EP0873385B1 - Schmiermittel auf pflanzenölbasis für verbrennungsmotoren - Google Patents

Schmiermittel auf pflanzenölbasis für verbrennungsmotoren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0873385B1
EP0873385B1 EP96919881A EP96919881A EP0873385B1 EP 0873385 B1 EP0873385 B1 EP 0873385B1 EP 96919881 A EP96919881 A EP 96919881A EP 96919881 A EP96919881 A EP 96919881A EP 0873385 B1 EP0873385 B1 EP 0873385B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
lubricant
dispersant
antioxidant
internal combustion
vegetable oil
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EP96919881A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0873385A1 (de
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Jean Luc Sagnes
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/04—Fatty oil fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/12—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
    • C10M145/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate monocarboxylic
    • C10M145/14—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/0206—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
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    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/401—Fatty vegetable or animal oils used as base material
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
    • C10M2207/4045—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species used as base material
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    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
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    • C10M2215/066—Arylene diamines
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    • C10M2215/067—Polyaryl amine alkanes
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    • C10M2215/068—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having amino groups bound to polycyclic aromatic ring systems, i.e. systems with three or more condensed rings
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    • C10M2215/086—Imides
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    • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
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    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
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    • C10N2040/251—Alcohol fueled engines
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    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
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    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
    • C10N2040/28—Rotary engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lubricants for internal combustion engines.
  • Lubricants known and conventionally used in combustion engines internal are based on mineral or synthetic oils, and do not contain oil vegetable.
  • Natural vegetable oils have an oleic acid content of around 60% at most, and a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids which resist temperatures very poorly high operating temperatures of an internal combustion engine and which oxidize rapidly, causing a considerable increase as thermal shocks and mixing viscosity, up to hardening of the oil. These vegetable oils do therefore unsuitable for durable use in internal combustion engines.
  • a vegetable oil with a high oleic acid content for example a sunflower oil from the crushing of oleic sunflower seeds, has excellent resistance to oxidation at temperatures of the order of operating temperatures of combustion engines internal, due to oleic acid or monounsaturated fatty acid.
  • vegetable oils oleics still contain a quantity of non-oleic polyunsaturated fatty acids, around 20% currently, which do not withstand high temperatures. Therefore, these oils are not directly usable as a lubricant in combustion engines internal.
  • Document EP-0-604-125 which relates in particular to a lubricating composition industrial comprising a synthetic or vegetable triglyceride oil with character monounsaturated to 60% minimum, and to a pour point improver.
  • Document EP-0-604-125 teaches in particular a lubricating composition for the use of hydraulic fluid comprising a pour point improver, a dispersant, an organic composition containing nitrogen, and an oil. Such a composition is not suitable for use in an engine with internal combustion for which the temperatures are high.
  • GB-A-927 794 relates to lubricants for aircraft turbine comprising as a base a dicarboxylic acid ester oil and a trimethylolpropane ester oil. These lubricants may contain as an inhibitor oxidation of an alkylselenium.
  • the invention relates to a lubricant based on vegetable oil for a combustion engine. internal, capable of performing functions similar to those of a conventional lubricant based mineral or synthetic oil for internal combustion engine.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a lubricant based on vegetable oil for low-cost internal combustion engine compatible with the lubricants market industrial.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a superior quality lubricant to that of conventional synthetic lubricants, at a lower cost price.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a lubricant which can be burned, after use as a lubricant in the combustion chamber (s) of an engine.
  • the invention consists of a lubricant for an internal combustion engine characterized in that it comprises a vegetable oil with a higher oleic acid content at 77%, at least one first antioxidant consisting of an alkylselenium, a first dispersant, pour point improver, and detergent.
  • said vegetable oil is a sunflower oil.
  • the lubricant according to the invention comprises a second antioxidant different from said first antioxidant.
  • the second antioxidant is constituted, according to another advantageous characteristic, by alkylated diphenylamine.
  • the addition of a second antioxidant different from the first allows to create a synergistic effect with the first antioxidant.
  • the addition of an alkylated diphenylamine allows advantageously to reduce the cost price of the antioxidant.
  • said first dispersant is a polymethacrylate.
  • the polymethacrylate also advantageously makes it possible to improve the viscosity at hot and to ensure the function of improving the pour point of the lubricant according to the invention.
  • the lubricant according to the invention comprises a polybutene in order to allow said lubricant, a when used, to be burned in the combustion chamber (s) of an engine.
  • Polybutene advantageously allows the used lubricant to be burned, after draining, in the vehicle fuel for example.
  • certain polymethacrylates, whose molecular weight is relatively important, are generators of varnish on the pistons of an internal combustion engine, therefore could not allow the use of used lubricant in the fuel of a vehicle to be burned in the combustion chambers.
  • the lubricant according to the present alternative once used, i.e. after having served, for example, in a vehicle for 10,000 to 15,000 km as engine lubricant, can advantageously be introduced into the vehicle fuel tank and get burned in the engine combustion chamber with fuel.
  • the lubricant according to the invention comprises a second dispersant different from said first dispersant. This characteristic makes it possible to obtain a synergistic effect of the two dispersants in order to improve the dispersing effect.
  • the lubricant according to the invention comprises a non-polar base.
  • Oleic vegetable oil is strongly polar which allows excellent fixing of oil molecules on the metal parts of the engine and a reduction in wear of these.
  • the non-polar base for example a synthetic base, in particular a polyalphaolephine, allows this effect to be slightly reduced in order to improve the action of the additives, and in particular of the dispersant additive (s).
  • the first general example of a lubricant according to the invention adopts the following volume composition, with an oleic sunflower oil as vegetable oil: oleic sunflower oil 40% to 85%, alkylsommenium 0.1% to 0.5%, alkylated diphenylamine 0.2% to 3%, polymethyl 3% to 15%, non-polar base 5% to 20%, conventional additive mixture 5% to 25%.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention can be mixed with a base mineral oil or the like used in lubricants conventional for internal combustion engines, this with the essential aim of lowering the cost of the lubricant depending on the use of the lubricant.
  • the mixture of conventional additives will be detailed below using specific examples.
  • the polymethacrylate exerts in the above composition the function main dispersant, and secondary hot viscosity improver and pour point allowing a pour point greater than -30 ° C.
  • the polymethacrylate content will essentially depend on the viscosity desired for the composition lubricating.
  • the lubricant comprises 68.4% by volume of oleic sunflower oil whose oleic acid content is greater than 77% by volume, 0.3% by volume of alkyl selenium, for example Oloa® 250, as the first anti oxidant, 0.5% by volume of alkylated diphenylamine, for example Oloa® 4860, as the second antioxidant, 9% by volume of a relatively high molecular weight polymethacrylate, for example Viscoplex® 6.050, as first dispersant, 12% by volume of a polyalphaolefin with a kinematic viscosity of 4 mm 2 / s (centistokes) at 100 ° C as a non-polar base, 9.8% of a mixture of additives available in the commercial, for example Oloa® 4155, usually used as a mixture of additives with mineral or synthetic oils for the manufacture of conventional lubricants for internal combustion engine, and comprising at least one detergent, one dispersant (second dispersant), one anti -wear
  • the mixture of additives Oloa® 4155 is known to the manufacturer of conventional lubricants. mineral or synthetic oil base for internal combustion engine, and therefore will not described in more detail here. It should be noted that the dispersant of the Oloa® 4155 mixture is advantageously different from the first dispersant.
  • the second particular example is a lubricant of viscosity SAE 10W40 more particularly suitable for use in diesel engines;
  • the lubricant comprises 59.7% by volume of oleic sunflower oil whose oleic acid content is greater than 77% by volume, 0.3% by volume of alkyl selenium, for example Oloa® 250, as the first anti oxidant, 0.5% by volume of alkylated diphenylamine, for example Oloa® 4860, as second antioxidant, 5% by volume of a relatively large molecular weight polymethacrylate, for example Viscoplex® 6.050, as first dispersant, 15% by volume of a polyalphaolefin with a kinematic viscosity of 4 centistokes at 100 ° C as a non-polar base, 19.5% of a mixture of commercially available additives, for example Oloa® 8900, usually used as a mixture of additives to mineral or synthetic oils for the manufacture of conventional lubricants for a diesel internal
  • the mixture of additives Oloa® 8900 is known to the manufacturer of conventional lubricants. mineral or synthetic oil base for Diesel engine, and will therefore not be described further detail here. It should be noted that the dispersant of the Oloa® 8900 mixture is advantageously different of the first dispersant.
  • the second general example of a lubricant according to the invention adopts the following volume composition, with an oleic sunflower oil as vegetable oil: oleic sunflower oil 40% to 85%, alkylsommenium 0.1% to 0.5%, alkylated diphenylamine 0.2% to 3%, polybutene 4% to 15%, succinimide 0.1% to 3%, polymethyl 0.1% to 0.8%, non-polar base 5% to 20%, conventional additive mixture 5% to 25%.
  • polybutene performs the function of improving viscosity, and allows the lubricating composition, once used, to be burnt in the combustion chamber (s) of an engine.
  • the lubricant comprises 57.7% by volume of oleic sunflower oil, the oleic acid content of which is greater than 77% by volume, 0.3% by volume of alkyl selenium, for example Oloa® 250, as the first anti oxidant, 0.5% by volume of alkylated diphenylamine, for example Oloa® 4860, as second antioxidant, 10% by volume of a polybutene, for example Oloa® 9350, 2% by volume of succinimide, for example Lubrizol® 6418, as the first dispersant, 0.7% of a relatively low molecular weight polymethacrylate, for example Viscoplex® 1-200, as pour point improver, 10% by volume of a polyalphaolefin with a kinematic viscosity of 4 centistokes at 100 ° C. as a non-polar base, 19.5% of a mixture of conventional additive
  • Lubrizol® 6418 is usually used as a dispersing additive in conventional oils for internal combustion engines. Therefore, it will not be described in more detail here.
  • the lubricant described above can advantageously be burned in the combustion chambers of an engine, pure or diluted in fuel.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Schmieröl auf Pflanzenölbasis für Verbrennungsmotoren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Pflanzenöl einen Ölsäuregehalt über 77 Volumen-% aufweist und das Schmieröl außerdem mindestens einen aus Alkylselen bestehenden Oxidationsinhibitor, ein erstes grenzflächenaktives Mittel, ein Stockpunktverbesserungsmittel und ein synthetisches Reinigungsmittel aufweist.
  2. Schmieröl nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem Pflanzenöl um ein Sonnenblumenöl handelt.
  3. Schmieröl nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen sich von dem ersten Oxidationsinhibitor unterscheidenden zweiten Oxidationsinhibitor aufweist.
  4. Schmieröl nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem zweiten Oxidationsinhibitor um Diphenylaminalkyl handelt.
  5. Schmieröl nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem ersten grenzflächenaktiven Mittel um Polymethylacrylat handelt.
  6. Schmieröl nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ein Polybuten aufweist, damit das Schmieröl, wenn einmal in Gebrauch, in der oder den Verbrennungskammern eines Motors verbrannt werden kann.
  7. Schmieröl nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein sich von dem ersten grenzflächenaktiven Mittel unterscheidendes zweites grenzflächenaktives Mittel aufweist.
  8. Schmieröl nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine unpolare Base aufweist.
  9. Schmieröl nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei der unpolaren Base um ein Polyalphaolefin handelt.
EP96919881A 1995-05-09 1996-05-09 Schmiermittel auf pflanzenölbasis für verbrennungsmotoren Expired - Lifetime EP0873385B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9505693A FR2733994B1 (fr) 1995-05-09 1995-05-09 Huile pour moteur a base d'huile de tournesol
FR9505693 1995-05-09
PCT/FR1996/000694 WO1996035766A1 (fr) 1995-05-09 1996-05-09 Lubrifiants a base d'huile vegetale, pour moteurs a combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0873385A1 EP0873385A1 (de) 1998-10-28
EP0873385B1 true EP0873385B1 (de) 2003-02-19

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96919881A Expired - Lifetime EP0873385B1 (de) 1995-05-09 1996-05-09 Schmiermittel auf pflanzenölbasis für verbrennungsmotoren

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0873385B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE232900T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2220056A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69626314T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2733994B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1996035766A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100236476B1 (ko) * 1997-08-20 2000-01-15 정몽규 식물성 엔진오일 조성물
DE19747854A1 (de) * 1997-10-30 1999-05-12 Fuchs Petrolub Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Schmierung und gleichzeitigen Kraftstoffversorgung eines pflanzenöl-tauglichen Verbrennungsmotors
CN107573999A (zh) * 2017-10-09 2018-01-12 广东哈弗石油能源股份有限公司 一种抗磨持久动力因子润滑油

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB927794A (en) * 1958-10-31 1963-06-06 Celanese Corp New or improved lubricants
CH476098A (de) * 1965-10-12 1969-07-31 Geigy Ag J R Als Schmiermittel geeignete Mischung
CA2095921A1 (en) * 1991-09-16 1993-03-17 The Lubrizol Corporation Oil compositions
US5413725A (en) * 1992-12-18 1995-05-09 The Lubrizol Corporation Pour point depressants for high monounsaturated vegetable oils and for high monounsaturated vegetable oils/biodegradable base and fluid mixtures

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2220056A1 (fr) 1996-11-14
FR2733994B1 (fr) 1997-08-08
EP0873385A1 (de) 1998-10-28
WO1996035766A1 (fr) 1996-11-14
DE69626314T2 (de) 2003-12-11
FR2733994A1 (fr) 1996-11-15
DE69626314D1 (de) 2003-03-27
ATE232900T1 (de) 2003-03-15

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