EP0872609B1 - Method of making a layered wall-slab - Google Patents

Abstract

A foundation layer (10) of interconnected bricks is laid on horizontally-extending flanges (2a) at the bottom end of the pallet (2) which rest on the top of the lifting table (1). A brick wall (3,4) is then built up on either side of the vertical portion (2b) of the pallet. The pallet may be made of insulating material, and may form the centre of the multi-leaf wall. The pallet may be removed, for further processing, drying or storage, after the brickwork has been completed. A tissue layer for retention of the inner layer may be inserted between the rows of bricks. Straps may be fitted on the base or foundation layer to enable lifting of the wall section.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing multi-layer wall panels for the construction of buildings.

The requirements for thermal and acoustic insulation of buildings are increasing increasingly to take into account the idea of environmental protection. Furthermore, there is Demand for the use of natural materials and for a long service life of buildings. A brick masonry fulfills these criteria to a certain extent, they are however, there are limits to the thermal insulation of such masonry. Even when used of highly porous brick material can be carried out without additional thermal insulation measures with a single-layer masonry, the criteria for real low-energy houses not be met.

However, the use of styrofoam plates or the like on the outer skin of the building is problematic, because in this way a gas impermeable layer is applied to the masonry and there is also a relatively easy vulnerability of the outer skin of such a building given is.

The requirements described above can be optimally achieved through a double-shell Masonry meet, in which brick layers are provided on the outer sides, the surround an insulating inner layer. Such a double-layer masonry in conventional However, building a construction method on the construction site is extremely complex and in most cases Cases are not acceptable in terms of costs and there are high risks for the quality guarantee.

DE-A-40 28 884 shows an apparatus and a method for producing vertical wall elements made of bricks. With the in this publication The method described is both the mason's workplace and the Move the material supply as well as the wall element in height during bricking. This is very complex and requires a corresponding control that the individual Actuated. In addition, the height-adjustable work platform is in view critical to the safety of related jobs. DE-A-32 46 199 shows a similar method in which the masonry on a lifting table is erected, which is lowered according to the progress of work.

Furthermore, EP-A-0 456 020 shows a system for mechanical masonry production. A such a system is not suitable for the production of multi-layer masonry.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a multi-shell Specify masonry in the form of masonry slabs, which is a rational manufacture and transfer allows.

• Bereitstellen eines Hubtisches, der vertikal beweglich ist;
• Auflegen einer Palette auf den Hubtisch, wobei die Palette eine waagrechte Auflagefläche aufweist;
• Herstellen mindestens einer Basisschar aus miteinander verbundenen Ziegeln auf der Palette;
• Errichtung eines mehrschaligen Mauerwerks auf der Basisschar, bestehend mindestens aus zwei Außenschichten aus Mauerwerk sowie vorzugsweise einer isolierenden Innenschicht, wobei der Hubtisch entsprechend dem Arbeitsfortschritt abgesenkt wird;
• nach Fertigstellung des Mauerwerks Abtransport der Palette zur Weiterverarbeitung, Trocknung und/oder Lagerung.

According to the invention, such a method consists of the following steps:

• Providing a lift table that is vertically movable;
• Placing a pallet on the lifting table, the pallet having a horizontal support surface;
• Making at least one base sheet of interconnected bricks on the pallet;
• Erection of a multi-layer masonry on the base share, consisting of at least two outer layers of masonry and preferably an insulating inner layer, the lifting table being lowered in accordance with the progress of work;
• after completion of the masonry, the pallet is transported for further processing, drying and / or storage.

The wall disc is transported within the production hall on roller conveyors are at the same altitude. Vibrations of the wall disc during manufacture can be largely avoided.

The process can be carried out in a temperature-controlled production hall, whereby the manufacturing conditions and the drying process are precisely controlled can. The manufacture of the masonry is extremely efficient, since the upper edge of the Masonry always at the optimal height during the entire manufacturing process about 90 cm.

As such, it is possible to arrange a work scaffold liftably in the present invention however, the solution was chosen, the masonry accordingly with a fixed working platform to reduce work progress. This also simplifies the material supply and makes it easier Work processes, such as the insertion of distance and longitudinal reinforcements, as well as that Filling the insulation material.

It is essential to the invention that the wall disk is produced on a pallet, which on the one hand supports the masonry on a horizontal support surface, and on the other hand provides a vertical stop surface against which the masonry is attached can be pulled up. At the same time, however, the palette is for internal use Further transport for the execution of further processing operations that Drying and storage.

In order to allow manipulation of the wall slab during the relocation, this instructs on its underside a base share, which is made of interconnected bricks. The bricks are preferably glued together, but there are also other mechanical ones Connections possible.

It is advantageous if the base share is made from two rows of bricks, each correspond to an outer layer and if the two rows of bricks through spacer tubes be connected to each other. During the manipulation, transport bolts are then inserted into the Spacer tubes inserted, and the wall plate is lifted by a hoist that attacks the transport bolt.

The combination of these measures results in a process that is a total of one extremely cost-effective production of multi-layer wall panels on a large scale.

A further rationalization of production results from the fact that reinforcing bars are made of a feeding device that is parallel to the area of the respective upper edge of the masonry this is arranged to be placed on the masonry. In this way it is possible that after the production of a tile coulter a longitudinal reinforcement is inserted by a appropriate reinforcing iron from a feed device on the top edge of the masonry is dumped. The feed device consists essentially of a trough, the the balustrade is arranged on the working platform.

In order to increase the accuracy, it can further be provided that the masonry during the establishment is guided by a movable guide bar on its front is arranged in the area of a parapet of a work platform. This also applies to bricklaying the front surface is precisely defined, which precisely controls the total thickness of the masonry can be. When the work table is moved after completion, the guide bar withdrawn to cause a conflict between the wall washer and the guide rail avoid. In addition to this or instead of the guide bar, roles can also be provided be to form the front stop.

The present invention produces a masonry wall for structures that are made in one piece Dislocation is determined, consisting of a base share, two outer layers Brick masonry and preferably an insulating inner layer made of glue-bonded mineral light materials, particularly preferably pearlites. If the outer layers out highly porous bricks are manufactured, the inner layer may not be necessary, without getting insulation values that are too low. The double-shell construction also brings here Advantages over an equally strong single-layer structure.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that in the Insulating inner layer, empty piping is provided, the different outlets through an outer layer. This can result in significant operations the construction site can be saved.

To enable protection of the masonry on the construction site until a ceiling is applied is, it can be provided that a reinforced mortar layer is arranged on the top is.

The invention is based on the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures explained in more detail. 1 schematically shows the manufacture of a wall pane the inventive method, Figure 2 shows a section through a multi-layer Wall panel manufactured according to the invention, Fig. 3 is a side view of such a wall panel in the displacement and Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 details of Fig. 1 each in enlarged Scale.

A pallet 2 is arranged on a lifting table 1 and consists of a horizontal contact surface 2a and a vertical stop surface 2b. Two wall disks 3, 4 can be manufactured on such a pallet 2. On a brick pallet 5, the bricks are made ready to hand and laid by a worker _6 _{_} . Cut bricks can be fed separately.

The lifting table 1 is lowered in accordance with the work process so that the upper edge the masonry stands at an optimal working height of about 90 cm. More, not Feeders, shown in more detail, supply the workplace with mortar or with the Filling material for the inner layer. After the wall is finished, the pallet 2 drawn off via roller conveyors for further processing and drying.

2 shows a wall pane produced according to the invention in detail. The total wall thickness the wall disc is 50 cm. The masonry consists of a load-bearing Outer layer 7 with a thickness of 20 cm, an insulating inner layer 8 with a thickness of 17.5 cm and an outer layer 9 with a thickness of 12.5 cm together. The outer layer 7 is load-bearing and arranged inside the finished building. A base group 10 exists of two rows of bricks 10a and 10b, which consist of bricks glued together and each represent the lowest tile family of the outer layers 7 and 9. The two rows of bricks 10a and 10b are through spacer tubes 11 through pre-drilled holes are inserted, connected to each other.

The lateral cohesion of the masonry as a whole is achieved using spacers 12, which are mortared in the grip holes of the individual bricks. The inner layer 8 is made of one thermal insulation filling material made of glue stabilized perlites. An empty piping 18 is arranged in the lower section of the inner layer 8.

The thickness of the outer layer 7 of 20 cm allows the static conditions for four-story building to meet. It can according to the method of the invention Wall washers with a total height of 3 m and a length of up to 6 m become.

3 shows the displacement of a wall pane produced according to the invention. The wall disc is not by one of belts or chains 13, which are suspended on a crossbar 14 crane shown in detail raised. The straps 13 are fastened to transport bolts 22, which are inserted into the spacer tubes 11. At 15, the glued joints Base share 10 designated.

In order to achieve an accuracy in the manufacture, a parapet is at the work station 16 16a is provided, which has a guide bar 17 that extends to the respective total wall thickness is adjustable. The masonry is guided on the one hand by the stop surface 2b, that forms a first stop, and on the other hand of the guide bar 17, the one second stop forms. Thus, not only is the level execution of the masonry, but also the exact total thickness is also guaranteed. The guide bar 17 is in the thickness direction movable so that there is no obstacle to the movement of the lifting table.

On the top of the parapet 16b is a receiving shell 19 for the longitudinal reinforcement provided, the receiving shell 19 being designed to be tiltable and the longitudinal reinforcement 20 after completion of a tile coulter simply on the partially made wall disc to be able to tip over. The bowl 19 is supplied by a club, not shown, from which the rebar 20 is unwound.

At the top, the wall washer is protected from moisture by an armored mortar layer 21 protected. Optionally, a formwork or receptacle for a floor ceiling can be on the top be trained.

From Fig. 5 it can be seen that spacers 11a are welded to the spacer tube 11 are to adjust the distance of the rows of bricks 10a and 10b exactly. One between the Tile rows 10a and 10b inserted fabric insert 23 prevents the escape of Filling material downwards.

The present invention allows the production of high quality wall washers under controlled conditions in a cost-effective and rational way.

Claims (8)

1. A method of manufacturing multiple shell wall elements involving the following steps:

   providing a vertically movable elevating platform (1);

   erecting a multiple shell masonry wall element on a base assembly (10) having at least two outer layers (7, 9) of masonry and preferably one insulating inner layer (8), the elevating platform (1) being lowered as work progresses;

   characterized by the following steps:

   placing a pallet (2) onto the elevating platform (1), said pallet (2) being provided with a horizontal bearing surface (2a);

   manufacturing on the pallet (2) at least one base assembly (10) of bricks that are joined together;

   upon completion of the piece of masonry, transporting the pallet (2) for further processing, drying and/or storing.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the base assembly (10) consists of bricks that are bonded together.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the base assembly (10) is made of two rows of bricks (10a, 10b) corresponding each to a respective one of the outer layers (7, 9), the bricks being bonded together, and that the two rows of bricks (10a, 10b) are joined together by spacer tubes (11).
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that a fabric insert (23) for holding an insulating inner layer (8) is inserted between the rows of bricks (10a, 10b) constituting the base assembly (10).
5. The method according to one of the claims 1 through 4, characterized in that, for erecting a building, the wall panels are displaced by attaching belts (13) to the base assembly (10) and by raising the wall panel by means of said belts (13).
6. The method according to one of the claims 1 through 5, characterized in that a blank tubing (18) is inserted into an insulating inner layer (8).
7. The method according to one of the claims 1 through 6, characterized in that a reinforcement of iron pieces (20) delivered by a feeder (19) arranged in the region of the respective upper edge of the masonry wall so as to be parallel to said upper edge is placed onto the masonry wall.
8. The method according to one of the claims 1 through 7, characterized in that, during erection, the masonry wall is guided at its front side by rolls (17) that are arranged in the region of a parapet (16a) of a working platform (16).

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