Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
  • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
  • E04C2/28—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups combinations of materials fully covered by groups E04C2/04 and E04C2/08
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
  • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
  • E04C2/043—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of plaster
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
  • E04C2/32—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material
  • E04C2/322—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material with parallel corrugations

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a construction element qualified as a facing element, of a new type, making it possible to combine a series of advantageous technical and economic characteristics.
• partitions and linings are used in the building must simultaneously satisfy a certain number of specific functions: the separative function, which is not only geometrical but which also aims to ensure the disappearance or the limitation of certain physical phenomena (light, temperature, noise, ...), the aesthetic function, the support function for technical equipment (continuity of networks and subsequent hooking), the mechanical or structural function (even for non-load-bearing partitions which must withstand various stresses in service and whose connections to the load-bearing elements of the building must be provided), the anti-intrusion or anti-intrusion function in the case of a separation between two dwellings in collective housing. Similar considerations apply to lining (covering) walls with this type of product.
• Document US 4,736,566 describes a modular panel system, consisting of a core in the form of a "corrugated" plaster panel, disposed between covering sheets, such as vinyl sheets.
• Document GB 2 148 972A describes an assembly acting as a fire barrier made up of plaster sheets and blocks reinforced with glass fibers and covered with stainless steel or galvanized steel plates.
• the external faces are faces made of metal or of vinyl material and the plaster forming the core of the panel is either glued or mechanically held by fastening elements.
• the production of such elements is difficult and the metallic or vinyl exterior finish is generally not suitable for dwellings, whether for interior or exterior walls.
• the invention aims to avoid the drawbacks of the state of the art, and in particular to propose prefabricated facings in the workshop made of steel and plaster, by forming an assembly which reduces the risk of damage during transport and of the installation on the site, and which can be easily and quickly installed.
• An additional aim of the invention is to be able to reduce the quantity of plaster used, compared with the solution of the prior art, in particular with conventional plasterboards.
• a facing element characterized in that it consists of a galvanized steel sheet provided in the workshop on at least one face, with a mass of plaster applied in the form of tempered plaster.
• the galvanized steel sheet can be profiled by forming stiffening ribs, in order to obtain a self-supporting panel.
• the facing element is made of a galvanized steel sheet which can be profiled, with a thickness of between approximately 0.4 and 3.0 mm on at least one face of which tempered plaster or a mix based on tempered plaster is applied in a thickness preferably between 5 and 50 mm.
• tempered plaster on the galvanized steel sheet makes it possible to achieve good adhesion of the plaster, which opens the door to a large number of production operating techniques.
• the adhesion can be improved by a suitable surface treatment or a mechanical bond including in particular an operation of compression of the tempered plaster on the sheet, a method known per se for improving the adhesion of the tempered plaster on a support such as cardboard.
• the mass of the plaster can in particular be cast projected onto the sheet placed on a horizontal support for example.
• first deposit as described above a layer of tempered plaster on paper or cardboard or on another support then deposit the galvanized sheet by applying it to the plaster which is still wet ( passage to the shaper for example) and then it is covered by any suitable technique on the other face with a layer of tempered plaster, this last layer of plaster preferably being then covered with a finish such as paper or cardboard.
• This solution is particularly advantageous because it avoids certain drawbacks linked to the problem of drying the plaster (the sheet being of course waterproof) and to the problems of crumbling of the plaster covering the sheet during cutting operations on site or when drilling holes. .
• a sheet which has been profiled is preferably used either during its production or immediately before its implementation according to the invention.
• mixed plaster applies to a mixture of water and plaster as well as to a mixture of water and plaster with additives in minor quantities, that is to say generally not exceeding 50% in weight.
• a mixture based on plaster containing additives, of low density and with high thermal insulation capacity, of the perlite or vermiculite type is used.
• a mixture is used with plaster base containing a proportion of Portland cement or steel cement.
• the facing element thus produced can be easily transported, with a minimum of protective packaging, for example a shrinkable protective film, because the sheet greatly reduces the risk of rupture of the plaster mass.
• galvanized must be understood in the broad sense as also applying to a coating with alloys based on zinc and aluminum. It may be, for example, more or less highly alloyed zinc or aluzinc deposit or products of the GALFAN type (registered trademark).
• the physico-chemical bond between steel and plaster is ensured by the process of casting or projection in the workshop on galvanized steel or by the application of galvanized sheet on plaster previously deposited on a support such as paper or cardboard. , of preferably in a horizontal position, thus avoiding the use of elements of the trellis type necessary for attachment during vertical projection which, according to the state of the art, is sometimes recommended for use on the site.
• the plaster side finish can also take different forms. It can have a raw appearance of untreated plaster, but it is also possible to provide finishes of the cardboard, sheet or metal foil type, possibly prepainted, or any other form of finish ensuring the role of temporary protection or of finishing surface facilitating use in service (allowing a directly applicable paint without "primer", for example).
• the plaster used will of course depend on the intended application (decorative plaster, water-repellent, quick-hardening plaster, lightened plaster containing perlite or with a fiberglass type finish, etc.).
• the facing elements according to the invention can be applied for the production of light partitions, generally non-load-bearing, for various uses such as dividing partitions between housings or distribution partitions in the same housing. They can also be used to make linings (interior walls of exterior walls, counter-partitions, ceilings, components involved in the construction of floors).
• the aforementioned facing elements when they are provided with a plaster mass on only one face, the other face being provided or not with a layer of insulating element, are used in practice generally as half-partitions , in the sense that two elements of this type are mounted "back to back", that is to say each with the mass of plaster placed outwards.
• only one of the two facing elements may be provided on the free face with an insulation lining.
• This lining can also be provided on the two elements or the insulation lining can be added in the form of rigid panels disposed between these elements without being completely joined to it. Bridging elements between the half-walls also serving to maintain half-walls, may for example be provided.
• the respective thicknesses of the facing elements, their spatial separation and the nature of the plaster used will depend on the requirements to be fulfilled in terms of rigidity, fire resistance, weight and thermal and sound insulation.
• finishing operations such as laying a screed on the floor and capping or plastering are carried out after the installation of the partitions.
• the steel be of high strength and high yield strength in order to resist mechanical attack and / or may contain elements delaying cutting by flame cutting (to resist thermal attack) such as at least 2% chromium, at least 0.5% silicon or even vanadium, nickel or tungsten.
• Figure 1 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a facing element
• FIG. 2 represents an enlarged view of the connection of two adjoining panels
• Figure 3 shows a schematic perspective view of the principle of mounting a partition according to 1 • invention
• FIG. 4 represents a schematic view of another embodiment of a facing element according to the invention making a plaster and non-profiled sheet system;
• Figure 5 corresponds to Figure 4 for a plaster and profiled sheet system and
• Figure 6 corresponds to Figure 5 but applied to a plaster, profiled sheet and plaster system.
• DETAILED DESCRIPTION The facing element according to the invention (figures
• the general reference 1 bearing the general reference 1 consists of a profiled galvanized sheet 3, generally of standardized size and of a length such that it can be mounted vertically between a floor and a ceiling.
• This sheet is stiffened by a series of profiling in the form of "ribs" or chutes 5, for example with a width of 30 mm, spaced center to center by their neighbor of 100 mm.
• the sheet seen in section therefore affects the shape of a practically rectangular wave profile.
• the shape of the lateral ends of this sheet will be described below with reference to Figures 2 and 3.
• a layer of mass plaster 7 was poured in order to form the facing element.
• the profiled sheet ends on the right with a little more than a half-groove 11 and on the left with a practically complete groove 13.
• the plaster 7 almost completely fills the groove 11 and on the left, less than half of the almost complete groove 13.
• FIG. 3 specifically illustrates how facing elements can be mounted in place on the site to obtain a partition.
• the insulation was not previously mounted on the facing elements.
• a mounting rail 21 On the ground, a mounting rail 21 has been provided here on which an insulator 23 is disposed.
• the partition consists of a series of facing elements IA, IB, etc. intended to be placed side by side in the configuration of Figure 2, the plaster 7 being turned towards the front of the drawing and the opposite face formed by the galvanized sheet 3 being turned towards the insulator.
• the complementary facing elements 1C and ID are mounted as indicated, preferably in an offset manner
• a production operating variant is indicated. According to the latter, a sheet of cardboard 31 coming from an unwinder 33 passes between pinch rollers 34 and is deposited on a suitable support such as a table (not shown).
• a plaster hopper 35 is used to deposit a layer of tempered plaster 7 on the cardboard 31 as this cardboard scrolls under the hopper 35.
• the cardboard 31 and plaster 7 assembly progresses and passes under a dispenser of galvanized sheet 37 which intervention of pinch rollers 39 and of an applicator roller 41, apply the sheet 3 to the tempered plaster 7.
• the operations are essentially similar to the difference that between the unwinder 37 and the pinch rollers 39, a metal shaping device 43 is provided.
• the applicator roller 41 "prints" the deformations of the sheet (for example corrugations) in the mass of tempered plaster 7.
• a second tempered plaster hopper 45 which applies a second layer of tempered plaster 47, a paper unwinder 57, pinch rollers 59 and an applicator roller 61 which applies a sheet of paper 63 to the tempered plaster 47.
• the fixing to the floor and to the ceiling can for example be different from that indicated. Provision may be made to clip the lateral edges of the facing elements together.
• Each of the facing elements arranged "back to back" or only one of them may be provided with a layer of insulation in the workshop.
• Spacers or simply an adequate positioning allow a spacing between the insulation and the rear face (sheet metal) of the facing element to ensure good sound insulation of the joints.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
• Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
• Finishing Walls (AREA)
• Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=3889377

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1995
  • 1995-12-22 BE BE9501069A patent/BE1009876A3/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1996
  • 1996-12-20 DE DE69607385T patent/DE69607385T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1996-12-20 WO PCT/BE1996/000134 patent/WO1997023693A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1996-12-20 PT PT96943835T patent/PT868579E/pt unknown
  • 1996-12-20 AU AU13617/97A patent/AU1361797A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-12-20 AT AT96943835T patent/ATE191042T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-12-20 ES ES96943835T patent/ES2144801T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-12-20 EP EP96943835A patent/EP0868579B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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