EP0867524B1 - Method for masking a portion of metal to be carburized or nitrided - Google Patents

Method for masking a portion of metal to be carburized or nitrided Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0867524B1
EP0867524B1 EP98105629A EP98105629A EP0867524B1 EP 0867524 B1 EP0867524 B1 EP 0867524B1 EP 98105629 A EP98105629 A EP 98105629A EP 98105629 A EP98105629 A EP 98105629A EP 0867524 B1 EP0867524 B1 EP 0867524B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carburizing
nitriding
powder
carburized
nitrided
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98105629A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0867524A1 (en
Inventor
Kouichi Ito
Yukio Dohi
Yoshimi Ishigaki
Katsuya Akamatsu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Nard Institute Ltd
Original Assignee
Nard Institute Ltd
Japan Science and Technology Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Nard Institute Ltd, Japan Science and Technology Corp filed Critical Nard Institute Ltd
Publication of EP0867524A1 publication Critical patent/EP0867524A1/en
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Publication of EP0867524B1 publication Critical patent/EP0867524B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/04—Treatment of selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C20/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either solid compounds or suspensions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating
    • C23C20/06—Coating with inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for masking carburizing and nitriding, and in particular to a method for masking carburizing and nitriding by means of a powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding so that a portion of a metallic part such as steel etc. is hardened by carburizing and nitriding while the toughness of the other portion remained in non-carburized or non-nitrided states is maintained.
  • the coating-type masking materials are those containing chemical powder (e.g. borax and borosilicic acid or tin powder) having a carburizing and nitriding preventing action added to a small amount of resin and solvent, and this coating is applied onto a specific portion of a steel material before thermal treatment for carburizing and nitriding.
  • chemical powder e.g. borax and borosilicic acid or tin powder
  • the material is introduced into a furnace charged with a carburizing and nitriding agent or in an atmosphere of carburizing and nitriding gas and then heated at 300 to 1000°C whereby the resin in the coating is thermally decomposed and disappears, while the carburizing and nitriding preventing components in the coating are baked on the surface of the steel material to form a carburizing and nitriding preventing film by which the material is prevented from contacting with the carburizing and nitriding components, thus preventing said coated portion from being carburized and nitrided.
  • the object of preventing carburizing and nitriding cannot be achieved, so it is essential to form a defect-free and uniform carburizing and nitriding preventing film.
  • this coating has a less amount of incorporated resin components working as vehicle components (because a larger amount leads to significant discharge of its decomposed gas, and the baking of the carburizing and nitriding preventing components is thus prevented), so its flow-out is inadequate, and it is necessary that the coating should be diluted with solvent and applied repeatedly in order to form a uniform film. Accordingly, this requires careful operation and much labor using brush etc.
  • JP-A-9-59757 a method wherein a powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding containing as essential components a boron-based inorganic compound having a carburizing or nitriding preventing action and thermally fusible resin to be thermally decomposed under carburizing and nitriding conditions is fused and bonded onto the portion of a treated metal to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided.
  • the above carburizing and nitriding preventing agent comprising the substance having a carburizing and nitriding preventing action and thermally fusible resin in the carburizing and nitriding treatment
  • the above carburizing and nitriding preventing agent should accurately and completely be applied without any gap to the portion whose carburizing and nitriding are intended to be prevented.
  • only the portion to be subjected to carburizing and nitriding treatment should be heated accurately and adequately at a temperature not lower than the fusing temperature of the thermally fusible resin.
  • EP-A-0419675 discloses a patch for preventing carburization, nitridation or oxidation which comprises a film-shaped material formed from a heat-fusible or heat-meltable particulate material having an anti-carburizing, anti-nitriding or anti-oxidizing effect.
  • the film-shaped material is formed using a heat-decomposable resin as a binder, and a pressure sensitive adhesive material provided on one side of the film-shaped material.
  • the patch is applied through pressure sensitive adhesion to a portion of a metallic member to be prevented from being carburized, nitrided or oxidized.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for accurately carburizing and nitriding a portion to be subjected to carburizing and nitriding treatment by permitting a carburizing and nitriding preventing agent to be fused and bonded accurately to only the portion to be masked from being carburized and nitrided.
  • the present invention relates to a method for masking a portion of a metal material to be carburized or nitrided, which comprises coating a powder for prevention of carburizing or nitriding over a region including at least said portion to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided, heating only said portion by laser beam, thereby fusing and bonding the powder to only the portion to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of one embodiment for carrying out the carburizing and nitriding preventing treatment of the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to a method for masking a portion of a metal material to be carburized or nitrided, which comprises coating the powder for prevention of carburizing or nitriding over a region including at least said portion to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided, heating only said portion by laser beam, thereby fusing and bonding the powder to only the portion to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided.
  • the present invention relates to the method for masking carburizing and nitriding in which a powder comprising as essential components the substance having a carburizing or nitriding preventing action and the thermally fusible resin to be thermally decomposed under carburizing or nitriding conditions is used as the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding.
  • the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding is applied by a coating method such as an electrostatic coating to the whole of a material treated or to a region including at least the portion to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided, and then only said portion is heated by laser irradiation to a temperature higher than the fusing temperature, and said powder is fused and bonded to just said portion .
  • a coating method such as an electrostatic coating to the whole of a material treated or to a region including at least the portion to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided, and then only said portion is heated by laser irradiation to a temperature higher than the fusing temperature, and said powder is fused and bonded to just said portion .
  • the heating temperature should be set higher than the fusing temperature of the fusible components in the powder, and usually the powder is heated at about 120 to 350°C.
  • the powder on the site not irradiated with the laser i.e. the site not requiring carburizing and nitriding preventing treatment, is neither fused and bonded onto the material treated and can thus be removed by e.g. air spraying after laser irradiation.
  • the heating means are desirably those capable of heating only the target portion reliably and accurately regardless of whether the shape of the material treated has a curved surface or unevenness or whether the site thereof to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided has a complex or fine pattern.
  • a laser beam heating method is used in the present invention.
  • this heating means is used to strictly heat only the portion to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided whereby the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding can be allowed to adhere to only the heated site easily and reliably.
  • the material is subjected to carburizing and nitriding treatment where a temperature of 500 to 1000°C is usually used, so before this temperature is reached, the resin in said powder is thermally decomposed and disappears, and only the substance having a carburizing and nitriding preventing action remains to form a carburizing and nitriding preventing film, thus preventing the portion from being carburized and nitrided.
  • the laser beam heating method used in the present invention is carried out preferably using a scanning type beam irradiation apparatus equipped with a scanning head for scanning depending on a pattern memorized in a computer to emit laser rays to only a portion requiring heating.
  • the laser emitting head may be moved by the computer, or while the emitting head is fixed, the material treated may be moved, and in either case, it is preferable to trace the pattern by automatic control.
  • the width of the emitted laser beam is selected depending on the size and accuracy of the portion to be subjected to carburizing and nitriding preventing treatment.
  • the irradiation apparatus is preferably that capable of adjusting beam width to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.1 mm.
  • the size of the laser is selected such that it can rapidly heat the desired portion of the material treated.
  • the computer-controlled laser generating apparatus satisfying these requirements may be those commercially available, including e.g. scanning type laser maker apparatus ML-4140 C (manufactured by Miyachi Technos K.K.).
  • the specific method of permitting the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding adhere to the material treated is not particularly limited, and it is possible to suitably modify and employ conventional methods such as fluidization dip method, spray method, electrostatic adhesion method etc.
  • FIG. 1 shows a preferable example of an automatic apparatus capable of laser beam heating and applying the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding.
  • the method for prevention of carburizing and nitriding according to the present invention will be described by reference to this drawing.
  • Test specimen (6) requiring partial prevention of carburizing and nitriding is transferred by 6-axis robot (3) to powder coating booth (2) where the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding is allowed to adhere by electrostatic coating to the whole of the test specimen.
  • This test specimen is transferred by the 6-axis robot to the laser irradiation position in YAG laser marker (4), and only the portion requiring prevention of carburizing and nitriding is irradiated with the laser whereby the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding is fused and bonded to only that portion of the test specimen.
  • the X- and Y-axes for laser irradiation can be controlled by laser maker controller (5), and the Z-axis can be controlled by the 6-axis robot. Thereafter, the robot transfers the test specimen to the coating booth, and the powder not fusion-bonded is scattered by air blow.
  • the substance having a carburizing and nitriding preventing action which constitutes the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding in the present invention, is preferably a boron-based inorganic compound or boron oxide-based amorphous substance.
  • a boron-based inorganic compound or boron oxide-based amorphous substance is softened under heating conditions carburizing and nitriding treatment (usually 300 to 1000°C) and almost simultaneously with combustion by thermal decomposition of the aforementioned fusible resin, forms a close carburizing and nitriding preventing film, thereby demonstrating carburizing and nitriding preventing functions.
  • boron-based inorganic compounds are selected and these can be baked on the surface of a base material at a temperature of 450°C or more to form a close carburizing and nitriding preventing film thereon.
  • the boron-based inorganic compounds include e.g. borax, boron oxide, borosilicic acid, phenyl boric acid etc. Boron oxide is particularly preferable.
  • the boron oxide-based amorphous substance used in the present invention is an amorphous substance comprising boron oxide B 2 O 3 and optionally other inorganic materials.
  • the preferable amorphous substance includes boron oxide-silicon oxide, boron oxide-silicon oxide-clay, boron oxide-silicon oxide-alumina, etc.
  • B 2 O 3 : SiO 2 is 60 to 90 : 40 to 10, preferably 70 to 90 : 30 to 10 (ratio by weight).
  • the boron-based inorganic compound or boron oxide-based amorphous substance is preferably that with a water content of 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less. If the water content in the boron-based inorganic compound or boron oxide-based amorphous substance is too high whether water is that of adhesion or of crystallization, evaporation of the water may cause pinhole defects etc. to be formed in the resulting masking film for preventing carburizing and nitriding, so that a reliable carburizing and nitriding preventing film is hardly formed or the carburizing and nitriding preventing film may not be formed at all.
  • the content of the boron-based inorganic compound or boron oxide-based amorphous substance in said powder is set preferably in the range of 20 to 80% by weight in terms of anhydrides thereof, and if its content is deficient, the carburizing and nitriding preventing film may become thin and uneven, and pinhole defects may occur after decomposition and combustion of the resin, making it difficult to achieve reliable carburizing and nitriding preventing effects.
  • the characteristics of the thermally fusible resin are that it acts as an adhesive component for permitting the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding to adhere to the portion to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided and that it is thermally decomposed to disappear under the carburizing and nitriding preventing treatment.
  • the adhesion of said powder to the portion to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided can be easily effected by incorporation of a predetermined amount of the thermal fusible resin as an essential component into said boron-based inorganic compound or boron oxide-based amorphous substance.
  • the thermally fusible resin thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin can be used, and these can easily adhere to the portion to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided because the thermoplastic resin is rendered softened and molten by heating and the thermosetting resin is rendered plasticized and fusible prior to hardening reaction.
  • the first characteristic of this thermally fusible resin is that it is rendered softened and molten by heating or plasticized and fused and bonded prior to thermal hardening reaction. It is desired to select the resin which is thermally fused and bonded to the material preferably at a temperature of 350°C or less, more preferably about 300°C or less. In the method described below, however, it is hard to permit the resin thermally fused and bonded at too high temperature, e.g. about 350°C or more, to reliably adhere to the portion to be prevented from carburized and nitrided, making it often difficult to achieve satisfactory carburizing and nitriding preventing effects.
  • the second characteristic of the fusible resin is that after the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding is allowed to adhere to the portion to be prevented from carburized and nitrided and before the carburizing and nitriding treatment is conducted, the resin should be thermally decomposed to disappear so as not to impair formation of a masking film consisting exclusively of the boron-based inorganic compound or boron oxide-based amorphous substance.
  • thermoplastic resins such as polyolefin type resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene etc., polyester type resin, and acryl type resin
  • thermosetting resins such as thermosetting polyester type resin and acryl type resin. If the thermosetting resin is used, it is preferable to select a hardening agent to show hardening reaction by releasing a blocking agent after the main agent is thermally plasticized by blocking a cross-reactive functional group.
  • the amount of the thermally fusible resin in the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding according to the present invention is preferably in the range of 20 to 80% by weight, more preferably 40 to 60% by weight, and if the amount of the incorporated resin is deficient, the powder tends to be difficult in the following method to be fused and bonded to the portion to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided, whereas given a large amount of the incorporated resin, the absolute amount of the boron-based inorganic compound or boron oxide-based amorphous substance becomes deficient, thus making it difficult to form a close masking film, and in either case, none of satisfactory carburizing and nitriding preventing effects may be obtained.
  • the powder which adhered to the surface of the metal to be treated is uniformly fused and bonded onto the heated portion (i.e.
  • the essential constitutional components in the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding according to the present invention are the 2 components described above.
  • water glass, frit, low-melting glass or metal powder such as tin, aluminum, zinc etc. or disrupted metal foil etc. can be added in suitable amounts to improve the carburizing and nitriding preventing effects.
  • Additional materials such as titanium oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, talk, calcium carbonate, mica, silica (molten silica, aerosol etc.), alumina, magnesium, silicon carbide, fly ash, graphite, silicic acid, kaolinite, clay etc.
  • the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding is preferably colored with various pigments to improve degrees of absorption of the laser. Selection of the color depends on the thermal absorption of laser rays, and colors such as green, red etc. are relatively desirable. To improve degrees of absorption, colloidal graphite etc. may be applied onto the surface of the material treated.
  • the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding according to the present invention is a mixture of the above constitutional components, and the process for preparation thereof is not limited at all, and for example, the boron oxide-based amorphous substance in a powder form and the thermally fusible resin in a powder form and if necessary other auxiliary additive may be blended and uniformly mixed with one another.
  • the thermally fusible resin is heated and softened, and then the powdery boron oxide-based amorphous substance and other powdery auxiliary additives are uniformly dispersed in it, and the mixture is cooled, solidified and disrupted so that the powder with uniform components can be easily obtained without separation of individual constitutional components from each other.
  • the thermally fusible resin is dissolved in suitable solvent, and then the powdery boron oxide-based amorphous substance and other powdery auxiliary additives are uniformly mixed with it, followed by spray-drying.
  • the diameter of the powder is preferably regulated in the range of 10 to 250 ⁇ m in average, more preferably 50 to 200 ⁇ m. If the powder is too course, there is a tendency for an uniform carburizing and nitriding preventing film to be hardly formed, whereas it is too fine, there is a tendency for a thick carburizing and nitriding preventing film to be hardly formed, making it difficult to achieve satisfactory carburizing and nitriding preventing effects.
  • the content of the boron-based inorganic compound or boron oxide-based amorphous substance having a carburizing or nitriding preventing action in this powder for prevention of carburizing or nitriding is in the range of 20 to 80% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight in terms of anhydrides thereof, and the preferable content of the thermally fusible resin to be thermally decomposed under carburizing or nitriding conditions is in the range of 20 to 80% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight.
  • a particularly preferable example of such a boron-based inorganic compound or boron oxide-based amorphous substance is that with a water content of 10% by weight or less, more preferably 5% by weight, and a preferable example of thermally fusible resin is one member selected from polyolefin type resin, polyester type resin and acryl type resin or a mixture thereof.
  • the material to be treated to which the present invention is applied includes various metal materials whose surface hardening is carried out by partial carburizing and nitriding treatment, and the commonest materials are steel materials and alloy steels, and the present invention is applied to the portion to be prevented from, for example, carburizing and nitriding machine parts such as shafts and bearings or abrasive and grinding members so that the portion thereof undergoing strong friction and abrasion is hardened by carburizing and nitriding and the remaining portion is prevented from being carburized and nitrided, thus maintaining high toughness.
  • the portion to be prevented from being carburized and nitrided maintain its inherent toughness, whereas the non-adhered portion can be restrictively hardened by carburizing and nitriding treatment.
  • a cylindrical steel material of 22 mm diameter and 70 mm length was divided equally in the longitudinal direction to give semicylindrical specimens.
  • This specimen was transferred to a coating booth (2) by the 6-axis robot shown in FIG. 1, and a powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding (average particle diameter of 100 ⁇ m) consisting of 55% by weight boron oxide-silicon oxide type amorphous substance (i.e. 90% by weight boron oxide plus 10% by weight silicon oxide) and 45% by weight polyethylene powder was applied to the whole of the test specimen by electrostatic coating.
  • this test specimen was transferred to the laser irradiation position in YAG laser marker (4) by the 6-axis robot and the flat portion (bottom) of the semicylindrical specimen was irradiated with the laser under the control of a computer so as to draw a square pattern with a side of 5 mm.
  • the test specimen after irradiation was transferred again to the coating booth (2) by the 6-axis robot, and the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding on the test specimen was blown away by air.
  • the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding was fusion-bonded on the test specimen to form a masking film at an accuracy of ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • this test specimen was introduced into a carburizing heating furnace and subjected to carburizing treatment using gas type carburizing. After treatment, the test specimen was evaluated by observation under a microscope and its hardness was determined, and as a result, the hardness of only the portion whose wear characteristics were intended to be improved by carburizing treatment was accurately improved, and the portion protected with the powder for prevention of carburizing and nitriding was completely protected from the carburizing action.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
EP98105629A 1997-03-28 1998-03-27 Method for masking a portion of metal to be carburized or nitrided Expired - Lifetime EP0867524B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7733497 1997-03-28
JP07733497A JP3145330B2 (ja) 1997-03-28 1997-03-28 浸炭もしくは窒化防止法
JP77334/97 1997-03-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0867524A1 EP0867524A1 (en) 1998-09-30
EP0867524B1 true EP0867524B1 (en) 2002-07-03

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EP98105629A Expired - Lifetime EP0867524B1 (en) 1997-03-28 1998-03-27 Method for masking a portion of metal to be carburized or nitrided

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EP (1) EP0867524B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP3145330B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR100591505B1 (ja)
DE (1) DE69806294T2 (ja)

Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7811390B2 (en) 2007-03-23 2010-10-12 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Method for producing carburized parts
DE102011050641A1 (de) 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Metallbauteils
CN105296914A (zh) * 2014-07-23 2016-02-03 丰田自动车株式会社 其中溶解并扩散有处理气体的元素的钢的制造方法

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EP1076106B1 (en) * 1999-08-09 2003-10-08 ALSTOM (Switzerland) Ltd Process for masking cooling holes of a gas turbine component
DE10038447C1 (de) 2000-08-07 2002-07-11 Durferrit Gmbh Abdeckmassen für das partielle Aufkohlen von metallischen Bauteilen
JP2006126234A (ja) * 2004-10-26 2006-05-18 Sony Corp 撮像装置、光量調整機構、光量制御羽根及び光量制御羽根の製造方法
JP2015007262A (ja) * 2013-06-24 2015-01-15 株式会社豊電子工業 レーザ焼入れ装置
KR101525153B1 (ko) * 2013-10-30 2015-06-03 (주)대성테크 침탄방지액 도포장치
WO2016164789A1 (en) * 2015-04-08 2016-10-13 Metal Improvement Company, Llc High fatigue strength components requiring areas of high hardness
US11584969B2 (en) 2015-04-08 2023-02-21 Metal Improvement Company, Llc High fatigue strength components requiring areas of high hardness
CN115505284B (zh) * 2022-10-28 2023-07-14 武汉两仪材料有限公司 一种防渗氮涂料及其制备和应用

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7811390B2 (en) 2007-03-23 2010-10-12 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Method for producing carburized parts
DE102011050641A1 (de) 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Metallbauteils
CN105296914A (zh) * 2014-07-23 2016-02-03 丰田自动车株式会社 其中溶解并扩散有处理气体的元素的钢的制造方法

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Publication number Publication date
DE69806294T2 (de) 2003-03-13
KR100591505B1 (ko) 2006-08-30
KR19980080817A (ko) 1998-11-25
DE69806294D1 (de) 2002-08-08
JP3145330B2 (ja) 2001-03-12
JPH10273771A (ja) 1998-10-13
EP0867524A1 (en) 1998-09-30

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