EP0866906A1

EP0866906A1 - Locking device with a cylinder lock and a flat key

Info

Publication number: EP0866906A1
Application number: EP95938338A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Benno Vonlanthen
Original assignee: Berchtold AG; R Berchtold AG
Current assignee: SEA SCHLIESS-SYSTEME AG
Priority date: 1995-12-11
Filing date: 1995-12-11
Publication date: 1998-09-30
Anticipated expiration: 2015-12-11
Also published as: CZ295347B6; GR3030809T3; ES2132737T3; HU78119A; CZ178798A3; DE59505802D1; FI981320A; NO329494B1; NO982694L; JP3785465B2; DK0866906T3; US5956986A; WO1997021894A1; EP0866906B1; NO982694D0; JP2000501802A; PL327285A1; ATE179482T1; FI981320A0; PL179490B1

Abstract

Tumblers (10) run parallel to the broad side (8,9) of a key way (6) of a cylinder lock (1). The ends of the tumblers lock between a rotor (3) and a stator (4). Additional coding devices are provided on the rear of the tumblers remote from the key way. The coding devices cooperate with additional two-part locking members (20) which can be displaced at right angles to the lock axis and lock in the region of the shear line (32) between the rotor and the stator. Codings on the positioning face (29) on the rear (17) of the tumblers preferably consist of depressions (30,31) or cups or a combination of these and a plate (41) may be provided in a recess (40) on the rear of the tumbler for the codings.

Description

Locking device with a cylinder lock and a flat key

The invention relates to a locking device with a cylinder lock and a flat key, the cylinder lock having a rotor rotatable in a stator with a key channel and approximately at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the rotor, and guides with tumblers arranged parallel to the broad sides of the key channel. these tumblers are provided with drivers which protrude into the key channel and the flat key has guideways on the broad sides which engage the drivers of the tumblers when the key is inserted into the key channel, with at least part of the tumblers a recess is arranged on the back facing away from the key channel, which cooperates with an additional locking element.

Such a locking device with a cylinder lock and a flat key is known from American Patent No. 3,035,433. A key channel is arranged in the rotor of a cylinder lock and runs in the direction of the lock or rotor axis. This

Key channel is used to hold a flat key. Guideways for positioning tumblers in the cylinder lock are arranged on the broad sides of the flat key. These tumblers are stored in guides in the lock, which are perpendicular to the lock axis and run parallel to the broad sides of the key channel. The tumblers have drivers which are protrude from the channel, or protrude into it and, when the key is inserted into the key channel, engage in the guideways on the key. If the key is fully inserted into the key channel and if the guideways have the correct positioning planes for the drivers, the tumblers are completely in the rotor of the lock and the rotor can be rotated in the stator. The lock also has an additional locking element. This is arranged between the rear of the tumblers and the stator and consists of a locking rail which runs parallel to the lock axis and extends over all tumblers. This locking rail is pressed outwards by springs into a groove with opening compartments in the stator. It is displaced from the slot in the stator by turning the rotor and pushed against the back of the tumblers. In order for this shifting to be possible, a groove is machined on the back of the tumblers facing away from the key channel, which groove runs parallel to the locking rail. The depth of this groove corresponds at least to the displacement path of the locking rail when the rotor is rotated. Otherwise the rotor cannot be turned and the lock cannot be opened.

Locking rails of this known type form an additional element which secures the rotor in the stator against rotational movements. However, they do not provide any additional security against unauthorized manipulation, for example so-called picking at the lock, since the tumblers can be brought into the opening positions independently of the locking rail. During the positioning process of the tumblers, there is no interaction between the tumblers and the locking rail. Cooperation only arises when the rotor can be rotated in the stator, ie when the tumblers are correctly positioned. As soon as the tumblers are in the correct opening position, however, the displacement path for the locking rail is also released, since the groove also moves located in the correct position on the back of the tumbler.

The invention is based on the object of improving a locking device of the known type in such a way that the correct opening position of the tumblers is additionally encrypted, the additional encryption or coding being possible individually for each tumbler and for each tumbler own additional locking element is to be present, and tumblers can also be arranged in the same lock without this additional encryption or locking. Furthermore, the additional locking element is intended to hold the respective tumbler in the locked position when the key is removed and itself to effect an additional locking between the rotor and stator, and to enable the limit dimensions of the tumblers to be used.

This object is achieved by the teaching given in the characterizing part of patent claim 1. Advantageous further developments of the invention result from the features of the dependent claims.

The arrangement of an additional two-part locking element for at least a part of the tumblers and for each of the tumblers concerned results in the advantage that each additional locking element can be assigned its own, precisely definable opening position. The second embodiment also makes it possible to assign a shear surface to each additional locking element, which is formed between the two locking element parts and interacts with the shear surface between the rotor and the stator. Each of the additional locking elements is always in contact with the rear of the tumblers, on which several additional codes for locking and opening positions of the additional locking elements are formed. This formation of several different codes on the back The side of the tumblers has the advantage that the opening position of the lock is determined by two codes, namely that on the one hand on the key and on the other hand that on the back of the tumblers. A further advantage is that tumblers can also be used which only engage the stator in the limit area, ie in the extreme positions, but would allow the rotor to rotate in the other displacement areas of the tumblers. In this displacement area, however, the additional locking element prevents the rotor from turning as long as the correct coding on the back of the tumbler does not interact with the additional locking element.

A large number of blocking combinations can be generated by designing the codes on the positioning surface on the back of the tumblers in the form of depressions or crests, or a combination of depressions and crests. The crests or the boundary areas between two adjacent depressions result in tilting edges with respect to the blocking element part, which enable positioning only when the tumbler is forcibly guided. When attempting to move the tumblers freely into an opening position, the end of the locking element that bears against the tumbler always pushes the tumbler into a locking position. As a result, the locking element is also not in the open position. This process is brought about by the tilting edges and the spring loading of the locking elements acting in the direction of the tumblers. In a further combination with flat surfaces that run approximately parallel to the longitudinal axes of the tumblers, further coding advantages result.

The arrangement of a recess in the rear of the tumbler and the insertion of a plate result in advantageous two-part tumblers. The plate includes the positioning surface for the additional locking element, where with this positioning surface is provided with the desired codes. Identically shaped tumblers with the same dimensions can be equipped with different plates, which results in the desired additional combination variants of barriers. The plates are connected to the tumblers in a known manner by means of a press fit, by gluing or a similar connection method. The plates can also be standardized further by incorporating a number of holes with the same diameter into the positioning surface. These bores have counterbores with the same or different dimensions in the outlet area; and additional pins with head parts are inserted into the holes as required. The headboards form elevations and / or flat surfaces.

These diverse new combination possibilities of the tumblers according to the invention and additional blocking elements with the two independent coding possibilities result in a considerable increase in the possible blocking combinations. Unauthorized interventions in the lock or the opening of the lock without the correct key are made considerably more difficult, if not impossible. The forced engagement of the additional locking elements in the codes on the back of the tumblers fixes them in the position into which they were brought when the key was removed from the lock. As a result, the lock can be used in any installation position without the risk that the tumblers assume undesired positions within the guides. Also, they cannot be moved out of the locked positions by vibrations. Furthermore, it is also possible to combine only a part of the tumblers present in a lock with additional locking elements, which nevertheless leads to an increase in lock security and operational security. The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 shows a longitudinal section through a cylinder lock and the associated flat key in side view,

2 shows a cross section through a cylinder lock according to FIG. 1, specifically at right angles to the longitudinal axis, and through a tumbler plane, FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a two-part tumbler with knobs and

Depressions in the positioning surface, and FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a tumbler plane of a cylinder lock, the tumblers having inserted plates with rows of holes.

The locking device shown in FIG. 1 consists of a cylinder lock 1 and a flat key 2, in the example shown a flat reversible key. The cylinder lock 1 is shown in simplified form and comprises a rotor 3 which can be rotated in a stator 4 and a sleeve 5 which surrounds the entire cylinder lock 1 as a jacket. A key channel 6 with a rectangular cross section is incorporated in the rotor 3. The key bit 19 of the key 2 can be inserted into this key channel 6. Guide tracks 15, 16 are milled into the broad sides 13, 14 of the flat reversible key 2 in the form of grooves, which serve to position the locking elements in the cylinder lock 1. Since the key 2 is a reversible key, the groove 15 is at the bottom and the groove 16 is on the wide side 14, which is not visible. With respect to the central axis 33 of the key 2, there are thus formed grooves 15, or 16, diagonally opposite one another on the two broad sides 13, 14. In the example shown, five tumblers 10 are arranged in the rotor 3 on each broad side 8, 9 of the key channel 6, so that ten locking elements surrender. These tumblers 10 are mounted in guides 11 of the rotor 3 and can be displaced transversely to the longitudinal axis 7 of the lock 1. At the rear end 18 of the rotor 3 there are known elements which are not shown but which cooperate with elements which are also not shown, for example on a door lock.

2 shows the arrangement of the tumblers 10 in the cylinder lock 1. The tumblers 10 are inserted in guides 11 in the rotor 3. In the position of the rotor 3 in which the key 2 can be withdrawn from the key channel 6, the guides 11 interact with bores 34, 35 in the stator 4, and one end of the tumblers 10 engages in these bores 34 and 35, respectively on. In the position of the tumbler 10 in the rotor 3 and stator 4 shown in the left half of the lock in FIG. 2, the lock 1 is locked, ie the rotor 3 cannot be rotated in relation to the stator 4. In this position, the tumbler 10 is with the key 2 removed, which is why no key is shown in the left part of the key channel 6. To actuate the tumblers 10, drivers 12 are arranged on them, which protrude into the key channel 6. If the key bit 19 shown in FIG. 1 is inserted into the key channel 6, the drivers 12 engage in the groove 16 and a corresponding groove 15 on the back, and the tumblers 10 are moved according to the contour of the grooves 15, 16. If the grooves 15, 16 are correctly coded, with the key 2 fully inserted, all ten tumblers 10 are in the opening position, ie completely within the rotor 3. This position of the tumbler 10 is shown in the right half of FIG 2, which also shows the key 2. The rotor 3 could thus be rotated in the stator 4 if only the tumblers 10 were present as locking elements. In the embodiment of the lock 1, additional locking elements 20 are arranged between the tumblers 10 and the stator 4. These locking elements 20 are in two parts and consist of a first part 21, which is mounted in a bore 24 in the stator 4, and a second part 22, which is mounted in a bore 25 in the rotor 3. In the illustrated locking position of the lock 1, or in the position of the rotor 3 in the stator 4, in which the key 2 can be removed, the axes 26 and 27 of the two bores 24 and 25 coincide. In this position, the two bores 24 and 25 form a common guide bore in which the blocking element parts 21 and 22 can be pushed back and forth between the stator 4 and the rotor 3. The first locking element part 21 is cup-shaped and is pushed by a compression spring 36 in the direction of the tumbler 10. The second locking element part 22 has a shoulder 37 which interacts with the shoulder of the stepped bore 25. A separating surface 23 is formed between the two locking element parts 21 and 22, along which the two parts 21 and 22 can be displaced relative to one another. The opposite end 28 of the second locking element part 22 directed against the longitudinal axis 7 of the lock 1 rests on the back 17 of the tumblers 10. The rear side 17 of the tumblers 10 is the side of the tumblers 10 that faces away from the key channel 6. This rear side 17 is equipped with a positioning surface 29, into which codes in the form of depressions 30, 31 are incorporated. The end 28 is shaped in accordance with the flank shapes of the depressions 30, 31 and ends in a tip in the example shown. If the tumblers 10 are displaced in the direction of their longitudinal axes 38 or parallel to the broad sides 8, 9 of the key channel 6, the end 28 of the second locking element part 22 engages in the depressions 30, 31, respectively. The outermost recess 31 in the positioning surface 29 of the tumbler 10 is particularly deep. She holds the tumbler 10 after removing the key 2 from the lock 1 in the Locked position in which one end of the tumbler 10 engages in the bore 34 of the stator 4. In addition, the locking element 20 also locks in the bore 24, since the first locking element part 21 is displaced beyond the shear line 32 between the rotor 4 and the stator 3. The tumbler 10 shown in the right half in FIG. 2 is shown in the opening position, ie it does not engage with either end in the bore 35 on the stator 4. The tumbler 10 is held in this position by the key 2 in that the driver 12 is held and positioned by the guideway 16. The end 28 of the second locking element part 22 lies on an edge 39 between two recesses 30, which acts as a tilting edge. The separating surface 23 between the two locking element parts 21 and 22 lies on the shear line 32 between the rotor 3 and the stator 4. If all locking elements 20 of the lock 1 are in this position and no tumbler 10 engages in a bore 34, 35 of the stator 4, the rotor 3 can be rotated. Attempts to position and hold the tumbler 10 with external means and without the correct key 2 in this opening position fail because the end 28 of the locking element part 22 immediately snaps into one of the two depressions on both sides of the tilting edge 39 and the tumbler 10 in shifts a blocking position. In the locked position, one end of the tumbler 10 engages in the bore 35 on the stator 4 again. In addition, the two locking element parts 21, 22 also move against the tumbler 10, as a result of which the separating surface 23 no longer coincides with the shear line 32 and the first locking element 21 blocks the rotor 3.

The tumblers 10 in Fig. 2 are formed in two parts. A recess 40 is arranged on the rear side 17, in which a plate 41 is inserted. The connection between plate 41 and tumbler 10 is effected by a press fit, an adhesive connection or another known, suitable connection technology. In the example according to FIG. 2, the plate 41 is connected in one piece to the driver 12 and as The whole is pressed into the corresponding recess 40 of the tumblers 10. This embodiment has the advantage that the tumblers 10 can be prefabricated in the desired standard dimensions. The design of the desired coding on the rear side 17 of the tumbler 10 takes place by assembly with a correspondingly designed plate 41. It is also possible at the same time to vary the diameter of the driver 12. Another advantage is that the tumblers 10 themselves, as is known, can be made of non-ferrous metal, for example, but a hard material or hardened steel can be used for the plate 41 with the driver 12. This considerably increases the wear resistance and service life of the lock 1.

Fig. 3 shows a two-part tumbler 10 in an enlarged perspective view. In reality, the tumblers 10 are only a few millimeters long. The plate 41, which is inserted into the recess 40, has depressions 30 and 31 and crests 42 on the positioning surface 29, the latter protruding beyond the surface 29. Between the depressions 30, 31 and / or the crests 42 there are also flat surfaces 43, 44 which run approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis 38 of the tumbler 10. The correct opening position for the additional locking element 20 can be predetermined or coded on a dome 42, in a recess 30, 31, on a flat surface 43, 44, or in an intermediate position, for example on an inclined flank. This large number of additional coding options for the additional locking elements 20 increases the locking variants for a correspondingly designed lock 1 considerably. It is also obvious that unauthorized opening of the lock, for example by picking, is practically impossible, since the correct position of the additional locking elements 20 and the correct position of the tumblers 10 are superimposed on one another and the combination of openings cannot be determined. The additional locking elements 20 block in the Locking position, the rotor 3 is effective and free of play against rotary movements in the stator 4. This also enables the use of tumblers 10, which engage only minimally in the bores 34, 35 in the stator 4 in the locking position, ie have limit dimensions. Since the blocking elements 20 effectively block, ends of the tumblers 10 with limit dimensions cannot be deformed or damaged even when force is exerted on the rotor 3.

In the cross section shown in Fig. 4 by a

Lock 1, tumblers 10 'and 10' 'are shown which are equipped with a further embodiment of the plate 41. In this case, a number of holes 45 are machined into the positioning surface 29 on the plate 41, which form the codes for the end 28 of the second locking element part 22. In addition, the bores 45 are provided with countersinks 46. An additional modification of this plate 41 with bores 45 is shown on the right-hand side of FIG. 4, with pins 47 with head parts 48 being inserted into at least some of the bores. These head parts form domes with tipping edges, but can also have end faces. This embodiment enables the coding or modification of the codes on the rear side 17 of the tumblers 10 ′ or 10 ″ in a particularly simple manner, since the desired tumblers can be put together from prefabricated individual parts and as required. It can also be seen from the left half of FIG. 4 that the driver 12 can be inserted into the tumbler 10 'as a separate part. Otherwise, the lock 1 shown in FIG. 4 with the key 2 has all the properties as have already been described for FIG. 2.

Both in the embodiment of the lock according to FIG. 2 and according to FIG. 4, in addition to the tumblers 10, 10 ′ or 10 ″ shown, tumblers with differently designed positioning surfaces 29, or codes for the additional locking element 20 may be used. In the lock according to FIG. 4, for example, one or more tumblers according to FIG. 3 can be used. In any case, there are the advantages that the opening positions of the tumblers 10, 10 'or 10''are additionally encrypted, and the additional coding for each tumbler 10, 10' or 10 '' is carried out individually and can be changed individually. Each additionally coded tumbler 10, 10 'or 10''has its own additional locking element 20. This locking element 20 holds the tumbler 10, 10' or 10 '' when the key egg 2 is removed and locks the rotor 3 itself additionally against rotational movements in the stator. The installation of a lock 1 designed according to the invention is possible in any position, since the tumblers 10, 10 'or 10''are positioned and held in the end positions by the locking elements 20 and automatically no undesired positions along the guides 11 in the rotor 3 or can take in stator 4. The additional locking elements 20 can lock positive or negative between rotor 3 and stator 4. If the separating surface 23 is between the first part 21 and the second part 22 of the locking element 20 in the area of the stator 4, and thus outside the circle of the shear line 32, the locking is designated as positive. The second part 22 of the blocking element 20 projects into the stator 4. In the event of a negative blocking, the first part 21 projects into the rotor 3, and the separating surface 23 is located within the circle of the shear line 32 between the rotor 3 and the stator 4.

Another advantage of the invention is shown on the tumbler 10 ″ in the right half of FIG. 4. at

Locking systems with many different locks and keys sometimes have to use tumblers 10 ″, the end part 49 of which is too short to be able to engage the stator 4 in the end position. Such tumblers 10 ″ cannot take on a locking function when the key is removed. By means of the two-part locking element 20 however, this locking function is achieved again. When the key 2 is withdrawn from the lock 1, the tumbler 10 ″ is finally led all the way down, and the second locking element part 22 engages in the outermost recess 50. As a result, the first locking element part 21 moves inwards over the shear line 32, and the rotor 3 is locked against displacement in the stator 4. A significant improvement in lock security is thus achieved. Another advantage is that in locking systems with a larger number of differently coded locks individual locks can be selectively equipped with additional codes via the locking elements 20. This also enables an additional expansion of the locking combinations and thus an improvement in safety when using tumbler 10 ″ with short end parts 49.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Locking device with a cylinder lock (1) and a flat key (2), the cylinder lock (1) having a rotor (3) rotatable in a stator (4) with a key channel (6), and approximately at right angles to the longitudinal axis (7 ) of the rotor (3), and parallel to the broad sides (8, 9) of the key channel (6) arranged guides (11) with tumblers (10), these tumblers (10) are provided with drivers (12), which in the

Key channel (6) protrude and the flat key (2) on the broad sides (13, 14) has guideways (15, 16) which, when the key (2) is pushed into the key channel (6), with the drivers (12 ) of the tumblers (10) are engaged, and in at least some of the tumblers (10) on the rear side (17) facing away from the key channel (6) there is a recess which interacts with an additional locking element, characterized in that an additional two-part locking element (20) is provided for at least some of the tumblers (10) per tumbler (10), this two-part locking element (20) between the rear side (17) of the tumblers (10) and the Arranged stator (4), and between the two parts (21, 22) of the locking element (20) there is a separating surface (23), a first part (21) of each locking element (20) in a bore (24) in the stator (4), and a second part (22) in a bore (25) in the rotor (3) are slidably mounted, the axes (26, 27) of these two bores (24, 25) coinciding in the locked position of the lock (1), the second part (22) of each locking element (20) with the one against the longitudinal axis (7 ) of the rotor (3) directed end (28) on the back (17) of the associated tumbler (10), on the back (17) of each tumbler (10) a positioning surface (29) with several additional coding stanchions (30, 31, 42) for locking and opening positions of the additional locking elements (20) are arranged, and when the end (28) of the second part (22) of the locking element (20) is correctly positioned in the codings (30, 31, 42) on the back (17) of the respective tumblers (10), the separating surface (23) between the first and the second part (21, 22) of each locking element (20) with the shear line (32) between the rotor ( 3) and stator (4) coincide.

2. Locking device with a cylinder lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the codings in the positioning surface (29) on the back (17) of the tumblers (10) from depressions (30, 31), or from crests (42 ), or consist of a combination of depressions (30, 31) and crests (42).

3. Locking device with a cylinder lock according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a recess (40) is arranged on the rear side (17) of the tumbler (10), a plate (41) is inserted into this recess (40) , and this plate (41) comprises the positioning surface (29) with the codings (30, 31, 42).

4. Locking device with a cylinder lock according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that between the codings (30, 31, 42) on the positioning surface (29) of the tumblers (10) flat surfaces (43, 44) are arranged, and these surfaces (43, 44) run parallel to the longitudinal axis (38) of the tumbler (10).

5. Locking device with a cylinder lock according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that between two codes formed from recesses (30, 31) on the positioning surface (29) a tumbler (10) the adjacent walls of the two depressions (30, 31) are formed such that their cutting line is a tilting edge (39) for the end

(28) of the second part (22) of the locking element (20).

6. Locking device with a cylinder lock according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that several bores (45) are arranged in the positioning surface (29) on the tumbler (10, 10 ', 10' '), and these bores (45) form the codes for the second part (22) of the additional locking element (20).

7. Locking device with a cylinder lock according to claim 6, characterized in that in one or more of the bores (45) of the positioning surface

(29) pins (47) with head parts (48) are inserted, the head parts (48) of the pins (47) forming crests and / or flat surfaces on the positioning surface (29).