Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
  • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
  • H04R3/005—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for combining the signals of two or more microphones
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
  • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
  • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
  • G10K11/17813—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms
  • G10K11/17817—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms between the output signals and the error signals, i.e. secondary path
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
  • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
  • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
  • G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
  • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
  • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
  • G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
  • G10K11/17854—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter the filter being an adaptive filter
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
  • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
  • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
  • G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
  • G10K11/17881—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being an acoustic signal, e.g. recorded with a microphone
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
  • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
  • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
  • H04R1/1008—Earpieces of the supra-aural or circum-aural type
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
  • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
  • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
  • H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
  • G10K2210/10—Applications
  • G10K2210/108—Communication systems, e.g. where useful sound is kept and noise is cancelled
  • G10K2210/1081—Earphones, e.g. for telephones, ear protectors or headsets
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
  • G10K2210/10—Applications
  • G10K2210/117—Nonlinear
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
  • G10K2210/30—Means
  • G10K2210/301—Computational
  • G10K2210/3012—Algorithms
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
  • G10K2210/30—Means
  • G10K2210/301—Computational
  • G10K2210/3023—Estimation of noise, e.g. on error signals
  • G10K2210/30232—Transfer functions, e.g. impulse response
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
  • G10K2210/30—Means
  • G10K2210/301—Computational
  • G10K2210/3026—Feedback
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
  • G10K2210/30—Means
  • G10K2210/301—Computational
  • G10K2210/3027—Feedforward
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
  • G10K2210/30—Means
  • G10K2210/301—Computational
  • G10K2210/3048—Pretraining, e.g. to identify transfer functions
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
  • G10K2210/30—Means
  • G10K2210/301—Computational
  • G10K2210/3053—Speeding up computation or convergence, or decreasing the computational load
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
  • G10K2210/50—Miscellaneous
  • G10K2210/503—Diagnostics; Stability; Alarms; Failsafe
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
  • G10K2210/50—Miscellaneous
  • G10K2210/512—Wide band, e.g. non-recurring signals

Definitions

• the present invention relates to active vibration attenuation, that is to say the operation which consists in attenuating certain vibrations, by superimposing other vibrations created in phase opposition with the vibrations to be attenuated.
• the feedback loop includes an input connected to so-called “close” vibration sensor means, arranged on the frame, and an output connected to vibration actuator means arranged on the frame, near the nearby sensor means.
• the signal measured by the nearby sensor means is directly injected into the actuator means through filtering means which correct said signal in an attempt to cancel its energy.
• This retroactive technique makes it possible to obtain a vibration attenuation with a certain gain, without generating instability in a frequency band of treatment.
• this processing band corresponds to low frequencies, for example in sound vibrations at the frequency band ranging from 0 to 600 Hz.
• the anticipation technique is articulated around adaptive type filtering means whose coefficients are adapted in real time according to an algorithm chosen so as to minimize the energy of the vibrations picked up by nearby sensor means as a function of the energy of the vibrations of reference received by the remote sensor means.
• the present invention provides a solution to these problems.
• Another object of the invention is to provide active attenuation of the "hybrid" type in which the anticipation filtering is grafted onto the feedback filtering or vice versa, in order to improve the respective behavior of said anticipation and feedback filtering with a resulting attenuation greater than the algebraic sum of the attenuations of said filterings taken separately.
• the present invention relates to an active vibration attenuation device, of the type comprising:
• - Vibration actuator means arranged on the frame near the first sensor means; and filtering means comprising at least one input connected to the first sensor means and one output connected to the actuator means, the filtering means being arranged to generate active attenuation of the vibrations on the frame,
• Second vibration sensor means arranged on the frame according to a second predetermined geometric relationship born with respect to said frame;
• - summing means having a first input, a second input, and an output connected to the actuator means.
• the filtering means comprise:
• Non-adaptive type feedback filtering means having an input connected to the first sensor means and an output connected to the first input of the summing means, and capable of generating active non-adaptive attenuation of vibrations on the frame , without causing instability in a first frequency band;
• - measurement means suitable for measuring, beforehand, in the presence of the filtering means by feedback, the transfer function between the actuator means and the first sensor means;
• - adaptive type anticipation filtering means comprising a first input connected to the second sensor means, a second input connected to the first sensor means, and an output connected to the second input of the summing means;
• the filter coefficients of the anticipation filter means being adapted in real time according to an algorithm chosen to minimize the energy of the vibrations picked up by the first sensor means as a function of the energy of the vibrations captured by the second sensor means, and from the transfer function previously measured;
• the framework comprises at least one cavity delimited by an ear and passive attenuation means, the first sensor means and the actuator means being housed in said cavity while the second sensor means being arranged outside the cavity.
• the frame comprises a metal type beam, a plate, a trellis, a seat, a ventilation duct or the like.
• the first and second sensor means each comprise at least: a microphone-type sound sensor element, an accelerometer-type acceleration sensor element, a displacement sensor element, a speed sensor element, a sensor element of stress, a force-sensing element or the like.
• the first sensor means comprise two sensor elements, one being associated with the anticipation filtering means, the other being associated with the feedback filtering means.
• the actuator means comprise a source of speaker type sounds, a test body, a vibrating pot or the like.
• the feedback filtering means comprise a plurality of active analog and / or digital filters of order greater than or equal to 1, arranged to generate a transfer function making it possible to avoid instabilities in the first frequency band in the sense of Nyquist, and the transfer function of the filtering means by feedback is determined so that the phase of said transfer function does not pass through the value 0 in the first frequency band.
• the feedback filtering means are of the infinite impulse response type.
• the means of anticipation filtering are with finite impulse response, and the minimization algorithm is of the least mean square type.
• the device comprises a plurality of first sensor means, and actuator means and the device is articulated around a structure with master / slave multiprocessors, each slave proces ⁇ being responsible for controlling a single medium actuator.
• the present invention also relates to a method of hybrid active attenuation of vibrations, in particular mechanical, sound or similar vibrations, implemented by the device described above.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the active acoustic attenuation device according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 schematically represents the essential and constituent means of the device of FIG. 1 according to the invention
• FIG. 3 are curves illustrating the attenuation of sound vibrations in the presence / absence of filtering means by feedback, in a frequency band from 0 to 2500 Hz;
• FIGS. 4 and 5 are curves illustrating the attenuation of sound vibrations in the presence / absence of hybrid filtering means according to the invention, in a frequency band going from 0 to 2500 Hz;
• FIGS. 6 and 7 are curves illustrating the attenuation of sound vibrations in the presence / absence of the hybrid filtering means according to the invention, in a frequency band going from 500 Hz to 1500 Hz;
• FIG. 8 is a curve illustrating the attenuation of sound vibrations in the presence / absence of the hybrid filtering means according to the invention, in a frequency band ranging from 0 to 500 Hz;
• FIG. 11 schematically shows the structure of the multi-channel attenuation device according to the invention, in which the filtering by anticipation and by feedback is digital;
• FIG. 12 schematically represents the constituent elements of the slave processor of the device of FIG. 11;
• FIG. 13 schematically shows the structure of the multi-channel attenuation device according to the invention, in which the feedback filtering is analog;
• FIG. 14 schematically represents the assembly of the filtering by analog feedback in the device of FIG. 13.
• the frame likely to be subject to vibrations to be attenuated comprises a cavity 2 delimited by an ear 4 and attenuation means 6 of the helmet type 6.
• the helmet with retroactive filter is the one sold by the company TECHNOFIRST.
• this helmet is equipped with an active acoustic attenuation device by feedback.
• this feedback attenuation device comprises for each ear:
• pre-amplification means 9 comprising an input 7 connected to the microphone 8 and an output 11,
• - Feedback filtering means 12 comprising an inlet 14 connected to the outlet 11, and an outlet 16;
• amplification means 18 comprising an input 20 connected to the output 16, and an output 22 connected to the input of the loudspeaker 10.
• the pre-amplification means 9, the feedback filtering means 12 and the amplification means 18 here constitute a feedback loop 30 arranged in a known manner to generate active acoustic attenuation without causing instability in a band of selected frequencies.
• a noise source 40 capable of generating sound vibrations for experimental and test purposes.
• the frequency band in which the feedback filtering means are effective without causing instability in the sense of Nyquist is of the order of 0 to 600 Hz for sound vibrations (FIG. 3).
• the feedback filtering means 12 comprise a plurality of active analog filters of order greater than or equal to 1, arranged to generate a transfer function making it possible to avoid instabilities in the frequency band 0-600 Hz in the sense of Nyquist, and the transfer function of the filtering means 12 is determined so that the phase of said transfer function does not pass through the value 0 in the band 0-600 Hz.
• the headphones allow broadband processing up to 600 Hz and noise attenuations of the order of 20 dB.
• a pumping effect appears from 650 Hz which results in an increase in the noise level compared to the action of the passive attenuation means alone.
• This phenomenon is well known to those skilled in the art, and constitutes non-linearity (degradations of performance) compared to the results expected from the observation of the open loop system.
• the Applicant has posed the problem of remedying the drawbacks associated with feedback filtering.
• the solution according to the invention consists first of all in using an additional microphone 100 placed at a certain distance from the microphone 8.
• the additional microphone 100 is placed on the upper part of the means for attaching the two helmet shells. Under these conditions, the additional microphone 100 is close to the noise source 40 and thus makes it possible to recover useful information to be processed. Obviously, this remote microphone can be arranged differently.
• summing means 110 are provided at the level of the feedback loop 30. These summing means 110 have a first input 112 connected to the output 16 of the filtering means 12, a second input 114 and a output 116 connected to input 20 of amplifier means 18.
• anticipation type filtering means are grafted to the feedback loop 30 in order to improve the feedback filtering and, more precisely, in order to linearize the active attenuation in all of a frequency band wider than the 0-600 Hz band and thus improving the active attenuation gain in the widened band which can go up to 3000 Hz ( Figure 4), by total elimination of the pumping effect mentioned above.
• the anticipation filtering means 130 comprise a first input 132 connected to the additional microphone 100, a second input 134 connected to the microphone 8 and an output 136 connected to the second input 114 of the summing means 110.
• the filtering coefficients of the anticipation filtering means 130 are adapted in real time according to an algorithm chosen to minimize the energy of the vibrations picked up by the microphone 8, as a function of the energy. vibrations picked up by the microphone 100, in order to linearize the retroactive attenuation in a whole frequency band wider than the frequency band processed directly by feedback, to accelerate the convergence of the minimization algorithm, and of improvement rer robustness of anticipation filtering means.
• the anticipation filtering means include finite impulse response filters of the adaptive type 140.
• the coefficients of the filters 140 are reactuated in real time by a minimization algorithm 150.
• the minimization algorithm is of the average least squares type, also called LMS for "LEAST MEAN SQUARES".
• This linearization can be observed at least at two points, in particular at the level of the 0-600 Hz band in which the attenuation gain in the band is improved; as well as at the 600-1100 Hz band in which the reappearance of the vibrations linked to the pumping of the retroactive filtering is suppressed and in which an attenuation appears whereas this does not exist in the presence of a filtering by retroac ⁇ tion alone ( Figures 3 to 8).
• the active attenuation of the "hybrid" type obtained according to the invention results from a combination of the anticipation and feedback filtering means in which the anticipation filtering is grafted onto the feedback filtering or vice versa.
• This combination of anticipation and feedback filtering according to the invention makes it possible to improve the respective behavior of said filtering, with a resulting active attenuation greater than the algebraic sum of the individual attenuations of said filtering taken separately.
• FIG. 2 shows in detail the constituent elements of the feedback filtering means as well as the constituent elements of the filtering means by antici ⁇ pation, the latter being combined with the filtering means by feedback according to the invention.
• the anticipation filtering means 130 comprise a first acquisition module A8 associated with nearby sensor means 8 and a second acquisition module AlOO associated with remote sensor means 100.
• the A8 and AlOO acquisition modules are generally similar. However, in certain configurations, the acquisition modules may be different. Their constituent elements are identified by the suffix 8 when they are associated with the sensor means 8 and 100 when they are associated with the remote capture means 100.
• Each acquisition module includes:
• An input pre-amplifier element PE having an input connected to the associated sensor means 8 or 100 and an output;
• FAT conditioning filter specific to the chosen application, preferably of the anti-overlap type having an input connected to the output of the input preamplifier and an output;
• an analog / digital ADC converter having an input connected to the output of the conditioning filter and an output.
• Each acquisition module is connected to DSP processing means which will in particular provide the minimization algorithm described above.
• the digital processing means are of the digital signal processor PSN type.
• the DSP processor comprises an input E8 receiving the signals leaving the acquisition module A8 and an input E100 receiving the signals leaving the acquisition module AlOO.
• the DSP processor includes an output delivering a digital signal intended for a reproduction module R.
• This restitution module R comprises a digital / analog converter CNAR and a smoothing filter FLR, for example of the low pass type, the input of which receives the outgoing signal from the digital / analog converter CNAR and the output of which is connected to the second input 114 of the summing means 110.
• the DSP processor is that sold by the company TEXAS INSTRUMENT under the reference TMS 320C25.
• the feedback filtering means 12 are put into operation, as well as the noise source 40, while the anticipation filtering means are put in the pause position.
• the input pre-amplifiers PE8 and PE100 are adjusted on the filtering means in advance, so as to be in full scale of the analog / digital converters CAN8 and CAN100.
• the transfer function of the so-called secondary path between the loudspeaker 10 and the so-called control microphone 8 is then measured by an initialization method, for example by exciting the action means. by Diracs type signals, white noise, filtered reference or the like.
• the transfer function is sampled and saved in the memory of the DSP processor.
• the transfer function is sampled at the frequency of 3000 Hz on a number of 80 points.
• the gain of the amplifier 18 is adjusted so that the excitation of the loudspeaker 10 produces at the output of the preamplifier PE8, a signal level close to that adjusted during the previous step relating to the dynamic adjustment of the converters.
• the digital processing means acquire periodically, and in real time, the distant noise picked up by the remote sensor means 100. They also calculate the signal energy, representative of the sum of the energies of the signals delivered by the nearby sensor means 8.
• the anticipation filter means 150 are placed in search of optimal parameters for the best active attenuation. Knowledge of the impulse responses previously measured, of the signals coming from the near and distant sensor means in real time, allows a chosen minimization algorithm to determine, in real time, the values of the active acoustic attenuation control signal.
• the purpose of convergence here is to minimize the energy of the signals delivered by the microphone 8 arranged in the cavity to be denoised from the helmet.
• the minimization algorithm uses the mean least squares technique which is most widespread in the field of real-time applications.
• the minimization algorithm can be a frequency algorithm working on the Fourier transforms of the signals considered. It should be noted that the impulse response or the transfer function of the speaker / control microphone paths 8 takes account of the feedback filtering here.
• the instability information linked to the feedback filtering is introduced into the impulse response of the filter in advance.
• the broadband active attenuation information related to feedback filtering appears in the sampled elements of the impulse response.
• anticipation filtering does not disturb that of feedback filtering in the sense that the minimization during anticipation filtering can be stopped without altering the performance of feedback filtering.
• Figures 3 to 10B show the specific power densities measured using a microphone fixed in the ear of the experimenter in different configurations.
• the undesirable effects due to the instability of feedback filtering (rejection up to 8 dB) are eliminated by the action of the anticipation filtering device (see Figures 3, 4 and 5).
• the anticipation device makes it possible to obtain, outside the feed back processing band (o- 600 Hz), a gain in attenuation of 2 to 10 dB compared to a passive headset ( Figure 6) .
• the device described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 uses a processing of the single-channel type, articulated around the TMS 320C25 processor from TEXAS INSTRUMENT which can execute 10 million instructions per second.
• a multi-channel device comprising a plurality of sensors 8, remote sensors 100 and actuators 10.
• the processor can only work at sampling frequencies less than or equal to 1000 Hz.
• the present invention also provides a solution to these problems.
• the attenuation device is capable of managing a plurality of channels, for example twenty analog input channels capable of receiving the signals emanating from 19 close sensors individualized in 8-1 to 8-19 and a remote sensor 100.
• the device according to the invention also comprises at least sixteen output channels capable of conveying signals to sixteen actuators individualized in 10-1 to 10-16.
• Such a structure involves the processing of I (integer number of error sensor 8) times J (integer number of actuators) impulse responses, an RIJ response for each combination of actuators J and error sensors I.
• the device is articulated around a structure with multiprocessor master / slaves, each process sor slave is responsible for driving a 'one way action- coach.
• the master processor DSPM acquires all the signals emanating from the sensors 8 and 100, in particular the so-called remote reference signals as well as the so-called error control signals. It then distributes them to all the DSPE slave processors, individualized here in DSPE-1 to DSPE-16.
• Each DSPE slave processor calculates the output signal of a single actuator 10.
• the sensors 8 and the remote sensor 100 are connected to the inputs of an acquisition block BA, the output of which is connected to the master processor DSPM.
• This acquisition block BA comprises, like the acquisition modules A described with reference to FIG. 2, a pre-amplifier element PE, a conditioning filter preferably specific to the chosen application FAT and an analog / converter. digital CAN.
• the conditioning filter can be digital (anti-overlap) or analog (specific).
• a laptop type microcomputer can be provided. In this case, it is connected to the master processor and is fitted with all the control software for the entire installation.
• the digital assembly is articulated around a digital signal processor element PSN, for example that sold by the company TEXAS INSTRUMENT under the reference TMS 320C50.
• each slave processor is dedicated to the control of a single actuator.
• this is the processor associated with the actuator 10-1 and which is in relation to all the microphones 8 as well as to the remote microphone 100.
• All the signals from sensors 8 and 100 are routed via the BA acquisition block and the DSPM master processor to the DSPE-1 slave processor.
• the DSPE slave processor generally comprises the same elements as those of the single-channel device described with reference to FIG. 2. Thus, there are the restitution means R, the feedback filtering means 12 as well as the anticipation filtering 130.
• a summing element 110 receives on its two inputs the signals emanating from the two filterings to deliver on its output the attenuation signal to the actuator 10-1.
• the slave processor includes communication with the DSPM master processor.
• the feedback filtering only makes sense for a pair of transducers comprising an actuator and a sound sensor. Under these conditions, the number of filterings by digital or analog feedback is equal to:
• pairs of transducers 8 and 10 is also defined, that is to say the processing channels on which the respective feedback filtering means are applied.
• each DSPE slave processor calculates, in parallel with the anticipation filtering, the feedback filtering associated with it, in the case of a digital type feedback filtering.
• FIG. 12 In the case of an analog type feedback filtering (FIG. 12), a network of connections is provided in which are plugged in filtering modules by feedback between the pairs of transducers 8, 10 chosen.
• the frame subject to vibrations can also be a metal type beam, a plate, a trellis, a seat, a ventilation duct or the like.
• the sensor means can be sound sensor means, but also acceleration, stress, force, displacement, speed or the like.
• the actuator means can be not only a sound actuator such as a loudspeaker, but also a test body, a piezoelectric element, or the like.
• the close sensor means may comprise two sensor elements, one being associated with the anticipation filtering means, the other being associated with the feedback filtering means.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Multimedia (AREA)
• Signal Processing (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Otolaryngology (AREA)
• Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
• Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

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• 1995
  • 1995-09-27 FR FR9511327A patent/FR2739214B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1996
  • 1996-09-27 AT AT96932664T patent/ATE209813T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-09-27 US US09/043,822 patent/US6449369B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-09-27 EP EP96932664A patent/EP0852793B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-09-27 WO PCT/FR1996/001512 patent/WO1997012359A1/fr active Search and Examination
  • 1996-09-27 AU AU71360/96A patent/AU719457B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1996-09-27 DE DE69617449T patent/DE69617449T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-09-27 CA CA002231071A patent/CA2231071C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime

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