EP0848818A1 - Stain and capillary slide to detect animal and plant cells - Google Patents
Stain and capillary slide to detect animal and plant cellsInfo
- Publication number
- EP0848818A1 EP0848818A1 EP96929428A EP96929428A EP0848818A1 EP 0848818 A1 EP0848818 A1 EP 0848818A1 EP 96929428 A EP96929428 A EP 96929428A EP 96929428 A EP96929428 A EP 96929428A EP 0848818 A1 EP0848818 A1 EP 0848818A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- slide
- stain
- blood
- base
- cover
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical group CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001086 cytosolic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940093475 2-ethoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108091092356 cellular DNA Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 108091092328 cellular RNA Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical group O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KFZNPGQYVZZSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-M azure B Chemical class [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(NC)=CC=C3N=C21 KFZNPGQYVZZSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229940038773 trisodium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000013060 biological fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004820 blood count Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000915 pathological change Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036285 pathological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007447 staining method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
Definitions
- red blood cells RBCs
- WBCs white blood cells
- the numbers of each type of cell may be controlled by complex body mechanisms. Any variation from the normal range can indicate serious physiological or pathological changes within the body. Therefore, it is important to be able to determine the number of each type of cell or particle in the blood. This may be achieved by preparation of a suitable sample of the blood or other biological fluid or material of a patient or plant and then screening the sample, for example under a microscope.
- the stain may be used to stain cellular components of plants, and in this specification "plants" should be taken as inclusive of fungi, bacteria and the like present in water and other environmental samples.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
A stain is provided having an acidic or basic buffer, a membrane modifier, a staining compound and a solvent, the stain being suitable for use in preparing blood or other samples from animals or plants. The stain may be used in connection with a slide which is described as adapted to draw liquid into itself by capillary action.
Description
STAIN AND CAPILLARY SLIDE TO DETECT ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS.
The present invention relates to a stain, a slide and a method of preparation of a blood sample.
Various types of cells and particles may be found in the blood of a human or animal, for example, red blood cells (RBCs) and several forms of white blood cells (WBCs) . In a healthy individual, the numbers of each type of cell may be controlled by complex body mechanisms. Any variation from the normal range can indicate serious physiological or pathological changes within the body. Therefore, it is important to be able to determine the number of each type of cell or particle in the blood. This may be achieved by preparation of a suitable sample of the blood or other biological fluid or material of a patient or plant and then screening the sample, for example under a microscope. The stain may be used to stain cellular components of plants, and in this specification "plants" should be taken as inclusive of fungi, bacteria and the like present in water and other environmental samples.
Conventionally, a sample may be prepared by first
preparing a blood smear on a slide, allowing the smear to dry in air, then dipping the smear in a bath of methanol or the like (to fix the cells) and finally staining the smear.
Conventional stains and staining methods may involve a series of complex and time consuming steps. As a result the whole staining process may take a considerable time to complete, for example may take an hour, and the operator should be skilled and experienced in order to obtain a satisfactory result. During the smearing process, cells and particles in the blood may not be distributed evenly or may be damaged and therefore become difficult or impossible to identify during screening.
In addition, many conventional stains, when the components are mixed, may only be stable for a short time, for example 2-3 days, and if purchased in bulk may easily become contaminated if not used quickly. Further, some stains may differentiate only certain blood cell types, and/or may only be effective in staining the blood cells of certain animal species.
In view of the problems and complexities outlined above, it is not convenient for samples to be prepared by these methods on a small scale or by a person who is not specialised in such techniques, for example in a surgery or a practice. As a result, blood is often sent to remote contract laboratories for analysis. This may be costly, require relatively large samples of blood to be supplied, and involve a considerable time delay. In addition, during transportation the blood may degenerate and the particles and cells therein may become damaged.
An object of the invention is to provide a means whereby a non-skilled person may produce good quality test specimens without difficulty.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a stain for animal or plant samples comprising the following components :-
(i) An acidic or basic buffer whose tonicity can be varied depending on the nature of the material to be examined;
(ϋ) A fixative and organic membrane modifier;
(iϋ) A compound which stains nuclear and cytoplasmic components in the sample; and
(iv) A solvent.
Preferably the buffer is Citric acid, Trisodium salt, dihydrate F. . 294.1 (Formula C6H5OyNa3.2H20) .
Preferably, the membrane modifier is 2-Ethoxyethanol (Ethyleneglycolmonoethyl ether) F.W. 90.12 (Formula C2H5OCH2CH2OH) .
Preferably, the staining compound is Azure B (c.1.52010; Azure 1 Certified by BSC differentiating cellular RNA and DNA in plant tissue) F.W. 305.8. (vFormula
or a derivative of Azure B.
Preferably, the Azure B or derivative thereof has a dye content of approximately 80%.
Preferably, the solvent is deionised or distilled water.
Typically, the stain may be used to stain a sample of blood taken from a human or an animal, and may differentiate the types of cells and/or particles therein.
The stain of the present invention has the advantages of having good stability at room temperature, is able to give a good contrast between types of blood cells and intracellular structures, and may be effectively used to stain the blood of a variety of different animal species.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of staining comprising mixing a volume of liquid with a stain having the following components:
(i) An acidic or basic buffer whose tonicity can be varied depending on the nature of the material to be examined;
(ϋ) A fixative and organic membrane modifier;
(iϋ) A compound which stains nuclear and cytoplasmic components in the sample; and
(iv) A solvent;
and allowing the mixture to stand.
Preferably, the stain has the following components:
(i) Citric acid, trisodium salt, dihydrate F.W. 294.1 (Formula C6H50?Na3.2H20) ;
(ii) 2-Ethoxyethanol ( Ethyleneglycolmonoethyl ether) F.W. 90.12 (Formula C2H5OCH2CH2OH) ;
(iϋ) Azure B (c.1.52010; Azure 1 Certified by BSC differentiating cellular RNA and DNA in plant tissue) . F.W. 305.8 (Formula C15H16CIN3S) ; and
(iv) Deionised and/or distilled water;
Preferably, the Azure B has a dye content of approximately 80%.
Typically, the liquid may be blood.
The method of staining of the present invention has the advantage that it consists of a quick and simple one stage process, and can be used to stain a fresh liquid blood sample.
Typically, the blood and the stain may be mixed in the ratio 1:4 and may be mixed by gentle agitation.
Preferably, the mixture is allowed to stand for between one minute and sixty minutes at a temperature of between 15°C and 60°C.
In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a slide adapted to draw liquid into itself by capillary action.
Typically, the liquid may be a sample of stained or unstained blood.
An advantage of the slide of the present invention is that a good quality monolayer blood film may be produced without the need for smearing, since a drop of blood may simply be introduced to one end of the
capillary chamber and allowed to flow by capillary action along the length of the chamber to form a monolayer of cells. Therefore the slide of the present invention is easy to use and facilitates the quick and simple preparation of a fresh blood sample which may then be analyzed in the conventional way.
Preferably, the slide comprises a base and a cover placed together to form a capillary chamber.
A further advantage of a slide in accordance with the invention is that the capillary chamber provides for a controlled or known volume of test sample, such as blood, to be examined, thereby enabling quantative analysis. Conventional slides are useful for qualative analysis only.
Preferably the base and the cover are made of a glass and/or a plastic material. Preferably, the glass is a very flat glass, such as float glass.
Typically, the cover may be fixed to the base using an adhesive which may act as a sealant of the capillary chamber.
During manufacture, microspheres may be used to separate the cover from the base, thereby ensuring the gap between the cover and the base is of a known distance. The microspheres may be between 5 and 20 microns in diameter and made of Vinyl-Benzene and/or polystyrene. The microspheres are preferably contained in an aqueous solution, and provided that they are not soluble in the adhesive, may be mixed with the adhesive prior to application on the base or cover.
The capillary chamber may be defined by providing
grooves in the base, which act to prevent the flow of the adhesive into the chamber, which preferably is of controlled volume.
Optionally the glass or plastics base and or cover may be treated or coated to assist or retard the flow of the test sample within the slide.
Optionally the slide comprises a base made of plastics, either by an extrusion or moulding process, the base having a concave or recessed portion of known volume, and a flat or planar cover.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a method of preparation of a blood sample that comprises the steps of staining a quantity of blood and introducing the stained blood to a slide which draws the stained blood into itself by capillary action.
The method of preparation of the present invention has the advantage of being quick and easy, producing a good quality monolayer blood film, for example to facilitate blood cell counts. No special skills or techniques are necessary, and the method is convenient for use on a small scale, for example in a general practitioner's surgery. Further, only a small amount of blood is necessary, therefore reducing trauma to small animals when blood is taken.
In a final aspect, the present invention provides a kit comprising a stain having the following components:
(i) An acidic or basic buffer whose tonicity can be varied depending on the nature of the material to be examined;
(ii) fixative and organic membrane modifier;
(iii) A compound which stains nuclear and cytoplasmic components in the sample; and
(iv) A solvent,
and a slide adapted to draw liquid into itself by capillary action.
EXAMPLE
A stain according to the present invention is prepared in the following way:
Trisodium citrate (16.0g) is dissolved in distilled water and made up to 1.01 (equivalent to 50% isotonicity for mammalian red blood cells). 2-Ethoxyethanol (200ml) and Trisodium citrate solution (800ml) are mixed by stirring. (This is the primary buffer solution.) pH of buffer (unadjusted) is 8.9. Azure B (l.Og) is added to 500ml of primary buffer and made up to 1.01. (This is the working stain). The working stain is filtered under gravity through Watmans 113V wet strengthened filter paper.
A sample of blood is taken from an animal and is added to the stain in the ratio of 1 part blood to 4 parts stain. The blood and the stain are mixed by gentle agitation, and the mixture is allowed to incubate for between 1 minute and 60 minutes at a temperature of between 15°C and 60°C.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 depicts a side elevation of a preferred embodiment of a slide in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 2 is a top view the slide shown in Figure 1;
Figure 3 is an side view of an alternative embodiment of slide of Figure 3; and
Figure 4 is a top view of the slide of Figure 3.
Referring firstly to Figures 1 and 2, the slide 1 has a base 2 and a cover 3, both being manufactured from a glass material. The dimensions of the base 2 and the cover 3 are 25mm x 40mm x 1.1mm and 15mm x 5mm x 0.3- 0.6mm, respectively.
The slide 1 is also provided with microspheres 4, which act as spacers situated along the side edges of the cover 3. These spacers have a thickness of approximately 5.0μm, but in other embodiments of the invention the spacers may have a thickness of, say, between 4.0 and 25.0μm.
The cover 3 is attached to the base 2 by an adhesive 5 along the edges of the cover 3 and the sides of the spacers thus forming a capillary chamber 6. Grooves 7 are provided to prevent the flow of adhesive 5 into the capillary chamber 6.
A drop (1.0 - 5.0μl) of the stained blood (not shown), is introduced to either of the openings 8 of the capillary chamber 6.
The blood is then drawn into the capillary chamber 6 by capillary action, forming a fine layer between the
cover 3, the base 2 and the spacers. The adhesive strips 5 act as a sealant of the capillary chamber 6 to prevent leakage.
The slide 1 containing the stained blood is then analysed by any suitable method.
In Figures 3 and 4, the base 2 is made of a plastics moulding. The capillary chamber 6 is thus provided by a recess formed as part of the moulded base 2. The cover 3 may be glass or plastics. An adhesive or tape 5 is shown to fix the cover 3 to the base 2.
Claims
1. A stain for animal or plant samples comprising the following components :-
(i) An acidic or basic buffer whose tonicity can be varied depending on the nature of the material to be examined;
(ϋ) A fixative and organic membrane modifier;
(ϋi) A compound which stains nuclear and cytoplasmic components in the sample; and
(iv) A solvent.
2. A stain as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the buffer is Citric acid, Trisodium salt, dihydrate F.W. 294.1 (xFormula C,faHJn/NaJ.2HZ,0)' .
3. A stain as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the membrane modifier is 2-Ethoxyethanol (Ethyleneglycolmonoethyl ether) F.W. 90.12 (Formula C2H5OCH2CH2OH) .
4. A stain as claimed in any preceding Claim wherein the staining compound is Azure B (c.1.52010; Azure 1 Certified by BSC differentiating cellular RNA and DNA in plant tissue) F.W. 305.8. (xFormula C,CHl,£bCIN,JS)' or a derivative of Azure B.
5. A stain as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the Azure B or derivative thereof has a dye content of approximately 80%.
6. A stain as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims wherein the solvent is deionised or distilled water.
7. A stain as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims suitable to be used to stain a sample of blood taken from a human or an animal, and to differentiate the types of cells and/or particles therein.
8. A method of staining comprising mixing a volume of liquid with a stain as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims and allowing the mixture to stand.
9. A method as claimed in Claim 8 wherein the liquid is blood.
10. A method as claimed in Claim 9 wherein the blood and the stain are mixed in the ratio 1:4.
11. A method as claimed in any one of Claims 8 to 10 wherein the liquid and the stain are mixed by gentle agitation.
12. A method as claimed in any one of Claims 8 to 10 wherein the mixture is allowed to stand for between one minute and sixty minutes at a temperature of between 15°C and 60°C.
13. A slide adapted to draw liquid into itself by capillary action.
14. A slide as claimed in Claim 13 wherein the liquid is a sample of stained or unstained blood.
15. A slide as claimed in Claim 13 or 14 comprising a base and a cover placed together to form a capillary chamber.
16. A slide as claimed in Claim 15 wherein the base and the cover are made of a glass and/or a plastic material.
17. A slide as claimed in Claim 15 wherein the base and the cover are made of a very flat glass, such as float glass.
18. A slide as claimed in any one of Claims 15 to 17 wherein the cover is fixed to the base using an adhesive which may act as a sealant of the capillary chamber.
19. A slide as claimed in any one of Claims 15 to 18 wherein microspheres are used to separate the cover from the base.
20. A slide as claimed in Claim 19 wherein the microspheres may be between 5 and 20 microns in diameter and made of Vinyl-Benzene and/or polystyrene.
21. A slide as claimed in Claim 19 or 20 wherein the microspheres are contained in an aqueous solution.
22. A slide as claimed in any one of Claims 15 to 21 wherein the capillary chamber is defined by providing grooves in the base, which act to prevent the flow of the aqueous solution into the chamber.
23. A slide as claimed in any one of Claims 15 to 22 wherein the base and or cover may be treated or coated to assist or retard the flow of the test sample within the slide.
24. A slide as claimed in Claim 13 comprising a base made of plastics, either by an extrusion or moulding process, the base having a concave or recessed portion of known volume, and a flat or planar cover.
25. A method of preparation of a blood sample that comprises the steps of staining a quantity of blood as claimed in any one of Claims 9 to 12 and introducing the stained blood to a slide as claimed in any one of Claims 13 to 24.
26. A kit comprising a stain having the following components:
(i) An acidic or basic buffer whose tonicity can be varied depending on the nature of the material to be examined;
(ii) A fixative and organic membrane modifier;
(iϋ) A compound which stains nuclear and cytoplasmic components in the sample; and
(iv) A solvent,
and a slide adapted to draw liquid into itself by capillary action.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9518129.3A GB9518129D0 (en) | 1995-09-06 | 1995-09-06 | Stain and capillary slide |
| GB9518129 | 1995-09-06 | ||
| PCT/GB1996/002192 WO1997009616A1 (en) | 1995-09-06 | 1996-09-05 | Stain and capillary slide to detect animal and plant cells |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0848818A1 true EP0848818A1 (en) | 1998-06-24 |
Family
ID=10780244
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96929428A Withdrawn EP0848818A1 (en) | 1995-09-06 | 1996-09-05 | Stain and capillary slide to detect animal and plant cells |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0848818A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH11515095A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6884196A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2230889A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB9518129D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997009616A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9176121B2 (en) | 2004-02-13 | 2015-11-03 | Roche Diagnostics Hematology, Inc. | Identification of blood elements using inverted microscopy |
| US8911815B2 (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2014-12-16 | Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. | Thin film processing apparatuses for adjustable volume accommodation |
| US10746752B2 (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2020-08-18 | Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. | Opposables and automated specimen processing systems with opposables |
| US9498791B2 (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2016-11-22 | Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. | Opposables and automated specimen processing systems with opposables |
| MX2014002844A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2014-07-09 | Koninkl Philips Nv | System and kit for preparing a cytological sample for examination. |
| JP2014002046A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2014-01-09 | Murazumi Kogyo Kk | Preparation for inspection of liquid sample |
| USD728120S1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-04-28 | Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. | Arcuate member for moving liquids along a microscope slide |
| JP2019101021A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-24 | 東ソー株式会社 | Biological material retainer and method for detecting biological material |
-
1995
- 1995-09-06 GB GBGB9518129.3A patent/GB9518129D0/en active Pending
-
1996
- 1996-09-05 WO PCT/GB1996/002192 patent/WO1997009616A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-09-05 JP JP9510980A patent/JPH11515095A/en active Pending
- 1996-09-05 AU AU68841/96A patent/AU6884196A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-09-05 CA CA 2230889 patent/CA2230889A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-09-05 EP EP96929428A patent/EP0848818A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9709616A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9518129D0 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
| WO1997009616A1 (en) | 1997-03-13 |
| AU6884196A (en) | 1997-03-27 |
| JPH11515095A (en) | 1999-12-21 |
| CA2230889A1 (en) | 1997-03-13 |
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