EP0848228B1 - Ballistic high-explosive type projectile without a fuze - Google Patents

Ballistic high-explosive type projectile without a fuze Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0848228B1
EP0848228B1 EP97121301A EP97121301A EP0848228B1 EP 0848228 B1 EP0848228 B1 EP 0848228B1 EP 97121301 A EP97121301 A EP 97121301A EP 97121301 A EP97121301 A EP 97121301A EP 0848228 B1 EP0848228 B1 EP 0848228B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive
charge
shell according
shell
bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97121301A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0848228A2 (en
EP0848228A3 (en
Inventor
Manfred Dr. Schildknecht
Karl Rudolf
Hans Strauss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Stiftung and Co KG
Original Assignee
Diehl Stiftung and Co KG
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Publication of EP0848228A2 publication Critical patent/EP0848228A2/en
Publication of EP0848228A3 publication Critical patent/EP0848228A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0848228B1 publication Critical patent/EP0848228B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/201—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class
    • F42B12/204—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class for attacking structures, e.g. specific buildings or fortifications, ships or vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/208—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by a plurality of charges within a single high explosive warhead
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/10—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact without firing-pin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S102/00—Ammunition and explosives
    • Y10S102/702—Compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to detonating, ballistic explosive device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a self-igniting fire bullet is known from US-A 3,208,385.
  • On Penetration body with a through hole on the head side has a projectile side Fire charge and the breakthrough body another, a fire charge igniting upon impact.
  • the fire charge on the top is inside a storey hood arranged.
  • the projectile hood is in a projectile body side Side area supported by a ring, so that at one very flat surcharge, the fire-side fire charge is not ignited.
  • the document mentioned gives an impact-sensitive, structured secondary explosive charge is not apparent.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an explosive device without mechanical, electrical or electronic detonators with high fragmentation power too create.
  • the detonator should also be able to fire the projectile at thin targets detonate.
  • a main charge of explosives extends from the bottom of the Storey or from a tracer to the ogive area of the storey. This ensures that the entire or almost the entire floor body is splinter-effectively implemented in the detonation.
  • a sensitive to impact, the ignition-critical area is assigned to the storey goggle and is therefore outside of the projectile body.
  • the central, large-volume hole in the otherwise projectile body closed on the ogive side ensures ignition, starting from a structured secondary explosive for the main charge.
  • the bore diameter is selected so that the ignition of the main charge is guaranteed.
  • the structured secondary explosive has a large number of uniformly distributed, small cavities. This will make the secondary explosive more sensitive to shock elevated. The voids collapse on impact and cause high local pressure peaks that initiate the structured secondary explosive to lead.
  • the cavities are regularly shaped. They have the shape of a sphere, one Cylinder or an ellipsoid.
  • a penetration core on the ogive side increases the fragmentation effect of the projectile, especially in lightly armored vehicles or aircraft structures.
  • the implementation of the impact energy of the projectile on a target is carried out in all Angular ranges, both with direct service and with a very flat impact through the between the floor hood and the punch core ensures structured secondary explosives.
  • the punch core acts as an anvil for the deformed when it hits the hood Secondary explosive.
  • the anvil increases the ignition effect through reflection the shock waves generated in the explosive on impact.
  • the hood is attached to the punch core either in a simple manner through a threaded connection or a positive, detachable connection.
  • the projectile 1 provided with a propellant charge sleeve 2 consists of a projectile body 10 the circumferential a guide and sealing ring 12 and inside has a cavity 13 which extends from the bottom 15 to the area of Storey arch 14 extends.
  • the cavity 13 ends with a bore cone 16 on a punch core 18, which is integrally connected to the projectile body 10 is.
  • the punch body 18 is divided into two sections 20, 22.
  • a first section 20 on the projectile body side serves to fasten a thin-walled part
  • a second section 22 of the punch core 18 consists of a pin 30.
  • This pin 30 is predominantly conical with a cone angle 32 of 10 °.
  • the pin 30 forms a shoulder 34 in relation to the section 20.
  • the projectile hood 24 also has a cone angle 32 of 10 ° in the area 22 and therefore forms with the pin 30 an ignition-critical area 33 suitable for flat angles of incidence.
  • the pin 30 has an annular face 31 on the end face, which is rectangular to the main axis 3 of the floor 1.
  • a central bore 40 opens into this end face 31 as well as in the Bore cone 16.
  • the main charge designated as explosive charge 60 fills the Cavity 13 and the bore 40 up to the end face 31.
  • the cargo section, that extends over sections 20, 22 is called a transfer charge Designated 80.
  • the bore 40 has an end face formed by a radius 36 small inlet funnel 38 and a trumpet-shaped outlet Outlet funnel 70.
  • the outlet funnel 70 begins at about half the length of the penetration core 18 and is substantially larger than the inlet funnel 38.
  • the end face 31 is at a distance 23 from an end wall 48 of the hood 24
  • Both the cup-shaped cavity 26 formed thereby up to and including the Annulus 46 are with a commercially available, but structured secondary explosive 50 completed.
  • the secondary explosive 50 has a variety of Small cavities evenly distributed over the entire secondary explosive Spherical shape 75, see Fig. 3. Other shapes for the cavities come 4 also cylinder 76 or according to FIG. 5 ellipsoids 77 for use.
  • the mentioned forms 75-77 can also be mixed in the secondary explosive 50 his.
  • annular cross sections of the annular space 46 are so large that - starting from local ignition - the detonation of the structured explosive 50 is not stalled, but spreads on all sides.
  • a shoulder 54 for support in accordance with the radial thickness of a splinter casing 56 the same provided.
  • the splinter casing 56 consists of conventional, prefabricated splinters, such as cubes or the like.
  • the splinter casing 56 extends close to the region of the guide ring 12.
  • the explosive charge 60 fills the cavity 13 and is also due to the fragmentary charge 56 at.
  • the explosive charge 60 is opposite on the bottom side by a disk 62 made of foam supported a tracer 64.
  • the tracer 64 is in turn by a Perforated disk 66 fixed in the projectile body 10.
  • the projectile 1 When the projectile 1 hits a target not shown become the projectile hood 24 and thus the secondary explosive 50 in the front area corresponding to the distance 23 against the end face 31 of the punch core 18 compressed.
  • the cavities of the secondary explosive 50 collapse and cause high local pressure peaks, which initiate the entire secondary explosive 50 lead.
  • the detonation of the secondary explosive 50 blows up the Storey hood 24 and ignites the transfer charge 80 at the inlet funnel 38 and consequently the main charge 60.
  • the detonation of the explosive charge 60 causes the splintering of the projectile body 10 while accelerating the individual Splinter of the fragmentation charge 56 and the splintering dismantling of the projectile body 10.
  • the breakdown core 18 is separated in the with 19 designated cross section as a splitter with large mass.
  • the desired time-delayed ignition of the explosive charge 60 is due to the distances the shock waves in the charges 50, 80 guaranteed. With a side Target markup according to arrow 81 is also due to the redirection Inlet funnel 38 before a greater time delay than with a frontal impact at arrow 82.
  • the explosive charge 60 can thereby further increase the fragmentation power be increased so that the explosive charge 60 extends to the perforated disk 66, which would then be designed as a full disc.
  • the tracer 64 is omitted then.
  • the surface 94 acting as an anvil is enlarged compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • This surface 94 extends over an impact area 95 of 55 ° between an angle of impact 96 of 10 ° and an angle of impact 97 of 25 °.
  • This large area 94 improves the ignition sensitivity of the secondary explosive 50th
  • the ignitability of the projectile 1 at flat angles of incidence can also can be further increased in that the conical pin 30, 90 a suitable Has surface structure on the circumference.
  • This surface structure can be ribbed, be napped or designed in any other suitable manner.
  • the transfer charges 80, 93 can be omitted in favor of free bores 40, 92 or by other suitable explosive charges or stratified charges be replaced.
  • the main charge 60 is a commercially available explosive.
  • the structured secondary explosive 50 fills the entire cavity 26 between the bottom 48 and the paragraph 34 of the Punch core 18 from. Between the transfer charge 78 in the bore 79 of the penetration core 18 and the structured secondary explosive 50 a metal plate 67 held in the punch core 18.
  • the punch core 18 is designed as a short, single-stage cylinder 17. Part of the main explosive charge 60 forms the transfer charge 78.
  • the structured secondary explosive 50 about the shape of a truncated cone 51.
  • the decisive factor for the projectiles 71, 72 according to FIGS. 6, 7 is that the target serves a sufficiently large shock wave over the projectile hood 24 in the structured Secondary explosive 50 is introduced. This causes the cavities to collapse in the structured secondary explosive 50 and cause high local pressure peaks, which lead to the detonation of the structured secondary explosive 50.
  • the metal plate 67, 69 is disassembled with subsequent initiation the main charge 60 via the transfer charge 78 in the bore 79 or after Fig. 7 directly.
  • Fig. 8 is a floor hood 84 by a, in a floor 83 Extended diameter sleeve 85 extended. Between the sleeve 85 and one Projectile body 86 is the threaded connection 37. In the sleeve 85 is a body 87 mounted on a threaded connection 104. The body 87 has a central one Bore 88 and radial channels 89. A common explosive 101 lies in channels 89.
  • the structured secondary explosive 50 lies between the projectile hood 84 and a cone 100 of the body 87.
  • Metal plates 102, 103 close the bore 88 on the end face.
  • the projectile hood 84 forms a pyrotechnic igniter 105 with the body 87.
  • This igniter 105 is designed as a closed, screw-in and thus universally usable structural unit. It can be exchanged for conventional detonators, such as mechanical, electrical or electronic detonators, provided an interface 107 is used for explosives. The same applies to an igniter 106 according to FIG. 9.
  • this has a pipe and down pipe protection 111 in the form of a ball lock 112 with valve seat 113 and front focus 114 of the ball lock 112 in a body 110.
  • a cavity between the projectile fuse 105, 106 and the skin layer 60 designated with 115.
  • a disk 116 can also be used be provided from a stable foam that can be dismantled on the explosive side.
  • the functions of the detonators 105, 106 correspond in principle to that of the projectile 1 described function.
  • the igniter 106 has a due to the Valve seat 113 forward ignition channels 89 improve pipe and down pipe safety on.
  • the main charge 60 therefore remains in the barrel and up to approx. 2.5 m secured the muzzle of the gun barrel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf zünderloses, ballistisches Sprenggeschoss nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to detonating, ballistic explosive device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der US-A 3,208,385 ist ein selbstzündendes Brandgeschoss bekannt. Ein Durchschlagskörper mit einer kopfseitigen Durchgangsbohrung weist eine geschossseitige Brandladung und dem Durchschlagskörper vorgelagert eine weitere, bei Aufschlag zündende Brandladung auf. Die kopfseitige Brandladung ist innerhalb einer Geschosshaube angeordnet. Die Geschosshaube ist in einem geschosskopfkörperseitigen Seitenbereich durch einen Ring abgestützt, so dass bei einem sehr flachen Aufschlag eine Zündung der haubenseitigen Brandladung nicht erfolgt. Weiterhin geht aus dem genannten Dokument eine aufschlagempfindliche, strukturierte Sekundärsprengstoffladung nicht hervor.A self-igniting fire bullet is known from US-A 3,208,385. On Penetration body with a through hole on the head side has a projectile side Fire charge and the breakthrough body another, a fire charge igniting upon impact. The fire charge on the top is inside a storey hood arranged. The projectile hood is in a projectile body side Side area supported by a ring, so that at one very flat surcharge, the fire-side fire charge is not ignited. Furthermore, the document mentioned gives an impact-sensitive, structured secondary explosive charge is not apparent.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Sprenggeschoss ohne mechanischen, elektrischen oder elektronischen Zünder mit großer Splitterleistung zu schaffen. Der Zünder soll auch in der Lage sein, das Geschoss bei dünnen Zielen zur Detonation zu bringen.The invention has for its object to provide an explosive device without mechanical, electrical or electronic detonators with high fragmentation power too create. The detonator should also be able to fire the projectile at thin targets detonate.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe entsprechend den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The invention solves this problem in accordance with the characterizing features of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen. Advantageous developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.

Erfindungsgemäß erstreckt sich eine Hauptladung aus Sprengstoff vom Boden des Geschosses oder ab einer Leuchtspur bis in den Ogivenbereich des Geschosses. Damit ist gewährleistet, dass der gesamte oder nahezu der gesamte Geschosskörper bei der Detonation splitterwirksam umgesetzt wird. Ein aufschlagempfindlicher, zündkritischer Bereich ist der Geschossogive zugeordnet und liegt also außerhalb des Geschosskörpers. Die zentrale, großvolumige Bohrung im ansonst ogivenseitig geschlossenen Geschosskörper gewährleistet die Durchzündung, ausgehend von einem strukturierten Sekundärsprengstoff zur Hauptladung. Der Bohrungsdurchmesser ist so gewählt, daß die Zündung der Hauptladung gewährleistet ist.According to the invention, a main charge of explosives extends from the bottom of the Storey or from a tracer to the ogive area of the storey. This ensures that the entire or almost the entire floor body is splinter-effectively implemented in the detonation. A sensitive to impact, the ignition-critical area is assigned to the storey goggle and is therefore outside of the projectile body. The central, large-volume hole in the otherwise projectile body closed on the ogive side ensures ignition, starting from a structured secondary explosive for the main charge. The bore diameter is selected so that the ignition of the main charge is guaranteed.

Der strukturierte Sekundärsprengstoff weist eine Vielzahl von gleichmäßig verteilten, kleinen Hohlräumen auf. Damit wird die Schockempfindlichkeit des Sekundärsprengstoffs erhöht. Beim Aufschlag kollabieren die Hohlräume und bewirken hohe lokale Druckspitzen, die zur Initiierung des strukturierten Sekundärsprengstoffs führen.The structured secondary explosive has a large number of uniformly distributed, small cavities. This will make the secondary explosive more sensitive to shock elevated. The voids collapse on impact and cause high local pressure peaks that initiate the structured secondary explosive to lead.

Durch den speziell strukturierten Sekundärsprengstoff ist die Zündempfindlichkeit bei den gegebenen Aufschlagenergien im Ziel gewährleistet, insbesondere bei dünnen Zielen. Es liegt also eine detonative Zündung durch handelsüblichen Sekundärsprengstoff über eine spezielle geometrische Strukturierung vor. Auch entfällt eine mechanische Zünderbaugruppe, wie Zündnadel und Rotor oder Schieber aufgrund der Verwendung von Primärsprengstoff. Das als speziell strukturierter Sekundärsprengstoff eingesetzte Zündmittel bringt also einen maßgebenden Kostenvorteil. Es entfällt auch eine durch einschlägige Vorschriften erforderliche Sicherungseinrichtung.Due to the specially structured secondary explosive, the ignition sensitivity guaranteed at the given impact energies in the target, especially with thin ones Aim. So there is a detonative ignition by commercially available secondary explosives about a special geometric structuring. One is also omitted mechanical fuse assembly, such as a firing pin and rotor or slide due to the use of primary explosives. That as a specially structured secondary explosive Ignition means used therefore bring a significant cost advantage. There is also no safety device required by the relevant regulations.

Die Hohlräume sind regelmäßig geformt. Sie weisen die Form einer Kugel, eines Zylinders oder eines Ellipsoides auf.The cavities are regularly shaped. They have the shape of a sphere, one Cylinder or an ellipsoid.

Ein ogivenseitiger Durchschlagskern erhöht die Splitterwirkung des Geschosses, insbesondere bei leicht gepanzerten Fahrzeugen oder Flugzeugstrukturen.A penetration core on the ogive side increases the fragmentation effect of the projectile, especially in lightly armored vehicles or aircraft structures.

Die Umsetzung der Aufschlagenergie des Geschosses an einem Ziel wird in sämtlichen Winkelbereichen, also sowohl beim Direktaufschlag als auch bei einem sehr flachen Aufschlag durch den zwischen der Geschoßhaube und dem Durchschlagskern liegenden strukturierten Sekundärsprengstoff gewährleistet. Der Durchschlagskern wirkt als Amboß für den beim Aufschlag durch die Haube deformierten Sekundärsprengstoff. Der Amboß verstärkt die Zündwirkung durch Reflektion der beim Aufschlag generierten Stoßwellen im Sprengstoff. The implementation of the impact energy of the projectile on a target is carried out in all Angular ranges, both with direct service and with a very flat impact through the between the floor hood and the punch core ensures structured secondary explosives. The punch core acts as an anvil for the deformed when it hits the hood Secondary explosive. The anvil increases the ignition effect through reflection the shock waves generated in the explosive on impact.

Die Befestigung der Haube erfolgt auf einfache Weise am Durchschlagskern entweder durch eine Gewindeverbindung oder eine formschlüssige, lösbare Verbindung.The hood is attached to the punch core either in a simple manner through a threaded connection or a positive, detachable connection.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
ein Geschoß mit einer Treibladungshülse im Teillängsschnitt,
Fig. 2
einen Durchschlagskern in einer Variante zu Fig. 1 im Längsschnitt,
Fig. 3 - 5
Zündmittel zum Geschoß nach Fig. 1 in vergrößerter Darstellung,
Fig. 6, 7
Zündervarianten zum Geschoß nach Fig. 1,
Fig. 8
ein 20 mm Geschoß mit einer weiteren Zündervariante und
Fig. 9
eine Vorrohr- und Rohrsicherung in einem Sprenggeschoß.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. It shows:
Fig. 1
a projectile with a propellant charge sleeve in partial longitudinal section,
Fig. 2
a punch core in a variant of Fig. 1 in longitudinal section,
3 - 5
1 in an enlarged representation,
6, 7
Detonator variants for the projectile according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 8
a 20 mm bullet with another detonator variant and
Fig. 9
a down pipe and pipe fuse in an explosive storey.

Das mit einer Treibladungshülse 2 versehene Geschoß 1 besteht aus einem Geschoßkörper 10 der umfangsseitig einen Führungs- und Dichtungsring 12 und innen einen Hohlraum 13 aufweist, der sich vom Boden 15 bis in den Bereich der Geschoßogive 14 erstreckt. Der Hohlraum 13 endet mit einem Bohrungskonus 16 an einem Durchschlagskern 18, der einstückig mit dem Geschoßkörper 10 verbunden ist.The projectile 1 provided with a propellant charge sleeve 2 consists of a projectile body 10 the circumferential a guide and sealing ring 12 and inside has a cavity 13 which extends from the bottom 15 to the area of Storey arch 14 extends. The cavity 13 ends with a bore cone 16 on a punch core 18, which is integrally connected to the projectile body 10 is.

Der Durchschlagskörper 18 ist in zwei Abschnitte 20, 22 gegliedert. Ein erster, geschoßkörperseitiger Abschnitt 20 dient der Befestigung einer dünnwandigen Geschoßhaube 24 aus Aluminium über eine Gewindeverbindung 37. Hierbei liegt die Geschoßhaube 24 an einem Absatz 35 des Geschoßkörpers 10 an.The punch body 18 is divided into two sections 20, 22. A first section 20 on the projectile body side serves to fasten a thin-walled part Storey hood 24 made of aluminum via a threaded connection 37 the projectile hood 24 on a shoulder 35 of the projectile body 10.

Ein zweiter Abschnitt 22 des Durchschlagkerns 18 besteht aus einem Zapfen 30. Dieser Zapfen 30 ist überwiegend konisch ausgebildet mit einem Konuswinkel 32 von 10°. Der Zapfen 30 bildet zu dem Abschnitt 20 einen Absatz 34.
Die Geschoßhaube 24 weist im Bereich 22 ebenfalls den Konuswinkel 32 von 10° auf und bildet daher mit dem Zapfen 30 einen, für flache Auftreffwinkel geeigneten, zündkritischen Bereich 33.A second section 22 of the punch core 18 consists of a pin 30. This pin 30 is predominantly conical with a cone angle 32 of 10 °. The pin 30 forms a shoulder 34 in relation to the section 20.
The projectile hood 24 also has a cone angle 32 of 10 ° in the area 22 and therefore forms with the pin 30 an ignition-critical area 33 suitable for flat angles of incidence.

Der Zapfen 30 weist stirnseitig eine ringförmige Stirnfläche 31 auf, die rechtwinklig zur Hauptachse 3 des Geschosses 1 steht. The pin 30 has an annular face 31 on the end face, which is rectangular to the main axis 3 of the floor 1.

Eine zentrale Bohrung 40 mündet sowohl in diese Stirnfläche 31 als auch in den Bohrungskonus 16. Die als Sprengladung 60 bezeichnete Hauptladung füllt den Hohlraum 13 und die Bohrung 40 bis zur Stirnfläche 31 aus. Der Ladungsabschnitt, der sich über die Abschnitte 20, 22 erstreckt, wird als Übertragungsladung 80 bezeichnet. Die Bohrung 40 weist stirnseitig einen, durch einen Radius 36 gebildeten kleinen Einlauftrichter 38 und ausgangsseitig einen trompetenförmigen Auslauftrichter 70 auf. Der Auslauftrichter 70 beginnt etwa bei der halben Länge des Durchschlagkernes 18 und ist wesentlich größer als der Einlauftrichter 38.A central bore 40 opens into this end face 31 as well as in the Bore cone 16. The main charge designated as explosive charge 60 fills the Cavity 13 and the bore 40 up to the end face 31. The cargo section, that extends over sections 20, 22 is called a transfer charge Designated 80. The bore 40 has an end face formed by a radius 36 small inlet funnel 38 and a trumpet-shaped outlet Outlet funnel 70. The outlet funnel 70 begins at about half the length of the penetration core 18 and is substantially larger than the inlet funnel 38.

Die Stirnfläche 31 weist zu einer Stirnwand 48 der Haube 24 einen Abstand 23 auf Sowohl der dadurch gebildete napfförmige Hohlraum 26 bis einschließlich des Ringraumes 46 sind mit einem handelsüblichen, jedoch strukturierten Sekundärsprengstoff 50 ausgefüllt. Der Sekundärsprengstoff 50 weist eine Vielzahl von gleichmäßig über den gesamten Sekundärsprengstoff verteilte kleine Hohlräume in Kugelform 75 auf, siehe Fig. 3. Als weitere Formen für die Hohlräume kommen nach Fig. 4 auch Zylinder 76 oder nach Fig. 5 Ellipsoide 77 zur Anwendung. Die genannten Formen 75 - 77 können im Sekundärsprengstoff 50 auch gemischt angeordnet sein.The end face 31 is at a distance 23 from an end wall 48 of the hood 24 Both the cup-shaped cavity 26 formed thereby up to and including the Annulus 46 are with a commercially available, but structured secondary explosive 50 completed. The secondary explosive 50 has a variety of Small cavities evenly distributed over the entire secondary explosive Spherical shape 75, see Fig. 3. Other shapes for the cavities come 4 also cylinder 76 or according to FIG. 5 ellipsoids 77 for use. The mentioned forms 75-77 can also be mixed in the secondary explosive 50 his.

Die ringförmigen Querschnitte des Ringraumes 46 sind so groß, daß - ausgehend von einer lokalen Zündauslösung - die Detonation des strukturierten Sprengstoffs 50 nicht abgewürgt wird sondern sich allseitig ausbreitet.The annular cross sections of the annular space 46 are so large that - starting from local ignition - the detonation of the structured explosive 50 is not stalled, but spreads on all sides.

Nahe dem Durchschlagskern 18 ist in einer Innenwand 52 des Durchschlagkernes 18 entsprechend der radialen Dicke einer Splitterhülle 56 ein Absatz 54 zur Abstützung derselben vorgesehen.Near the punch core 18 is in an inner wall 52 of the punch core 18 a shoulder 54 for support in accordance with the radial thickness of a splinter casing 56 the same provided.

Die Splitterhülle 56 besteht aus üblichen, vorgefertigten Splittern, wie Kuben oder dergleichen.
Die Splitterhülle 56 erstreckt sich bis nahe an den Bereich des Führungsringes 12.The splinter casing 56 consists of conventional, prefabricated splinters, such as cubes or the like.
The splinter casing 56 extends close to the region of the guide ring 12.

Die Sprengladung 60 füllt den Hohlraum 13 aus und liegt auch an der Splitterladung 56 an. The explosive charge 60 fills the cavity 13 and is also due to the fragmentary charge 56 at.

Die Sprengladung 60 ist bodenseitig durch eine Scheibe 62 aus Schaumstoff gegenüber einer Leuchtspur 64 abgestützt. Die Leuchtspur 64 ist ihrerseits durch eine Lochscheibe 66 im Geschoßkörper 10 festgelegt.The explosive charge 60 is opposite on the bottom side by a disk 62 made of foam supported a tracer 64. The tracer 64 is in turn by a Perforated disk 66 fixed in the projectile body 10.

Bei einem frontalen Aufschlag des Geschosses 1 auf ein nicht dargestelltes Ziel werden die Geschoßhaube 24 und damit der Sekundärsprengstoff 50 im Frontbereich entsprechend dem Abstand 23 gegen die Stirnfläche 31 des Durchschlagkern 18 komprimiert. Die Hohlräume des Sekundärsprengstoffes 50 kollabieren und bewirken hohe lokale Druckspitzen, die zur Initiierung des gesamten Sekundärsprengstoffes 50 führen. Die Detonation des Sekundärsprengstoffes 50 sprengt die Geschoßhaube 24 und zündet am Einlauftrichter 38 die Übertragungsladung 80 und damit anschließend die Hauptladung 60. Die Detonation der Sprengladung 60 bewirkt die Splitterbildung des Geschoßkörpers 10 unter Beschleunigung der einzelnen Splitter der Splitterladung 56 und der splitternden Zerlegung des Geschoßkörpers 10. Gleichzeitig erfolgt die Abtrennung des Durchschlagkerns 18 in dem mit 19 bezeichneten Querschnitt als Splitter mit großer Masse.When the projectile 1 hits a target not shown become the projectile hood 24 and thus the secondary explosive 50 in the front area corresponding to the distance 23 against the end face 31 of the punch core 18 compressed. The cavities of the secondary explosive 50 collapse and cause high local pressure peaks, which initiate the entire secondary explosive 50 lead. The detonation of the secondary explosive 50 blows up the Storey hood 24 and ignites the transfer charge 80 at the inlet funnel 38 and consequently the main charge 60. The detonation of the explosive charge 60 causes the splintering of the projectile body 10 while accelerating the individual Splinter of the fragmentation charge 56 and the splintering dismantling of the projectile body 10. At the same time, the breakdown core 18 is separated in the with 19 designated cross section as a splitter with large mass.

Die erwünschte zeitverzögerte Zündung der Sprengladung 60 ist durch die Wegstrecken der Stoßwellen in den Ladungen 50, 80 gewährleistet. Bei einem seitlichen Zielaufschlag gemäß dem Pfeil 81 liegt auch aufgrund der Umlenkung am Einlauftrichter 38 eine größere Zeitverzögerung vor als bei einem Frontalaufschlag bei dem Pfeil 82.The desired time-delayed ignition of the explosive charge 60 is due to the distances the shock waves in the charges 50, 80 guaranteed. With a side Target markup according to arrow 81 is also due to the redirection Inlet funnel 38 before a greater time delay than with a frontal impact at arrow 82.

Zur weiteren Steigerung der Splitterleistung kann die Sprengladung 60 dadurch vergrößert werden, daß die Sprengladung 60 sich bis zur Lochscheibe 66 erstreckt, wobei dann diese als Vollscheibe auszubilden wäre. Die Leuchtspur 64 entfällt dann.The explosive charge 60 can thereby further increase the fragmentation power be increased so that the explosive charge 60 extends to the perforated disk 66, which would then be designed as a full disc. The tracer 64 is omitted then.

Bei einem seitlichen Aufschlag des Geschosses 1 auf ein Ziel unter einem Winkel von etwa 10° bewirkt - wie vorstehend beschrieben - der hintere zündkritische Bereich 33 die Zündung des Sekundärsprengstoffes 50 im ringförmigen Hohlraum 46. Die Kompression des Sekundärsprengstoffes 50 in dem genannten Hohlraum 46 erfolgt durch Verformung der Geschoßhaube 24, wobei der Sekundärsprengstoff 50 gegen den massiven Zapfen 30 gepreßt wird. Die Zündung der Sprengladung 60 erfolgt dann in der vorbeschriebenen Weise. When the projectile 1 hits a target at an angle of about 10 ° - as described above - causes the rear ignition-critical area 33 the ignition of the secondary explosive 50 in the annular cavity 46. The compression of the secondary explosive 50 in the cavity 46 takes place by deformation of the projectile hood 24, the secondary explosive 50 is pressed against the solid pin 30. Ignition of the explosive charge 60 then takes place in the manner described above.

Nach Fig. 2 ist ein konischer Zapfen 90 stirnseitig mit einem Kugelabschnitt 91 und mit einer zylindrischen, zentralen Bohrung 92 vorgesehen. Eine mit der Hauptladung 60 einstückige Übertragungsladung 93 füllt die Bohrung 92 aus.2 is a conical pin 90 on the end face with a spherical section 91 and provided with a cylindrical, central bore 92. One with the main cargo 60 one-piece transfer charge 93 fills the bore 92.

Die als Amboß wirkende Fläche 94 ist gegenüber der Ausführung nach Fig. 1 vergrößert. Diese Fläche 94 erstreckt sich über einen Aufschlagbereich 95 von 55° zwischen einem Aufschlagwinkel 96 von 10° und einem Aufschlagwinkel 97 von 25°. Diese große Fläche 94 verbessert die Zündempfindlichkeit des Sekundärsprengstoffes 50.The surface 94 acting as an anvil is enlarged compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 1. This surface 94 extends over an impact area 95 of 55 ° between an angle of impact 96 of 10 ° and an angle of impact 97 of 25 °. This large area 94 improves the ignition sensitivity of the secondary explosive 50th

Die Zündempfindlichkeit des Geschosses 1 bei flachen Auftreffwinkeln kann auch noch dadurch gesteigert werden, daß der konische Zapfen 30, 90 eine geeignete Oberflächenstruktur umfangsseitig aufweist. Diese Oberflächenstruktur kann gerippt, genoppt oder in sonstiger geeigneter Weise ausgebildet sein.The ignitability of the projectile 1 at flat angles of incidence can also can be further increased in that the conical pin 30, 90 a suitable Has surface structure on the circumference. This surface structure can be ribbed, be napped or designed in any other suitable manner.

Die Übertragungsladungen 80, 93 können zugunsten freien Bohrungen 40, 92 entfallen oder durch andere geeignete Sprengladungen oder auch geschichtete Ladungen ersetzt werden.The transfer charges 80, 93 can be omitted in favor of free bores 40, 92 or by other suitable explosive charges or stratified charges be replaced.

Die Hauptladung 60 ist ein handelsüblicher Sprengstoff.The main charge 60 is a commercially available explosive.

Bei einem Geschoß 71 nach Fig. 6 füllt der strukturierte Sekundärsprengstoff 50 den gesamten Hohlraum 26 zwischen dem Boden 48 und dem Absatz 34 des Durchschlagskerns 18 aus. Zwischen der Übertragungsladung 78 in der Bohrung 79 des Durchschlagskerns 18 und dem strukturierten Sekundärsprengstoff 50 liegt eine, in dem Durchschlagskern 18 gehaltene Metallplatine 67. Der Durchschlagskern 18 ist als kurzer, einstufiger Zylinder 17 ausgebildet. Ein Teil der Hauptsprengladung 60 bildet die Übertragungsladung 78.6, the structured secondary explosive 50 fills the entire cavity 26 between the bottom 48 and the paragraph 34 of the Punch core 18 from. Between the transfer charge 78 in the bore 79 of the penetration core 18 and the structured secondary explosive 50 a metal plate 67 held in the punch core 18. The punch core 18 is designed as a short, single-stage cylinder 17. Part of the main explosive charge 60 forms the transfer charge 78.

Bei einem Geschoß 72 nach Fig. 7 entfällt gegenüber der Ausführung nach Fig. 6 die Bohrung 85 für die Übertragungsladung 80, indem an dem Geschoßkörper 10 stirnseitig ein rohrförmiger Bund 68 mit einem, nahezu dem Durchmesser 61 der Hauptsprengladung 60 entsprechenden Durchmesser 63 versehen ist. Die Trennung zwischen der Hauptsprengladung 60 und dem strukturierten Sekundärsprengstoff 50 erfolgt durch eine, an dem rohrförmigen Bund 68 anliegende Metallplatine 69. In the case of a projectile 72 according to FIG. 7, this is omitted compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 6 the bore 85 for the transfer charge 80, by the projectile body 10th a tubular collar 68 with an almost the diameter 61 of the front Main explosive charge 60 corresponding diameter 63 is provided. The separation between the main explosive charge 60 and the structured secondary explosive 50 takes place by means of a metal plate 69 resting on the tubular collar 68.

Bei den Ausführungen nach den Fig. 6 und 7 weist der strukturierte Sekundärsprengstoff 50 etwa die Form eines Kegelstumpfes 51 auf.In the embodiments according to FIGS. 6 and 7, the structured secondary explosive 50 about the shape of a truncated cone 51.

Maßgebend ist bei den Geschossen 71, 72 nach den Fig. 6, 7, daß beim Zielaufschlag eine ausreichend große Stoßwelle über die Geschoßhaube 24 in den strukturierten Sekundärsprengstoff 50 eingeleitet wird. Dadurch kollabieren die Hohlräume im strukturierten Sekundärsprengstoff 50 und bewirken hohe lokale Druckspitzen, die zur Durchzündung des strukturierten Sekundärsprengstoffs 50 führen. Dabei erfolgt die Zerlegung der Metallplatine 67, 69 mit anschließender Initiierung der Hauptladung 60 über die Übertragungsladung 78 in der Bohrung 79 bzw. nach Fig. 7 direkt.The decisive factor for the projectiles 71, 72 according to FIGS. 6, 7 is that the target serves a sufficiently large shock wave over the projectile hood 24 in the structured Secondary explosive 50 is introduced. This causes the cavities to collapse in the structured secondary explosive 50 and cause high local pressure peaks, which lead to the detonation of the structured secondary explosive 50. The metal plate 67, 69 is disassembled with subsequent initiation the main charge 60 via the transfer charge 78 in the bore 79 or after Fig. 7 directly.

Nach Fig. 8 ist bei einem Geschoß 83 eine Geschoßhaube 84 durch eine, im Durchmesser abgesetzte Hülse 85 verlängert. Zwischen der Hülse 85 und einem Geschoßkörper 86 besteht die Gewindeverbindung 37. In der Hülse 85 ist ein Körper 87 über eine Gewindeverbindung 104 gelagert. Der Körper 87 weist eine zentrale Bohrung 88 und dazu radiale Kanäle 89 auf. Ein üblicher Sprengstoff 101 liegt in den Kanälen 89.According to Fig. 8 is a floor hood 84 by a, in a floor 83 Extended diameter sleeve 85 extended. Between the sleeve 85 and one Projectile body 86 is the threaded connection 37. In the sleeve 85 is a body 87 mounted on a threaded connection 104. The body 87 has a central one Bore 88 and radial channels 89. A common explosive 101 lies in channels 89.

Der strukturierte Sekundärsprengstoff 50 liegt zwischen der Geschoßhaube 84 unde einem Kegel 100 des Körpers 87. Metallplatinen 102, 103 verschließen die Bohrung 88 stirnseitig.
Die Geschoßhaube 84 bildet mit dem Körper 87 einen pyrotechnischen Zünder 105. Dieser Zünder 105 ist als geschlossene, einschraubbare und damit universell einsetzbare Baueinheit ausgeführt. Er ist gegen übliche Zünder, wie mechanische, elektrische oder elektronische Zünder unter Voraussetzung einer sprengstofftechnischen Schnittstelle 107 austauschbar. Dasselbe gilt für einen Zünder 106 nach Fig. 9. Dieser weist zusätzlich zu den bereits berschriebenen Bauteilen in einem Körper 110 eine Rohr- und Vorrohrsicherung 111 in Form einer Kugelsicherung 112 mit Ventilsitz 113 und vorderer Scharfstellung 114 der Kugelsicherung 112 auf.The structured secondary explosive 50 lies between the projectile hood 84 and a cone 100 of the body 87. Metal plates 102, 103 close the bore 88 on the end face.
The projectile hood 84 forms a pyrotechnic igniter 105 with the body 87. This igniter 105 is designed as a closed, screw-in and thus universally usable structural unit. It can be exchanged for conventional detonators, such as mechanical, electrical or electronic detonators, provided an interface 107 is used for explosives. The same applies to an igniter 106 according to FIG. 9. In addition to the components already described, this has a pipe and down pipe protection 111 in the form of a ball lock 112 with valve seat 113 and front focus 114 of the ball lock 112 in a body 110.

Ein Hohlraum zwischen dem Geschoßzünder 105, 106 und der Hautpladung 60 ist mit 115 bezeichnet. Anstelle dieses Hohlraumes 115 kann auch eine Scheibe 116 aus einem stabilen, sprengstoffseitig zerlegbaren Schaumstoff vorgesehen sein. There is a cavity between the projectile fuse 105, 106 and the skin layer 60 designated with 115. Instead of this cavity 115, a disk 116 can also be used be provided from a stable foam that can be dismantled on the explosive side.

Die Funktionen der Zünder 105, 106 entsprechend prinzipiell der zu dem Geschoß 1 beschriebenen Funktion. Zusätzlich weist der Zünder 106 eine aufgrund der zum Ventilsitz 113 nach vorne versetzten Zündkanäle 89 die Rohr- und Vorrohrsicherheit auf. Die Hauptladung 60 bleibt daher im Waffenrohr und bis ca. 2,5 m nach der Mündung des Waffenrohres gesichert.The functions of the detonators 105, 106 correspond in principle to that of the projectile 1 described function. In addition, the igniter 106 has a due to the Valve seat 113 forward ignition channels 89 improve pipe and down pipe safety on. The main charge 60 therefore remains in the barrel and up to approx. 2.5 m secured the muzzle of the gun barrel.

Claims (20)

  1. A fuse-less, ballistic high-explosive shell (1) comprising a mass (50) which detonates on impact and is disposed in the nose of the shell,
    an explosive charge (60) disposed in a cavity (13) in the shell body (10), and possibly a tracer (64),
    the mass (50) being in communication with the explosive charge (60) by way of a bore (40) passing through a piercing or penetrating body (18),
    the shell (1) including, as ignitable mass, an impact-sensitive explosive (50) disposed outside the fragmentation shell body (10), and
    the charge serving as the main charge (60) filling the majority of the cavity (13) in the shell body (10),
    characterized in that
    a structured secondary explosive (50) is disposed between a ballistic cap (24) and the shell body (10, 18),
    the shell body (10) has a finger-like penetrating core (18) at the ogive end,
    the penetrating core (18) is divided into two portions (20, 22), and one portion (22) has an annular cavity (46) for accommodating the structured secondary explosive (50).
  2. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the structured secondary explosive (50) has small, regularly formed cavities (75-77), said cavities (75-77) being spherical, cylindrical or ellipsoidal in shape.
  3. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 2,
    characterized in that
    the cavities (75-77) have dimensions of between 0.3 and 1.5 mm.
  4. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the bore (40) contains the explosive of the main explosive charge (60) or another suitable charge or does not contain a charge (60, 93).
  5. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    a first portion (20), disposed at the end of the shell body, serves for fixing a ballistic cap and
    the cross-sections of the cavity (46) and of the through bore (40, 92, 85) ensure the through-ignition of the structured secondary explosive (50) and of the explosive of the main explosive charge (60).
  6. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 5,
    characterized in that
    in respect of its second portion (22) the penetrating core (18) is mainly formed as a conical projection (30) with a cone angle (32) of 7° to 13°, the projection (30) forming a shoulder (34) with the first portion (20).
  7. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 5,
    characterized in that
    the ballistic cap (24) butts against a shoulder (35) of the shell body (10).
  8. A high-explosive shell according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the penetrating core (18), surrounded by the ballistic cap (24), is encased by the structured, bowl-shaped secondary explosive (50) which detonates on impact.
  9. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 5,
    characterized in that
    there is a space (23) between the conical projection (30) and the front wall (48) of the ballistic cap (24) and this space (23) is likewise filled with the structured secondary explosive (50).
  10. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 6,
    characterized in that,
    at its front end, the projection (30) has an annular end face 31, which is disposed at right angles to the principal axis (3) of the shell (1).
  11. A high-explosive shell according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the cone angle (32) of the conical projection (30) roughly corresponds to the conicity of the ballistic cap (24).
  12. A high-explosive shell according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the through bore (40) passes through the centre of both the projection (30) and the penetrating core (18) and thus connects the cavity (26) for the structured secondary explosive (50) with the cavity (13) for the explosive charge (60).
  13. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that,
    close to the penetrating core (18), the cavity (13) of the shell (1) has a circumferential shoulder (54), against which the front end of a fragmentation casing (56) is supported, said fragmentation casing (56) extensively lining the circumference of the cavity (13).
  14. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 4,
    characterized in that,
    at its front end, the penetrating core (18) has a spherical portion (91) with a central bore (92) passing through it.
  15. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that,
    at its front end, the central bore (40) has an inlet funnel (38) and, at the exit end, a substantially larger outlet funnel (70), or the bore (92) is cylindrical in form.
  16. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the structured secondary explosive (50) has the approximate shape of a truncated cone (51) and completely fills the ballistic cap (24).
  17. A high-explosive shell according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the penetrating core (18) is formed as a short, single-stage cylinder (17) with a short bore (79) filled with the explosive of the main charge (60), this partial charge being a propagation charge (78).
  18. A high-explosive shell according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the shell body (10) has a tubular band (68) which is provided with the screw-threaded connection (37) and has a large internal diameter (63).
  19. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the ballistic cap (84) is lengthened by a sleeve (85) of reduced diameter,
    the screw-threaded connection (37) is disposed between the sleeve (85) and the shell body (86),
    a body (87, 110) is mounted in the sleeve (85) by way of releasable fixing means (104), and
    the body (87, 110) has at least one bore (88) for propagation of ignition.
  20. A high-explosive shell according to Claim 19,
    characterized in that,
    with the body (110), means (111) ensuring bore safety and safety in front of the bore is provided in the form of a spherical safety device (112).
EP97121301A 1996-12-10 1997-12-04 Ballistic high-explosive type projectile without a fuze Expired - Lifetime EP0848228B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19651170 1996-12-10
DE19651170A DE19651170A1 (en) 1996-12-10 1996-12-10 Detonatorless, ballistic explosive device

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0848228A2 EP0848228A2 (en) 1998-06-17
EP0848228A3 EP0848228A3 (en) 2000-04-26
EP0848228B1 true EP0848228B1 (en) 2003-09-24

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US (1) US5945629A (en)
EP (1) EP0848228B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19651170A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2208808T3 (en)
NO (1) NO316339B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59710780D1 (en) 2003-10-30
NO975553L (en) 1998-06-11
DE19651170A1 (en) 1998-06-18
EP0848228A2 (en) 1998-06-17
US5945629A (en) 1999-08-31
ES2208808T3 (en) 2004-06-16
NO316339B1 (en) 2004-01-12
EP0848228A3 (en) 2000-04-26
NO975553D0 (en) 1997-12-02

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