EP0839073B1 - Verfahren zur mehrschichtlackierung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur mehrschichtlackierung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0839073B1 EP0839073B1 EP96919803A EP96919803A EP0839073B1 EP 0839073 B1 EP0839073 B1 EP 0839073B1 EP 96919803 A EP96919803 A EP 96919803A EP 96919803 A EP96919803 A EP 96919803A EP 0839073 B1 EP0839073 B1 EP 0839073B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- coating layer
- layer
- lacquer
- stoved
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000007591 painting process Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000012799 electrically-conductive coating Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 35
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 for example Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019646 color tone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010382 chemical cross-linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ARZLUCYKIWYSHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethoxymethanol Chemical compound OCOCO ARZLUCYKIWYSHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001034 iron oxide pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001652 electrophoretic deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium group Chemical group [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
- B05D7/576—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat each layer being cured, at least partially, separately
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
- B05D7/577—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat some layers being coated "wet-on-wet", the others not
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a multilayer coating of conductive, in particular metallic substrates, which is particularly suitable for automotive coating.
- Today's high-quality automotive OEM coatings generally consist of an electrophoretically applied primer that protects against corrosion and subsequently spray-applied subsequent layers consisting of a filler layer and a subsequently applied decorative coating of color and / or effect base coat and a protective clear coat that seals the surface.
- the total layer thickness of such automotive coatings is in practice between 90 and 130 microns, which is the sum of 15 to 25 microns for the primer, 30 to 40 microns for the filler, 10 to 25 microns for the basecoat and 30 to 40 microns for the Clear coat results.
- These layer thicknesses are considerably exceeded if paintwork with a particularly good visual appearance, ie with an outstanding gloss and topcoat level, for example when painting motor vehicles of the luxury and luxury class, is to be achieved.
- DE-A-42 15 070 and DE-A-38 39 905 describe the application of several layers of clear lacquer to one basecoat layer.
- US Pat. No. 5,203,975 describes a process for electrocoating, in which an electrically conductive coating medium is cathodically deposited on an electrically conductive substrate, baked and again provided with further electrically conductive coatings.
- the object of the invention is to provide multi-layer coatings, in particular motor vehicle coatings, which meet the requirements of an outstanding gloss and topcoat level without exceeding the normal level of the total layer thicknesses of motor vehicle coatings and without having to accept disadvantages in the overall property level.
- a method for producing a multi-layer coating in which on a electrically conductive substrate a first coating layer made of an electrophoretic separable aqueous coating agent (I) which results in a baked state leads electrically conductive coating layer, applied electrophoretically and is then baked, whereupon further coating layers are applied , which is characterized in that after the branding of the first Coating layer an electrically insulating second coating layer of one of (I) various electrophoretically depositable aqueous coating media (II) is electrophoretically deposited and baked, followed by the third Coating layer a basecoat layer of a color and / or effect Coating agent is applied and with a fourth, transparent coating layer overcoated with a clear lacquer coating and baked together with it , whereupon one or more further transparent Coating layers are applied, the total dry layer thickness of the Lacquer buildup between 90 and 130 microns, preferably less than 110 microns and the Dry layer thickness of the
- the electrophoretically separable however, different coating agents (I) and (II) known per se anodically or cathodically separable electrocoat materials (ETL) are used are used to create the first and second coating layers, that the electrophoretically depositable coating agent (I) contains components that the first coating layer in the baked state one for electrophoretic Depositing another coating layer from one of (I) various electrophoretically depositable coating agents (II) provide sufficiently low resistivity.
- ETL cathodically separable electrocoat materials
- the coating agents (I) and (II) are aqueous Coating agent with a solid of, for example, 10 to 20% by weight. %.
- This consists of conventional binders, with at least a part the binder ionic and / or convertible into ionic groups Substituents and possibly capable of chemical crosslinking Groups carries, as well as any existing crosslinkers, electrically conductive components, fillers, pigments and paint Additives.
- the ionic groups or groups of the binders which can be converted into ionic groups can be anionic or groups which can be converted into anionic groups, acidic groups such as -COOH, -SO 3 H and / or -PO 3 H 2 and the corresponding anionic groups neutralized with bases. They can also be cationic or convertible into cationic groups, for example basic groups, preferably nitrogen-containing basic groups; these groups can be quaternized or they are converted into ionic groups using a conventional neutralizing agent, for example an organic monocarboxylic acid, such as, for example, formic acid or acetic acid. Examples are amino, ammonium, for example quaternary ammonium, phosphonium and / or sulfonium groups.
- the usual anionic group-containing anodically depositable electrocoat binders and paints can be used to produce the first and / or second coating layer.
- ATL anionic group-containing anodically depositable electrocoat binders and paints
- examples are those as described in DE-A-28 24 418. These are, for example, binders based on polyesters, epoxy resin esters, (meth) acrylic copolymer resins, maleate oils or polybutadiene oils with a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of, for example, 300-10000 and an acid number of 35-300 mg KOH / g.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the binders carry -COOH, -SO 3 H and / or -PO 3 H 2 groups.
- the binders can be self-crosslinking or externally crosslinking.
- the lacquers can therefore also contain customary crosslinking agents, for example triazine resins, crosslinking agents which contain groups capable of transesterification or blocked polyisocyanates.
- the first and / or second coating layers are the usual cathodic ones Electrophoretic coatings (KTL) based on cationic or basic Binder.
- KTL Electrophoretic coatings
- Such basic resins are, for example, primary, resins containing secondary and / or tertiary amino groups, the Amine numbers e.g. are 20 to 250 mg KOH / g.
- the weight average of the Molar mass (Mw) of the base resins is preferably 300 to 10,000.
- base resins examples include amino (meth) acrylate resins, Amino epoxy resins, amino epoxy resins with terminal double bonds, Amino epoxy resins with primary OH groups, aminopolyurethane resins, amino group-containing polybutadiene resins or modified epoxy resin-carbon dioxide-amine reaction products. These base resins can be self-crosslinking or they are used with known crosslinkers Mixture used. Examples of such crosslinkers are Aminoplast resins, blocked polyisocyanates, crosslinkers with terminal Double bonds, polyepoxide compounds or crosslinkers Contain transesterifiable groups.
- non-yellowing CTL systems are preferred used a yellowing or discoloration of those produced by the process according to the invention Avoid multi-layer painting when baking. For example it is blocked by means of specially selected KTL systems crosslinking polyisocyanates, such as in EP-A-0 265,363.
- the electrocoat (ETL) coating agent (I) contains components that impart electrical conductivity. They should give the first coating layer in the baked state a resistivity which is sufficiently low for the electrophoretic deposition of a further coating layer from the electrophoretically depositable coating agent (II), for example between 10 3 and 10 8 Ohm.cm.
- Such constituents are particulate inorganic or organic electrical conductors or semiconductors, such as, for example, iron oxide black, graphite, carbon black, metal powder, for example made of aluminum, copper or stainless steel, molybdenum disulfide or polymers with electrical conductivity, such as, for example, preferably polyaniline.
- electrodeposition paints containing such constituents, which can be used according to the invention, can be found in US Pat.
- ETL coating agent (I) Coating layer in the baked state
- electrical conductivity components that confer the ETL coating agents (I) and (II) Contain pigments, fillers and / or additives common in paint As Pigments come for example the usual inorganic and / or organic colored pigments and / or fillers in question. examples are Titanium dioxide, iron oxide pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, Quinacridone pigments, kaolin, talc, silicon dioxide or as Black pigments coarse coal, due to incomplete combustion Particulate carbon black produced by catalytic or thermal Decomposition of liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons coarse soot obtained.
- the pigments can be dispersed into pigment pastes, e.g. under Use of known paste resins. Such resins are known to the person skilled in the art common. Examples of paste resins that can be used in KTL baths are in EP-A-0 183 025 and EP-A-0 469 497.
- additives are known for ETL coating agents.
- examples include wetting agents, Neutralizing agents, leveling agents, catalysts, Corrosion inhibitors, anti-foaming agents, solvents, in particular however, light protection agents if necessary in combination with Antioxidants.
- ETL coating agent (I) a KTL coating agent and as an ETL coating agent (II) an ATL coating agent to use.
- the third Coating layer known per se color and / or effect Basecoat coating agent used as for the production of Basecoat / clearcoat two-coat coatings are used and in large numbers are known for example from the patent literature.
- the third coating layer usable basecoats can be physically drying or under Formation of covalent bonds can be cross-linked.
- under Basecoats that crosslink covalent bonds can develop are self- or third-party networking systems.
- the color and / or Effect basecoats are liquid coating agents. It can be act single- or multi-component coating agents, are single-component prefers. It can be systems based on organic solvents act or are preferably waterborne basecoats whose Binder systems in a suitable manner, e.g. anionic, cationic or are non-ionic, stabilized.
- the third Coating layer usable basecoat coating agents to conventional paint systems contain film-forming binders. You can, if the base resins are not self-crosslinking or self-drying, if necessary also Crosslinker included. Both the base resin component and the Crosslinker components are not subject to any restrictions.
- Film-forming binders can, for example, be polyester, Polyurethane and / or (meth) acrylic copolymer resins can be used.
- polyurethane resins are preferred contain, particularly preferably at least in a proportion of 15% by weight, based on the solid resin content of the waterborne basecoat.
- any crosslinker contained is not critical, it is directed according to the functionality of the base resins, i.e. the crosslinkers will be like this selected to be one of the functionality of the base resins have complementary, reactive functionality.
- Examples of such Complementary functionalities between base resin and crosslinker are: Hydroxyl / methylol ether, hydroxyl / free isocyanate, hydroxyl / blocked Isocyanate, carboxyl / epoxy. If compatible with one another, can also several such complementary functionalities in one basecoat coexist. The possibly in the basecoats Crosslinkers used can be present individually or in a mixture.
- Contain the basecoats used in the process according to the invention in addition to the usual physically drying and / or chemically crosslinking binders inorganic and / or organic colored pigments and / or effect pigments e.g. Titanium dioxide, iron oxide pigments, carbon black, Azo pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, quinacridone pigments, Metal pigments, e.g. made of titanium, aluminum or copper, Interference pigments, e.g. titanium dioxide coated aluminum, coated mica, graphite effect pigments, flaky Iron oxide, platelet-shaped copper pthalocyanine pigments and Effect pigments that have a strong color flop, especially on dark ones Develop substrates.
- inorganic and / or organic colored pigments and / or effect pigments e.g. Titanium dioxide, iron oxide pigments, carbon black, Azo pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, quinacridone pigments, Metal pigments, e.g. made of titanium, aluminum or copper, Interference pigments, e.g.
- effect pigments are described in EP-A-0 358 208, EP-A-0 383 376, EP-A-0 601 483, EP-A-0 686 674, EP-A-0 688 833, US 4,434,010, WO 95 17 480, WO 95 32 247, WO 95 32 248. Preference is given to containing effect pigments of this type Basecoats on dark, particularly preferably on black two-coat Multicoat paint systems produced by electrocoating applied.
- the basecoats can also contain customary paint additives, such as e.g. Fillers, catalysts, leveling agents, anti-cratering agents or in particular light stabilizers, if appropriate in combination with Antioxidants.
- customary paint additives such as e.g. Fillers, catalysts, leveling agents, anti-cratering agents or in particular light stabilizers, if appropriate in combination with Antioxidants.
- solvent-based basecoat systems which in Processes according to the invention can be found in DE-A-37 15 254, DE-A-39 13 001, DE-A-41 15 948, DE-A-42 18 106, EP-A-0 289 997 and WO-91 00 895.
- Waterborne basecoat systems can be found in DE-A-29 26 584, DE-A-36 28 124, DE-A-38 41 540, DE-A-39 03 804, DE-A-39 15 459, DE-A-40 01 841, DE-A-40 09 857, DE-A-40 11 633, DE-A-41 07 136, DE-A-41 22 266, EP-A-0 089 497, EP-A-0 226 171, EP-A-0 228 003, EP-A-0 287 144, EP-A-0 297 576, EP-A-0 301 300, EP-A-0 353 797, EP-A-0 354 261, EP-A-0 401 565, EP-A-0 424 705, EP-A-0 512 524 and EP-A-0 584 818.
- a clear coat for the generation of the fourth and any additional coating layers are in principle all usual clear coats or transparent colored or colorless pigmented Coating agent suitable. It can be one or act multi-component clear lacquer coating agents. You can be solvent-free (liquid or as a powder clear coat), or it can are systems based on solvents or are are water-thinnable clear coats, whose binder systems in suitably, e.g. anionic, cationic or non-ionic, are stabilized. With the water-borne clear lacquer systems it can are water-soluble or water-dispersed systems, act, for example, emulsion systems or powder slurry systems. The Clear lacquer coating agents harden during baking under training covalent bonds due to chemical cross-linking.
- the clear lacquers which can be used in the process according to the invention are concerned it is usual clearcoat coating agents, the one or more usual Contain base resins as film-forming binders. You can if the base resins are not self-crosslinking, if necessary also Crosslinker included. Both the base resin component and the Crosslinker components are not subject to any restrictions.
- Film-forming binders (base resins) can, for example, be polyester, Polyurethane and / or (meth) acrylic copolymer resins can be used. The Selection of any crosslinker that is included is not critical to them depends on the functionality of the base resins, i.e. the crosslinker are selected so that they are one for the functionality of the base resins have complementary, reactive functionality.
- Complementary functionalities between base resin and crosslinker are: Carboxyl / epoxy, directly bound to carbon or silicon Hydroxyl / methylol ether, directly bound to carbon or silicon Hydroxyl / free isocyanate, directly on carbon or silicon bound hydroxyl / blocked isocyanate, (meth) acryloyl / CH-acidic Group.
- are directly bound to silicon Hydroxyl groups also latent silanol groups, e.g. Alkoxysilane groups to understand. If compatible with each other, can also combine several such complementary functionalities in one Clear varnish side by side.
- the possibly in the clear coats Crosslinkers used can be present individually or in a mixture.
- Examples of one (1K) and two-component (2K) non-aqueous Clear lacquer systems used as clear lacquer in the process according to the invention can be used can be found in DE-A-38 26 693, DE-A-40 17 075, DE-A-41 24 167, DE-A-41 33 704, DE-A-42 04 518, DE-A-42 04 611, EP-A-0 257 513, EP-A-0 408 858, EP-A-0 523 267, EP-A-0 557 822, WO-92 11 327.
- Examples of one (1K) or two-component (2K) Water-clear lacquer systems used as clear lacquer in the process according to the invention can be used can be found in DE-A-39 10 829, DE-A-40 09 931, DE-A-40 09 932, DE-A-41 01 696, DE-A-41 32 430, DE-A-41 34 290, DE-A-42 03 510, EP-A-0 365 098, EP-A-0 365 775, EP-A-0 496 079, EP-A-0 546 640.
- Powder clearcoat systems can be found in EP-A-0 509 392, EP-A-0 509 393, EP-A-0 522 648, EP-A-0 544 206, EP-A-0 555 705, DE-A-42 22 194, DE-A-42 27 580.
- the transparent coating can be in a single layer or in shape of multiple layers from the same or from several different transparent coating agents can be applied.
- a substrate for the method according to the invention are electrical conductive materials, such as metals. Particularly suitable are e.g. Automobile bodies or parts of them, them can be made of pretreated or untreated metal or electrical conductive or provided with an electrically conductive layer Plastic.
- the first coating layer is applied to these substrates from the aqueous coating agent (I) electrophoretically in a conventional manner in a dry layer thickness of, for example, 5 to 15 ⁇ m deposited and for example at temperatures between 130 and 180 ° C. branded.
- the second coating layer made of a second coating agent (II) different from (I) different from (I) and having a dry layer thickness of 5 to, for example, is coated on the ETL layer thus obtained, which has a specific resistance of in particular 10 3 to 10 8 Ohm.cm. 35 microns, preferably between 10 to 25 microns, applied and also baked, for example, at temperatures between 130 and 180 ° C.
- the second coating layer generally has practically no electrical conductivity, ie it has a specific resistance of more than 10 9 ohm.cm in the baked state.
- the one obtained by electrodeposition from the coating agent (I) Coating serves in particular to protect against chemical and corrosive attack, so it is advantageous to try the whole Surface of a three-dimensional substrate, for example one To coat the body.
- a possible double coating is corresponding for example a full-surface first coating Electrocoating from the coating agent (I) and a coating from the coating agent (II), for example, by electrocoating essentially only on outer areas, especially visible ones Areas of a three-dimensional substrate, i.e. for example not in tight cavities of a body.
- the third coating layer is then sprayed on the color and / or effect basecoat in one of the color dependent dry film thickness of 10 to 25 microns, for example Compressed air spraying, airless spraying or ESTA high-speed spraying.
- the fourth coating layer is made from a conventional liquid or powder clearcoat (in this case it is a dry-on-wet application) upset and together with the third Coating layer for example at temperatures from 80 to 160 ° C branded. If necessary, further layers of clear lacquer from the the same or different clear lacquer coating agents applied become. According to the invention, work is carried out so that the layer thickness of the transparent coating layer or the total layer thickness of the transparent coating layers between 40 and 80 microns, preferred is between 50 and 60 ⁇ m.
- the powder topcoat is a powder clearcoat binder / crosslinking system known per se based, such as above already described in connection with powder clearcoats.
- the Powder topcoat contains color and / or effect pigments like them are described above for the basecoats, for example.
- the method according to the invention allows the production of Multi-layer paintwork, in particular of automotive paintwork with comparable to the prior art Overall property level as well as improved gloss and top coat level. It has been shown that excellent properties through the Procedure according to the invention can be achieved, although the Eliminate the usual spray filler layers. Despite high Layer thickness when applying clear lacquer are the total layer thicknesses after the multi-layer coatings produced by the process according to the invention very low. They are in particular 90 to 130 ⁇ m.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Production Of Multi-Layered Print Wiring Board (AREA)
Description
Heutige, hochwertige Kraftfahrzeugserienlackierungen bestehen im allgemeinen aus einer elektrophoretisch aufgebrachten vor Korrosion schützenden Grundierung und nachfolgend durch Spritzlackierung aufgebrachten Folgeschichten bestehend aus einer Füllerschicht und einer anschließend aufgebrachten dekorativen Zwecken dienenden Lackierung aus farb- und/oder effektgebender Basislackschicht und einer die Oberfläche versiegelnden schützenden Klarlackschicht.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Bereitstellung von Mehrschichtlackierungen, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeuglackierungen, die den Anforderungen eines herausragenden Glanzes und Decklackstandes genügen, ohne das normale Maß der Gesamtschichtdicken von Kraftfahrzeuglackierungen zu überschreiten und ohne dabei Nachteile im Gesamteigenschaftsniveau hinnehmen zu müssen.
Beispiele für derartige Bestandteile enthaltende Elektrotauchlacke, die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzt werden können, findet man in US 3 674 671, GB 2 129 807, EP-A-0 409 821 und EP-A-0 426 327. Die elektrische Leitfähigkeit verleihenden Bestandteile sind in dem ETL-Überzugsmittel (I) in einer derartigen Menge enthalten, daß der gewünschte spezifische Widerstand der daraus abgeschiedenen Überzugsschicht im eingebrannten Zustand erreicht wird. Bezogen auf den Festkörpergehalt des ETL-Überzugsmittels (I) beträgt der Anteil des oder der elektrische Leitfähigkeit verleihenden Bestandteile beispielsweise zwischen 1 und 30 Gew. -%. Der Anteil kann vom Fachmann leicht ermittelt werden; er ist beispielsweise abhängig vom spezifischen Gewicht, der spezifischen elektrischen Leitfähigkeit und der Teilchengröße der eingesetzten elektrische Leitfähigkeit verleihenden Bestandteile. Es können ein oder mehrere dieser Bestandteile in Kombination vorliegen.
Claims (5)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Mehrschichtlackierung, bei dem auf einem elektrisch leitfähigen Substrat eine erste Überzugsschicht aus einem elektrophoretisch abscheidbaren wäßrigen Überzugsmittel (I), das zu einer im eingebrannten Zustand elektrisch leitfähigen Überzugsschicht führt, elektrophoretisch aufgetragen und anschließend eingebrannt wird, worauf weitere Überzugsschichten aufgebracht werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man nach dem Einbrennen der ersten Überzugsschicht eine elektrisch isolierende zweite Überzugsschicht aus einem von (I) verschiedenen elektrophoretisch abscheidbaren wäßrigen Überzugsmittel (II) elektrophoretisch abgeschieden und eingebrannt wird, worauf als dritte Überzugsschicht eine Basislackschicht aus einem farb- und/oder effektgebenden Überzugsmittel aufgetragen und mit einer vierten, transparenten Überzugsschicht aus einem Klarlacküberzugsmittel überlackiert und mit dieser gemeinsam eingebrannt wird, worauf gegebenenfalls eine oder mehrere weitere transparente Überzugsschichten aufgetragen werden, wobei die Gesamttrockenschichtdicke des Lackaufbaus bei 90 bis 130 µm und die Trockenschichtdicke der transparenten Überzugsschicht bzw. der transparenten Überzugsschichten bei 40 bis 80 µm liegt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es zur Lackierung von Kraftfahrzeugen oder Kraftfahrzeugteilen durchgeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, däß zur Herstellung der zweiten Überzugsschicht ein Elektrotauchlack verwendet wird, der einen Farbton aufweist, der dem zur Erzeugung der dritten Überzugsschicht verwendeten Überzugsmittel nahekommt oder gleich ist.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trockenschichtdicke der ersten Überzugsschicht 5 bis 15 µm, die der zweiten Überzugsschicht 5 bis 35 µm und die der dritten Überzugsschicht 10 bis 25 µm beträgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Klarlackschicht oder die Klarlackschichten unter Verwendung eines Pulverlacks hergestellt werden.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19519665 | 1995-05-30 | ||
DE19519665A DE19519665C1 (de) | 1995-05-30 | 1995-05-30 | Verfahren zur Mehrschichtlackierung |
PCT/EP1996/002234 WO1996038235A1 (de) | 1995-05-30 | 1996-05-24 | Verfahren zur mehrschichtlackierung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0839073A1 EP0839073A1 (de) | 1998-05-06 |
EP0839073B1 true EP0839073B1 (de) | 1999-09-22 |
Family
ID=7763138
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96919803A Expired - Lifetime EP0839073B1 (de) | 1995-05-30 | 1996-05-24 | Verfahren zur mehrschichtlackierung |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5882734A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0839073B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH11505767A (de) |
KR (1) | KR100394579B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE184814T1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9608598A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2222803A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19519665C1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2140864T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996038235A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA964394B (de) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE19525375A1 (de) * | 1995-07-12 | 1997-01-16 | Herberts Gmbh | Überzugsmittel, deren Verwendung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mehrschichtüberzügen |
DE19643082C2 (de) * | 1995-10-18 | 2003-10-30 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren zum Innen- und Außenbeschichten einer Karosserie mit Hohlräumen |
DE19633173C1 (de) * | 1996-08-17 | 1997-10-02 | Herberts Gmbh | Verfahren zur Mehrschichtlackierung |
DE19648517A1 (de) * | 1996-11-23 | 1998-06-04 | Herberts & Co Gmbh | Verfahren zur Mehrschichtlackierung |
DE19733312A1 (de) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-02-04 | Herberts Gmbh | Verfahren zur Aufbringung eines schützenden und dekorativen Schichtenverbundes |
US6248225B1 (en) | 1998-05-26 | 2001-06-19 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Process for forming a two-coat electrodeposited composite coating the composite coating and chip resistant electrodeposited coating composition |
US6423425B1 (en) | 1998-05-26 | 2002-07-23 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Article having a chip-resistant electrodeposited coating and a process for forming an electrodeposited coating |
US20020056641A1 (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2002-05-16 | December Timothy S. | Cured multilayer coating providing improved edge corrosion resistance to a substrate and a method of making same |
US6368719B1 (en) | 2000-06-12 | 2002-04-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for preparing multi-layer coatings on automotive bodies or automotive body parts |
US6676820B2 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2004-01-13 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Process for electrocoating metal blanks and coiled metal substrates |
US6508922B2 (en) | 2001-05-10 | 2003-01-21 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for multi-layer coating |
US20040118695A1 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-06-24 | Ding-Yu Chung | Two-coat electrocoating process |
US20050250415A1 (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2005-11-10 | Barthold Mark J | Toy and card package |
US20050250416A1 (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2005-11-10 | Barthold Mark J | Toy and card package |
US20060079149A1 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-13 | Nathan Proch | Cut-out logo display |
US20060078684A1 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-13 | Neo Tian B | Paint process for toys |
US20060079150A1 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-13 | Miva Filoseta | Toy for collecting and dispersing toy vehicles |
US20060076735A1 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-13 | Nathan Proch | Wheel having a translucent aspect |
US7959981B2 (en) * | 2007-08-27 | 2011-06-14 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Process for depositing multiple coatings layers on a substrate |
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US3674671A (en) * | 1969-02-26 | 1972-07-04 | Textron Inc | Electrodeposition method and product |
JPS5814266B2 (ja) * | 1975-12-19 | 1983-03-18 | 三井東圧化学株式会社 | メタリツクチヨウトマクノケイセイホウホウ |
JPS5951958A (ja) * | 1982-09-18 | 1984-03-26 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | カチオン型電着塗料組成物 |
DE3447257A1 (de) * | 1984-12-22 | 1986-06-26 | Basf Farben + Fasern Ag, 2000 Hamburg | Verfahren zur mehrschichtigen kathodischen nass-in-nasslackierung von metallisch leitfaehigen substraten |
US4755418A (en) * | 1985-08-12 | 1988-07-05 | Basf Corporation | Nonyellowing cathodic electrocoat |
DE3538792C1 (de) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-05-07 | Basf Lacke & Farben | Elektrophoretisch ueberbeschichtbare im Elektrotauchlackierverfahren aufgebrachte UEberzuege |
JP2614468B2 (ja) * | 1987-11-26 | 1997-05-28 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | 上塗り塗装仕上げ方法 |
US4911811A (en) * | 1988-07-14 | 1990-03-27 | The Stanley Works | Method of making coated articles with metallic appearance |
JPH0312263A (ja) * | 1989-06-12 | 1991-01-21 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | うるし調塗膜の形成方法 |
JP2802397B2 (ja) * | 1989-10-30 | 1998-09-24 | 神東塗料株式会社 | 電着型被膜形成組成物及び塗装法 |
DE4005961A1 (de) * | 1990-02-26 | 1991-08-29 | Basf Lacke & Farben | Verfahren zur lackierung von fahrzeugkarosserien und waessrige lacke |
DE4011633A1 (de) * | 1990-04-11 | 1991-10-17 | Herberts Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung von mehrschichtueberzuegen |
US5114756A (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1992-05-19 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive epoxypolyamide coating composition |
DE4134290A1 (de) * | 1991-10-17 | 1993-09-23 | Herberts Gmbh | Verfahren zur mehrschichtlackierung |
US5203975A (en) * | 1991-10-29 | 1993-04-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for cathodic electrodeposition of a clear coating over a conductive paint layer |
US5326596A (en) * | 1991-12-19 | 1994-07-05 | Kansai Paint Company, Ltd. | Coating method |
DE4215070A1 (de) * | 1992-05-07 | 1993-11-11 | Herberts Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mehrschichtlackierungen |
DE4235778A1 (de) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-04-28 | Herberts Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mehrschichtlackierungen |
DE4331673A1 (de) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-05-11 | Herberts Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mehrschichtlackierungen |
-
1995
- 1995-05-30 DE DE19519665A patent/DE19519665C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-05-24 US US08/952,728 patent/US5882734A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-24 DE DE59603174T patent/DE59603174D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-24 ES ES96919803T patent/ES2140864T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-24 WO PCT/EP1996/002234 patent/WO1996038235A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1996-05-24 JP JP8536162A patent/JPH11505767A/ja active Pending
- 1996-05-24 KR KR1019970708569A patent/KR100394579B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-24 BR BR9608598A patent/BR9608598A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-24 AT AT96919803T patent/ATE184814T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-24 CA CA002222803A patent/CA2222803A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-05-24 EP EP96919803A patent/EP0839073B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-29 ZA ZA964394A patent/ZA964394B/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59603174D1 (de) | 1999-10-28 |
CA2222803A1 (en) | 1996-12-05 |
ZA964394B (en) | 1996-12-09 |
DE19519665C1 (de) | 1996-09-05 |
MX9709224A (es) | 1998-03-31 |
BR9608598A (pt) | 1999-01-05 |
WO1996038235A1 (de) | 1996-12-05 |
ES2140864T3 (es) | 2000-03-01 |
US5882734A (en) | 1999-03-16 |
JPH11505767A (ja) | 1999-05-25 |
KR19990022090A (ko) | 1999-03-25 |
EP0839073A1 (de) | 1998-05-06 |
KR100394579B1 (ko) | 2003-10-30 |
ATE184814T1 (de) | 1999-10-15 |
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