EP0838830A1 - Relais de déclenchement électromagnétique à revetement de carbone amorphe, et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents
Relais de déclenchement électromagnétique à revetement de carbone amorphe, et son procédé de fabrication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0838830A1 EP0838830A1 EP97410111A EP97410111A EP0838830A1 EP 0838830 A1 EP0838830 A1 EP 0838830A1 EP 97410111 A EP97410111 A EP 97410111A EP 97410111 A EP97410111 A EP 97410111A EP 0838830 A1 EP0838830 A1 EP 0838830A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- pallet
- coating
- magnetic circuit
- micron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
- H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
- H01H71/327—Manufacturing or calibrating methods, e.g. air gap treatments
Definitions
- Triggers of the kind mentioned must be reliable and operate at thresholds independent of ambient conditions, especially humid heat, which can cause corrosion between iron and nickel forming oxides and iron hydroxides leading either to untimely triggering or to sticking of the palette.
- High sensitivity triggers are usually incorporated into personal protective switches or circuit breakers, and all bad functioning is intolerable.
- the document FR-A-2.412.159 has made known a process for producing a high sensitivity trigger, in which at least one of the pole surfaces is coated with a layer less than or equal to 1 micron thick, producing a greasing effect and avoiding any wear by friction. This layer coats the weak asperities that can no longer break, but it does not provide protection against corrosion.
- Document FR-A-2618 941 relates to a method, in which the layer protective may be a nitride, in particular a titanium nitride, a carbide, a boride, amorphous carbon or a metal from groups IB, IVB, VIB and VIII of the periodic classification of the elements, in particular chromium and titanium.
- the layer protective may be a nitride, in particular a titanium nitride, a carbide, a boride, amorphous carbon or a metal from groups IB, IVB, VIB and VIII of the periodic classification of the elements, in particular chromium and titanium.
- Aggressive chemical atmospheres such as salt spray, humid heat or these environments containing oxidizing or corrosive agents can nevertheless affect the corrosion resistance of the relay.
- the object of the invention is to develop a method for manufacturing a relay high sensitivity electromagnetic trip to obtain a reliable operation and good corrosion resistance, regardless of the environment.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that all the faces of the circuit magnetic of the frame and the pallet are covered by a coating DLC diamond-like carbon homogeneous comprising a mixture of atoms carbon in sp3 and sp2 hybridization, said coating having a Vickers hardness between 30 and 70 GPa.
- Homogeneous DLC diamond-like carbon coating on all sides of the relay constitutes in combination with the roughness of the polar surfaces, an effective barrier against corrosion, regardless of the nature of the oxidizing or corrosive agents the environment in which the relay is located.
- the diamond-like carbon coating has a reduced coefficient of friction, of the order of 0.10 under load of 5N, and is capable of being selectively enriched in its thickness by specific chemical elements, in particular fluorine, boron, silicon or nitrogen.
- diamond-type carbon makes it possible to confer optimum properties of hardness and chemical inertness to the protective coating, as well as a very low coefficient of friction.
- a polarized electromagnetic trip device comprises a magnetic frame 1 in U shape, made of an iron-nickel alloy, and a magnet permanent 2 in the form of a parallelepiped bar, placed between the branches 3,4 of the armature 1.
- a magnet permanent 2 in the form of a parallelepiped bar, placed between the branches 3,4 of the armature 1.
- One of the poles 5 of the magnet 2 is attached to the base 7 of the U of the frame 1, and the other pole 6 is placed opposite the movable pallet 8.
- the movable pallet 8 also made of an iron-nickel alloy, is located opposite the polar surfaces 9, 10 of the armature 1 and of the pole 6 of the magnet 2, and is mounted at pivoting around the edge 11 of the branch 3 of the frame 1.
- a return spring 12 biases the pallet 8 in the pivoted position for separating the armature 1 in which the pole surface 14 of the pallet 8 is separated from the polar surface 10 of the frame 1.
- the pallet 8 is likely to take two stable equilibrium positions. In one, shown in Figure 1, the surface polar 14 is bonded to the polar surface 10 of the armature 1, by the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 2. In the other position shown in Figure 2, the pole surface 14 is moved away from surface 10 by the opposing force of spring 12.
- a control coil 16 is wound on branch 4 of armature 1 for generate a magnetic flux 15 opposite to the flux 13 of the permanent magnet 2 in the branch 4 when it is traversed by an excitation current.
- the pallet 8 takes off from the end 10 of the branch 4 under the action of the return spring 12.
- the roughness coefficient Ra which is the height profile average above and below the mean line, depending on the NF E05-015 standard, is greater than or equal to 0.03 micron and less than 0.5 micron. This roughness is obtained by a mechanical polishing operation on the surfaces polar 10.14.
- a carbon-based protective coating is affixed to all the faces of the magnetic circuit of the armature 1 and the pallet 8.
- the coating diamond type carbon protector consists of a homogeneous layer of low thickness, in particular less than 1 micron, having both good properties of hardness and chemical inertness, and a low coefficient of friction.
- Typical carbon diamond DLC is part of the amorphous carbon family, making use of a mixing in variable proportions of carbon atoms in sp3 and sp2 hybridization, having a structure made up of amorphous forms which can pass so continuous from 100% sp3 to 100% sp2.
- the Vickers hardness of the DLC diamond protective carbon coating can reach 30 to 70 GPa, and the coefficient of friction is of the order of 0.10 under a load of 5N.
- the wear resistance of the DLC coating, evaluated under the conditions of measurement of the coefficient of friction is of the order of 1.8.10 -9 mm 3 / Nm.
- the high chemical inertness of the DLC material against oxidizing or corrosive agents provides effective protection of the relay against the effects of corrosion or oxidation in aggressive chemical atmospheres, in particular salt spray, moist heat, or environments containing, for example, chlorine, hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfide hydrogen.
- the DLC diamond type carbon coating can be selectively enriched in its thickness by specific chemical elements including fluorine, boron, silicon or nitrogen, in order to give it predetermined properties in friction, hardness and wettability. Selective incorporation of these elements chemicals provides optimum adhesion of the DLC carbon coating on nickel iron, following a reduction in mechanical stresses at the interface between the substrate and the carbon DLC. The hardness is also increased on the surface.
- the coating of carbon DLC on the iron nickel substrate is carried out by methods physical or chemical vacuum well known to specialists. This results in a homogeneous overlap without peak effect on the edges or peaks of roughness ferromagnetic parts of the relay.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Electromagnets (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- la surface polaire de l'armature et la surface polaire de la palette sont soumises de la même manière à une finition de surface pour obtenir un coefficient de rugosité Ra supérieur ou égal à 0,03 micron, et inférieur à 0,5 micron, Ra étant la hauteur moyenne du profil au-dessus et au-dessous de la ligne moyenne, pour assurer un contact ponctuel par l'intermédiaire des pics entre les deux surfaces.
- on revêt lesdites surfaces polaires d'une couche protectrice à base de carbone amorphe d'une épaisseur inférieure ou égale à 1 micron.
- une armature fixe et une palette mobile , ayant chacune une surface polaire venant en accolement en position d'attraction de la palette par l'armature,
- un revêtement à base de carbone amorphe d'une épaisseur inférieure ou égale à 1 micron, pour la protection contre la corrosion,
- les surfaces polaires de l'armature et de la palette présentant un coefficient de rugosité Ra supérieur ou égal à 0,03 micron et inférieur à 0,5 micron.
- les figures 1 et 2 sont des vues schématiques d'un déclencheur différentiel selon l'invention représenté en position d'attraction et en position de déclenchement.
Claims (8)
- Procédé de fabrication d'un relais de déclenchement électromagnétique à haute sensibilité, notamment pour un interrupteur ou disjoncteur de protection différentielle, ayant un circuit magnétique , polarisé par un aimant permanent (2) et portant une bobine de commande (16), ledit circuit magnétique en alliage de fer-nickel comprenant une armature fixe (1) et une palette mobile (8) , ayant chacune une surface polaire (10,14) venant en accolement en position d'attraction de la palette par l'armature, procédé selon lequel:la surface polaire (10) de l'armature (1) et la surface polaire (14) de la palette (8) sont soumises de la même manière à une finition de surface pour obtenir un coefficient de rugosité Ra supérieur ou égal à 0,03 micron, et inférieur à 0,5 micron, Ra étant la hauteur moyenne du profil au-dessus et au-dessous de la ligne moyenne, pour assurer un contact ponctuel par l'intermédiaire des pics entre les deux surfaces,on revêt lesdites surfaces polaires (10,14) d'une couche protectrice à base de carbone amorphe d'une épaisseur inférieure ou égale à 1 micron,
- Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement de carbone type diamant possède un coefficient de frottement réduit, de l'ordre de 0,10 sous une charge de 5N.
- Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement de carbone type diamant DLC est susceptible d'être enrichi sélectivement dans son épaisseur par des éléments chimiques spécifiques, notamment du fluor, du bore, du silicium ou de l'azote.
- Procédé de fabrication selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement homogène de carbone type diamant sur le substrat fer nickel est effectué par des voies physiques ou chimiques de dépôts sous vide.
- Relais de déclenchement électromagnétique à haute sensibilité, notamment pour un interrupteur ou disjoncteur de protection différentielle, ayant un circuit magnétique, polarisé par un aimant permanent (2) et portant une bobine de commande (16), ledit circuit magnétique en alliage de fer-nickel, comprenant:une armature fixe (1) et une palette mobile (8) , ayant chacune une surface polaire (1,14) venant en accolement en position d'attraction de la palette par l'armature,un revêtement à base de carbone amorphe d'une épaisseur inférieure ou égale à 1 micron, pour la protection contre la corrosion,les surfaces polaires (10,14) de l'armature (1) et de la palette (8) présentant un coefficient de rugosité Ra supérieur ou égal à 0,03 micron et inférieur à 0,5 micron.
- Relais de déclenchement électromagnétique selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement de carbone type diamant DLC présente une dureté Vickers comprise entre 30 et 70 G Pa.
- Relais de déclenchement électromagnétique selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement de carbone type diamant DLC possède un coefficient de frottement de l'ordre de 0,10 sous une charge de 5N.
- Relais de déclenchement électromagnétique selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement de carbone type diamant DLC renferme de plus des éléments chimiques à base de fluor, de bore, de silicium ou d'azote.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9613143A FR2754933B1 (fr) | 1996-10-23 | 1996-10-23 | Relais de declenchement electromagnetique a revetement de carbone amorphe, et son procede de fabrication |
FR9613143 | 1996-10-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0838830A1 true EP0838830A1 (fr) | 1998-04-29 |
EP0838830B1 EP0838830B1 (fr) | 2004-01-21 |
Family
ID=9497110
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19970410111 Expired - Lifetime EP0838830B1 (fr) | 1996-10-23 | 1997-10-07 | Relais de déclenchement électromagnétique à revetement de carbone amorphe, et son procédé de fabrication |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0838830B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69727278T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2213811T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2754933B1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10210826A1 (de) * | 2002-03-12 | 2003-09-25 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Auslöseeinrichtung für einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
EA008953B1 (ru) * | 2004-09-02 | 2007-10-26 | Шнейдер Электрик Эндюстри Сас | Электромагнитное устройство размыкания и электрическая коммутационная аппаратура, содержащая это устройство |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004016950B3 (de) * | 2004-04-06 | 2006-01-19 | Siemens Ag | Auslöserrelais |
DE202006007420U1 (de) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-09-20 | Pepperl + Fuchs Gmbh | Gehäuseanordnung |
DE102012009665B4 (de) * | 2012-05-12 | 2022-04-07 | Doepke Schaltgeräte GmbH | Elektrisches Auslöserelais für einen Schalter, insbesondere für einen Schutzschalter zum Überwachen elektrischer Netze |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD208702A1 (de) * | 1982-06-29 | 1984-04-04 | Akad Wissenschaften Ddr | Metallisches elektrisches kontaktelement |
JPS639104A (ja) * | 1986-06-30 | 1988-01-14 | Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd | 磁石 |
EP0301935A1 (fr) * | 1987-07-28 | 1989-02-01 | Merlin Gerin | Déclencheur électromagnétique à haute sensibilité et son procédé de fabrication |
WO1995023878A1 (fr) * | 1994-03-03 | 1995-09-08 | Diamonex, A Unit Of Monsanto Company | Transducteurs revetus de carbone proche du diamant, pour supports d'enregistrement magnetiques |
-
1996
- 1996-10-23 FR FR9613143A patent/FR2754933B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-10-07 ES ES97410111T patent/ES2213811T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-07 EP EP19970410111 patent/EP0838830B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-07 DE DE69727278T patent/DE69727278T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD208702A1 (de) * | 1982-06-29 | 1984-04-04 | Akad Wissenschaften Ddr | Metallisches elektrisches kontaktelement |
JPS639104A (ja) * | 1986-06-30 | 1988-01-14 | Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd | 磁石 |
EP0301935A1 (fr) * | 1987-07-28 | 1989-02-01 | Merlin Gerin | Déclencheur électromagnétique à haute sensibilité et son procédé de fabrication |
WO1995023878A1 (fr) * | 1994-03-03 | 1995-09-08 | Diamonex, A Unit Of Monsanto Company | Transducteurs revetus de carbone proche du diamant, pour supports d'enregistrement magnetiques |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
"MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES WITH LOW FRICTION, WEAR AND CORROSION USING DLC PROTECTIVE FILMS", IBM TECHNICAL DISCLOSURE BULLETIN, vol. 36, no. 9A, 1 September 1993 (1993-09-01), pages 567/568, XP000396168 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 211 (E - 622) 16 June 1988 (1988-06-16) * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10210826A1 (de) * | 2002-03-12 | 2003-09-25 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Auslöseeinrichtung für einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
EA008953B1 (ru) * | 2004-09-02 | 2007-10-26 | Шнейдер Электрик Эндюстри Сас | Электромагнитное устройство размыкания и электрическая коммутационная аппаратура, содержащая это устройство |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2213811T3 (es) | 2004-09-01 |
DE69727278D1 (de) | 2004-02-26 |
FR2754933B1 (fr) | 1998-11-27 |
EP0838830B1 (fr) | 2004-01-21 |
FR2754933A1 (fr) | 1998-04-24 |
DE69727278T2 (de) | 2004-12-09 |
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