EP0824939A2 - Safety system for persons climbing pylons - Google Patents

Abstract

The system comprises a guard with a hooked appliance (10) which is placed on a sloping bridge piece (20) near the corner post and joined to the person by means of a safety line. The hooked U-shaped appliance has two sloping arms (14,16) one of which is at least five times the length of the other arm. At least one, either the longer or shorter one, of the two arms has a swivelling locking piece (22) with swivel axis across the lengthwise axes of the two arms. A pivot link concentrically enclosing one of the two arms guides the locking piece.

Description

The invention relates to a method for securing people when climbing lattice masts with corner posts and diagonal struts, in particular steel lattice masts, such as high-voltage transmission tower, as well as a device for performing the procedure.

It is known that according to applicable regulations, in particular for accident prevention, People climbing lattice masts to erect them and / or Repair, especially of high-voltage transmission tower, against falling must secure. This requires that these people, similar to the protection are secured by mountaineers in such a way that in the event of damage, no inadmissible Fall depth occurs.

For this purpose it is known, for example, to carry a safety line and in Loops that must be placed on the mast at a close vertical distance and that behind after the planned ascent has been carried out, so an adequate connection of those climbing the mast People and the mast.

Instead, hooks or similar holding means that are inseparable from the Mast are connected, be provided on which the safety line is guided. The cumbersome handling is common to all known securing options in practical use or the high manufacturing costs.

Based on this prior art, the object of the invention is a method of the type mentioned above for personal security when climbing lattice masts and to specify a device for carrying out the method, which are easy to use and can be used with little effort.

This object is achieved by claims 1 and 4. Further advantageous refinements and developments of the invention are shown in specified in the subclaims.

Accordingly, the method according to the invention is characterized in that that the person on an inclined strut above him near the Corner post attaches a hook-shaped device, which by means of a safety line is connected to the person that the person is so secured on the corner handle rises and after reaching the inclined strut to which the device is attached the device is removed and another one located above it Attaches the diagonal strut so that the person continues to climb in such a secured manner until they are has reached the intended mast height, and that after reaching the intended Mast height the person disconnects from the safety line and another Safety device used, which is assigned to the mast height concerned.

In an expedient development of this method it is further provided that the Person attaches the hook-shaped device to an inclined strut there is at least one arm's length above the person, the hook-shaped Device advantageously attached to the oblique strut in question becomes.

An inventive device for performing the above The method is characterized in that it is hook-shaped two mutually inclined or parallel legs, at least one of which five times the length of the other leg, similar to a walking stick. There is a locking device on at least one of the two legs attached, which the unintentional detachment of the device from the concerned Prevents oblique strut to which the device is attached, wherein the safety line is guided on the device.

The hook-shaped device is advantageously a preferred one Embodiment is U-shaped with two approximately parallel to each other Thighs and with one connecting the ends of the thighs to the open U. Crosspiece, which is preferably arcuate, and with a locking part, which is arranged in the rest position across the legs and these with each other connects and thus transforms the open U into a closed eyelet, whereby by Relocate the blocking part that is open. Instead of the U-shape, it can also be used the V-shape can advantageously be provided, which also by means of a corresponding attached locking part forms a triangular eyelet.

According to a development of the invention, the locking part can be longer of the two legs may be attached while according to another training the locking part is attached to the shorter of the two legs.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the locking part is pivotable and that the pivot axis of the locking part transverse to the The longitudinal axes of the two legs run, the pivot axis advantageously of the locking part runs axially parallel to the longitudinal axes of the two legs.

Advantageously, in a further embodiment of the invention for guiding the Locking part a swivel joint may be provided, which is one of the two legs concentric, and that the locking member in a transverse to the longitudinal axes of the two legs spanned plane is pivotable. It can also be used for the locking part articulated on one of the two legs on the other leg Recording should be provided.

Another variant of the device according to the invention is characterized in that that the locking part is displaceable as transverse to the longitudinal axes of the legs Web is formed, which translates from an open position into a closed position is movable.

A further favorable embodiment provides for that on one of the two bars attached locking part before opening protection, which the locking part against unwanted Opening secures. This opening safety device can advantageously be operated remotely, a simple solution to this provides an operating line.

A particularly preferred embodiment is provided with an opening safety device The device provides that these are arranged transversely to the locking part, in the Opening path of the locking part pivotally engaging web is formed with a groove is which groove engages around the locking part on three sides, that the groove width at most Is 20% larger than the width of the locking part engaging therein, so that In the secured state, the locking part is placed on the groove flanks and thereby one Self-locking occurs. The locking part can also advantageously be equipped with a Be provided groove, in which the opening lock engages.

Furthermore, for the safety line guided according to the invention on the device an eyelet can be provided on one of the two legs through which the safety line is passed through.

The device according to the invention expediently consists of material with sufficient strength, such as metal or fiber-reinforced Plastic. The metallic device is either completely or partially Steel formed. Instead of steel it can also be provided that the device is made of light metal, preferably an aluminum alloy.

Regardless of the material provided for the device according to the invention, it can be made from a hollow profile and / or from a flat profile, wherein advantageously at least the length of the longer leg of the device Is 1 m.

Another peculiarity is that according to a further training the admission for the locking part and the opening lock interact by block the unwanted opening of the locking part with a positive fit.

These and other advantageous refinements and developments of the invention are marked in the subclaims.

Using an exemplary embodiment shown in the schematic drawing the invention, advantageous refinements and improvements and special Advantages of the invention are explained and described in more detail.

Fig. 1

den hakenförmig ausgebildeten oberen Bereich einer ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in Seitenansicht;

Fig. 2

eine Schnittansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 entlang Schnittlinie A-A;

Fig. 3

eine Teilansicht 'B' der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 von der Seite;

Fig. 4

den hakenförmig ausgebildeten oberen Bereich einer zweiten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in Seitenansicht;

Fig. 5

eine Schnittansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 entlang Schnittlinie D-D;

Fig. 6

eine Schnittansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 entlang Schnittlinie E-E;

Fig. 7

eine Teilansicht 'F' der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 von der Seite;

Fig. 8

den hakenförmig ausgebildeten oberen Bereich einer dritten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in Seitenansicht.

Show it:

Fig. 1

the hook-shaped upper area of a first embodiment of the device according to the invention in side view;

Fig. 2

a sectional view of the device of Figure 1 along section line AA.

Fig. 3

a partial view 'B' of the device of Figure 1 from the side.

Fig. 4

the hook-shaped upper area of a second embodiment of the device according to the invention in side view;

Fig. 5

a sectional view of the device of Figure 4 along section line DD.

Fig. 6

a sectional view of the device of Figure 4 along section line EE.

Fig. 7

a partial view 'F' of the device of Figure 4 from the side.

Fig. 8

the hook-shaped upper region of a third embodiment of the device according to the invention in side view.

In Fig. 1 is a device 10 with a U-shaped end piece 12 with a longer leg 14, a shorter leg 16 and a curved Cross bar 18 shown, which device 10 in the example shown in Fig. 1 on a rod profile of a sloping strut 20 shown in cross-section provided, not shown here, high-voltage transmission tower attached is. The device 10 according to the invention can, as shown in FIG. 1, be formed in two parts and from the end piece 12 shown and one not shown exist rod-like extension, which on the longer leg 14 of the U-shaped End piece 12 connects. This two-part design of the device 10 has the advantage of easy handling during transport without disadvantage for the required Holding force in practical use.

The walking stick-like device 10 according to the invention can be made of hollow or Solid material must be formed, the selected material having sufficient tensile and bending strength must have to the bending moments and transverse and Absorb longitudinal forces.

1 is approximately opposite the end of the shorter one Leg 16 on the longer leg 14 formed by a pivot lever Locking device 22, which pivot lever 22 on the longer leg 14 too this is pivoted in parallel.

The end of the longer leg 14 serving as a locking device Swivel lever 22 is extended beyond the pivot point and with an eyelet provided on which eyelet engages an operating cable 24, by means of which the Locking device can be opened by pulling the rope and the Swivel lever 22 pivots upwards.

Below the articulation of the pivot lever 22 is one on the longer leg 14 Retaining eyelet 26 formed, which is a safety line, not shown here on which the person climbing the mast is secured.

In addition, an opening safety device 28 is provided, which is in the region of the articulation of the pivot lever pivoted by 90 ° to it in the horizontal direction also pivoted about an axis 29 on the longer leg 14 is. The opening lock 28, which in the illustration in Fig. 2 in more detail Shown in detail is based on the fact that a further pivot lever 30, with a groove 32 adapted to the profile of the locking device 22, the locking device 22 overlaps and thereby blocked non-positively and positively. That is because Locking device 22 is actuated in the opening direction, so that the Swing lever 30 formed opening security also operated, that is, upwards pivoted so that the groove flanks of the groove 32 are inclined and against the Press the locking device. Another opening of the opening safety device 32 is now not possible anymore.

Only when the opening safety device 32 is relieved again can a third one be used Leash 33, the opening safety device 32 is actuated and the locking device 22 be released.

At the free end of the shorter leg 16 of the end piece 12 is one shown in Fig. 3 Recording 34 for the locking device 22 in the form of a molded on the leg 16 short cantilever 34 provided on which the locking device in Closed position is at rest.

The principle of the first embodiment of the device according to the invention Personal security consists in the fact that the person, hereinafter referred to as the riser, takes on the an extension rod attached end piece after opening the lock 28 hooks into a truss rod 20 of the mast by means of a line 24. The climber is already with his safety rope with shock absorber on the eyelet 26 the so-called riser hook 10 attached. Immediately after hanging the locking device 22, designed as a falling knife, closes due to its own load and falls on the collecting plate 34 with a clearly audible sound the riser releases the rope of the lock 28 and thus this flap stands out the locking device 22, wherein the two flanges of the locking flap Include locking device 22. At this moment, the drop knife 22 is locked and the riser is secured. It can go deep without the risk of falling start climbing. If it slips for any reason, it will fall only in his safety rope, which is attached to the eyelet 26 on the end piece. Of the The suitable attachment points on the mast construction for the device must increase 10 select. These must withstand the stress of falling into it Withstand the safety rope.

If the device is inadvertently moved upwards while climbing, this bumps Drop knife 22 to the truss rod 20. The drop knife 22 cannot consequently move to open. However, if the drop knife hits a mast component (truss or Gusset plate), which is located under the drop knife 22, the drop knife moves 22 upwards and takes a slight inclination. At the same time now a movement of the locking flap up. The one looking up Force of the drop knife 22 causes a vertical bearing force in the axis the lock 28 and a horizontal pair of forces in the cheeks of the two Flanks of the lock 28. Another movement of the drop knife 22 after above (i.e. unlocking) is therefore impossible. The locking lever 22 remains locked.

If the climber has climbed up to the attached device, he secures himself a safety rope over the waist belt (tether function) on the structure (e.g. mast corner handle), unlocks the drop knife 22 via the rope 33 of the lock 28, the drop knife folds up by operating the rope 24 and hangs the device 10 As usual to the next higher anchor point on the mast construction. The climber does the same when descending.

4 to 7 is a second embodiment of the device according to the invention shown, the basic principle of which is similar to the first embodiment 10.1, however is completely different in detail from this. Are for same Features used the same reference numerals. At a similar end piece 12.2, a locking device 36 is horizontally pivoted, which also is secured by a lock 38. The principle of the second embodiment is that the riser attached to an extension rod End piece 12.2 according to the second embodiment of the device Opening a lock 36 via a cable 33 or via a vertical pulse hooks into a truss rod 20 of the mast. The climber is already there with its safety rope with energy absorber on the lifting eye 26 of the device 10.2 attached. It is attached in such a way that the riser is by hand the extension rod abruptly rotates and thus rotates as a rotary knife 36 trained locking device in a horizontal plane from the hook plane out. The device 10.2 is thus opened and is inserted into a component from above of the building 12 suspended. The lock 38 is horizontal Location. Now the riser gives the extension bar a brief angular momentum in the opposite direction. Due to the sloping tip of the lock 38 this is raised a little and immediately falls on the rotary knife 36 back and lock this. The riser is thus secured. The rotary knife will additionally by a second securing at the attachment point at the free end of the Leg 16 secured against opening ring 40 against a support ring. The fuse is achieved in that the deliberately chosen difference between Outside diameter leg 14 and the inside diameter of the rotary knife sleeve 42 the rotary knife 36 assumes a defined inclined position, a specific one Possibility of movement of the tip of the rotary knife 36 in the vertical direction is available. When the rotary knife 36 closes by the angular momentum the rotary knife 36 slides on the sloping end of an additional lock and then falls into the recess. The rotary knife 36 lies as a result its own load in the recess and cannot open by itself.

The process of attaching the rotary knife 36 to the stop 44 can Hear the climber clearly audible. He can fall into the Start climbing deep. If it slips for any reason, it falls he is only in his safety rope, which is attached to the device 10.2. Of the The suitable attachment points on the mast construction for the device must increase Select 10.2. These must withstand the stress of falling into it Withstand the safety rope.

If the device 10.2 is inadvertently moved upwards while climbing, it bumps the rotary knife 36 to the truss rod 20. The rotary knife 36 may result the bearing on the support ring 40 and the clamping action of the tubular sleeve 42 in Do not open the vertical direction. If the rotary knife hits a mast component Truss rod or gusset plate, which is located under the rotary knife, so pushing the rotary knife 36 through the bearing plates 46 of the axis of the Locking 38 and the clamping action of the tubular sleeve 42 prevented. The rotary knife 36 remains locked.

If the riser has climbed up to the suspended end of device 10.2, he secures himself with a second safety rope over the waist belt (Tether function) on the structure (e.g. mast corner handle, unlocked via the rope of the Locking 38 or via the vertical pulse the rotary knife 36, it works Rotary knife 36 by the described angular momentum out of the hook plane and attaches the device 10.2 to the next higher anchor point as usual the mast construction. On the descent, the climber does the opposite.

8 shows a third embodiment 10.3 of the device according to the invention shown, in which, similarly to the first embodiment, a locking device is formed by a vertically pivoting lever 48 which, however, on the free end of the shorter leg 16 of the end piece 12.3 is articulated, and accordingly pans there.

The locking device 48 designed as a pendulum flap 48 has a closed position, which is shown in FIG. 8, and an open position, in which it engages vertically on the outward-facing side of the shorter leg 16 by means of an additional retaining pin 50 in a recess 52 provided for this purpose is held.
The principle of the third embodiment 10.3 of the device is that the riser attached to an extension rod end piece 12.3 when opened as a swing flap 48 locking device in a truss 20 of the structure z. B. hooks steel lattice mast from above. The riser is already attached to the lifting eye 26 of the device 10.3 with its safety rope with energy absorber via snap hooks. After hanging, the riser gives the extension bar a short impulse upwards. As a result, the almost vertical pendulum flap 48 is raised from the double bearing on the short leg 14 in the elongated hole 51 as a pivot bearing point and the recess 52 designed as an elongated hole with a lateral exit. The upper slot was made slightly off-center and diagonally upwards. After the impulse, the pendulum flap 48 tilts to the side as a result of the eccentric upper bearing and its own load and swings through with momentum to the opposite side. As a result of inertia, the swing flap 48 swings beyond the imaginary horizontal line at the level of the bearing 54 of the swing flap 48. It moves a movable hinge flap 56 of a hinge on the opposite side of the bearing 54 of the swing flap 48 and fastened to the long leg 14, the hinge flap 56 then immediately falling back into its starting position. In doing so, it catches the pendulum flap 48, which strikes with the locking bolt 50 on the inside of the short leg 16 and swings back downward. The hinge flap 56 can only move to the horizontal position. The device is now in the locked state. The climber can now start climbing without the risk of falling into the depth. If it slips for any reason, it only falls into its safety rope with a shock absorber, which is attached to the device. The riser must choose the appropriate attachment points on the mast structure for the device. These must withstand the stress of falling into the safety rope.

Now, as previously explained in the other embodiments, the device when inadvertently moved upwards, the swing flap 48 abuts the truss rod 20 of the building. The swing flap 48 can result Do not open when lying on hinge 56. However, the pendulum flap 48 bumps to a component of the structure truss, gusset plates, etc., which is below the pendulum flap 48 is, the pendulum flap 48 is slightly after moved up, but is then abruptly by the locking bolt 50 on the other Prevented upward movement so that the device does not accidentally move can hang out of the building. The device remains locked.

If the climber has climbed up to the attached device, he secures himself a safety rope over the waist belt for the holding function on the building, opens the swing flap 48, in which he the movable hinge flap via a cable 33 56 lifts up far enough until the pendulum flap 48 by itself falls down.

The device is now open. The riser now hangs on the device next higher anchor point on the structure. The climber goes down accordingly vice versa.

The device according to the invention is particularly suitable for first-time so-called Leaders, of half-timbered structures. It can be used for all assembly, Maintenance and inspection work on half-timbered buildings will. It is compared to the loop method known in the prior art Particularly advantageous, because with larger building heights, e.g. B. over 70 m, the riser should have an unmanageable number of loops with them.

Claims (25)

Method for securing people when climbing lattice masts with corner posts and inclined struts, in particular steel lattice masts, such as high-voltage overhead line masts, characterized in that the respective person attaches a hook-shaped device to an inclined strut located above them near the corner post, which device is connected to the by means of a safety line Person is connected, that the person rises in such a secured manner on the corner post and, after reaching the inclined strut to which the device is attached, detaches the device and attaches it to another inclined strut located above it in such a way that the person continues to ascend in such a secured manner until the intended one Has reached mast height, and that after reaching the intended mast height, the person releases the connection to the safety line and uses another safety device which is assigned to the mast height in question. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the person attaches the hook-shaped device to an oblique strut, which at least an arm's length above the person. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hook-shaped device is attached to the oblique strut in question. Device for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that it is hook-shaped with two mutually inclined or synchronized legs, at least one of which five times the length of the other leg that at least one a locking device is attached to the two pens, which prevents the unintentional Detach the device from the respective sloping strut on which the Device is attached, prevented and that the safety line on the Device is guided. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the hook-shaped Device is U-shaped with two approximately parallel to each other Legs and a crossbar connecting the ends of the legs to the U and with a locking part which is arranged transversely to the legs in the rest position and connects them together and so the open U to a closed loop transformed, and that the U is opened by moving the locking part. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking part is attached to the longer of the two legs. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking part is attached to the shorter of the two legs. Device according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that that the locking part is pivotable and that the pivot axis of the Blocking part runs transversely to the longitudinal axes of the two legs. Device according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that that the pivot axis of the locking part axially parallel to the longitudinal axes of the two Thigh runs. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that for guiding of the locking part, a swivel joint is provided, which is one of the two Leg concentrically includes, and that the locking part in a transverse to the longitudinal axes the two legs spanned plane is pivotable. Device according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that that for the locking part articulated on one of the two legs on the other Leg a recording is provided. Device according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that that the locking part is displaceable as transverse to the longitudinal axes of the legs Web is formed, which translates from an open position into a closed position is movable. Device according to one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that that for the locking part attached to one of the two legs an opening safety device is provided, which the locking part against unwanted opening backs up. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the opening safety device is remotely operable. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the opening safety device can be operated remotely by means of an operating line. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the opening safety device as arranged transversely to the blocking part, in the opening path of the Locking part pivoting engaging web is formed with a groove, which groove the locking part encompasses on three sides, that the groove width is at most 20% larger than the width of the locking part engaging therein, so that in the secured state puts the locking part on the groove flanks and thereby self-locking occurs. Apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the Locking part is also provided with a groove in which the opening lock engages. Device according to one of claims 4 to 17, characterized in that that for the safety line guided on the device, an eyelet on one of the two legs are provided, through which the safety line is passed is. Device according to one of claims 4 to 18, characterized in that that the device is made of metal. Device according to one of claims 4 to 19, characterized in that that the device is made of steel. Device according to one of claims 4 to 19, characterized in that that the device made of light metal, preferably of an aluminum alloy, is formed. Device according to one of claims 4 to 21, characterized in that that the device is formed from a hollow profile. Device according to one of claims 4 to 22, characterized in that that the device is formed from a flat profile. Device according to one of claims 4 to 23, characterized in that that the receptacle for the locking part and the opening lock interact, by positively blocking the unwanted opening of the locking part. Device according to one of claims 4 to 24, characterized in that that the length of the longer leg of the device is at least 1 m.

Images