EP0822321B1 - Method for slowing down a 4 stroke internal combustion engine, in particular, when used for vehicle propulsion - Google Patents
Method for slowing down a 4 stroke internal combustion engine, in particular, when used for vehicle propulsion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0822321B1 EP0822321B1 EP97102964A EP97102964A EP0822321B1 EP 0822321 B1 EP0822321 B1 EP 0822321B1 EP 97102964 A EP97102964 A EP 97102964A EP 97102964 A EP97102964 A EP 97102964A EP 0822321 B1 EP0822321 B1 EP 0822321B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- accordance
- exhaust valve
- triggered
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/04—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation using engine as brake
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for braking a Four-stroke internal combustion engine according to the preamble of Claim 1 and a motor vehicle from one to this Method is braked internal combustion engine driven.
- From DE-PS 34 28 626 is an actuator for an engine brake on a four-stroke internal combustion engine is known, which is arranged in the exhaust pipe throttle valve and for an additional exhaust valve for blowing off each cylinder compressed air in the exhaust pipe. In doing so when the brake pedal is operated, one or more of the additional exhaust valves opened and thus the working pressures in the or some of the cylinders decreased and then the throttle valve closed.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method with which an internal combustion engine of the generic type faster and can be slowed down more effectively than with known engine brakes is the case. It is also the task of Invention to create a motor vehicle by one is driven according to controllable internal combustion engine and be brought to a standstill quickly, especially in an emergency can.
- the object is achieved by the im The method described in claim 1 and by the method in claim 7 described motor vehicle solved.
- the procedure is the time at which an early Combustion triggered and possibly an exhaust valve is opened, depending on the actuation of a wheel brake system and / or depending on the response of one Anti-lock device changeable. It gets on the piston high, driving combustion pressure exerted on the causes the internal combustion engine to brake extremely quickly.
- the device for braking the internal combustion engine with the means for actuating the wheel brake system can be ensured, for example, that the Wheel brake system is actuated when the internal combustion engine is braked. It is provided that the intensity of the Braking the internal combustion engine, that is the time of Triggering the premature combustion and possibly the Opening the exhaust valves from the actuation of the brake pedal or, if available, the response of an anti-lock device is influenced to the greatest possible braking effect to achieve. Conversely, the wheel brake device through appropriate coupling by means of a control or Control logic simultaneously with the braking of the internal combustion engine to be activated.
- Exhaust valves can additional, e.g. B. from said DE-PS 34 28 626th known, electrically or by a pressure medium operable Be valves or normal gas exchange exhaust valves if whose tax times can be changed so that the desired opening start is reached.
- the triggering of premature combustion can be in Otto internal combustion engines by advancing the ignition timing accordingly take place far beyond the usual spark advance goes out, and with diesel internal combustion engine by appropriate Early injection, which in turn is way ahead of the way of the ignition delay occurs early injection. in the If necessary, one can also be used for diesel internal combustion engines Ignition aid z. B. provided in the form of a spark or glow plug become.
- a Device proposed that a device for Early adjustment of the time at which the premature Combustion triggered and possibly an exhaust valve is opened, the early adjustment depending on the actuation of a wheel brake system and / or depending by responding to an anti-lock device.
- the device mentioned enables the internal combustion engine to be braked depending on means of actuating the Wheel brake system and / or an anti-lock device. So is for example, ensure that the wheel brake system is actuated is when the internal combustion engine is braked in an emergency.
- the anti-lock device responds, the Establish the greatest possible braking effect simultaneous early adjustment of the time at which the premature combustion triggered and possibly on Exhaust valve is opened.
- the device mentioned preferably has an emergency switch to activate this facility by Actuation on the normal control for the ignition timing or control overriding the injection timing and if necessary, the exhaust valves at the right time be opened. By pressing the emergency switch possibly triggered an optical or acoustic signal become.
- the emergency switch In a motor vehicle by an internal combustion engine is driven with the aforementioned device the emergency switch is located in the driver's compartment.
- the emergency switch should of course be so attached that he on the one hand not accidentally and on the other hand not only from Driver, but can also be operated by a passenger.
- a four-stroke Otto engine 1 has a cylinder block 2 with cylinders 3 and pistons 4 and a cylinder head 5 in which, in addition to the usual gas exchange inlet and exhaust valves an additional, for example pneumatically or hydraulically controlled Exhaust valve 7 (Fig. 2) is arranged.
- the cylinder head 5 also contains the camshaft for actuating the gas exchange valves and the schematically illustrated injection and Ignition system 6, which is operated by electronics 8 in normal operation is regulated.
- a separate electronic Regulator 9 is provided, which is operated by an emergency switch 10 activated for example in the dashboard 11 of the vehicle can be and on the one hand the ignition timing regardless of the setting by the electronics 8 in the "early" direction adjusted that the combustion in each cylinder already during the compression cycle, i.e. well before reaching the top dead center of the piston 4, is triggered, and on the other hand the additional at the end of the compression cycle Exhaust valve 7 opens. Due to premature combustion on the piston 4 a restoring combustion pressure, the causes the internal combustion engine to brake quickly. By the opening of the additional exhaust valve 7 towards the end of Compression cycle is avoided that after going through the top dead center a driving pressure force on the piston 4 acts.
- the additional exhaust valve 7 shown in Fig. 2 blocks in the closed state, a channel 12 which is not connected to the cylinder space shown is connected and from which a Channel 13 goes out to the outlet channel, not shown the internal combustion engine 1 or to the turbine of an exhaust gas turbocharger is guided, the one adapted to the braking operation can have a narrow flow cross-section.
- the valve 7 is acted upon by a spring 14 in the closing direction and carries a control piston 15 which is slidable in one Cylinder 16 sits and a pressure chamber 18 with a cover 17 limited by a port 19 a pressure medium can be supplied to open the valve 7.
- the Supply of the pressure medium is controlled by the controller 9.
- the additional outlet valve 7 can be omitted if the Internal combustion engine with a valve train with variable Control times is equipped and the gas exchange exhaust valves can be controlled by the controller 9 so that they are opened at the end of the compression cycle.
- the controller 9 can activate a signal device 20 which when actuating the emergency switch 10, an optical or acoustic signal triggers
- the controller 9 does not need the injection and Ignition system 6 to act, but it can instead have a Line 28 are connected to the electronics 8 and this influence accordingly ..
- combustion occurs triggered during the compression stroke that the Fuel injection accordingly long before reaching the top dead center of the piston.
- an ignition aid e.g. in the form of a spark or glow plug be provided.
- the braking of the internal combustion engine can still do so be accelerated that the dynamic pressure in the exhaust pipe is increased, e.g. through a throttle valve in the exhaust line or with an internal combustion engine an exhaust gas turbocharger, the turbine with a variable Guide vane is provided by adjusting it (see e.g. DE-C 42 32 400).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Abbremsen einer
Viertakt-Brennkraftmaschine entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des
Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Kraftfahrzeug, das von einer nach diesem
Verfahren abbremsbaren Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben ist.The invention relates to a method for braking a
Four-stroke internal combustion engine according to the preamble of
Aus der US 5,634,447 ist eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere ein turboaufgeladener Diesel-Hubkolbenmotor bekannt, bei der ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem und ein Druckentlastungssystem mit einer elektronischen Steuerung vorgesehen sind. Mit Hilfe der Steuerung ist ein Verfahren zum Abbremsen der Brennkraftmaschine realisierbar, bei dem einerseits während eines Kompressionshubes eine geringe Menge Kraftstoff vor dem oberen Totpunkt des Kolbens im jeweiligen Brennraum verbrannt wird und andererseits am oberen Totpunkt des Kolbens ein Auslaßventil geöffnet wird. Das Verfahren zum Abbremsen der Brennkraftmaschine ist in Abhängigkeit von der Beschleunigungspedalstellung und/oder einer willkürlichen manuellen Betätigung eines Schalters am Armaturenbrett durchführbar. Der Zeitpunkt der Voreinspritzung ist voreingestellt, gewährleistet eine ausreichende Verbrennung vor Erreichen des oberen Totpunktes und stellt sicher, daß keine Fehlzundung auftritt.From US 5,634,447 is an internal combustion engine, in particular a turbocharged diesel piston engine known in the a fuel injection system and a pressure relief system are provided with an electronic control. With help the controller is a method for braking the internal combustion engine feasible, on the one hand during a Compression stroke a small amount of fuel before the top Dead center of the piston is burned in the respective combustion chamber and on the other hand, an outlet valve at the top dead center of the piston is opened. The method for braking the internal combustion engine is dependent on the accelerator pedal position and / or an arbitrary manual operation a switch on the dashboard feasible. Point of time the pre-injection is pre-set, ensures a adequate combustion before reaching top dead center and ensures that no misfiring occurs.
Aus der US 3,023,870 ist ebenfalls eine Einrichtung zum Abbremsen einer Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, bei der eine manuell betätigbare Vorrichtung zur Vorverlegung des Zundzeitpunkts weit vor den oberen Totpunkt eines Kolbens in einem Zylinder vorgesehen ist. Die Intensität des dabei ausgeübten Bremsvorgangs wird über eine Betätigung des Fahrpedals (resultierend in einer Änderung der verbrannten Kraftstoffmenge) gesteuert. Ferner ist ein über eine Betätigung eines Bremspedals initialisiertes vorzeitiges Öffnen eines Auslaßventils vorgesehen.From US 3,023,870 is also a device for Braking an internal combustion engine is known in which one manually operated device for advancing the Ignition time far before the top dead center of a piston in a cylinder is provided. The intensity of it Braking is carried out by actuating the Accelerator pedal (resulting in a change in the burned Fuel quantity) controlled. Furthermore, one is via an actuation of a brake pedal initialized opening of a Exhaust valve provided.
Aus der DE-PS 34 28 626 ist eine Betätigungsvorrichtung für eine Motorbremse an einer Viertakt-Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, die eine in der Abgasleitung angeordnete Drosselklappe und für jeden Zylinder ein Zusatz-Auslaßventil zum Abblasen von verdichteter Luft in die Abgasleitung aufweist. Dabei werden bei Betätigung des Bremspedals die oder einige der Zusatz-Auslaßventile geöffnet und damit die Arbeitsdrücke in dem oder einigen der Zylinder verringert und dann die Drosselklappe geschlossen.From DE-PS 34 28 626 is an actuator for an engine brake on a four-stroke internal combustion engine is known, which is arranged in the exhaust pipe throttle valve and for an additional exhaust valve for blowing off each cylinder compressed air in the exhaust pipe. In doing so when the brake pedal is operated, one or more of the additional exhaust valves opened and thus the working pressures in the or some of the cylinders decreased and then the throttle valve closed.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, mit dem eine Brennkraftmaschine der gattungsgemäßen Art schneller und wirkungsvoller abgebremst werden kann, als dies mit bekannten Motorbremsen der Fall ist. Ferner ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung ein Kraftfahrzeug zu schaffen, das von einer entsprechend steuerbaren Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben ist und insbesondere im Notfall schnell zum Stillstand gebracht werden kann.The object of the invention is to provide a method with which an internal combustion engine of the generic type faster and can be slowed down more effectively than with known engine brakes is the case. It is also the task of Invention to create a motor vehicle by one is driven according to controllable internal combustion engine and be brought to a standstill quickly, especially in an emergency can.
Die gestellte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch das im
Anspruch 1 beschriebene Verfahren sowie durch das im Anspruch 7
beschriebene Kraftfahrzeug gelöst.The object is achieved by the im
The method described in
Bei dem Verfahren ist der Zeitpunkt, zu dem eine vorzeitige Verbrennung ausgelöst und gegebenenfalls ein Auslaßventil geöffnet wird, in Abhängigkeit von der Betätigung einer Radbremsanlage und/oder in Abhängigkeit vom Ansprechen einer Antiblockiervorrichtung veränderbar. Es wird auf den Kolben ein hoher, rücktreibender Verbrennungsdruck ausgeübt, der ein äußerst schnelles Abbremsen der Brennkraftmaschine bewirkt. The procedure is the time at which an early Combustion triggered and possibly an exhaust valve is opened, depending on the actuation of a wheel brake system and / or depending on the response of one Anti-lock device changeable. It gets on the piston high, driving combustion pressure exerted on the causes the internal combustion engine to brake extremely quickly.
Durch die Koppelung der Einrichtung zum Abbremsen der Brennkraftmaschine mit den Mitteln zur Betätigung des Radbremssystems kann beispielsweise sichergestellt werden, daß das Radbremssystem betätigt ist, wenn die Brennkraftmaschine abgebremst wird. Dazu ist vorgesehen, daß die Intensität des Abbremsens der Brennkraftmaschine, also der Zeitpunkt des Auslösens der vorzeitigen Verbrennung und gegebenenfalls des Öffnens der Auslaßventile, von der Betätigung des Bremspedals oder, falls vorhanden, vom Ansprechen einer Antiblockiereinrichtung beeinflußt wird, um einen größtmöglichen Bremseffekt zu erzielen. Umgekehrt kann die Radbremseinrichtung durch entsprechende Koppelung mittels einer Steuer- bzw. Regelungslogik gleichzeitig mit dem Abbremsen der Brennkraftmaschine aktiviert werden.By coupling the device for braking the internal combustion engine with the means for actuating the wheel brake system can be ensured, for example, that the Wheel brake system is actuated when the internal combustion engine is braked. It is provided that the intensity of the Braking the internal combustion engine, that is the time of Triggering the premature combustion and possibly the Opening the exhaust valves from the actuation of the brake pedal or, if available, the response of an anti-lock device is influenced to the greatest possible braking effect to achieve. Conversely, the wheel brake device through appropriate coupling by means of a control or Control logic simultaneously with the braking of the internal combustion engine to be activated.
Um dabei die Ausübung eines antreibenden Verbrennungsdruckes auf die Kolben mit Sicherheit auszuschließen, kann vorgesehen werden, daß gegen Ende des Verdichtungstaktes mindestens ein Auslaßventil pro Zylinder geöffnet wird. Die Auslaßventile können zusätzliche, z. B. aus der genannten DE-PS 34 28 626 bekannte, elektrisch oder durch ein Druckmedium betätigbare Ventile sein oder auch normale Gaswechsel-Auslaßventile, wenn deren Steuerzeiten so verändert werden können, daß der gewünschte Öffnungsbeginn erreicht wird.To exercise a driving combustion pressure to exclude the pistons with certainty can be provided be that at the end of the compression cycle at least one Exhaust valve per cylinder is opened. The exhaust valves can additional, e.g. B. from said DE-PS 34 28 626th known, electrically or by a pressure medium operable Be valves or normal gas exchange exhaust valves if whose tax times can be changed so that the desired opening start is reached.
Das Auslösen der vorzeitigen Verbrennung kann bei Otto-Brennkraftmaschinen durch entsprechendes Vorverlegen des Zündzeitpunktes erfolgen, das weit über die übliche Frühzündung hinausgeht, und bei Diesel-Brennkraftmaschine durch entsprechende Früheinspritzung, die wiederum weit vor der wegen des Zündverzuges erfolgenden Früheinspritzung stattfindet. Im Bedarfsfall kann auch bei Diesel-Brennkraftmaschinen eine Zündhilfe z. B. in Form einer Zünd- oder Glühkerze vorgesehen werden.The triggering of premature combustion can be in Otto internal combustion engines by advancing the ignition timing accordingly take place far beyond the usual spark advance goes out, and with diesel internal combustion engine by appropriate Early injection, which in turn is way ahead of the way of the ignition delay occurs early injection. in the If necessary, one can also be used for diesel internal combustion engines Ignition aid z. B. provided in the form of a spark or glow plug become.
Zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird eine Vorrichtung vorgeschlagen, die eine Einrichtung zur Frühverstellung des Zeitpunktes, zu dem die vorzeitige Verbrennung ausgelöst und gegebenenfalls ein Auslaßventil geöffnet wird, wobei die Frühverstellung in Abhängigkeit von der Betätigung einer Radbremsanlage und/oder in Abhängigkeit vom Ansprechen einer Antiblockiervorrichtung erfolgt.To carry out the method according to the invention, a Device proposed that a device for Early adjustment of the time at which the premature Combustion triggered and possibly an exhaust valve is opened, the early adjustment depending on the actuation of a wheel brake system and / or depending by responding to an anti-lock device.
Die genannte Einrichtung ermöglicht ein Abbremsen der Brennkraftmaschine in Abhängigkeit von Mitteln zur Betätigung des Radbremssystems und/oder einer Antiblockiervorrichtung. So ist beispielsweise sichergestellt, daß das Radbremssystem betätigt ist, wenn die Brennkraftmaschine im Notfall abgebremst wird. Beim Ansprechen der Antiblockiereinrichtung erreicht die Einrichtung einen größtmöglichen Bremseffekt durch gleichzeitige Frühverstellung des Zeitpunktes, zu dem die vorzeitige Verbrennung ausgelöst und gegebenenfalls ein Auslaßventil geöffnet wird.The device mentioned enables the internal combustion engine to be braked depending on means of actuating the Wheel brake system and / or an anti-lock device. So is for example, ensure that the wheel brake system is actuated is when the internal combustion engine is braked in an emergency. When the anti-lock device responds, the Establish the greatest possible braking effect simultaneous early adjustment of the time at which the premature combustion triggered and possibly on Exhaust valve is opened.
Die genannte Vorrichtung weist vorzugsweise einen Notfallschalter zum Aktivieren dieser Einrichtung auf, durch dessen Betätigung eine die normale Regelung für den Zündzeitpunkt oder den Einspritzzeitpunkt übersteuernde Regelung einsetzt und gegebenenfalls die Auslaßventile zum richtigen Zeitpunkt geöffnet werden. Durch Betätigung des Notfallschalters kann gegebenenfalls ein optisches oder akustisches Signal ausgelöst werden. Bei einem Kraftfahrzeug, das von einer Brennkraftmaschine mit der vorgenannten Einrichtung angetrieben ist, ist der Notfallschalter im Fahrerraum angeordnet. Der Notfallschalter sollte selbstverständlich so angebracht sein, daß er einerseits nicht versehentlich und andererseits nicht nur vom Fahrer, sondern auch von einem Beifahrer betätigt werden kann. The device mentioned preferably has an emergency switch to activate this facility by Actuation on the normal control for the ignition timing or control overriding the injection timing and if necessary, the exhaust valves at the right time be opened. By pressing the emergency switch possibly triggered an optical or acoustic signal become. In a motor vehicle by an internal combustion engine is driven with the aforementioned device the emergency switch is located in the driver's compartment. The emergency switch should of course be so attached that he on the one hand not accidentally and on the other hand not only from Driver, but can also be operated by a passenger.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben.
- Fig. 1
- zeigt schematisch die Anwendung der Erfindung auf eine Fahrzeug-Brennkraftmaschine, und
- fig. 2
- ist ein Teilschnitt des Zylinderkopfes.
- Fig. 1
- shows schematically the application of the invention to a vehicle internal combustion engine, and
- fig. 2
- is a partial section of the cylinder head.
Eine Viertakt-Otto-Brennkraftmaschine 1 weist einen Zylinderblock
2 mit Zylindern 3 und Kolben 4 sowie einen Zylinderkopf
5 auf, in dem für jeden Zylinder neben den üblichen Gaswechsel-Einlaß-
und Auslaßventilen ein zusätzliches,
beispielsweise pneumatisch oder hydraulisch gesteuertes
Auslaßventil 7 (Fig. 2) angeordnet ist. Der Zylinderkopf 5
enthält ferner die Nockenwelle zur Betätigung der Gaswechselventile
sowie die schematisch dargestellte Einspritz- und
Zündanlage 6, die im Normalbetrieb von einer Elektronik 8
geregelt wird.A four-stroke Otto
Um insbesondere im Notfall ein schnelles Abbremsen der
Brennkraftmaschine 1 und damit des von dieser angetriebenen
Fahrzeuges zu erreichen, ist ein eigener elektronischer
Regler 9 vorgesehen, der durch einen Notfallschalter 10
beispielsweise im Armaturenbrett 11 des Fahrzeuges aktiviert
werden kann und einerseits den Zündzeitpunkt unabhängig von
der Einstellung durch die Elektronik 8 so in Richtung "früh"
verstellt, daß die Verbrennung in jedem Zylinder schon
während des Verdichtungstaktes, also weit vor Erreichen des
oberen Totpunktes des Kolbens 4, ausgelöst wird, und andererseits
gegen Ende des Verdichtungstaktes das zusätzliche
Auslaßventil 7 öffnet. Durch die vorzeitige Verbrennung wirkt
auf den Kolben 4 ein rücktreibender Verbrennungsdruck, der
ein schnelles Abbremsen der Brennkraftmaschine bewirkt. Durch
das Öffnen des zusätzlichen Auslaßventils 7 gegen Ende des
Verdichtungstaktes wird vermieden, daß nach Durchlaufen des
oberen Totpunktes eine antreibende Druckkraft auf den Kolben
4 wirkt.In order to brake the
Das in Fig. 2 dargestellte zusätzliche Auslaßventil 7 sperrt
im geschlossenen Zustand einen Kanal 12, der an den nicht
dargestellten Zylinderraum angeschlossen ist und von dem ein
Kanal 13 ausgeht, der zu dem nicht dargestellten Auslaßkanal
der Brennkraftmaschine 1 oder zu der Turbine eines Abgasturboladers
geführt ist, die einen dem Bremsbetrieb angepaßten
engen Strömungsquerschnitt haben kann. Das Ventil 7
wird durch eine Feder 14 im Schließsinn beaufschlagt und
trägt einen Steuerkolben 15, der verschiebbar in einem
Zylinder 16 sitzt und mit einem Deckel 17 einen Druckraum 18
begrenzt, dem durch einen Anschluß 19 ein Druckmedium
zugeführt werden kann, um das Ventil 7 zu öffnen. Die
Zuführung des Druckmediums wird von dem Regler 9 gesteuert. The
Das zusätzliche Auslaßventil 7 kann entfallen, wenn die
Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Ventiltrieb mit variablen
Steuerzeiten ausgestattet ist und die Gaswechsel-Auslaßventile
durch den Regler 9 so gesteuert werden können, daß
sie zum Ende des Verdichtungstaktes geöffnet werden.The
Der Regler 9 kann eine Signaleinrichtung 20 aktivieren, die
bei Betätigung des Notfallschalters 10 ein optisches oder
akustisches Signal auslöstThe
Bei der dargestellten Verwendung der Brennkraftmaschine 1 zum
Antrieb eines Kraftfahrzeuges kann es zweckmäßig sein, den
Abbremsvorgang der Brennkraftmaschine, der durch Betätigen
des Notfallknopfes 10 und Aktivierung des Reglers 9 ausgelöst
wurde, mit der Betriebsbremse, also mit der vom Bremspedal 21
betätigbaren Radbremsanlage 22, zu koppeln, was in Fig. 1
durch die Leitung 23 angedeutet ist. Damit kann beispielsweise
sichergestellt werden, daß die Radbremsanlage 22 bei
Betätigung des Notfallschalters 10 voll aktiviert ist.In the illustrated use of the
Es ist auch möglich, den Abbremsvorgang der Brennkraftmaschine
durch das Bremspedal 21 zu beeinflussen, indem
mittels eines weiteren Reglers 24, der durch die Leitung 25
mit dem Regler 9 verbunden oder in ihm enthalten ist, die
Intensität des Abbremsvorganges verändert, also bei voll
durchgedrücktem Bremspedal die Verbrennung im Verdichtungstakt
so ausgelöst wird, daß der größtmögliche Bremseffekt
erreicht wird, während beim Ansprechen eines etwa vorhandenen
Antiblockiersystems 26, das dem Regler 9 über die Leitung 27
ein entsprechendes Signal zuführt, die Verbrennung später
ausgelöst und/oder das zusätzliche Auslaßventil 7 (oder ein
Gaswechsel-Auslaßventil) früher geöffnet und die Bremswirkung
der Brennkraftmaschine verringert wird.It is also possible to slow down the engine
influenced by the
Der Regler 9 braucht nicht direkt auf die Einspritz- und
Zündanlage 6 zu wirken, sondern er kann stattdessen über eine
Leitung 28 mit der Elektronik 8 verbunden werden und diese
entsprechend beinflussen..The
Bei einer Diesel-Brennkraftmaschine wird eine Verbrennung während des Verdichtungstaktes dadurch ausgelöst, daß die Kraftstoff-Einspritzung entsprechend lange vor Erreichen des oberen Totpunktes des Kolbens erfolgt. Im Bedarfsfall kann eine Zündhilfe z.B. in Form einer Zünd- oder Glühkerze vorgesehen werden.In a diesel internal combustion engine, combustion occurs triggered during the compression stroke that the Fuel injection accordingly long before reaching the top dead center of the piston. If necessary, can an ignition aid e.g. in the form of a spark or glow plug be provided.
Das Abbremsen der Brennkraftmaschine kann noch dadurch beschleunigt werden, daß in bekannter Weise der Staudruck in der Auspuffleitung erhöht wird, z.B. durch eine Drosselklappe in der Auspuffleitung oder bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Abgasturbolader, dessen Turbine mit einem variablen Leitgitter versehen ist, durch Verstellen desselben (siehe z.B. DE-C 42 32 400).The braking of the internal combustion engine can still do so be accelerated that the dynamic pressure in the exhaust pipe is increased, e.g. through a throttle valve in the exhaust line or with an internal combustion engine an exhaust gas turbocharger, the turbine with a variable Guide vane is provided by adjusting it (see e.g. DE-C 42 32 400).
Claims (10)
- A process for braking a four stroke internal combustion engine, in particular to drive a motor vehicle, with at least one exhaust valve per cylinder,characterised in thatcombustion in the cylinders being triggered during the compression stroke in such a manner thatpressure increases causing the internal combustion engine to brake before the pistons in the cylinders reach upper dead centre,
the point at which early combustion is triggered and where appropriate an exhaust valve (7) is opened may be modifieddependent upon the actuation of a wheel braking system (22) and/ordependent upon the initiation of an anti-lock braking system (26). - A process in accordance with claim 1,
characterised in that
at least one exhaust valve per cylinder is opened towards the end of the compression stroke. - A process in accordance with claim 2,
characterised in that
an additional valve is provided as the exhaust valve. - A process in accordance with at least one of claims 2 to 3,
characterised in that
a charge changing valve with modifiable valve timing is provided as the exhaust valve. - A process in accordance with at least one of claims 1 to 4,
characterised in that
early combustion is triggered by spark ignition during the compression stroke. - A process in accordance with at least one of claims 1 to 5,
characterised in that
in a diesel-powered internal combustion engine fuel is injected so far before top dead centre that the early combustion during the compression stroke causes an increase in pressure in the combustion chambers with a braking effect. - A motor vehicle with a four stroke internal combustion engine which has at least one exhaust valve (7) per cylinder, combustion in the cylinders being triggered during the compression stroke in such a manner that pressure increases causing the internal combustion engine to brake before the pistons in the cylinders reach upper dead centre
characterised bya device (9) for advancing the point at which early combustion is triggered and where necessary an exhaust valve is opened, this advance taking placedependent upon the actuation of a wheel braking system (22) and/ordependent upon the initiation of an anti-lock braking system (26). - A motor vehicle in accordance with claim 7,
characterised in that
an emergency switch (10) positioned in the passenger compartment is assigned to the device (9). - A motor vehicle in accordance with claim 8,
characterised in that
an optical or acoustic signal device (20) is triggered when the emergency switch (10) is actuated. - A motor vehicle in accordance with claim 8 or 9,
characterised in that
the wheel braking system (22) can be activated simultaneously with the actuation of the emergency switch (10).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19614923A DE19614923C2 (en) | 1996-04-16 | 1996-04-16 | Motor vehicle with an additional braking device and method for emergency braking of such a motor vehicle |
| DE19614923 | 1996-04-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0822321A1 EP0822321A1 (en) | 1998-02-04 |
| EP0822321B1 true EP0822321B1 (en) | 2002-09-18 |
Family
ID=7791380
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97102964A Expired - Lifetime EP0822321B1 (en) | 1996-04-16 | 1997-02-24 | Method for slowing down a 4 stroke internal combustion engine, in particular, when used for vehicle propulsion |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0822321B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19614923C2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014193349A1 (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-12-04 | International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc | Engine braking |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19717068C1 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-06-18 | Daimler Benz Ag | Internal combustion engine for road vehicle |
| DE19802626C1 (en) * | 1998-01-24 | 1998-12-17 | Daimler Benz Ag | Method of operating Diesel internal combustion engine |
| FR2795133B1 (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2002-07-12 | Renault | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH A VIEW TO OBTAINING AN ENGINE BRAKE EFFECT |
| DE19951592B4 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2006-05-18 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Device for regulating the braking power of an internal combustion engine |
| US6336447B1 (en) * | 2000-05-08 | 2002-01-08 | Mack Trucks, Inc. | Method and apparatus for compression brake enhancement using fuel and an intercooler bypass |
| DE102010031095B4 (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2013-05-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and control device for operating an internal combustion engine |
| GB2613385A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2023-06-07 | Cummins Inc | Engine braking with fuel injection for internal combustion engines |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2178152A (en) * | 1938-03-14 | 1939-10-31 | Clinton L Walker | Brake cycle for internal combustion engines |
| US3023870A (en) * | 1960-02-15 | 1962-03-06 | Jaime K Udelman | Auxiliary brake for vehicles employing ignition advance feature and exhaust valve opening advance feature |
| DE3332664A1 (en) * | 1982-12-20 | 1984-01-19 | Erler Karl Heinz | Emergency, stop, warning and safety device for motor vehicles with combustion engine |
| DE3319025A1 (en) * | 1983-05-26 | 1984-11-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Method and device for limiting the speed of internal combustion engines |
| DE3428626A1 (en) * | 1984-08-03 | 1986-02-13 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Four-stroke internal combustion engine |
| DE3734489A1 (en) * | 1987-08-26 | 1989-04-20 | Herbert Haedrich | Emergency brake arrangement for truck or similar vehicle |
| DE3728515A1 (en) * | 1987-08-26 | 1989-03-16 | Herbert Haedrich | Emergency brake arrangement for truck or similar vehicle |
| EP0320536A1 (en) * | 1987-12-15 | 1989-06-21 | Van Doorne's Bedrijfswagenfabriek DAF B.V. | Engine compression brake |
| DE3900739A1 (en) * | 1989-01-12 | 1990-07-19 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | METHOD FOR INCREASING ENGINE BRAKING PERFORMANCE IN FOUR-STROKE PISTON PISTON COMBUSTION ENGINES |
| DE4125831A1 (en) * | 1991-08-03 | 1992-10-15 | Daimler Benz Ag | IC engine brake - has cylinder venting valve and solenoid driven valve with spring closure |
| DE4425956C2 (en) * | 1994-07-21 | 1997-06-05 | Daimler Benz Ag | Method and device for operating a diesel engine |
| US5634447A (en) * | 1996-03-07 | 1997-06-03 | Navistar International Transportation Corp. | Electronic fuel injection augmentation of an engine compression brake |
-
1996
- 1996-04-16 DE DE19614923A patent/DE19614923C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-02-24 EP EP97102964A patent/EP0822321B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-24 DE DE59708241T patent/DE59708241D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014193349A1 (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-12-04 | International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc | Engine braking |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19614923C2 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
| DE19614923A1 (en) | 1997-10-23 |
| EP0822321A1 (en) | 1998-02-04 |
| DE59708241D1 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
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