EP0370218B1 - Four-stroke internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Four-stroke internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0370218B1
EP0370218B1 EP89118790A EP89118790A EP0370218B1 EP 0370218 B1 EP0370218 B1 EP 0370218B1 EP 89118790 A EP89118790 A EP 89118790A EP 89118790 A EP89118790 A EP 89118790A EP 0370218 B1 EP0370218 B1 EP 0370218B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion engine
valves
brake switch
speed
internal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89118790A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0370218A1 (en
Inventor
Eckhard Weiss
Horst Bergmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler Benz AG
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Daimler Benz AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Benz AG filed Critical Daimler Benz AG
Publication of EP0370218A1 publication Critical patent/EP0370218A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0370218B1 publication Critical patent/EP0370218B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/04—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation using engine as brake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a four-stroke internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a four-stroke internal combustion engine in which braking is brought about by the fact that compressed air from the cylinder chamber is passed through additional exhaust valves, which are actuated by an adjusting device, into the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine during the entire braking process and that the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine are throttled by a throttle valve which can be adjusted by means of an actuating device in the outlet duct of the internal combustion engine, the adjusting device and the actuating device being actuated by a directional control valve which can be adjusted as a function of the brake pedal.
  • the additional exhaust valves and the exhaust throttle valve can be actuated in any order and combination by actuating the brake pedal.
  • an engine brake is known from US-Z "Automotive Industries” from February 15, 1971, pages 45 to 52, in which the exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine are opened from the brake pedal for the engine brake operation.
  • This engine brake is also designed such that when the injection pump is delivered at zero, the actuating devices for adjusting the exhaust valves for engine brake operation are deactivated. Disadvantages are, on the one hand, the relatively high actuating forces required on the exhaust valves and, on the other hand, that further engine braking operation is not possible below a certain speed of the internal combustion engine or flow rate.
  • the object of the invention is to design an internal combustion engine of the generic type so that a safe engine braking operation in the entire speed range is ensured without disadvantage for the braking process of the vehicle.
  • the actuating devices on the engine brake of the internal combustion engine can be controlled from the brake switch via separate directional control valve.
  • a speed switch ensures that the auxiliary exhaust valves are automatically set to the closed position when the engine speed falls below a lower limit.
  • a 6-cylinder in-line internal combustion engine 1 with an exhaust port 2 is shown schematically.
  • a throttle valve 3 is provided, which can be adjusted via an actuating device 4.
  • engine braking is achieved in a known manner by opening an additional exhaust valve 5 for each of the cylinders 6 of the internal combustion engine 1.
  • These additional exhaust valves 5 each have their own actuating device 7.
  • the actuating device 4 of the throttle valve 3 can be controlled via a control line 10 by means of a directional valve 9 which is acted upon by a supply line through a supply line 8.
  • the actuating devices 7 of the additional outlet valves 5 can be controlled via a further separate directional valve 18 and a control line 11, the directional valve 18 being supplied with the auxiliary force - compressed oil or compressed air via a supply line 19.
  • Both directional control valves 9 and 18 are connected to a brake switch 21 via separate control lines 20 and 21.
  • a speed switch 13 which is connected to a speed sensor 14 provided on the internal combustion engine, is arranged in the control line 21 between the directional valve 18 and the branch to the control line 20.
  • an adjusting device 16 is actuated via the directional valve 9 and a control line 15, which interrupts the fuel delivery to the injection pump 17.
  • the speed sensor 14 arranged on the internal combustion engine 1 now recognizes the drop in the speed into the idling range by falling below a lower speed limit, the speed switch 13 is brought into its open position, which thus interrupts the actuation of the directional control valve 18.
  • the directional control valve 18 returns to its rest position (vented position), so that the pressure in the control line 11 is reduced and the additional outlet valves 5 are closed. At the same time the pressure in the control line 15 is also reduced and fuel is thus supplied to the injection pump 17.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Viertakt-Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a four-stroke internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der DE-OS 34 28 626 ist eine Viertakt-Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, bei der eine Bremsung dadurch bewirkt wird, daß während des gesamten Bremsvorganges verdichtete Luft aus dem Zylinderraum über Zusatzauslaßventile, welche von einer Verstellvorrichtung betätigt werden, in den Auslaßkanal der Brennkraftmaschine geleitet wird und daß die Abgase der Brennkraftmaschine durch eine mittels einer Betätigungseinrichtung verstellbare Drosselklappe im Auslaßkanal der Brennkraftmaschine gedrosselt werden, wobei die Verstellvorrichtung sowie die Betätigungseinrichtung durch ein bremspedalabhängig verstellbares Wegeventil betätigt werden. Über die Betätigung des Bremspedals kann - je nach Wegeventil - die Betätigung der Zusatzauslaßventile und der Abgasdrosselklappe in beliebiger Reihenfolge und Kombination erfolgen. Bei geöffneten Zusatzauslaßventilen kann keine Motorzündung mehr erfolgen. Die Folge davon ist, daß der Motor, wenn er dabei im Leerlaufbereich betrieben wird, absterben kann.From DE-OS 34 28 626 a four-stroke internal combustion engine is known, in which braking is brought about by the fact that compressed air from the cylinder chamber is passed through additional exhaust valves, which are actuated by an adjusting device, into the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine during the entire braking process and that the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine are throttled by a throttle valve which can be adjusted by means of an actuating device in the outlet duct of the internal combustion engine, the adjusting device and the actuating device being actuated by a directional control valve which can be adjusted as a function of the brake pedal. Depending on the directional control valve, the additional exhaust valves and the exhaust throttle valve can be actuated in any order and combination by actuating the brake pedal. When the auxiliary exhaust valves are open, engine ignition can no longer take place. The consequence of this is that the engine can die if it is operated in the idling range.

Ferner ist aus der US-Z "Automotive Industries" vom 15. Februar 1971, Seite 45 bis 52 eine Motorbremse bekannt, bei der für den Motorbremsbetrieb die Auslaßventile der Brennkraftmaschine vom Bremspedal aus spaltweit geöffnet werden. Diese Motorbremse ist außerdem so ausgebildet, daß bei Null-Förderung der Einspritzpumpe, die Stelleinrichtungen zur Verstellung der Auslaßventile für den Motorbremsbetrieb deaktiviert sind.
Von Nachteil sind einmal die relativ hohen an den Auslaßventilen erforderlichen Stellkräfte und zum anderen, daß unterhalb einer bestimmten Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine bzw. Fördermenge ein weiterer Motorbremsbetrieb nicht möglich ist.Furthermore, an engine brake is known from US-Z "Automotive Industries" from February 15, 1971, pages 45 to 52, in which the exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine are opened from the brake pedal for the engine brake operation. This engine brake is also designed such that when the injection pump is delivered at zero, the actuating devices for adjusting the exhaust valves for engine brake operation are deactivated.
Disadvantages are, on the one hand, the relatively high actuating forces required on the exhaust valves and, on the other hand, that further engine braking operation is not possible below a certain speed of the internal combustion engine or flow rate.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Brennkraftmaschine der gattungsgemäßen Art so auszugestalten, daß ohne Nachteil für den Bremsvorgang des Fahrzeugs ein sicherer Motorbremsbetrieb im gesamten Drehzahlbereich der gewährleistet ist.The object of the invention is to design an internal combustion engine of the generic type so that a safe engine braking operation in the entire speed range is ensured without disadvantage for the braking process of the vehicle.

Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß durch die im Kennzeichen des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.The object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of independent claim 1.

Zu diesem Zweck sind die Betätigungseinrichtungen an der Motorbremse der Brennkraftmaschine über separate Wegeventil vom Bremssschalter aus ansteuerbar. Außerdem sorgt ein Drehzahlschalter dafür, daß bei Unterschreiten einer unteren Grenzdrehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine die Zusatzauslaßventile automatisch in Schließstellung eingestellt werden. Dadurch kann die Brennkraftmaschine weiterbetrieben werden, und es wird der Motorbremsbetrieb nur teilweise aufgehoben, da die Drosselklappe unabhängig von den Zusatzauslaßventilen nur in Abhängigkeit vom Bremsschalter in der Drosselstellung eingestellt bleiben.For this purpose, the actuating devices on the engine brake of the internal combustion engine can be controlled from the brake switch via separate directional control valve. In addition, a speed switch ensures that the auxiliary exhaust valves are automatically set to the closed position when the engine speed falls below a lower limit. As a result, the internal combustion engine can continue to be operated and the engine brake operation is only partially canceled, since the throttle valve remains set in the throttle position independently of the additional exhaust valves only as a function of the brake switch.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung sei nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawing.

In dem dargestellten einzigen Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist schematisch eine 6-Zylinder-Reihen-Brennkraftmaschine 1 mit einem Auslaßkanal 2 dargestellt. In diesem Auslaßkanal 2 ist eine Drosselklappe 3 vorgesehen, die über eine Betätigungseinrichtung 4 verstellt werden kann. Zusätzlich zur Motorbremsung durch Abgasdrosselung mittels Drosselklappe 3 wird in bekannter Weise eine Motorbremsung durch öffnen eines Zusatzauslaßventils 5 für jeden der Zylinder 6 der Brennkraftmaschine 1 erzielt. Diese Zusatzauslaßventile 5 weisen jedes für sich eine eigene Betätigungseinrichtung 7 auf. Durch ein durch eine Zuführleitung 8 mit einer Hilfskraft beaufschlagtes Wegeventil 9 ist die Betätigungseinrichtung 4 der Drosselklappe 3 über eine Steuerleitung 10 ansteuerbar. Die Betätigungseinrichtungen 7 der Zusatzauslaßventile 5 sind über ein weiteres separates Wegeventil 18 und eine Steuerleitung 11 ansteuerbar, wobei das Wegeventil 18 über eine Zufuhrleitung 19 mit der Hilfskraft - Drucköl bzw. Druckluft versorgt wird. Beide Wegeventile 9 und 18 sind über getrennte Ansteuerleitungen 20 und 21 mit einem Bremsschalter 21 verbunden. In der Ansteuerleitung 21 ist zwischen dem Wegeventil 18 und der Verzweigung zur Ansteuerleitung 20 ein Drehzahlschalter 13 angeordnet, der mit einem an der Brennkraftmaschine vorgesehenen Drehzahlgeber 14 in Verbindung steht.In the illustrated single embodiment of the invention, a 6-cylinder in-line internal combustion engine 1 with an exhaust port 2 is shown schematically. In this outlet channel 2, a throttle valve 3 is provided, which can be adjusted via an actuating device 4. In addition to engine braking by exhaust gas throttling by means of throttle valve 3, engine braking is achieved in a known manner by opening an additional exhaust valve 5 for each of the cylinders 6 of the internal combustion engine 1. These additional exhaust valves 5 each have their own actuating device 7. The actuating device 4 of the throttle valve 3 can be controlled via a control line 10 by means of a directional valve 9 which is acted upon by a supply line through a supply line 8. The actuating devices 7 of the additional outlet valves 5 can be controlled via a further separate directional valve 18 and a control line 11, the directional valve 18 being supplied with the auxiliary force - compressed oil or compressed air via a supply line 19. Both directional control valves 9 and 18 are connected to a brake switch 21 via separate control lines 20 and 21. A speed switch 13, which is connected to a speed sensor 14 provided on the internal combustion engine, is arranged in the control line 21 between the directional valve 18 and the branch to the control line 20.

Während der Motorbremsung wird über das Wegeventil 9 und eine Steuerleitung 15 eine Verstellvorrichtung 16 betätigt, die die Kraftstofförderung zur Einspritzpumpe 17 unterbricht. Erkennt nun der an der Brennkraftmaschine 1 angeordnete Drehzahlgeber 14 das Absinken der Drehzahl in den Leerlaufbereich durch Unterschreiten einer unteren Drehzahlgrenze, so wird der Drehzahlschalter 13 in seine offene Stellung gebracht, der damit die Ansteuerung des Wegeventils 18 unterbricht. Das Wegeventil 18 kehrt in seine Ruhestellung (entlüftete Position) zurück, so daß der Druck in der Steuerleitung 11 abgebaut wird und die Zusatzauslaßventile 5 geschlossen werden. Gleichzeitig wird auch der Druck in der Steuerleitung 15 abgebaut und dadurch der Einspritzpumpe 17 Kraftstoff zugeführt. Dadurch, daß für die Steuerung der Zusatzauslaßventile 5 und der Drosselklappe 3 separate Wegeventile 9 und 18 vorgesehen sind, kehrt nur das Wegeventil 18 über den Drehzahlschalter 13 gesteuert, in seine Ruhestellung (entlüftete Position) zurück. Auf diese Weise bleibt im Leerlaufbereich der Brennkraftmaschine 1 bei betätigtem Bremspedal 12 die Bremswirkung durch die Abgasdrosselklappe 3 erhalten. Ein Absterben der Brennkraftmaschine 1 infolge fehlender Zündung durch offene Zusatzauslaßventile bzw. durch zu hohen Abgasgegendruck ist dadurch ausgeschlossen. Die Motorbremse steht erst dann wieder voll zur Verfügung, wenn die Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine 1 den Grenzwert wieder überschritten hat.During engine braking, an adjusting device 16 is actuated via the directional valve 9 and a control line 15, which interrupts the fuel delivery to the injection pump 17. If the speed sensor 14 arranged on the internal combustion engine 1 now recognizes the drop in the speed into the idling range by falling below a lower speed limit, the speed switch 13 is brought into its open position, which thus interrupts the actuation of the directional control valve 18. The directional control valve 18 returns to its rest position (vented position), so that the pressure in the control line 11 is reduced and the additional outlet valves 5 are closed. At the same time the pressure in the control line 15 is also reduced and fuel is thus supplied to the injection pump 17. Characterized in that separate directional control valves 9 and 18 are provided for the control of the additional exhaust valves 5 and the throttle valve 3, only the directional control valve 18, controlled by the speed switch 13, returns to its rest position (vented position). In this way, the braking effect is maintained by the exhaust gas throttle valve 3 in the idling range of the internal combustion engine 1 when the brake pedal 12 is actuated. This prevents the internal combustion engine 1 from dying due to a lack of ignition due to open additional exhaust valves or due to excessive exhaust gas back pressure. The engine brake is only fully available again when the speed of the internal combustion engine 1 has exceeded the limit value again.

Claims (4)

  1. Four-stroke internal-combustion engine (1), especially for driving a motor vehicle, with charge exchange valves and an additional outlet valve (5) adjustable by means of an actuating device (7) and intended for each cylinder (6), and with a throttle flap (3) arranged in the outlet channel (2) of the internal-combustion engine (1) and adjustable by means of an actuating device (4), the actuating devices (4, 7) being actuable by means of at least one adjustable directional valve activated by a brake switch (12), and, after actuation of the brake switch (12) at speeds above a predetermined limiting speed, a braking of the internal-combustion engine (1) occurring as a result of the opening of the additional outlet valves (5) and throttling of the exhaust gases (3) by the throttle flap set in the closing position during the braking operation, characterised in that the throttle flap (3) and the additional outlet valves (5) can be activated by the brake switch (12) via separate directional valves (9) and (18), and in that, below the predetermined limiting speed and with the brake switch (12) acivated, the additional outlet valves (5) are set in the closing position by a speed switch (13) via the directional valve (18), the throttle flap (3) remaining in the closing position via the directional valve (18) activated directly by the brake switch (12).
  2. Four-stroke internal-combustion engine according to Claim 1, characterised in that the directional valve (9) and the directional valve (18) are connected to the brake switch (12) via separate control lines (20, 21).
  3. Four-stroke internal-combustion engine according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the speed switch (13) is arranged in the control line (21) and is in connection with a speed transmitter (14) provided on the internal-combustion engine (1).
  4. Four-stroke internal-combustion engine according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the actuating devices (4, 7) can be subjected to compressed air via electrically activatable directional valves (9, 18).
EP89118790A 1988-11-23 1989-10-10 Four-stroke internal-combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0370218B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3839449 1988-11-23
DE3839449A DE3839449A1 (en) 1988-11-23 1988-11-23 FOUR-STOCK COMBUSTION ENGINE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0370218A1 EP0370218A1 (en) 1990-05-30
EP0370218B1 true EP0370218B1 (en) 1993-05-26

Family

ID=6367665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89118790A Expired - Lifetime EP0370218B1 (en) 1988-11-23 1989-10-10 Four-stroke internal-combustion engine

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US5036811A (en)
EP (1) EP0370218B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02181012A (en)
DE (2) DE3839449A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4038334C1 (en) * 1990-12-01 1991-11-28 Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De
US5647318A (en) 1994-07-29 1997-07-15 Caterpillar Inc. Engine compression braking apparatus and method
US5540201A (en) 1994-07-29 1996-07-30 Caterpillar Inc. Engine compression braking apparatus and method
US5526784A (en) 1994-08-04 1996-06-18 Caterpillar Inc. Simultaneous exhaust valve opening braking system
DE19844571C2 (en) * 1998-09-29 2000-08-03 Daimler Chrysler Ag Engine braking method for a supercharged internal combustion engine
US7926464B2 (en) * 2008-02-29 2011-04-19 Caterpillar Inc. Power source braking system to prevent engine stalls
NL2007584C2 (en) * 2011-10-12 2012-12-05 Thermass Innovations B V PLUNGER PUMP / ENGINE.

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB859800A (en) * 1958-02-21 1961-01-25 Magneti Marelli Spa Electro pneumatic servocontrol device for the exhaust brake of internal combustion engines of vehicles
DE1207704B (en) * 1961-02-21 1965-12-23 Om Societa Per Azioni Device for the speed-dependent automatic switching off and on of a motor brake
DE3529767A1 (en) * 1975-09-06 1987-02-26 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Engine brake device for an internal combustion engine
US4223649A (en) * 1976-06-01 1980-09-23 Robinson Charles E Motor brake control system
JPS5833239Y2 (en) * 1977-06-25 1983-07-25 株式会社ボッシュオートモーティブ システム Diesel engine stall prevention device
JPS57171011A (en) * 1981-04-13 1982-10-21 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Braking device for multicylinder four stroke cycle internal combustion engine
DE3428627A1 (en) * 1984-08-03 1986-02-13 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart FOUR-STOCK COMBUSTION ENGINE
DE3428626A1 (en) * 1984-08-03 1986-02-13 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Four-stroke internal combustion engine
DE3506894A1 (en) * 1985-02-27 1986-08-28 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln ENGINE BRAKE DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE3712020A1 (en) * 1987-04-09 1988-10-27 Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg VALVE CONTROL DEVICE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3839449A1 (en) 1990-05-31
US5036811A (en) 1991-08-06
JPH02181012A (en) 1990-07-13
JPH0432206B2 (en) 1992-05-28
DE58904491D1 (en) 1993-07-01
EP0370218A1 (en) 1990-05-30

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