EP0814921B1 - Automatic drawing device - Google Patents

Automatic drawing device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0814921B1
EP0814921B1 EP96908170A EP96908170A EP0814921B1 EP 0814921 B1 EP0814921 B1 EP 0814921B1 EP 96908170 A EP96908170 A EP 96908170A EP 96908170 A EP96908170 A EP 96908170A EP 0814921 B1 EP0814921 B1 EP 0814921B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exit
long
product
pulling device
traction
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP96908170A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0814921A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Louis Sauvonnet
Jean Lemire
Lionel Robbe
Jean Chouvel
Pier Bruno Ceccacci
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Trefimetaux SAS
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Trefimetaux SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/27—Carriages; Drives
    • B21C1/30—Drives, e.g. carriage-traversing mechanisms; Driving elements, e.g. drawing chains; Controlling the drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/22—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drawing device according to the preamble of claim 1 and so the field of shaping materials by drawing or drawing to reduce, in one or several drawing passes, the dimensions of objects of very long metal, typically tubes.
  • US-A-1,911,157 describes a device stretching according to the preamble of claim 1 comprising, from upstream to downstream, a pushing of the wire or the bar in a die, a die and a traction device made up of chains continuous carrying three gripping heads, regularly distributed so that a gripping head is always active to pull said wire or said bar.
  • FIGS. 3 to 7 and 3a to 7a illustrate in detail the automatic stretching device according to an embodiment of the invention, a device which comprises, on the one hand in line, stretching means: stretching block (7), cooling block (13) and traction device (16), and on the other hand, an automatic engagement device (19) integrated into these stretching means.
  • stretching means stretching block (7), cooling block (13) and traction device (16)
  • an automatic engagement device (19) integrated into these stretching means a device which comprises, on the one hand in line, stretching means: stretching block (7), cooling block (13) and traction device (16), and on the other hand, an automatic engagement device (19) integrated into these stretching means.
  • the invention makes it possible not only to carry out an automatic engagement of the tube to be stretched in a die, but above all to achieve engagement of the tube as far as the outlet (33) of the traction device (16).
  • the invention aims not only to solve the problems already exposed, but also to manufacture long drawn products, mainly but not exclusively tubes, having excellent surface condition - which excludes many traction devices which injure and mark on the surface the product which is long to stretch.
  • the plaintiff came to the conclusion that all of the problems posed, both economic and of quality, could only be resolved if a traction device based on the use of close driving belts which enclose said long product stretched over a length sufficient to exert the traction force and drive it by simple pressure of the driving belts without injuring it, which therefore required an automatic engagement device allowing precisely the engagement of the long product to stretch to the outlet (33) of the traction device (16).
  • the automatic engagement device (19) can also comprise various specific means of implementation.
  • said auxiliary traction means (20) is chosen so as to present, when moving forward, a sufficient tensile strength to be able to pull said long product (2a) from the outlet of said drawing block (7), through of said cooling block (12), up to the exit of said traction device (16), and to present, in rearward displacement, a sufficient compressive strength so that, thanks to said guide means (24), said means 'automatic hooking / unhooking (21) can be moved to the exit of said drawing block (7).
  • said auxiliary traction means (20) is a steel strip whose lateral positioning is ensured by rails which constitute said guide means (24).
  • this steel strip can be replaced by any other device for transmitting movement and force, for example a cable inserted in small cylindrical sleeves, or even for example a strip in the form of portions of articulated bars, or 'a chain formed of articulated links.
  • auxiliary traction means (20) When the auxiliary traction means (20) is not activated, it must be positioned, at the output of said device traction (16), thanks to a guide means (24a) and garage said auxiliary traction means (20) and said means attachment (21).
  • said secondary means (23) can be a jack (23) as shown in FIGS. 3 to 7, or a drive motor axis or any other equivalent means.
  • said hooking / unhooking means automatic (21) consists of two cams (22) with teeth oriented allowing a gripping of said end of said long product (2) tapered as soon as and as long as the medium automatic hooking / unhooking (21) exerts traction on said forward moving end. See figure 8.
  • said cams (22) have a logarithmic spiral profile of so as to exert pressure on the tip proportional to traction and this for tube manufacturing whose diameters can vary within a fairly wide range.
  • the stretching device may comprise a cooling block (12) with which is associated a wiping box (14).
  • This wiping box (14), the central orifice of which is adapted to the stretched product (2a), is translatable by said guide means (24) and by the thrust of said hooking means (21) up to the exit of said drawing block (7).
  • a cooling block (12) is not per se necessary for implementing the invention, but, taking into account the need to exert traction on the long drawn metal product without injuring it, it is preferable to use , for the drive belts of the traction device (16), slightly abrasive materials, in particular plastic materials or elastomers which may have limited thermal stability.
  • said traction device (16) is a belt or track device (17), which can exert a traction force over a sufficient length LT (18), typically from 1 to 3 m depending on the traction forces required and the frictional forces between the long drawn product and said belts, without injuring the long drawn product.
  • the driving belts are for example constituted by bands of elastomeric material or rubber held against each other by pressure rollers and / or motors.
  • the driving belts (17) could also be replaced by a succession of pairs of rollers which would have an equivalent function, the main thing being that the traction length LT (18) between the driving belts and said long drawn product is sufficient to exert the 'tensile force required for stretching, without injuring the surface of the long drawn product.
  • the device according to the invention may comprise, in the case of drawing tubes, at the outlet of the drawing block (7), means (37) for forming a notch (30 ) to reduce the inside diameter of said tube and, during start-up, facilitate the positioning of the mandrel adapted to each die.
  • the means (37) shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to two cams, the rotation of which leads to the formation of a notch (30), of the type of those shown in FIG. 10.
  • the stretching of tubes implies the presence of a mandrel (11) inside the tube which must, during the drawing of the tube, be caught in the drawing die.
  • the notch (30) is for purpose of allowing the engagement, in the sector (10), of the part of smaller diameter of the mandrel (11). Without notch (30), there is a risk of seeing the mandrel slide.
  • This notch is only made at the tip (4) of the tube to be stretched only insofar as it is a intermediate stretching pass, since the notch made during of the engagement of the tip of the tube is intended to allow engaging the mandrel in the following stretching pass, as will be explained later.
  • the automation means used are known in themselves and can possibly be supplemented by any type sensor, typically long product presence sensor, speed sensor, temperature sensor, allowing reliable use of the stretching device according to the invention.
  • a stretching line (31) comprising in series as many stretching devices according to the invention such as that already described as there are desired stretching passes.
  • This line comprises, between two successive stretching devices, a regulating device (27) allowing the guidance of said long stretched product (2a) towards the inlet of the following stretching block (7a), towards a slicing station or towards any other treatment center for the stretched tube.
  • said regulating device (27) allows the formation of a loop (28) of said long drawn product, and comprises displacement means (29), typically driving rollers between which the product passes long stretched at the end of the loop, and a loop position sensor (27a).
  • FIG. 9 shows the long drawn product entering and leaving said loop as being collinear, the loop control device (27) in fact makes it possible to orient, at the exit of the loop, the long drawn product in the desired direction, as clearly shown in Figure 11.
  • drawing devices typically from 3 to 5, ordered by decreasing die diameter and to constitute a drawing line (31) according to the invention, as shown in the figure 11.
  • a synchronization system for these devices is necessary, in particular because the linear speed of long drawn products increases at the outlet of each die.
  • This synchronization system makes it possible to carry out a sequence of stretching passes with different elongations (for example 160% stretching in the first pass, 130% in the second pass, etc.), unlike the stretching systems of the 'prior art which are designed only for a given stretching range.
  • the drawing line (31) therefore generally comprises means for controlling the position and the speed of said long product (2, 2a, 2b 7), means for controlling the diameter of each regulation loop (28), means for synchronizing the different linear speeds of said long drawn products at the output of each stretching block by varying the speed imposed on the traction devices (16) and / or the means of displacement (29), so that there is neither accumulation or excessive tension of said long products drawn between two successive drawing blocks (7,7a).
  • the invention can be used for drawing products in crowns, such as tubes, wires or bars.
  • the invention can also be used for drawing straight metal products, such as bars and tubes.
  • a complete drawing line (31) was produced as shown in FIG. 11.
  • This line (31) comprises 3 stretching devices (1,1a, 1b) followed by a slicing station (32) which delivers crowns of conditioned tubes (35) ready to be marketed. It made it possible to pass, in 3 stretching passes, to go from a tube diameter of 18 mm to a diameter of 9.52 mm.
  • This line is supplied by baskets (6) of tubes stretch.
  • Each drawing device (1,1a, 1b) includes in series a drawing block (7,7a, 7b), a cooling block (12,12a, 12b) and a traction device (16,16a, 16b) to track fitted with typically rubber belts (17).
  • a loop regulating device (27,27a) makes it possible in particular to orient the drawn tube in the desired direction, and to ensure the necessary flexibility between two devices 'successive stretching, so that there is locally neither accumulation nor lack of stretched tube.
  • the line (31) comprises means for guiding the stretched tube which is all along the line and permanently under position control - except at the level of the loop (28) of the regulating device (27), intended to absorb the jerks.
  • the automatic piloting and line synchronization system known per se, has not been shown in FIG. 11.
  • tip preparation can be performed in masked time, so that, overall, in this example, average productivity to simultaneously achieve the 3 final stretching passes and slicing is between 150 and 250 m / min (effective speed), for maximum speed around 400 m / min on this example, but it can be greater than 1800 m / min.
  • the stretching devices according to the invention are already of great interest in themselves for manufacturing, economically, long drawn products having a high surface quality.
  • the invention gives its full measure in the production of drawing lines (31) according to the invention. Indeed, if we compare a line (31) like that of the example of embodiment, with the devices of the state of the art, the productivity is multiplied approximately by 2 for the only aspect "stretching" since the line (31) performs 3 drawing passes at an effective speed of 200 m / min, while the device of the prior art performs 1 pass at an effective speed of 250 m / min.
  • the trancannage is an operation carried out separately, and not integrated as on the line (31) according to the invention, which presents at the same time a strong reduction in handling and labor costs, and also eliminating the risk of damage to the tubes.
  • the possibility of integrating the slicing (or any other treatment or finishing operation of the drawn tube) in the drawing of the tube results from the fact that the invention allows total guidance of the long drawn product, the trajectory of the long drawn product, perfectly defined, which can be compared to a broken straight line, each change of direction being ensured by a regulating device (27) with a long stretched product loop (28).
  • the drawing means of the prior art which transforms a tube crown into another drawn tube crown, did not allow the integration of the slicing operation - of any other operation - with the drawing of the tube.
  • the cost of a line (31) according to the example is about 4 times less than that of corresponding state of the art equipment including the means of stretching and slicing, and if we compare the footprint of a line (31) according to the example and that, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2, of the equipment according to the state of the technique, this space requirement is approximately 2 times less with a line (31) according to the invention.
  • the invention is not limited to the example of realization and allows to realize, by the modular design of a drawing line, different possibilities.
  • the set of tube drawing passes can be carried out with 2 lines of 4 stretching devices each, the second and last line including the trancannage station.
  • the invention makes it possible to guarantee, thanks to the integration from the slicing station to the drawing line (integration which was not possible with the stretching devices according to state of the art), production of long products drawn with high surface quality.

Description

DOMAINE DE L'INVENTIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'étirage selon le préambule de la revendication 1 et donc le domaine de la mise en forme des matériaux par étirage ou tréfilage pour réduire, en une ou plusieurs passes d'étirage, les dimensions d'objets métalliques de grande longueur, typiquement des tubes.The invention relates to a drawing device according to the preamble of claim 1 and so the field of shaping materials by drawing or drawing to reduce, in one or several drawing passes, the dimensions of objects of very long metal, typically tubes.

ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUESTATE OF THE ART

L'étirage de produits métalliques longs, des tubes en particulier, est typiquement réalisé à l'aide des moyens représentés sur la figure 1.
La figure 1 illustre schématiquement un dispositif standard d'étirage de type "ROTUBLOC" (R) et la mise en oeuvre de ce dispositif d'étirage par lots de 8 paniers de tubes par passe d'étirage:

  • pour une passe d'étirage et donc une filière donnée, 8 paniers de tubes en couronnes, disposés sur un carrousel, défilent successivement devant le bloc d'étirage, où un panier plein alimente la filière en tube, tandis que le panier vide suivant reçoit le tube étiré.
  • à chaque changement de filière, les 7 paniers de tubes défilent devant le bloc d'étirage - et cela, autant de fois qu'il y a de passes d'étirage, généralement de 5 à 10.
  • à la fin de l'étirage, les paniers de tubes étirés sont déplacés vers un poste de trancannage où est effectuée la mise à longueur et le conditionnement des tubes étirés.
The drawing of long metallic products, in particular tubes, is typically carried out using the means shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a standard drawing device of the "ROTUBLOC" type (R) and the implementation of this drawing device in batches of 8 baskets of tubes per drawing pass:
  • for a drawing pass and therefore a given die, 8 baskets of tubes in crowns, arranged on a carousel, pass successively in front of the drawing block, where a full basket feeds the die in tube, while the next empty basket receives the stretched tube.
  • at each change of die, the 7 baskets of tubes pass in front of the drawing block - and this, as many times as there are drawing passes, generally from 5 to 10.
  • at the end of the drawing, the baskets of drawn tubes are moved to a slicing station where the lengthening and conditioning of the drawn tubes is carried out.

En outre, le brevet US-A-1,911,157 décrit un dispositif d'étirage selon le préambule de la revendication 1 comprenant, d'amont en aval, un dispositif de poussée du fil ou de la barre dans une filière, une filière d'étirage et un dispositif de traction constitué de chaínes continues portant trois têtes d'agrippage, régulièrement réparties de manière à ce qu'une tête d'agrippage soit toujours active pour tirer ledit fil ou ladite barre.In addition, US-A-1,911,157 describes a device stretching according to the preamble of claim 1 comprising, from upstream to downstream, a pushing of the wire or the bar in a die, a die and a traction device made up of chains continuous carrying three gripping heads, regularly distributed so that a gripping head is always active to pull said wire or said bar.

PROBLEMES POSESPROBLEMS POSED

Les problèmes posés par le dispositif de l'état de la technique sont de trois ordres:

  • d'une part, bien que les performances techniques intrinsèques de ce dispositif soient en elles-mêmes élevées puisque la vitesse instantanée du tube sur un dispositif "ROTUBLOC" (R) peut atteindre 1000 m/min, sa productivité globale est insuffisante dans la mesure où la vitesse efficace n'est que de l'ordre de 250 m/min, et cela pour une seule passe d'étirage.
  • d'autre part, les dispositifs d'étirage "ROTUBLOC" (R) constituent des moyens d'étirage relativement onéreux.
  • enfin, l'étirage par "ROTUBLOC" (R) implique, en fin d'étirage, un transfert des paniers de tubes étirés vers un poste séparé de trancannage.
The problems posed by the device of the prior art are of three types:
  • on the one hand, although the intrinsic technical performance of this device is in itself high since the instantaneous speed of the tube on a "ROTUBLOC" device (R) can reach 1000 m / min, its overall productivity is insufficient to the extent where the effective speed is only of the order of 250 m / min, and this for a single drawing pass.
  • on the other hand, the "ROTUBLOC" (R) stretching devices constitute relatively expensive stretching means.
  • finally, the stretching by "ROTUBLOC" (R) implies, at the end of stretching, a transfer of the baskets of stretched tubes to a separate slicing station.

La demanderesse a donc recherché et mis au point un dispositif permettant, simultanément:

  • d'augmenter la productivité de l'étirage
  • de limiter les dépenses d'investissement,
  • d'intégrer l'étape de finition et de trancannage à celle d'étirage.
The Applicant has therefore sought and developed a device allowing, simultaneously:
  • increase drawing productivity
  • limit capital expenditure,
  • integrate the finishing and slicing stage with that of stretching.

DESCRIPTION DE L'INVENTIONDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Selon l'invention, le dispositif d'étirage de produit métallique long, comprend un bloc d'étirage, un dispositif d'engagement dudit produit métallique long dans ledit bloc d'étirage, un dispositif de traction dudit produit métallique long étiré, et est caractérisé en ce que,

  • a) ledit dispositif de traction comprend deux courroies motrices rapprochées et tournant en sens inverse, qui entraínent linéairement ledit produit métallique long étiré,
  • b) ledit dispositif d'engagement, situé en aval dudit bloc d'étirage, comprend un dispositif d'engagement automatique de l'extrémité effilée dudit produit long étiré depuis la sortie dudit bloc d'étirage jusqu'à la sortie dudit dispositif de traction.
  • c) ledit dispositif d'engagement automatique comprend un moyen auxiliaire de traction mû en puissance par ledit dispositif de traction.
    • According to the invention, the device for drawing a long metal product comprises a drawing block, a device for engaging said long metal product in said drawing block, a device for pulling said long drawn metal product, and is characterized in that,
  • a) said traction device comprises two driving belts close together and rotating in opposite directions, which linearly drive said long drawn metal product,
  • b) said engagement device, located downstream of said stretching block, comprises an automatic engagement device from the tapered end of said long product stretched from the outlet of said stretching block to the outlet of said traction device .
  • c) said automatic engagement device comprises an auxiliary traction means powered by said traction device.

    • L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide des figures qui ne représentent qu'une modalité de l'invention.The invention will be better understood using the figures which do not represent only one modality of the invention.

    DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESDESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

  • La figure 1 illustre l'état de la technique. Elle est une vue schématique de l'implantation au sol du dispositif d'étirage par "ROTUBLOC" (R): le système d'étirage par "ROTUBLOC" comprend, comme représenté par le rectangle central de la figure 1, une filière d'étirage (10) et un système de traction par cabestan (38). La mise en oeuvre de ce système implique la présence de deux paniers (6): un panier de tubes en couronne pour alimenter la filière et un panier de réception du tube étiré, sous forme de couronne. Un carrousel permet de faire défiler les paniers devant la filière d'étirage (10).Figure 1 illustrates the state of the art. She is a sight schematic of the installation on the ground of the stretching device by "ROTUBLOC" (R): the stretching system by "ROTUBLOC" includes, as represented by the central rectangle of the Figure 1, a drawing die (10) and a traction system by capstan (38). The implementation of this system involves the presence of two baskets (6): a basket of tubes in a ring to supply the die and a basket for receiving the tube stretched, in the form of a crown. A carousel allows you to do scroll the baskets in front of the drawing die (10).
  • La figure 2 représente une vue de dessus schématique de l'emplacement au sol des moyens d'étirage de la figure 1, et des moyens de trancannage (32) alimentés en paniers (6) de tubes étirés destinés à produire des tubes étirés mis à longueur et conditionnés (35), les paniers vides (6) étant ensuite chargés d'ébauches de tubes (39) (venant des machines d'étirage amont) à étirer et dirigés vers les moyens d'étirage.Figure 2 shows a schematic top view of the location on the ground of the drawing means of FIG. 1, and slicing means (32) supplied with baskets (6) of drawn tubes for producing drawn tubes set length and packaged (35), the empty baskets (6) being then loaded with blanks of tubes (39) (coming from the machines upstream stretching) to stretch and directed towards the means stretching.
  • Les figures 3, 4, 5, 6 et 7 sont des vues en coupe, selon un plan vertical, d'un mode de réalisation du dispositif d'étirage automatique selon l'invention qui illustrent la phase d'engagement automatique du produit long (2) depuis la sortie de filière (10) du bloc d'étirage (7) jusqu'à la sortie (33) du moyen de traction (16) comprenant deux courroies ou chenilles de traction (17) qui définissent une longueur de traction LT (18).
    Le dispositif d'étirage automatique comprend, en ligne, un bloc d'étirage (7), un bloc de refroidissement (12), et un dispositif de traction (16).
    Le bloc d'étirage (7) comprend une filière d'étirage (10) et éventuellement, un générateur d'encoche (37) - seulement représenté à la figure 3 pour ne pas alourdir les figures.
    Le bloc de refroidissement (12) comprend des rampes de lavage et refroidissement (13) et une boíte d'essuyage (14).    Figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are sectional views, along a vertical plane, of an embodiment of the automatic stretching device according to the invention which illustrate the phase of automatic engagement of the long product ( 2) from the die outlet (10) of the drawing block (7) to the outlet (33) of the traction means (16) comprising two traction belts or tracks (17) which define a traction length LT (18).
    The automatic stretching device comprises, in line, a stretching block (7), a cooling block (12), and a traction device (16).
    The drawing block (7) comprises a drawing die (10) and possibly, a notch generator (37) - only shown in Figure 3 so as not to make the figures heavy.
    The cooling block (12) includes washing and cooling ramps (13) and a wiping box (14).
  • Les figures correspondantes 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a et 7a complètent les précédentes. Ce sont des vues partielles dans un plan horizontal destinées à illustrer certains éléments du dispositif d'engagement automatique (19) (DEA en abrégé) selon un mode de réalisation de
    l'invention, en particulier les moyens de guidage (24) du DEA comprenant un moyen d'accrochage (21) solidaire de l'extrémité d'un ruban d'acier (20) constituant ledit moyen auxiliaire de traction.    The corresponding figures 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a and 7a complete the previous ones. These are partial views in a horizontal plane intended to illustrate certain elements of the automatic engagement device (19) (DEA for short) according to an embodiment of
    the invention, in particular the guide means (24) of the DEA comprising an attachment means (21) secured to the end of a steel strip (20) constituting said auxiliary traction means.
  • Les figures 3 et 3a représentent l'état initial du dispositif d'étirage automatique avant mise en route du DEA (19): l'extrémité (4a) de la pointe (4) dépasse de la sortie de filière d'étirage (7), et le DEA (19) n'est pas activé: le moyen d'accrochage (21) est maintenu légèrement à l'écart de la sortie (33) du dispositif de traction (16).Figures 3 and 3a show the initial state of the device automatic stretching before starting the DEA (19): the end (4a) of the tip (4) protrudes from the outlet of drawing die (7), and the DEA (19) is not activated: the hooking means (21) is kept slightly away from the outlet (33) of the traction device (16).
  • Les figures 4 et 4a représentent l'activation du DEA, c'est à dire le déplacement du DEA (19) grâce au vérin (23) de manière à ce que le moyen d'accrochage (21) soit à la sortie (33) du dispositif de traction (16).Figures 4 and 4a show the activation of DEA, say the displacement of the DEA (19) thanks to the jack (23) so that the hooking means (21) is at the outlet (33) of the traction device (16).
  • Les figures 5 et 5a représentent le déplacement du DEA par marche arrière du dispositif de traction (16): le moyen d'accrochage (21) traverse le dispositif de traction (16) et le bloc de refroidissement (12), en poussant la boíte d'essuyage (14) constituée de joints racleurs, guidée également par les moyens de guidage (24), contre la filière d'étirage (10), et accroche automatiquement l'extrémité (4a).
    Il y a des moyens de guidage (24) entre la sortie du bloc d'étirage (7) et l'entrée du dispositif de traction (16). Il y a des moyens de guidage (24a) à la sortie (33) du dispositif de traction (16), comme cela apparaít sur les figures 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a et 7a.
    Sur la figure 5a, figure la longueur L de l'ensemble constitué par le moyen auxiliaire de traction (20) et du moyen d'accrochage (21), longueur qui correspond à la distance entre la sortie du bloc d'étirage (7) et l'entrée du dispositif du bloc de traction (16), augmentée de la longueur de bande nécessaire à l'entraínement du moyen auxiliaire de traction (20) par le dispositif de traction (16) - soit environ 9 m en tout pour un dispositif de traction (16) de type "caterpillar" apte à exercer une force de 2 tonnes ( 20.000 N) par exemple. En fait cette longueur dépend de la longueur de la boíte de refroidissement et de la puissance du "caterpillar" qui se traduit par la longueur de contact (ou encore longueur en prise) dans le "caterpillar".
    En position avant maximale, la bande d'acier vient jusqu'en bas de la courbe qui mène à la position de rangement.    Figures 5 and 5a show the movement of the DEA by reversing the traction device (16): the hooking means (21) passes through the traction device (16) and the cooling block (12), pushing the box wiper (14) consisting of scraper seals, also guided by the guide means (24), against the drawing die (10), and automatically hooks the end (4a).
    There are guide means (24) between the outlet of the drawing block (7) and the inlet of the traction device (16). There are guide means (24a) at the outlet (33) of the traction device (16), as shown in Figures 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a and 7a.
    In FIG. 5a, the length L of the assembly constituted by the auxiliary traction means (20) and the attachment means (21) is shown, a length which corresponds to the distance between the outlet of the drawing block (7) and the entry of the traction block device (16), increased by the length of strip necessary for the driving of the auxiliary traction means (20) by the traction device (16) - that is to say approximately 9 m in total for a traction device (16) of the "caterpillar" type capable of exerting a force of 2 tonnes (20,000 N) for example. In fact this length depends on the length of the cooling box and the power of the "caterpillar" which results in the contact length (or length in engagement) in the "caterpillar".
    In the maximum forward position, the steel strip comes to the bottom of the curve which leads to the storage position.
  • La figure 6 et 6a illustre l'étape suivante où le dispositif de traction (16) est remis en marche avant: le produit étiré (2a) est tiré à travers la filière puis traverse le bloc de refroidissement (12) et entraíne la boíte d'essuyage (14) jusqu'au bloc de refroidissement, tandis que le moyen auxilliaire de traction (20) revient dans la position qu'il avait aux figures 4 et 4a, le moyen d'accrochage (21) se trouvant alors en sortie (33) du dispositif de traction (16), alors que l'autre extrémité du moyen auxiliaire de traction (20) s'accroche au vérin (23) grâce aux moyens de guidage (24a).Figure 6 and 6a illustrates the next step where the device traction (16) is restarted: the product stretched (2a) is pulled through the die then crosses the block of cooling (12) and drives the wiping box (14) to the cooling block, while the medium traction auxiliary (20) returns to the position it had in Figures 4 and 4a, the attachment means (21) is then finding at the outlet (33) of the traction device (16), while the other end of the auxiliary traction means (20) clings to the jack (23) thanks to the guide means (24a).
  • La figure 7 et 7a illustre la désactivation du DEA par action du verin (23): le moyen d'accrochage (21) est écarté de la sortie (33) pour permettre le libre passage du produit étiré (2a), le moyen auxiliaire de traction (20) retrouvant une position de garage déjà représentée à la figure 3.
    La figure 7b est une coupe transversale montrant la forme des rails de guidage (deux rails en "U").    FIGS. 7 and 7a illustrate the deactivation of the DEA by the action of the jack (23): the attachment means (21) is moved away from the outlet (33) to allow the free passage of the drawn product (2a), the auxiliary means of traction (20) finding a garage position already shown in Figure 3.
    Figure 7b is a cross section showing the shape of the guide rails (two "U" rails).
  • Les figures 8, 8a et 8b sont relatives au dispositif d'engagement automatique (19).
    La figure 8 est une vue de dessus montrant le moyen d'accrochage (21) fixé à une extrémité du ruban d'acier (20). Le moyen d'accrochage porte 4 cames (22) se faisant face deux à deux, comme représenté grâce à des ressorts de faible force de rappel (< 1 daN) et présente un canal de guidage (40). Le moyen d'accrochage (21) porte aussi des tétons de guidage (36) dans les rails de guidage (24).    Figures 8, 8a and 8b relate to the automatic engagement device (19).
    Figure 8 is a top view showing the hooking means (21) fixed to one end of the steel strip (20). The attachment means carries 4 cams (22) facing two by two, as shown by springs of low return force (<1 daN) and has a guide channel (40). The attachment means (21) also carries guide pins (36) in the guide rails (24).
  • La figure 8a est une vue de côté du moyen d'accrochage (21). La partie supérieure est occupée par les cames (non représentées), et la partie droite assure la fixation du ruban d'acier de faible épaisseur (20) au moyen d'accrochage (21).
    On a représenté en pointillés la rampe de sortie (41) du canal de guidage (40).    Figure 8a is a side view of the hooking means (21). The upper part is occupied by the cams (not shown), and the right part secures the thin steel strip (20) by means of attachment (21).
    The outlet ramp (41) of the guide channel (40) is shown in dotted lines.
  • La figure 8b est une vue de dessus d'une paire de cames (22) dont la surface active est munie de dents (22a) orientées de manière à ce que la pointe (4) du produit long à tirer ne risque pas de déraper et de se désolidariser du moyen d'accrochage quand celui-ci exerce une traction sur ladite pointe.Figure 8b is a top view of a pair of cams (22) the active surface of which is provided with teeth (22a) oriented so that the tip (4) of the long product to be drawn does not no risk of slipping and detaching from the means attachment when the latter exerts traction on said point.
  • La figure 9 est un schéma du système de synchronisation (27) situé entre deux blocs d'étirage (7,7a,7b) successifs comprenant un plateau (27b) supportant une boucle (28) de produit long étiré (2a,2b,2c) dont le diamètre est mesuré par un capteur (27a), un moteur d'accélération (29) ou "pinch-roll" en sortie de boucle (28).
    Ce plateau (27b) présente une bordure (40) en "U" renversé qui permet le guidage du produit long étiré.    Figure 9 is a diagram of the synchronization system (27) located between two successive drawing blocks (7,7a, 7b) comprising a plate (27b) supporting a loop (28) of long drawn product (2a, 2b, 2c ) whose diameter is measured by a sensor (27a), an acceleration motor (29) or "pinch-roll" at the loop output (28).
    This plate (27b) has a border (40) in inverted "U" which allows the guidance of the long drawn product.
  • La figure 10 représente en coupe longitudinale la pointe (4) d'un tube à étirer en 3 passes d'étirage. Elle contient 3 mandrins (31,31a,31b). Des encoches (30) et un/ou plusieurs bouchons (34) peuvent être utilisées pour maintenir les mandrins dans un espace limité, et éventuellement les lubrifiants des mandrins d'étirage.Figure 10 shows in longitudinal section the tip (4) of a tube to be stretched in 3 stretching passes. It contains 3 mandrels (31,31a, 31b). Notches (30) and one / or more plugs (34) can be used to hold the chucks in a limited space, and possibly the lubricants for drawing mandrels.
  • La figure 11 représente une ligne d'étirage (31) comprenant en série:
    • un ensemble de dévidage (5) avec 8 paniers (6) contenant les produits longs (2) à étirer,
    • un premier dispositif d'étirage (1) avec un bloc d'étirage (7), un bloc de refroidissement (12), un dispositif de traction (16) et un dispositif d'engagement automatique (19) non représenté sur la figure, formant le produit long étiré (2a),
    • un système de régulation (27),
    • un deuxième dispositif d'étirage (1a) analogue au premier, formant le produit long étiré (2b),
    • un deuxième système de régulation (27a),
    • un troisième dispositif d'étirage (1b) analogue aux précédents, formant le produit long étiré (2c),
    • un poste de trancannage (32) pour la mise à longueur et le conditionnement final (35) des demi-produits étirés obtenus.
    Selon le cas, ce poste de trancannage peut être remplacé par un dispositif d'enroulement et de réception en panier en vue d'autres opérations de transformation (recuit, étirage, rainurage, gainage, etc...)    FIG. 11 represents a drawing line (31) comprising in series:
    • a reeling unit (5) with 8 baskets (6) containing the long products (2) to be stretched,
    • a first drawing device (1) with a drawing block (7), a cooling block (12), a traction device (16) and an automatic engagement device (19) not shown in the figure, forming the long drawn product (2a),
    • a regulation system (27),
    • a second drawing device (1a) similar to the first, forming the long drawn product (2b),
    • a second regulation system (27a),
    • a third drawing device (1b) similar to the previous ones, forming the long drawn product (2c),
    • a slicing station (32) for cutting to length and final packaging (35) of the drawn semi-finished products.
    Depending on the case, this slicing station can be replaced by a winding and receiving device in a basket for other processing operations (annealing, stretching, grooving, sheathing, etc.)

    • DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

    Les moyens génériques de l'invention peuvent prendre plusieurs formes concrètes.
    Selon un dispositif possible, le dispositif d'engagement automatique (19) comprend:

  • a) un moyen auxiliaire de traction (20) de longueur limitée dont une extrémité est solidaire d'un moyen d'accrochage / décrochage automatique (21), ladite longueur étant telle que, lorsque ledit moyen d'accrochage est fixé à ladite extrémité effilée dudit produit long (2) sortant dudit bloc d'étirage, ledit moyen auxiliaire de traction est en prise par son autre extrémité avec ledit dispositif de traction. Il peut aussi traverser sur toute sa longueur ledit dispositif de traction (16) et son autre extrémité se trouver au-delà dudit dispositif de traction (16).
  • b) des moyens de guidage (24) dudit moyen auxiliaire (20), sur tout ou partie de la trajectoire allant de la sortie dudit bloc d'étirage (7) à la sortie dudit dispositif de traction (16), et en sortie dudit dispositif de traction (16),
  • c) des moyens de déplacement avant et arrière dudit moyen auxiliaire (20) comprenant ledit dispositif de traction (16).
    • Ces moyens de déplacement avant et arrière peuvent comprendre en outre un moyen secondaire (23) pour déplacer et mettre en prise ou désolidariser ledit moyen d'accrochage (21) avec ledit dispositif de traction (20) en sortie de celui-ci.The generic means of the invention can take several concrete forms.
    According to one possible device, the automatic engagement device (19) comprises:
  • a) an auxiliary traction means (20) of limited length, one end of which is integral with an automatic hooking / unhooking means (21), said length being such that, when said hooking means is fixed to said tapered end of said long product (2) leaving said drawing block, said auxiliary traction means is engaged by its other end with said traction device. It can also pass over its entire length of said traction device (16) and its other end be beyond said traction device (16).
  • b) means for guiding (24) said auxiliary means (20), over all or part of the trajectory going from the outlet of said drawing block (7) to the outlet of said traction device (16), and at the outlet of said traction device (16),
  • c) means for moving front and rear of said auxiliary means (20) comprising said traction device (16).
    • These front and rear displacement means may further comprise a secondary means (23) for moving and engaging or detaching said attachment means (21) with said traction device (20) at the output thereof.

    Les figures 3 à 7 et 3a à 7a illustrent de manière détaillée le dispositif d'étirage automatique selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, dispositif qui comprend, d'une part en ligne, des moyens d'étirage: bloc d'étirage (7), bloc de refroidissement (13) et dispositif de traction (16), et d'autre part, un dispositif d'engagement automatique (19) intégré à ces moyens d'étirage. Comme cela a été clairement montré, l'invention permet non seulement de réaliser un engagement automatique du tube à étirer dans une filière, mais surtout de réaliser un engagement du tube jusqu'en sortie (33) du dispositif de traction (16). Il s'agit là d'un élément essentiel de l'invention: en effet, l'invention vise non seulement à résoudre les problèmes déjà exposés, mais aussi à fabriquer des produits longs étirés, des tubes principalement mais non exclusivement, présentant un excellent état de surface - ce qui exclut de nombreux dispositifs de traction qui blessent et marquent en surface le produit long à étirer.
    Suite à ses essais, la demanderesse en est arrivée à la conclusion que l'ensemble des problèmes posés, tant d'ordre économique que de qualité, ne pouvaient être résolus qu'à condition de coupler un dispositif de traction basé sur l'emploi de courroies motrices rapprochées qui enserrent ledit produit long étiré sur une longueur suffisante pour exercer l'effort de traction et l'entraíner par simple pression des courroies motrices sans le blesser, ce qui nécessitait donc un dispositif d'engagement automatique permettant justement l'engagement du produit long à étirer jusqu'en sortie (33) du dispositif de traction (16).    FIGS. 3 to 7 and 3a to 7a illustrate in detail the automatic stretching device according to an embodiment of the invention, a device which comprises, on the one hand in line, stretching means: stretching block (7), cooling block (13) and traction device (16), and on the other hand, an automatic engagement device (19) integrated into these stretching means. As has been clearly shown, the invention makes it possible not only to carry out an automatic engagement of the tube to be stretched in a die, but above all to achieve engagement of the tube as far as the outlet (33) of the traction device (16). This is an essential element of the invention: indeed, the invention aims not only to solve the problems already exposed, but also to manufacture long drawn products, mainly but not exclusively tubes, having excellent surface condition - which excludes many traction devices which injure and mark on the surface the product which is long to stretch.
    Following its tests, the plaintiff came to the conclusion that all of the problems posed, both economic and of quality, could only be resolved if a traction device based on the use of close driving belts which enclose said long product stretched over a length sufficient to exert the traction force and drive it by simple pressure of the driving belts without injuring it, which therefore required an automatic engagement device allowing precisely the engagement of the long product to stretch to the outlet (33) of the traction device (16).

    Le dispositif d'engagement automatique (19) selon l'invention peut comprendre en outre différents moyens particuliers de mise en oeuvre.
    Ainsi, ledit moyen auxiliaire de traction (20) est choisi de manière à présenter, en déplacement avant, une résistance à la traction suffisante pour pouvoir tirer ledit produit long (2a) depuis la sortie dudit bloc d'étirage (7), au travers dudit bloc de refroidissement (12), jusqu'à la sortie dudit dispositif de traction (16), et à présenter, en déplacement arrière, une résistance à la compression suffisante pour que, grâce auxdits moyens de guidage (24), ledit moyen d'accrochage/décrochage automatique (21) puisse être déplacé jusqu'à la sortie dudit bloc d'étirage (7).    The automatic engagement device (19) according to the invention can also comprise various specific means of implementation.
    Thus, said auxiliary traction means (20) is chosen so as to present, when moving forward, a sufficient tensile strength to be able to pull said long product (2a) from the outlet of said drawing block (7), through of said cooling block (12), up to the exit of said traction device (16), and to present, in rearward displacement, a sufficient compressive strength so that, thanks to said guide means (24), said means 'automatic hooking / unhooking (21) can be moved to the exit of said drawing block (7).

    De préférence, ledit moyen auxiliaire de traction (20) est un ruban d'acier dont le positionnement latéral est assuré par des rails qui constituent lesdits moyens de guidage (24).
    Mais ce ruban d'acier peut être remplacé par tout autre dispositif de transmission du mouvement et de l'effort, par exemple un cable inséré dans de petits manchons cylindriques, ou encore par exemple un ruban sous forme de portions de barres articulées, ou d'une chaíne formée de maillons articulés.    Preferably, said auxiliary traction means (20) is a steel strip whose lateral positioning is ensured by rails which constitute said guide means (24).
    However, this steel strip can be replaced by any other device for transmitting movement and force, for example a cable inserted in small cylindrical sleeves, or even for example a strip in the form of portions of articulated bars, or 'a chain formed of articulated links.

    Lorsque le moyen auxiliaire de traction (20) n'est pas activé, il doit être positionné, en sortie dudit dispositif de traction (16), grâce à un moyen de guidage (24a) et de garage dudit moyen auxiliaire de traction (20) et dudit moyen d'accrochage (21).When the auxiliary traction means (20) is not activated, it must be positioned, at the output of said device traction (16), thanks to a guide means (24a) and garage said auxiliary traction means (20) and said means attachment (21).

    Pour activer ou désactiver le dispositif d'engagement automatique (19), c'est à dire pour présenter, ou pour écarter, le moyen d'accrochage face à la sortie (33) du dispositif de traction (16), ledit moyen secondaire (23) peut être un vérin (23) comme représenté sur les figures 3 à 7, ou un axe moteur d'entraínement ou tout autre moyen équivalent.To activate or deactivate the engagement device automatic (19), i.e. to present, or to move aside, the attachment means facing the outlet (33) of the traction device (16), said secondary means (23) can be a jack (23) as shown in FIGS. 3 to 7, or a drive motor axis or any other equivalent means.

    De préférence, ledit moyen d'accrochage / décrochage automatique (21) est constitué par deux cames (22) à dents orientées permettant un agrippage de ladite extrémité dudit produit long (2) effilée dès que et tant que le moyen d'accrochage / décrochage automatique (21) exerce une traction sur ladite extrémité en déplacement avant. Voir figure 8.Preferably, said hooking / unhooking means automatic (21) consists of two cams (22) with teeth oriented allowing a gripping of said end of said long product (2) tapered as soon as and as long as the medium automatic hooking / unhooking (21) exerts traction on said forward moving end. See figure 8.

    De préférence, comme illustré à la figure 8b, lesdites cames (22) ont un profil en forme de spirale logarithmique de manière à exercer une pression sur la pointe proportionnelle à la traction et ce pour des fabrications de tubes dont les diamètres peuvent varier dans une gamme assez étendue.Preferably, as illustrated in FIG. 8b, said cams (22) have a logarithmic spiral profile of so as to exert pressure on the tip proportional to traction and this for tube manufacturing whose diameters can vary within a fairly wide range.

    Le dispositif d'étirage selon l'invention peut comprendre un bloc de refroidissement (12) auquel est associé une boíte d'essuyage (14).
    Cette boíte d'essuyage (14) dont l'orifice central est adapté au produit étiré (2a), est translatable grâce auxdits moyens de guidage (24) et par la poussée dudit moyen d'accrochage (21) jusqu'à la sortie dudit bloc d'étirage (7).
    Un bloc de refroidissement (12) n'est pas en soi nécessaire pour mettre en oeuvre l'invention, mais, compte tenu de la nécessité d'exercer une traction sur le produit métallique long étiré sans le blesser, il est préférable d'utiliser, pour les courroies motrices du dispositif de traction (16) des matériaux peu abrasifs, en particulier des matériaux plastiques ou des élastomères qui peuvent être de stabilité thermique limitée. Dans ce cas, il est important de refroidir, typiquement par aspersion d'eau froide, le produit métallique long étiré, et de l'essuyer avant qu'il ne s'engage entre lesdites courroies motrices rapprochées.
    Selon l'invention, ledit dispositif de traction (16) est un dispositif à courroies ou chenilles (17), qui peut exercer un effort de traction sur une longueur suffisante LT (18), typiquement de 1 à 3 m selon les efforts de traction requis et les forces de frottement entre le produit long étiré et lesdites courroies, sans blesser les produits longs étirés.
    Les courroies motrices sont par exemple constituées par des bandes en matériau élastomère ou en caoutchouc maintenues l'une contre l'autre par des rouleaux presseurs et/ou moteurs. Les courroies motrices (17) pourraient être aussi remplacées par une succession de paires de rouleaux qui auraient une fonction équivalente, l'essentiel étant que la longueur de traction LT (18) entre les courroies motrices et ledit produit long étiré soit suffisante pour exercer l'effort de traction nécessaire à l'étirage, sans pour autant blesser la surface du produit long étiré.    The stretching device according to the invention may comprise a cooling block (12) with which is associated a wiping box (14).
    This wiping box (14), the central orifice of which is adapted to the stretched product (2a), is translatable by said guide means (24) and by the thrust of said hooking means (21) up to the exit of said drawing block (7).
    A cooling block (12) is not per se necessary for implementing the invention, but, taking into account the need to exert traction on the long drawn metal product without injuring it, it is preferable to use , for the drive belts of the traction device (16), slightly abrasive materials, in particular plastic materials or elastomers which may have limited thermal stability. In this case, it is important to cool, typically by spraying cold water, the long drawn metal product, and to wipe it before it engages between said close driving belts.
    According to the invention, said traction device (16) is a belt or track device (17), which can exert a traction force over a sufficient length LT (18), typically from 1 to 3 m depending on the traction forces required and the frictional forces between the long drawn product and said belts, without injuring the long drawn product.
    The driving belts are for example constituted by bands of elastomeric material or rubber held against each other by pressure rollers and / or motors. The driving belts (17) could also be replaced by a succession of pairs of rollers which would have an equivalent function, the main thing being that the traction length LT (18) between the driving belts and said long drawn product is sufficient to exert the 'tensile force required for stretching, without injuring the surface of the long drawn product.

    Comme cela a été représenté sur la figure 3, le dispositif selon l'invention peut comprendre, dans le cas d'étirage de tubes, en sortie de bloc d'étirage (7), un moyen (37) pour former une encoche (30) pour diminuer le diamètre intérieur dudit tube et, lors du démarrage, faciliter la mise en place du mandrin adapté à chaque filière.
    Le moyen (37) représenté sur la figure 3, correspond à deux cames dont la mise en rotation conduit à la formation d'une encoche (30), du type de celles représentées à la figure 10.    As shown in FIG. 3, the device according to the invention may comprise, in the case of drawing tubes, at the outlet of the drawing block (7), means (37) for forming a notch (30 ) to reduce the inside diameter of said tube and, during start-up, facilitate the positioning of the mandrel adapted to each die.
    The means (37) shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to two cams, the rotation of which leads to the formation of a notch (30), of the type of those shown in FIG. 10.

    En effet, l'étirage de tubes implique la présence d'un mandrin (11) à l'intérieur du tube qui doit, durant l'étirage du tube, être pris dans la filière d'étirage. L'encoche (30) a pour objet de permettre l'engagement, dans la filière (10), de la partie de plus petit diamètre du mandrin (11). En l'absence d'encoche (30), il y aurait un risque de voir le mandrin glisser. Cette encoche n'est réalisée au niveau de la pointe (4) du tube à étirer que dans la mesure où il s'agit d'une passe d'étirage intermédiaire, puisque l'encoche réalisée lors de l'engagement de la pointe du tube est destinée à permettre l'engagement du mandrin dans la passe d'étirage suivante, comme cela sera expliqué par la suite.Indeed, the stretching of tubes implies the presence of a mandrel (11) inside the tube which must, during the drawing of the tube, be caught in the drawing die. The notch (30) is for purpose of allowing the engagement, in the sector (10), of the part of smaller diameter of the mandrel (11). Without notch (30), there is a risk of seeing the mandrel slide. This notch is only made at the tip (4) of the tube to be stretched only insofar as it is a intermediate stretching pass, since the notch made during of the engagement of the tip of the tube is intended to allow engaging the mandrel in the following stretching pass, as will be explained later.

    Le dispositif d'étirage selon l'invention peut comprendre des moyens pour automatiser la mise en oeuvre séquentielle des différents mouvements permettant la mise en oeuvre desdits moyens d'engagement automatique:

  • a) mise en marche arrière dudit moyen secondaire (23) de manière à présenter ledit moyen d'accrochage (21) en sortie de dispositif de traction (16),
  • b) et arrêt dudit moyen secondaire dès mise en marche arrière dudit dispositif de traction (16),
  • c) mise en marche arrière du dispositif de traction (16) jusqu'à ce que ledit moyen d'accrochage (21) ait agrippé ladite extrémité dudit produit long (2) effilée,
  • d) mise en marche avant du dispositif de traction (16), et éventuellement réalisation automatique, grâce à un générateur d'encoche (37), d'une encoche (30) après déplacement de ladite extrémité sur une longueur donnée prédéterminée,
  • e) et, lorsque ledit moyen d'accrochage (21) arrive en sortie dudit dispositif de traction (16), mise en marche avant temporaire dudit moyen secondaire (23) pour écarter ledit moyen d'accrochage (21) de la sortie dudit dispositif de traction (16).
    • The stretching device according to the invention can comprise means for automating the sequential implementation of the different movements allowing the implementation of said automatic engagement means:
  • a) reversing said secondary means (23) so as to present said attachment means (21) at the outlet of the traction device (16),
  • b) and stopping said secondary means as soon as reversing said traction device (16),
  • c) reversing the traction device (16) until said hooking means (21) have gripped said end of said long tapered product (2),
  • d) forward drive of the traction device (16), and possibly automatic production, by means of a notch generator (37), of a notch (30) after displacement of said end over a given predetermined length,
  • e) and, when said attachment means (21) comes out of said traction device (16), temporary forward operation of said secondary means (23) to separate said attachment means (21) from the output of said device traction (16).

    • Les moyens d'automatisation utilisés sont connus en eux-mêmes et peuvent être éventuellement complétés par tout type capteur, typiquement capteur de présence de produit long, capteur de vitesse, capteur de température, permettant une mise en oeuvre fiable du dispositif d'étirage selon l'invention.The automation means used are known in themselves and can possibly be supplemented by any type sensor, typically long product presence sensor, speed sensor, temperature sensor, allowing reliable use of the stretching device according to the invention.

    Il est possible de réaliser une ligne d'étirage (31) comprenant en série autant de dispositifs d' étirage selon l'invention tels que celui déjà décrit que de passes d'étirage souhaitées. Cette ligne comprend, entre deux dispositifs d'étirage successifs, un dispositif de régulation (27) permettant le guidage dudit produit long étiré (2a) vers l'entrée du bloc d'étirage suivant (7a), vers un poste de trancannage ou vers tout autre poste de traitement du tube étiré.
    Selon une modalité illustrée à la figure 9, ledit dispositif de régulation (27) permet la formation d'une boucle (28) dudit produit long étiré, et comprend des moyens de déplacement (29), typiquement des rouleaux moteurs entre lesquels passe le produit long étiré en fin de boucle, et un capteur de position de la boucle (27a). Bien que la figure 9 représente le produit long étiré entrant et sortant de ladite boucle comme étant colinéaires, le dispositif de régulation (27) à boucle permet en fait d'orienter, en sortie de boucle, le produit long étiré dans la direction souhaitée, comme clairement montré à la figure 11.    It is possible to produce a stretching line (31) comprising in series as many stretching devices according to the invention such as that already described as there are desired stretching passes. This line comprises, between two successive stretching devices, a regulating device (27) allowing the guidance of said long stretched product (2a) towards the inlet of the following stretching block (7a), towards a slicing station or towards any other treatment center for the stretched tube.
    According to a method illustrated in FIG. 9, said regulating device (27) allows the formation of a loop (28) of said long drawn product, and comprises displacement means (29), typically driving rollers between which the product passes long stretched at the end of the loop, and a loop position sensor (27a). Although FIG. 9 shows the long drawn product entering and leaving said loop as being collinear, the loop control device (27) in fact makes it possible to orient, at the exit of the loop, the long drawn product in the desired direction, as clearly shown in Figure 11.

    Il est donc possible de mettre en série plusieurs dispositifs d'étirage selon l'invention, typiquement de 3 à 5, ordonnés par diamètre de filière décroissant et de constituer une ligne d'étirage (31) selon l'invention, comme représenté à la figure 11.
    Un système de synchronisation de ces dispositifs est nécessaire, notamment parce que la vitesse linéaire des produits longs étirés augmente en sortie de chaque filière. Ce système de synchronisation permet de réaliser un enchaínement de passes d'étirage avec des allongements différents (par exemple 160% d'étirage en première passe, 130% en seconde passe, etc...), contrairement aux systèmes d'étirage de l'art antérieur qui ne sont conçus que pour une gamme d'étirage donnée.    It is therefore possible to put in series several drawing devices according to the invention, typically from 3 to 5, ordered by decreasing die diameter and to constitute a drawing line (31) according to the invention, as shown in the figure 11.
    A synchronization system for these devices is necessary, in particular because the linear speed of long drawn products increases at the outlet of each die. This synchronization system makes it possible to carry out a sequence of stretching passes with different elongations (for example 160% stretching in the first pass, 130% in the second pass, etc.), unlike the stretching systems of the 'prior art which are designed only for a given stretching range.

    La ligne d'étirage (31) comprend donc généralement des moyens de contrôle de la position et de la vitesse dudit produit long (2, 2a, 2b...), des moyens de contrôle du diamètre de chaque boucle de régulation (28), des moyens de synchronisation des différentes vitesses linéaires desdits produits longs étirés en sortie de chaque bloc d'étirage en jouant sur la vitesse imposée aux dispositifs de traction (16) et/ou aux moyens de déplacement (29), de manière à ce qu'il n'y ait ni accumulation ni tension excessive desdits produits longs étirés entre deux blocs d'étirage successifs (7,7a).The drawing line (31) therefore generally comprises means for controlling the position and the speed of said long product (2, 2a, 2b ...), means for controlling the diameter of each regulation loop (28), means for synchronizing the different linear speeds of said long drawn products at the output of each stretching block by varying the speed imposed on the traction devices (16) and / or the means of displacement (29), so that there is neither accumulation or excessive tension of said long products drawn between two successive drawing blocks (7,7a).

    L'invention peut être utilisée pour l'étirage de produits en couronnes, tels que tubes, fils ou barres.
    L'invention peut aussi être utilisée pour l'étirage de produits métalliques droits, tels que barres et tubes.    The invention can be used for drawing products in crowns, such as tubes, wires or bars.
    The invention can also be used for drawing straight metal products, such as bars and tubes.

    EXEMPLE DE REALISATIONEXAMPLE OF IMPLEMENTATION

    On a réalisé une ligne d'étirage (31) complète telle que représentée à la figure 11.
    Cette ligne (31) comprend 3 dispositifs d'étirage (1,1a,1b) suivis d'un poste de trancannage (32) qui délivre des couronnes de tubes conditionnées (35) prêtes à être commercialisées.
    Elle a permis de passer, en 3 passes d'étirage, de passer d'un diamètre de tube de 18 mm à un diamètre de 9,52 mm.    A complete drawing line (31) was produced as shown in FIG. 11.
    This line (31) comprises 3 stretching devices (1,1a, 1b) followed by a slicing station (32) which delivers crowns of conditioned tubes (35) ready to be marketed.
    It made it possible to pass, in 3 stretching passes, to go from a tube diameter of 18 mm to a diameter of 9.52 mm.

    Cette ligne est alimentée par des paniers (6) de tubes à étirer.This line is supplied by baskets (6) of tubes stretch.

    Chaque dispositif d'étirage (1,1a,1b) comprend en série un bloc d'étirage (7,7a,7b), un bloc de refroidissement (12,12a,12b) et un dispositif de traction (16,16a,16b) à chenille équipé de courroies (17) typiquement en caoutchouc.Each drawing device (1,1a, 1b) includes in series a drawing block (7,7a, 7b), a cooling block (12,12a, 12b) and a traction device (16,16a, 16b) to track fitted with typically rubber belts (17).

    Entre deux dispositifs d'étirage (1 et 1a, 1a et 1b) un dispositif de régulation (27,27a) à boucle permet notamment d'orienter le tube étiré dans la direction souhaitée, et d'assurer la flexibilité nécessaire entre deux dispositifs d'étirage successifs, pour qu'il n'y ait localement ni accumulation, ni manque de tube étiré.
    La ligne (31) comprend des moyens de guidage du tube étiré qui est tout au long de la ligne et en permanence sous contrôle de position - sauf au niveau de la boucle (28) du dispositif de régulation (27), destinée à amortir les a-coups.
    Le système de pilotage automatique et de synchronisation de la ligne, connu en soi, n'a pas été représenté sur la figure 11.    Between two stretching devices (1 and 1a, 1a and 1b) a loop regulating device (27,27a) makes it possible in particular to orient the drawn tube in the desired direction, and to ensure the necessary flexibility between two devices 'successive stretching, so that there is locally neither accumulation nor lack of stretched tube.
    The line (31) comprises means for guiding the stretched tube which is all along the line and permanently under position control - except at the level of the loop (28) of the regulating device (27), intended to absorb the jerks.
    The automatic piloting and line synchronization system, known per se, has not been shown in FIG. 11.

    Le fonctionnement de cette ligne d'étirage peut être décrit de la manière suivante:

    • pour chaque panier de couronne de tube à étirer, l'opérateur doit réaliser, à l'aide d'un dispositif prévu à cet effet, une pointe comme représenté à la figure 10, en ayant placé au préalable 3 mandrins (11,11a,11b) adaptés aux 3 filières d'étirage (10,10a,10b) non représentées. Il doit réaliser une encoche (30).
    • il présente manuellement l'extrémité (4a) de la pointe (4) du tube dans la première filière (7).
    • il suffit ensuite qu'il mette en route la ligne selon l'invention pour que s'enchaínent automatiquement toutes les opérations jusqu'au poste de trancannage.
    The operation of this drawing line can be described as follows:
    • for each basket of tube crown to be stretched, the operator must make, using a device provided for this purpose, a point as shown in Figure 10, having previously placed 3 mandrels (11,11a, 11b) suitable for the 3 drawing lines (10,10a, 10b) not shown. It must make a notch (30).
    • it manually presents the end (4a) of the tip (4) of the tube in the first die (7).
    • it then suffices that it starts the line according to the invention so that all operations are automatically linked up to the slicing station.

    Généralement, la préparation de la pointe peut être réalisée en temps masqué, de sorte que, globalement, dans cet exemple-là, la productivité moyenne pour réaliser simultanément les 3 dernières passes d'étirage et le trancannage se situe entre 150 et 250 m/min (vitesse efficace), pour une vitesse maximum de l'ordre de 400 m/min sur cet exemple-là, mais elle peut être supérieure à 1800 m/min. Generally, tip preparation can be performed in masked time, so that, overall, in this example, average productivity to simultaneously achieve the 3 final stretching passes and slicing is between 150 and 250 m / min (effective speed), for maximum speed around 400 m / min on this example, but it can be greater than 1800 m / min.

    AVANTAGES DE L'INVENTIONADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION

    Les dispositifs d'étirage selon l'invention présentent déjà en eux-mêmes un grand intérêt pour fabriquer, de manière économique, des produits longs étirés présentant une grande qualité de surface. Cependant l'invention donne toute sa mesure dans la réalisation de lignes d'étirage (31) selon l'invention.
    En effet, si on compare une ligne (31) comme celle de l'exemple de réalisation, aux dispositifs de l'état de la technique, la productivité est multipliée environ par 2 pour le seul aspect "étirage" puisque la ligne (31) réalise 3 passes d'étirage à la vitesse efficace de 200 m/min, alors que le dispositif de l'état de la technique réalise 1 passe à une vitesse efficace de 250 m/min.    The stretching devices according to the invention are already of great interest in themselves for manufacturing, economically, long drawn products having a high surface quality. However, the invention gives its full measure in the production of drawing lines (31) according to the invention.
    Indeed, if we compare a line (31) like that of the example of embodiment, with the devices of the state of the art, the productivity is multiplied approximately by 2 for the only aspect "stretching" since the line (31) performs 3 drawing passes at an effective speed of 200 m / min, while the device of the prior art performs 1 pass at an effective speed of 250 m / min.

    Il est important de noter que, dans le cas de l'état de technique, le trancannage est une opération réalisée séparément, et non intégrée comme sur la ligne (31) selon l'invention, ce qui présente à la fois une forte diminution de la manutention et des coûts de main d'oeuvre, et aussi une suppression de risques d'endommagements des tubes.
    La possibilité d'intégrer le trancannage (ou toute autre opération de traitement ou de finition du tube étiré) à l'étirage du tube résulte du fait que l'invention permet un guidage total du produit long étiré, la trajectoire du produit long étiré, parfaitement définie, pouvant être assimilée à une droite brisée, chaque changement de direction étant assuré par un dispositif de régulation (27) avec une boucle de produit long étiré (28).
    Par contre, le moyen d'étirage de l'état de la technique, qui transforme une couronne de tube en une autre couronne de tube étiré, ne permettait pas l'intégration de l'opération de trancannage - de tout autre opération - à l'étirage du tube.    It is important to note that, in the case of the state of the art, the trancannage is an operation carried out separately, and not integrated as on the line (31) according to the invention, which presents at the same time a strong reduction in handling and labor costs, and also eliminating the risk of damage to the tubes.
    The possibility of integrating the slicing (or any other treatment or finishing operation of the drawn tube) in the drawing of the tube results from the fact that the invention allows total guidance of the long drawn product, the trajectory of the long drawn product, perfectly defined, which can be compared to a broken straight line, each change of direction being ensured by a regulating device (27) with a long stretched product loop (28).
    On the other hand, the drawing means of the prior art, which transforms a tube crown into another drawn tube crown, did not allow the integration of the slicing operation - of any other operation - with the drawing of the tube.

    De plus, à production identique, le coût d'une ligne (31) selon l'exemple est environ 4 fois moindre que celui des équipements correspondants de l'état de la technique incluant les moyens d'étirage et de trancannage, et si l'on compare l'encombrement au sol d'une ligne (31) selon l'exemple et celui, schématisé à la figure 2, des équipements selon l'état de la technique, cet encombrement est environ 2 fois moindre avec une ligne (31) selon l'invention.In addition, for identical production, the cost of a line (31) according to the example is about 4 times less than that of corresponding state of the art equipment including the means of stretching and slicing, and if we compare the footprint of a line (31) according to the example and that, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2, of the equipment according to the state of the technique, this space requirement is approximately 2 times less with a line (31) according to the invention.

    Par ailleurs, l'invention ne se limite pas à l'exemple de réalisation et permet de réaliser, par la conception modulaire d'une ligne d'étirage, différentes possibilités. Par exemple, l'ensemble de passes d'étirage de tubes peuvent être réalisés avec 2 lignes de 4 dispositifs d'étirage chacune, la seconde et dernière ligne comprenant le poste de trancannage.Furthermore, the invention is not limited to the example of realization and allows to realize, by the modular design of a drawing line, different possibilities. For example, the set of tube drawing passes can be carried out with 2 lines of 4 stretching devices each, the second and last line including the trancannage station.

    Enfin, l'invention permet de garantir, grâce à l'intégration du poste de trancannage à la ligne d'étirage (intégration qui n'était pas possible avec les dispositifs d'étirage selon l'état de la technique), une production de produits longs étirés présentant une grande qualité de surface.Finally, the invention makes it possible to guarantee, thanks to the integration from the slicing station to the drawing line (integration which was not possible with the stretching devices according to state of the art), production of long products drawn with high surface quality.

    Claims (19)

    1. Drawing device (1) for a long metallic product (2), comprising a drawing block (7), a device engaging the said long metallic product (2) into the said drawing block (7), a pulling device (16) pulling the said long drawn metallic product (2'), characterized in that,
      a) the said pulling device (16) comprises two nearby motor driven belts rotating in opposite directions which move the said long drawn metallic product (2') linearly.
      b) The said engagement device on the outlet side of the said drawing block (7) comprises a device for automatic engagement (19) of the tapered end (4a) of the said long drawn product (2') from the exit from the said drawing block (7) to the exit from the said pulling device (16).
      c) The said automatic engagement device (19) comprises an auxiliary tension means (20), moved by the said pulling device (16).
    2. Device according to claim 1 in which the said automatic engagement device comprises:
      a) the said auxiliary tension means (20) of limited length, one end of which is fixed to an automatic attachment / detachment means (21), the said length being such that, when the said attachment means is fixed to the said tapered end of the said long product (2) output from the said drawing block, the said auxiliary tension means is gripped at its far end by the said pulling device (16),
      b) guidance means (24) in the said auxiliary means (20), over all or part of the trajectory from the exit from the said drawing block (7) to the exit from the said pulling device (16), and at the exit from the said pulling device (16),
      c) means of displacement forward and back of the said auxiliary means (20) comprising the said pulling device (16).
    3. Device according to claim 2 in which the said displacement means in front and behind also comprise secondary means (23) for displacing and gripping or separating the said attachment means (21) with the said pulling device (16) at its exit.
    4. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 3 in which the said auxiliary tension means (20) is chosen so as to present a sufficient tension resistance in forwards displacement to be able to draw the said long product (2a) from the exit from the said drawing block (7) through the said cooling block (12), to the exit from the said pulling device (16), and in reverse displacement to have sufficient compression strength so that, due to the said guidance means (24), the said automatic attachment / detachment means (21) may be displaced to the exit from the said drawing block (7).
    5. Device according to claim 4, in which the said auxiliary tension means is a steel strip (20), which is laterally positioned by rails which form the said guidance means (24).
    6. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 5 which comprises a guidance means (24a) and a storage means for the said auxiliary tension device (20) and the said attachment means (21), at the exit from the said pulling device (16).
    7. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 6 in which the said secondary means (23) is a motor spindle or a jack.
    8. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, in which the automatic attachment / detachment means (21) is composed of two cams (22) with oriented teeth capable of gripping the said tapered end of the said long product (2) as soon as and as long as the automatic attachment / detachment means (21) exerts tension on the said end in forward displacement.
    9. Device according to claim 8, in which the profile of the said cams (22) has a logarithm shape so as to exert pressure on the said end, proportional to the tension, for manufacturing tubes with diameters varying within a fairly wide range.
    10. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprising a cooling block (12), which is used together with a wiping box (14).
    11. Device according to claim 10, in which the said wiping box (14), the central orifice of which is adapted to the drawn product (2a), can be translated using the said guidance means (24) and by the thrust of the said attachment means (21), as far as the exit from the said drawing block (7).
    12. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, in which the said pulling device (16) is a tracked device.
    13. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 12, for use for drawing tubes and comprising a means of forming a notch (30) at the exit from the drawing block, to reduce the inside diameter of the said tube and, when starting, to facilitate placement of the mandrel adapted to each die.
    14. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 13 which comprises means of automating sequential implementation of the various movements enabling use of the said automatic engagement means:
      a) Start reverse motion of the said secondary means (23), so that the said attachment means (21) appears at the exit from the pulling device (16),
      b) and stop the said secondary means as soon as the said pulling device (16) starts its reverse motion,
      c) start reverse motion of the pulling device (16) until the said attachment means has gripped the said tapered end of the said long product (2),
      d) start forward motion of the pulling device (16), and possibly automatically make a notch (30) after displacement of the said end on a given predetermined length,
      e) and when the said attachment means (21) reaches the exit from the said pulling device (16), start temporary forward motion of the said secondary means (23) to move the said attachment means (21) away from the exit from the said pulling device (16).
    15. Drawing line, comprising one drawing device in series according to any one of claims 1 to 13, for each of the required number of drawing passes, including a regulation system (27) between two successive drawing devices, providing guidance for the said long drawn product (2a) towards the entrance into the next drawing block (7a) or to a cutting or other station.
    16. Drawing line according to claim 15, in which the said regulation system enables the formation of a loop (28) of the said long drawn product, and comprises displacement means (29).
    17. Line according to either of claims 15 and 16, comprising means for checking the position and speed of the said long product (2, 2a, 2b, etc.), means of checking the diameter of each regulation loop (28), means of synchronizing the various linear speeds of the said long drawn products at the exit from each drawing block by varying the speed imposed on pulling devices (16) and/or displacement means (29), such that there is no accumulation or excessive tension in the said long drawn products between two successive drawing blocks (7, 7a).
    18. Use of the device according to claims 1 to 14 or the line according to claims 15 to 17 for drawing metallic products in reels (wires, tubes, bars).
    19. Use of the device according to claims 1 to 13 for drawing straight metallic products (bars, tubes).
    EP96908170A 1995-03-24 1996-03-21 Automatic drawing device Expired - Lifetime EP0814921B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9503742 1995-03-24
    FR9503742A FR2731925B1 (en) 1995-03-24 1995-03-24 AUTOMATIC DRAWING DEVICE
    PCT/FR1996/000430 WO1996030136A1 (en) 1995-03-24 1996-03-21 Automatic drawing device

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    EP0814921A1 EP0814921A1 (en) 1998-01-07
    EP0814921B1 true EP0814921B1 (en) 1999-01-13

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    IL117509A0 (en) 1996-07-23
    MX9706903A (en) 1997-11-29
    CO4520113A1 (en) 1997-10-15
    FR2731925A1 (en) 1996-09-27
    CN1082405C (en) 2002-04-10
    UA45395C2 (en) 2002-04-15
    SK284696B6 (en) 2005-09-08
    ES2126394T3 (en) 1999-03-16
    KR19980702721A (en) 1998-08-05
    MY116647A (en) 2004-03-31
    ZA962329B (en) 1996-09-27
    CA2214020C (en) 2005-12-06
    AR001272A1 (en) 1997-10-08
    HK1002175A1 (en) 1998-08-07
    US5660071A (en) 1997-08-26
    EP0814921A1 (en) 1998-01-07
    SK127697A3 (en) 1998-01-14
    SI0814921T1 (en) 1999-08-31
    CA2214020A1 (en) 1996-10-03
    BR9607744A (en) 1998-06-23
    JP3066807B2 (en) 2000-07-17
    AU701404B2 (en) 1999-01-28
    TR199701022T1 (en) 1998-01-21
    DZ2004A1 (en) 2002-07-20
    CN1179119A (en) 1998-04-15
    DE69601357D1 (en) 1999-02-25
    EG20904A (en) 2000-06-28
    TNSN96041A1 (en) 1998-12-31
    DE69601357T2 (en) 1999-05-27
    IL117509A (en) 1999-08-17
    PL179893B1 (en) 2000-11-30
    YU16796A (en) 1998-08-14
    HU224599B1 (en) 2005-11-28
    KR100287029B1 (en) 2001-04-16
    JPH10511046A (en) 1998-10-27
    PL322308A1 (en) 1998-01-19
    RU2133649C1 (en) 1999-07-27
    PE22697A1 (en) 1997-07-19
    YU49216B (en) 2004-11-25
    IN188011B (en) 2002-08-10
    FR2731925B1 (en) 1997-05-23
    WO1996030136A1 (en) 1996-10-03
    TW315332B (en) 1997-09-11
    HUP9800808A3 (en) 2000-06-28
    HUP9800808A2 (en) 1998-07-28
    AU5150696A (en) 1996-10-16

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