EP0811818A1 - Grate plate and its fabrication process - Google Patents

Abstract

The grid plate provides a controlled gas distribution into a gravity fed material flow eg. in cement manufacture. The abrasive material flows over a grid plate (6) which is made of abrasion resistant steel, or is coated with an abrasion resistant layer. Slots (7) in the grid plate distribute the gas flow into the material for a good heat exchange effect. The grid plate is supported on a frame (5) with inner reinforcing ribs. The reinforcing ribs of the support frame are L-shaped with their upper edges supporting the underside of the grid plate and with their profiles forming gas ducts to the gas slots. The grid plate is easily replaced when worn.

Description

The invention relates to a grate plate for installation in a grate device for the heat exchange between pourable material and treatment gas, in particular for attachment to a grate plate support in a grate cooler, according to the preamble of claim 1, and a method for producing a grate plate, according to the preamble of claim 19 .

From practice it is generally known to install grate plates of the type required in various grate devices in which a pourable material, e.g. Cement materials, ore materials and the like, are treated with the aid of gases flowing through the top layer from bottom to top in the respectively required manner. This can involve, for example, preheating, preburning, burning and, above all, cooling the materials mentioned.

In the as yet unpublished German patent application 195 37 904.7, a grate plate of about the required type is proposed, the construction of which is intended to achieve a particularly favorable and uniform flow through the material to be treated and thus an optimal heat exchange between the material and the treatment gas. For this purpose, it is proposed there to design the gas passage channels in the support plate in the manner of a pipeline and approximately in a zigzag fashion, with them overall extending obliquely in the material conveying direction from the underside of the plate to the top of the plate.

Also known from EP-B-0 167 658 is a box-shaped grate floor element with two lateral supporting webs which extend vertically and in the longitudinal direction of the plate and on which the strip-defining bodies, which define the surface and form fine gas slits running through the entire grate element width, form conductors - or tine-shaped. In each case two such ladder or fork-shaped structures made from lateral supporting webs and ledge bodies are put together in a complementary and form-fitting manner in such a way that the ledge bodies running parallel to one another as a whole form a flat top support surface with the gas passage slots remaining therebetween.

DE-A-37 34 043 discloses a grate cooler for cooling hot bulk material. Here, box-shaped grate plate supports with flat top cover plates are provided, each of which is covered by a likewise flat grate plate that is angled downward at its front end. Slit-shaped gas passage openings are provided in the cover plate of the grate plate carrier and in the grate plate arranged flat above, while slot-shaped connection openings are formed between these two planar plates lying one on top of the other as a connection between said gas passage openings. Since the gas passage openings in the two superposed flat plates are each shifted in the longitudinal direction of the plate, it should be avoided that in the event of a failure of the cooling gas supply, solids can fall down through the gas passage openings, and throttle elements can also be arranged in this opening system.

Especially in the case of the two last-mentioned grate plate designs, it has repeatedly been shown that the tops that come into contact with the material are still relatively susceptible to wear, which is particularly evident when relatively hard-wearing material, as is the case, for example, with cement clinker to be cooled , is transported along the grate device or a corresponding cooling grate and is to be cooled with cooling gas.

The invention is therefore based on the object of further improving a grate plate according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for producing a grate plate according to the preamble of claim 19 in such a way that the good support plate even in the case of highly abrasive goods such as e.g. Cement clinker or the like, has a relatively long life (long service life) and is characterized by a relatively cheap and inexpensive production.

This object is achieved on the one hand in a constructive manner by the characterizing features (in particular in combination with one another) of claim 1 and on the other hand in terms of process technology by the characterizing features of claim 19.

Advantageous refinements and developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

In the construction of the grate plate according to the invention, the material support plate is made from rolled steel plate material which has been reworked to be highly wear-resistant, that is to say subsequently made to be highly wear-resistant, and the gas passage channels are in a vertical longitudinal section viewed through the support plate - incorporated into this support plate essentially in a straight line and obliquely in the conveying direction.

Highly wear-resistant refurbished rolled steel plate material is already known from general mechanical engineering for machine parts at risk of wear, but has so far not been used for the formation of good support plates for rust plates of the type mentioned. This is probably due to the fact that the material support plate of such a grate plate - especially in the treatment of highly abrasive material such as cement clinker or the like - is not only exposed to high abrasion or wear attacks, but also to a considerable weight load, so that correspondingly large plate thicknesses are required have been viewed, but which make the plate material mentioned relatively expensive.

In the practical internal experiments on which the invention is based, it has now been shown that the rolled steel plate material which is used according to the invention for the production of the good support plate and which is subsequently made highly wear-resistant and which anyway consists of a special alloy, is unexpected in comparison to the previously used, sometimes tempered materials brings a significant increase in service life, so it is much more wear-resistant than the previously known and used materials for these support plates. Due to this fact, there is the great advantage that the support plate can be made of relatively thin plate material in the grate plate according to the invention and still have a longer life than the known designs. Advantageous is furthermore that commercially available plate material, namely the highly wear-resistant reworked rolled steel plate material, can be used for the production of this support plate.

In the case of the crop support plate produced in this way, it is also considered to be particularly advantageous if — as already mentioned above in some cases — the gas passage channels are incorporated into this crop support plate in a substantially straight and oblique manner in the conveying direction. The latter can be done in a relatively simple but very precise manner and adapted to the respective requirements, above all by means of a special high-energy cut process, as will be explained in more detail later. The design and alignment of the gas passage channels ensures that the gas to be supplied (e.g. cooling air in the case of a cooling grate) penetrates the goods on the support plate well, while at the same time a certain conveying effect can be achieved for the goods to be transported along on the associated grate device.

Since the good support plate in this grate plate according to the invention - as explained above - can be made from relatively thin plate material, it is expedient to ensure its stabilization so that no disturbing vibrations can build up during operation of the associated grate device, eg grate cooler. For this reason, it is initially provided that the plate base body has a parallel frame side parts firmly connected to each other support frame made of stiffening elements on which the Guttragplatte in places between its outer frame structure the gas passage channels are supported and at least partially attached. This support frame thus connects parallel frame side parts, in particular the long side parts, firmly and thus sufficiently stably to one another, the base of the support plate additionally being supported on the stiffening elements of this support frame and being at least partially fastened at locations between the gas passage channels. This also ensures at the same time that the treatment gas or cooling gas on its way from the underside of the plate to the top of the plate (into the material to be treated) is not or not significantly impaired.

In the context mentioned above, it is also expedient that the stiffening elements of the support structure are at least partially in the form of support ribs which are arranged at parallel distances from one another and extend in the transverse direction of the plate between the longitudinal side parts of the outer frame structure and have an open, flat channel cross section, the one channel longitudinal edge of each support rib is directed against the underside of the support plate and is connected to this underside of the plate, while the other longitudinal edge of the rib runs with the formation of a gas passage gap at a parallel distance from the underside of the plate, and that the gas passage channels in the support plate extend in a slit shape and approximately parallel to the support ribs, whereby they each open out on the underside of the plate above the channel cross-section of the supporting ribs underneath.

With regard to the method for producing such a grate plate, it follows from the foregoing already that according to the invention a highly wear-resistant reworked or subsequently made highly wear-resistant rolled steel plate material is used and the gas passage channels are incorporated into the good-carrying plate by means of a special high-energy separating cutting process in the transverse direction of the plate. The Guttragplatte can thus be made from relatively inexpensive and accurate.

In the manufacture of the grate plate according to the invention, it is also important in the sense of a relatively cheap and inexpensive manufacture, especially of the good support plate and for a well-distributed and unobstructed passage of the treatment gases, that the gas passage channels can be worked into the good support plate as economically and precisely as possible. This is advantageously done by the high-energy cut process mentioned.

Commercially available composite steel plates can therefore be used as the rolled steel plate material, the top layer of which is post-hardened to be particularly wear-resistant or formed by a hard overlay weld layer and has a hardness of approximately 58 to 68 HRC (according to Rockwell). This rolled steel plate material is characterized by a particularly high level of stability.

A plasma-burning process, a laser-burning process, a high-pressure water-jet abrasive cutting process or another similar high-energy cutting process can expediently be used as the high-energy cutting process for incorporating the gas passage channels into the support plate. In each Trap can be ensured by such - known - separation cutting processes that even the subsequently highly wear-resistant (for example post-hardened or hard-facing welded layer) rolled steel plate materials can be provided with the necessary gas passage channels extremely reliably, precisely and economically.

As far as the formation and arrangement of the gas passage channels in the support plate are concerned, there are several possible designs. It will generally be advantageous for the treatment of the goods if the gas passage channels - viewed in the vertical longitudinal section through the grate plate and thus through the goods support plate - are machined into the goods support plate essentially in a straight line and at an angle in the direction of material conveyance, one from the underside of the plate can obtain essentially constant or substantially uniformly narrowing slot width to the top of the plate. As a result, not only the heat exchange between the goods and the gas, but also a certain conveying effect for the goods located on the associated grate device can be favored.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous in the longitudinal direction of the plate to incorporate a plurality of parallel transverse rows with gas passage channels - viewed in the material conveying direction - at least in a front longitudinal section of the support plate and in this case in each transverse row several gas passage channels of the same size or of the same length. In contrast, however, it can also be advantageous in other execution cases (for example in In the sense of a simplified production), if the gas passage channels - viewed in the direction of material conveyance - are at least worked into the front longitudinal section of the material plate and several transverse gas passage channels, each slit-shaped and extending essentially continuously between outer frame side parts, are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the plate at equal intervals.

In this production of the grate plate according to the invention, it is furthermore considered to be particularly expedient if a supporting frame is formed from stiffening elements within the outer frame structure of the plate base body, on which the support plate is supported and at least partially fastened at locations which are located between gas passage channels. This measure proves to be particularly advantageous in that the rolled steel plate material which has been subjected to high wear resistance can be relatively thin. The support plate can thus - as already indicated above - be optimally supported without obstructing the gas flow and be made from relatively inexpensive, commercially available rolled steel plate material without the risk of undesirable vibrations building up in the support plate or undesirable bending stresses occurring therein.

Fig.1

einen vertikalen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäß hergestellte und auf einem Rostplattenträger befestigte Rosttplatte;

Fig.2

eine Aufsicht auf die Rostplatte gemäß Fig.1;

Fig.3 und 4

Explosionsdarstellungen zweier unterschiedlicher Rostplattenausführungen, bei jeweils vertikalem Längsschnitt durch die Rostplatte;

Fig.5

eine vertikale Längsschnittansicht durch den Plattengrundkörper, entsprechend der Linie V-V in Fig.6;

Fig.6

eine Aufsicht auf den Plattengrundkörper gemäß Fig.5;

Fig.7 und 8

eine vertikale Längsschnittansicht sowie eine Aufsicht der Rostplatte von einigen Ausführungsvarianten.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show in this drawing

Fig. 1

a vertical longitudinal section through a grate plate manufactured according to the invention and fastened to a grate plate support;

Fig. 2

a plan of the grate plate according to Figure 1;

Fig. 3 and 4

Exploded views of two different grate plate designs, each with a vertical longitudinal section through the grate plate;

Fig. 5

a vertical longitudinal sectional view through the plate body, according to the line VV in Figure 6;

Fig. 6

a top view of the plate base body according to Figure 5;

Fig. 7 and 8

a vertical longitudinal sectional view and a top view of the grate plate of some variants.

In the exemplary embodiments illustrated and described below, it is assumed in each case that the grate plate according to the invention is designed and intended for installation in a grate cooler, preferably a sliding grate cooler, for cooling heavily abrasive hot material. At this point, however, it should also be mentioned that the grate plate according to the invention can be installed with equally good success in other roughly similar grate devices in which bulk goods are to be subjected to heat exchange with treatment gas, for example preheating or burning the respective goods. A particularly preferred use of this grate plate according to the invention, however, is the aforementioned installation in a grate cooler for extremely hard-wearing goods, as is the case especially with cement clinker is. Since grate coolers of the type in question here, such as thrust grate coolers or the like, are generally known, the structure of such a grate cooler need not be discussed in more detail here.

The general structure of the grate plate 1 according to the invention and its installation or its attachment to a grate plate support 2 in an associated grate cooler will first be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In addition, it should be generally stated that - as is known per se - a plurality of grate plate supports 2 are arranged one behind the other in a corresponding manner in the longitudinal direction of the grate cooler or of the cooling grate installed therein, these grate plate supports 2 transversely or at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the cooler and thus also to the conveying direction (arrow 3) of the goods to be cooled. On each grate plate carrier 2 there is a transverse row of several grate plates 1 - perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 1 - with the grate plate cross rows adjacent to one another in the conveying direction overlapping in a scale-like manner.

The grate plate 1 contains, as main components, a plate base body 4 with an outer frame structure 5 and a crop support plate 6 fastened on the upper edge 5a of this frame structure 5, preferably by welds, which is designed as a flat plate. A plurality of gas passage channels 7 of essentially the same size and of the same design are formed in this support plate, which are provided continuously from the underside of the plate 6a to the top side 6b of this support plate 6.

The grate plate carrier 2 is designed as a hollow body and, in addition to the arrangement and attachment of the grate plates 1, also serves at the same time for the supply of cooling gas or of cooling air, as indicated by dashed arrows 8 in FIG. 1, so that this cooling gas (arrow 8) of introduced into the roughly hollow box-like grate plate 1 at the bottom and then evenly distributed through the gas passage channels 7 and can enter the refrigerated goods located on the top of the product support plate 6. At the same time, the grate plate itself cools well.

For quick, reliable and detachable fastening of the grate plate 1 on the grate plate support 2, a clamping screw 9 is provided, which engages with its head part 9a in a fastening projection 10 formed in the plate base body 4 and with its opposite, outer end 9b through a longitudinal wall 2a of the grate plate support 2 reaches outwards and is clamped there with the aid of a screw nut 11. In FIG. 1 it can also be seen that the front part of the grate plate 1 pointing in the direction of good conveyance (arrow 3) is bounded at the bottom by a base plate 12, which has a rear connecting edge 12a for positive connection with the longitudinal edge 2b of the hollow grate plate carrier 2 facing it having.

For the construction of this grate plate 1 according to the invention, it is now important that the support plate 6 is made from highly wear-resistant reworked rolled steel plate material, that is to say a rolled steel plate material which has already been made from a special alloy from the outset is subsequently made highly wear-resistant, for example post-hardened or with a hard overlay weld layer Mistake. Such rolled steel plate material is commercially available, but has so far only been used for special machine parts in general mechanical engineering, but not for rusting devices for the treatment of abrasive goods.

Due to the extremely high wear resistance of the rolled steel plate material described above, even with extremely hard-wearing cement clinker, this rolled steel plate material with a relatively small plate thickness can be used for the production of the supporting plates. Because of this plate thickness, which is also relatively small for cooling cement clinker, this very expensive, highly wear-resistant rolled steel plate material has also become particularly interesting for use with grate plates 1 in a grate cooler.

However, these relatively thin plates for use as the support plate 6 harbor the risk of a strong bending stress on the part of the load on them and the build-up of undesirable vibrations during the operation of the cooler. In order to prevent these dangers, it is at the same time considered expedient in this grate plate 1 according to the invention that the plate base body 4 has a parallel frame side parts within its outer frame structure 5, ie at least its longitudinal side walls or longitudinal side parts 5b and 5c, a supporting frame 13 made of stiffening elements, namely supporting ribs, which firmly interconnect them 14 and stiffening webs 15, on which the support plate 6 is supported at locations between the gas passage channels 7 and at least partially fastened, preferably welded. How 5 and 6 (plate base body) will emerge in detail, the support structure 13 is constructed in this way with an approximately honeycomb structure (with rectangular honeycombs), as a result of which the load-bearing plate 6 is extremely reliable, and is supported and fastened without vibration on this support frame 13.

The further structure of the grate plate 1 according to the invention will first be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the exemplary embodiments there differing primarily only in the design or manufacture of the support plate 6 or 6 ', while the plate base body 4 in both examples can be constructed in the same way.

As has already been mentioned, the support structure 13 essentially consists of the overall approximately honeycomb-shaped support ribs 14 and stiffening webs 15. Here, as can also be seen in FIG. 6, the support ribs 14 are arranged at parallel spacings from one another, in the transverse direction of the plate, ie extend at right angles to the direction of material conveyance (arrow 3 in FIG. 1) between the longitudinal side walls or longitudinal side parts 5b and 5c of the outer frame structure 5 and are firmly connected to them. As can be seen from the sectional representations in FIGS. 1, 3, 4 and 5, these support ribs 14 expediently have a flat channel cross section which is open at the top, one longitudinal channel edge (14a) of each supporting rib 14 on the underside of the plate 6a and the other longitudinal channel edge (14b ) is at a distance from the underside of the plate 6a. For this design, each support rib 14 has two in these first exemplary embodiments (FIGS. 1 to 6) Rib legs 14a and 14b extending in the transverse direction of the plate, which at the same time form the channel edges with their outer edges and of which the one, shorter rib leg 14a is directed in each case against the underside 6a of the support plate 6 or 6 'and is firmly connected to this plate underside 6a, for example by short welds or welds, while the other, longer rib leg 14b runs with the formation of a gas passage gap 16 (see FIG. 1) with a parallel distance to the underside 6a of the plate.

According to these first exemplary embodiments, it is preferred that the above-mentioned channel cross-section of each support rib 14 - as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 4 and 5 - is approximately in the form of an isosceles angle, the shorter rib leg pointing in the direction of good conveyance (arrow 3) 14a is firmly connected to the underside of the plate 6a, the longer rib leg 14b, including a - as shown in the figures - flat acute angle - in the direction of good conveyance (arrow 3) - rises obliquely backwards against the underside of the plate 6a and both rib legs 14a and 14b are directly connected to one another via an arc-shaped apex section 14c.

In particular in the vertical longitudinal sectional views (e.g. FIGS. 1, 3, 4) through the grate plate 1, it can be clearly seen that the gas passage channels 7 generally rising from the underside of the plate 6a to the top of the plate 6b essentially in a straight line and at an angle to the material conveying direction (arrow 3) the Guttragplatte 6, 6 'are incorporated.

The gas passage channels 7 extend in the support plate 6, 6 'in a slot shape and approximately parallel to the support ribs 14 (viewed perpendicular to the drawing planes of FIGS. 1, 3, 4 and 5). In these first exemplary embodiments, the gas passage channels 7 each open on the underside of the plate 6a - cf. in particular Figure 1 - above the channel cross-section, preferably in the central region of this channel cross-section, of the support ribs 14 underneath, whereby these support ribs 14 simultaneously form a type of gas or air guiding elements (as an extension or continuation of the gas passage channels 7).

With regard to a particularly effective and uniform application of cooling gas or cooling air to the goods to be cooled, it is considered advantageous if - according to a first embodiment - a plurality of essentially identical, slit-shaped gas passage channels 7 each in a transverse row transversely to the material conveying direction (arrow 3) and several such transverse rows in the plate longitudinal direction (parallel to the material conveying direction, arrow 3) with the same spacing one behind the other and - viewed in the material conveying direction (arrow 3) - are arranged at least in the front longitudinal section of the material support plate 6 or 6 ', as seen from the top Grate plate 1 can be seen in FIG. The gas passage channels 7 in mutually adjacent transverse rows are offset from one another or arranged on a gap.

For a good treatment function of the goods to be cooled, it is furthermore considered advantageous that the support ribs 14 with their relatively flat channel cross sections extend on the underside of the overlying ones Form gas passage channels 7 in such a way that, according to the arrows 8 (for the cooling gas) indicated in FIG. 1, each gas passage channel 7 - viewed in vertical longitudinal section through the grate plate 1 - has an overall approximately zigzag-shaped shape and essentially from the plate underside 6a to the plate top 6b has oblique channel shape. On the one hand, this channel shape allows a very effective passage of the cooling gas into the refrigerated goods located on the support plate 6 and, on the other hand, enables the finest particles of particles which may pass down through the gas passage channels 7 to be caught in the upwardly open channel cross section of the supporting ribs 14 and blown back towards the top of the plate can be. There is also a good cooling effect on the grate plate itself.

As has already been expressed several times above, an important feature of this grate plate 1 according to the invention is seen in the production of the good support plate 6 or 6 'from a highly wear-resistant rolled steel plate material. It is particularly inexpensive to manufacture the good support plate 6, 6 'from a commercially available rolled steel plate material which has been made highly wear-resistant by subsequent hardening, in which at least one top layer is hardened particularly wear-resistant or is formed by a hard build-up welding layer and a hardness - according to Rockwell - of approximately 58 to 68 HRC.

In the sense of what has been said, it is assumed that the support plate 6 in the example of FIG. 3 consists consistently of the same material, namely of a commercially available hard material plate or one that is subsequently highly wear-resistant made, for example post-hardened, specially alloyed rolled steel plate material.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, on the other hand, it is assumed that the support plate 6 'has at least two layers 6.1 or 6.2 lying directly on top of one another and having the same layer thickness throughout. The lower plate layer 6.1 can consist of a specially alloyed rolled steel plate material, and the upper plate layer 6.2 is applied to this lower plate layer 6.1 as a particularly highly wear-resistant material layer by hard surfacing - in a suitable thickness and with the stated hardness.

When using this relatively hard rolled steel plate material for the production of the support plate 6 or 6 ', it is now important to provide a suitable method for incorporating the slit-shaped gas passage channels 7. It is therefore proposed to incorporate the gas passage channels 7 into the support plates 6 or 6 'by means of a special separation cut process, which can be done very cleanly and precisely with the aid of a plasma combustion process known per se. This incorporation of the gas passage channels can, however, also be carried out with a suitable laser combustion process or with the aid of another similar high-energy combustion process or also with the aid of a high-pressure water jet abrasive material cutting process (in which fine abrasive materials suitable for a relatively fine, very high pressure water jet, such as corundum or the like can be added); With all of these separation cutting methods, the one to be worked out Focus the material point very precisely. As a result, comparatively fine or narrow gas passage channels 7 can be worked into the support plate 6 or 6 'in the required manner, relatively accurately, for example with a clear slot width W (FIGS. 3 and 4) of approximately 2.5 to 3 mm. In this case, in these first exemplary embodiments (cf. FIGS. 1 to 4) a clear slot width W which is constant from the underside 6a of the plate to the top 6b of the plate is provided.

When incorporating these gas passage channels 7 into the crop support plate 6 or 6 ', one then proceeds in such a way that, in the longitudinal direction of the plate (in the direction of arrow 3), a plurality of parallel transverse rows with these gas passage channels 7 - viewed in the material conveying direction (arrow 3) - at least in a front one Longitudinal section of the support plate 6, 6 '(as can be seen in the drawing) and in each of these transverse rows several equally large or long gas passage channels 7 are worked in by a suitable high-energy separating cutting method (as mentioned above), as shown in FIG is recognizable. Each transverse row is given the desired number of gas passage channels 7. In the sense of a distribution of the treatment gas in the material layer that is as uniform as possible in terms of area, it is also considered appropriate, for example as shown in FIG. 2, the gas passage channels 7 in the mutually adjacent, transverse channel rows Gap staggered.

The structural design of the base plate body 4 and in particular the design of the support structure 13 will be discussed in more detail below, with reference first of all to FIGS. 5 and 6 is taken, in which only the plate base body 4 is illustrated in vertical longitudinal section and in plan view. The shape and course of the channel-shaped support ribs 14 can initially correspond to what has already been described above, in particular with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. In the trough-shaped support ribs 14 - several upright and in the plate longitudinal direction (ie in the direction of good conveyance according to arrow 3) extending stiffening webs 15 are now firmly attached - evenly distributed over the length of each support rib 14. These stiffening webs 15 are not only provided uniformly distributed in the transverse direction of the plate, but they also extend beyond the channel cross section of the associated support rib 14 and connect two adjacent support ribs 14 to one another, whereby they extend from the channel cross section to the underside 6a of the support plate 6 or 6 'are enough. In this way, the support frame 13 is, as is particularly shown in FIG. 6, approximately honeycomb-shaped with rectangular honeycombs, the stiffening webs 15 supporting the support plate 6 or 6 'at locations between gas passage channels 7 adjacent to one another in the transverse direction of the plate and at least partially, for example approximately in the form of a grid, are firmly connected to the underside of the plate 6a, preferably welded.

Since the gas passage channels 7 according to the examples in FIGS. 1 to 4 are - as explained above - offset from one another in a gap in adjacent transverse rows, the supporting structure 13 is also designed accordingly, ie the rectangular honeycombs of its honeycomb structure are also in a gap arranged offset to each other, with rectangular honeycombs staggered in transverse rows from each other connected support ribs 14 and stiffening webs 15.

The plate base body 4 is now expediently produced with its frame structure 5, the support frame 13 formed therein and the fastening attachment 10 as a one-piece cast body, preferably made of cast steel, so that the support frame 13 consists of the support ribs 14 and the stiffening webs 15 with the frame structure 5 in one Piece is poured. This also contributes to inexpensive manufacture of the grate plate 1. If the fastening projection 10 - as shown in FIG. 6 - is formed on at least one stiffening rib running approximately in the area of the longitudinal center of the grate plate 1 or the plate base body 4 between the end face parts (or walls) 5d, 5e, then the latter also ensures additional stability of the plate base body 4.

If one looks again at the vertical longitudinal sectional views in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, then one can also see there that the front face part 5e of the frame structure 5 (plate base body 4) has a lower wear edge 18 when viewed in the direction of good conveyance (arrow 3) which can slide along the front end of this grate plate on the top of the next grate plate - not shown in the drawing - if it is a moving grate cooler. For this reason, it is then expedient to produce this lower wear edge 18 from the same highly wear-resistant rolled steel plate material as the good support plate 6 or 6 '. This wear edge 18 is then in a corresponding lower Recess of the front end part 5a fixed, but interchangeably attached if necessary.

As already mentioned above at the beginning of the description of the embodiment, the front part of the grate plate 1 pointing in the direction of good conveyance (arrow 3) is delimited downwards by the base plate 12. This base plate 12 is arranged at a sufficiently large distance below the support structure 13 so that a sufficiently large space for the supply and distribution of treatment gas from below is ensured in the area of the gas passage channels 7. This base plate 12 can also be cast in one piece with the plate base body 4. For sufficient access to the grate plate 1 from below, however, it can additionally be advantageous if a sufficiently large opening 19 is provided in this base plate 12, which is closed off by a separate closure cover 20 which can be removed if necessary (cf. also FIG .4 and 6).

7 and 8, a few embodiment variants for the examples described above are described below, identical or similar parts of the first exemplary embodiments (FIGS. 1 to 6) and these further embodiment variants (FIGS. 7 and 8) having the same reference symbols, may be designated with the addition of a double line, so that their further explanation is largely unnecessary.

In the embodiment variant of the grate plate 1 ″ according to FIG. 7, it should first be pointed out that in the essentially the same highly wear-resistant rolled steel plate material as in the first exemplary embodiments manufactured support plate 6 ″, the gas passage channels 7 ″ can generally be incorporated in the same distribution and arrangement, as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 and will be explained below with reference to FIG. 8. The gas passage channels 7 ″ in the support plate 6 ″ according to FIG. 7 differ from those of the previous examples (cf. FIGS. 1, 3 and 4) essentially only in that they - in a vertical longitudinal section through the support plate 6 ″ considered - are designed with a clear slot width W '' which essentially narrows uniformly from the underside of the plate 6''a to the top of the plate 6''b. These slit-shaped gas passage channels 7 ″ can also be produced very precisely and relatively easily with the aid of the high-energy separating cutting method already explained above. As can be clearly seen in the longitudinal sectional view according to FIG. 7, this narrow slot width narrowing upwards and forwards results to a certain extent as a kind of nozzle shape, through which, if necessary, it is possible to act in particular on the goods located on the support plate 6 ″.

A further embodiment variant is illustrated in FIG. 7, which relates to the cross-sectional shape of the support ribs 14 ″, which in their arrangement and distribution under the support plate 6 ″ and in the plate base body 4 or in its outer frame structure 5 correspond exactly to that What has been explained above with reference to Figures 1 to 6, in particular with reference to Figures 5 and 6, so that it can be expressly referred to. 1, 3, 4 and 5, the stiffening ribs 14 have the cross-sectional shape of isosceles angles Design variant according to FIG. 7, each support rib 14 ″ has an approximately flat-arc-shaped, downwardly bent channel cross section. A bead-like constricting element 21 is provided at a distance above each of these channel cross sections and parallel to the associated support rib 14 '', which may have the shape of a semicircular strip (as shown in FIG. 7) and from the bottom 6 '' a Guttragplatte 6 "protrudes downwards against the channel cross-section such that it forms, together with the associated support rib 14", a lower channel section 7 "" a, into which the lower end of the associated gas passage channel 7 "opens. The constricting elements 21, which are designed approximately in the manner of semicircular strips, can be fastened as separate parts, for example on the underside of the plate 6 ″ a, or else can be produced in one piece with the plate base body 4.

Otherwise, also in this embodiment variant (FIG. 7) in the trough-shaped support ribs 14 ″ again - as explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 - several adjacent support ribs that are firmly connected to one another and extend to the underside of the support plate 6 ″ and stiffening webs 15 running in the longitudinal direction of the plate are firmly attached such that a honeycomb-shaped structure with mutually offset rectangular honeycombs is formed from support ribs 14 ″ and stiffening webs 15.

With regard to the downwardly arched cross-sectional shape of the support ribs 14 '' according to FIG. 7, it should be added that - as can be seen in the drawing - the longitudinal channel edge of each support rib 14 '' against the underside 6''a of the support plate 6 '' directed and with it is connected, while the other channel longitudinal edge runs with the formation of a gas passage gap 16 with a parallel distance to the underside of the plate 6''a.

Furthermore, while in the first exemplary embodiments, as has been explained in particular with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, several essentially identical, slit-shaped gas passage channels 7, each of a transverse row, are formed transversely to the material conveying direction (arrow 3), according to the embodiment variant in FIG .8 proposed that - viewed in the direction of material conveyance (arrow 3) - at least in the front longitudinal section of the material support plate 6 '' several substantially equally large, slit-shaped gas passage channels 7 '' are provided, which in this case are always transverse to the direction of material conveyance (arrow 3) extend between the two frame side parts 5b and 5c and are arranged one behind the other and parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction of the plate (corresponding to the direction of material conveyance, arrow 3). This means that, according to the embodiment variant in FIG. 8, only one continuous gas passage channel 7 ″ is present in the transverse direction of the support plate 6 ″. The support frame 13 located under this support plate 6 ″ can either be of exactly the same design as is shown in FIG 5 and 6 with the supporting ribs 14 and the stiffening webs 15 or as has been explained in detail with reference to the embodiment variant according to FIG. 7 with the supporting ribs 14 '' and the stiffening webs 15. In this embodiment variant, the support ribs 14 and 14 ″ and the stiffening webs 15 in turn support the underside 6 ″ a of the support plate 6 ″, with only the support ribs 14 and 14 ″ then between two transverse gas passage channels 7 '' are arranged.

Claims (26)

Containing grate plate for installation in a grate device for the heat exchange between pourable material and treatment gas, in particular for attachment to a grate plate support (2) in a grate cooler a) a plate base body (4) with an outer frame structure (5) and b) a crop support plate (6, 6 ', 6'') fastened to the upper edge (5a) of this frame structure, on the gas passage channels (6b, 6''b) which extend from its underside (6a, 6''a) to the top of the plate (6b, 6''b) 7, 7 '') are formed, characterized,
that the crop support plate (6, 6 ', 6'') is made from highly wear-resistant reworked rolled steel plate material and the gas passage channels (7, 7'') - viewed in vertical longitudinal section through the crop support plate - are essentially straight and oblique in the conveying direction (3) are worked into this support plate. Grate plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate base body (4) on its outer frame structure (5) has a parallel frame side parts (5b, 5c) firmly connecting support frame (13) made of stiffening elements (14, 14 '', 15) which the Guttragplatte (6, 6 ', 6'') supported and is at least partially fastened that the stiffening elements of the supporting frame (13) are at least partly in the form of mutually parallel supporting ribs (14, 14 '), which extend in the transverse direction of the plate between the longitudinal side parts (5b, 5c) of the outer frame structure (5) ') are formed with a flat channel cross section open at the top, one longitudinal channel edge (14a) of each support rib (14, 14'') against the underside (6a, 6''a) of the support plate (6, 6', 6 '' ) is directed and connected to this underside of the plate, while the other channel longitudinal edge (14b) runs parallel to the underside of the plate, forming a gas passage gap (16), and that the gas passage channels (7, 7 '') in the support plate are slot-like and approximately parallel to extend the support ribs (14, 14 ''), each opening out on the underside of the plate above the channel cross section of the support rib below it. Grate plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the support ribs (14, 14 '') with their relatively flat channel cross sections form extensions of the gas passage channels (7, 7 '') on the underside such that each gas passage channel - in a vertical longitudinal section through the grate plate (1 , 1 '') - overall has an approximately zigzag-shaped and essentially an overall oblique channel shape. Grate plate according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of slot-shaped gas passage channels of substantially the same size transversely to the material conveying direction (3) (7) in a transverse row and a plurality of such transverse rows in the longitudinal direction of the plate with equal spacings one behind the other - viewed in the direction of material conveyance - are arranged at least in the front longitudinal section of the material support plate (6, 6 '). Grate plate according to claim 4, characterized in that in the channel-shaped support ribs (14) a plurality of adjacent support ribs which firmly connect to one another and extend to the underside (6a) of the load-bearing plate (6, 6 '), upright and extending in the longitudinal direction of the plate (15) The transverse plate direction is so firmly distributed that the support frame (13) is approximately honeycomb-shaped and these stiffening webs (15) support the good-carrying plate at locations between gas passage channels (7) adjacent to one another in the transverse plate direction and are at least partially firmly connected to the underside of the plate (6a), preferably are welded. Grate plate according to claim 5, characterized in that the gas passage channels (7) in the mutually adjacent, transverse rows of channels are each offset from one another and, in adaptation thereto, the supporting structure (13) has a honeycomb structure with rectangular honeycombs offset from one another in transverse rows from supporting ribs which are firmly connected to one another (14) and stiffening webs (15). Grate plate according to claim 2, characterized in that - viewed in the material conveying direction (3) - at least in the front longitudinal section of the material support plate (6 '') a plurality of essentially the same size, slit-shaped Gas passage channels (7 '') are provided, each extending continuously transversely to the material conveying direction (3) between the two frame side parts (5b, 5c) and arranged one behind the other and parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction of the plate. Grate plate according to claim 7, characterized in that in the channel-shaped support ribs (14 '') a plurality of adjacent support ribs which firmly connect to one another and extend to the underside (6''a) of the load-bearing plate (6 ''), upright and extending in the longitudinal direction of the plate (15) are fixedly distributed in the transverse direction of the panels in such a way that the support structure (13) is approximately honeycomb-shaped, this honeycomb-shaped structure preferably having mutually offset rectangular honeycombs made of support ribs (14 '') and reinforcing webs (15) which are firmly connected to one another in adjacent transverse rows . Grate plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the channel cross section of each support rib (14) is approximately in the form of an isosceles angle, the shorter rib leg (14a) pointing in the direction of material conveyance (3) being connected to the underside of the plate (6a), the longer rib leg (14b) including a relatively flat acute angle - viewed in the direction of material conveyance (3) - rises obliquely backwards towards the underside of the plate (6a) and both rib legs (14a, 14b) are directly connected to each other via an arcuate curved apex section (14c). Grate plate according to claim 2, characterized in that each support rib (14 '') has a channel cross section which is bent downward in an approximately flat-arc shape and that a bead-like narrowing element (21) runs at a distance above each channel cross section and parallel to the support rib (14 ''). from the underside (6''a) of the crop support plate (6 '') protrudes downwards against this channel cross-section in such a way that it forms a lower channel section (7''a) together with the associated supporting rib (14 ''). Grate plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the plate base body (4) with its frame structure (5), the support frame (13) formed therein and an attachment (10) for attachment to a grate plate support (2) is made as a one-piece cast body, preferably of cast steel . Grate plate according to claim 11, characterized in that the front part of the grate plate (1) pointing in the material conveying direction (3) is delimited at the bottom by a base plate (12) which is arranged at a distance below the support frame (13) and which has a rear connecting edge (12a) for positive connection with a grate plate support (2) and preferably a separate cover (20). Grate plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas passage channels (7) - viewed in vertical longitudinal section through the crop support plate (6, 6 '') - one from the underside of the plate (6a) The top of the plate (6b) has a constant clear slot width (W). Grate plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas passage channels (7 '') - viewed in vertical longitudinal section through the crop support plate (6 '') - with one from the plate underside (6''a) to the plate top (6''b) are made substantially uniformly narrowing clear slot width (W ''). Grate plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the material support plate (6, 6 ') is made of a commercially available composite plate material, in which at least the upper layer coming into contact with the material to be treated is reworked to be highly wear-resistant. Grate plate according to claim 15, characterized in that the top layer (6.2) of the composite plate material is formed by a hard overlay weld layer. Grate plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the material support plate (6, 6 ') is made from a commercially available rolled steel plate material which has been made highly wear-resistant by subsequent hardening. Grate plate according to claim 1, characterized in that - viewed in the material conveying direction (3) - the front end part (5e) of the frame structure (5) has a lower wear edge (18) made of the same highly wear-resistant rolled steel plate material. Process for producing a grate plate for installation in a grate device for heat exchange between a pourable material and treatment gas, in particular for installation in a grate cooler, continuous gas passage channels being formed in a material support plate from the underside of the plate to the top of the plate and the material support plate on the upper edge of an outer frame structure a plate base body is attached,
characterized in that a) a highly wear-resistant reworked rolled steel plate material is used for the support plate and b) the gas passage channels are worked into the good-carrying plate in a slot-like manner in the transverse direction of the plate by means of a high-energy separating cut method. Process according to Claim 19, characterized in that commercially available, highly wear-resistant composite steel plates are used as the rolled steel plate material, in which at least one uppermost layer is hardened particularly wear-resistant or is formed by a hard overlay weld layer and has a hardness of 58 to 68 HRC (Rockwell hardness). Process according to Claim 19, characterized in that a plasma combustion process, a laser combustion process, is used as the high-energy separation cut process for incorporating the gas passage channels into the crop support plate. a high energy water jet abrasive cutting process or other similar high energy cut process is used. A method according to claim 19, characterized in that the gas passage channels - viewed in the vertical longitudinal section through the grate plate - are worked into the good support plate essentially in a straight line and obliquely in the direction of material conveyance, whereby they are essentially constant or essentially uniform from the plate underside to the plate top maintain narrowing slot width. A method according to claim 19, characterized in that in the longitudinal direction of the plate a plurality of parallel transverse rows with gas passage channels - viewed in the direction of material conveyance - are worked in at least in a front longitudinal section of the material support plate and in each transverse row several gas passage channels of the same size. A method according to claim 19, characterized in that the gas passage channels - viewed in the direction of material conveyance - are incorporated at least into the front longitudinal section of the material support plate and a plurality of gas passage channels running transversely and extending in a slot-like manner essentially continuously between outer frame side parts are arranged one behind the other in the plate longitudinal direction and at equal intervals. A method according to claim 19, characterized in that within the outer frame structure of the plate base body a support frame is formed from stiffening elements on which the crop support plate is supported and at least partially attached. A method according to claim 25, characterized in that the plate base body (4) with its frame structure (5), the support frame (13) and at least one fastening attachment (10) as a cast body, preferably cast in one piece from cast steel, and the support frame from stiffening elements on the one hand in the form of support ribs (14) and on the other hand in the form of stiffening webs (15), of which the support ribs running in the transverse direction of the plate with parallel distances from one another firmly connect the two longitudinal side parts (5b, 5c) of the frame structure (5) to one another and with flat ones Channel cross-sections are designed, into which the gas passage channels (7) overlying open, while the stiffening webs (15) running in the longitudinal direction of the plate divide the channel-shaped support ribs in the transverse direction of the plate and mutually adjacent support ribs in the sense of an approximately honeycomb-shaped overall structure of the support structure Connect, on which the support plate (6, 6 ') is supported approximately in a grid shape and - preferably by welding points - fastened.

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