EP0811305B1 - Steuerungs- und zündungshilfeanordnung für leuchstofflampen - Google Patents

Steuerungs- und zündungshilfeanordnung für leuchstofflampen Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0811305B1
EP0811305B1 EP96904166A EP96904166A EP0811305B1 EP 0811305 B1 EP0811305 B1 EP 0811305B1 EP 96904166 A EP96904166 A EP 96904166A EP 96904166 A EP96904166 A EP 96904166A EP 0811305 B1 EP0811305 B1 EP 0811305B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
fact
loaded polymer
electrodes
pct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96904166A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0811305A1 (de
Inventor
Alexandre Ferrero
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0811305A1 publication Critical patent/EP0811305A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0811305B1 publication Critical patent/EP0811305B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/16—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies
    • H05B41/20—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies having no starting switch
    • H05B41/23—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies having no starting switch for lamps not having an auxiliary starting electrode
    • H05B41/232—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies having no starting switch for lamps not having an auxiliary starting electrode for low-pressure lamps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lighting device electric comprising a tube containing an ionizable gas.
  • Ignition systems and regulation of discharge tubes gas are generally composed of magnetic coil and core transformers and ballasts with strong magnetic leaks, inductors in series, starters or filaments heated to allow priming the tubes and regulating the intensity.
  • They can also include heating wires and resistors or use high electronic ballasts frequency, voltage multipliers to allow priming.
  • These elements have various disadvantages such as weight and relatively large dimensions of the stabilization circuits ignition, significant heating of the inductive systems, interference and pollution of power lines.
  • French patent application 87 07146 describes a device, continuous voltage doubler, adapted to the ends of the tube and allowing ignition without ballast or choke.
  • French patent application 89 04356 describes a device voltage doubler fitted with a polarity reversing switch of the voltage across the tube so as to avoid asymmetry due to premature aging of the tube.
  • This system although less bulky, still uses a firstly a load resistance and secondly means of starter. No element combining these two functions is used, which would further reduce manufacturing costs and the size of the lamp thus equipped.
  • the present invention relates to a device combining the ignition assistance and regulation functions of the tubes gas, compact and light weight, allowing freer design of lighting fixtures and systems light producers comprising a fluorescent tube and a integrated ignition and regulation system.
  • This ignition device according to the invention is in particular remarkable in that it uses the characteristics of resistivity and adaptability of polymer manufacturing loaded.
  • the present invention provides a device ignition aid and regulation for fluorescent tubes, such that a gas discharge tube supplied via two electrodes by an electrical circuit, each electrode being located at one of ends of the tube, characterized in that the circuit electric has a charged polymer part, this part being positioned close to said tube, and said part in charged polymer acts as ballast for the tube with start-up assistance and operating regulation functions correct of said tube.
  • At least one of the electrodes is coupled with a capacitor and a diode-resistor assembly having the function more easily initiate discharge and regulate gloss of the tube through the charged polymer.
  • the charged polymer is made of polyvinyl chloride and / or nylon with metal and / or carbon black inclusions.
  • the charged polymer is consisting of polymers such as polyacetylene, ionized.
  • the ions used consist of sodium, iodine and / or mercury.
  • the polymer part loaded is a housing serving as support and reflector for the tube.
  • Figure 1 is a general diagram of the device according to the invention.
  • FIGS 2, 3, 4 and 5 show modes of realization of the device according to the invention according to the characteristics of the different tubes to be ignited.
  • the structure of the charged polymer part 4 can be of different natures.
  • the use of the characteristics of resistivity of charged polymers 4 makes it possible to replace this product to ballasts used to regulate the operation of fluorescent tubes, while avoiding the use of the device complex that is the starter.
  • the very mounting of the device according to the invention limits the possibility of disturbance or interference of network lines electric only to the effects inherent in the operation of the discharge and electrodes.
  • the present invention also offers the advantage of a operation of the device regardless of the frequency of network where it is connected. Products manufactured according to the device of the invention can thus be proposed in countries where said frequencies are different.
  • the device does not include a transformer with strong magnetic leaks, the power factor of the assembly constituted by the tube and its ignition circuit is very favorable, unless a capacity is used.
  • the ignition device fluorescent tube 1 produced according to the invention allows significant improvements both in terms of manufacturing and the marketing of lighting sources.
  • AC power has the advantage to reduce the blackening of the ends of the tubes due to the effect electrolysis and improve its lifespan.
  • It also includes a part 4 made of polymer loaded, shaped so that it can be positioned along the tube 1 so as to constitute a casing serving as support and possibly a reflector for the tube.
  • the ends of part 4 are marked at 5 and 6 when powering up the circuit, a potential difference between the ends 6 and 5 of the part 4 is created by the resistance of it.
  • part 4 Made of charged polymer, part 4 which allows the instantaneous priming of the tube, has the characteristics of a resistance, whatever the frequency of the network (low or high frequency).
  • the charge level of the polymer depends on the desired power characteristics and the rise in acceptable temperature of the device.
  • the different shapes and possible cuts of the part 4 optimize the thermal and power characteristics of the device.
  • the end 5 of the part 4 is connected to the electrode 3 of the tube 1.
  • Tube 1 is positioned near part 4, which allows the modification of the resistance of the external wall and changes the distribution of the electric field inside the lamp. These modifications of the electric power lines, due to the part 4 lead to the priming of the tube 1 which becomes driver.
  • the electrical circuit is closed when the electrode 2 of tube 1 is connected to the sector.
  • the position of room 4 near of the tube 1 promotes the increase in gloss thereof.
  • This acceleration of the setting in regime constitutes an element quite interesting, especially in domestic lighting. For some regimes where the cold point temperature of the tube would become higher than 50 ° C, the overall efficiency of the system would be slightly decreased, it should however be noted that the decrease beyond of 50 ° C is much slower than the gain made below of the optimal temperature.
  • the use of an amalgam also allows to calibrate the operation of the lamp on the temperature most favorable to compromise speed of setting regimen / effectiveness.
  • the device is particularly intended for tubes of dimensions such that the electrodes are close enough.
  • the low weight of the device and its reduced size allowing the use in various areas of lighting and decorative, interior and outside.
  • this device being under voltage, when the gas in tube 1 is ionized, the tube then being conductor, the capacitor 7 discharges between the electrodes 3 and 2 of tube 1 by causing priming.
  • the part 4 and the capacitor 7 then maintain the shine of the tube, resistor 8 and diode 9 being practically switched off due to the high impedance of the resistance 8.
  • this same circuit composed of the capacitor 7 resistor 8 and diode 9 can be mounted on each electrode 2 and 3 of tube 1 through parts 10 and 11 constituting a duplication of part 4.
  • This assembly presented in Figure 3 allows a doubling of voltage favoring the priming of the tube.
  • fixtures discharge power multipliers piece 4 retaining its characteristics and role, a function of the relationship between charge proportions of the polymer and the characteristics of length, volume and power of the device.
  • the device according to the invention, shown in Figure 1, where there is neither capacitor, neither resistor, nor diode, allows to use with gas discharge tubes of the dimmers, controlled manually or by means of a clock and possibly by various kinds of sensors, light or sound. Can be obtained, the variability of light intensity of the source lighting.
  • the electrical circuits can more complex structures by offering a plurality of diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4 and capacitors C1 and C2.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Hilfsvorrichtung für das Anzünden und Regulieren von Leuchtstoffröhren wie einer Gasentladungsröhre (1), die von einem Stromkreis über zwei Elektroden (2 und 3) gespeist wird, wobei jede Elektrode (2 oder 3) an einem Ende der Röhre (1) sitzt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    der Stromkreis ein Bauteil aus verstärktem Polymer (4) aufweist und dieses Bauteil (4) in unmittelbarer Nähe dieser Röhre (1) positioniert ist, und
    dieses Bauteil aus verstärktem Polymer (4) als Vorschaltgerät für die Röhre (1) dient und Hilfsfunktionen für das Anzünden und Regulieren des einwandfreien Betriebs der besagten Röhre (1) übernimmt.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    mindestens eine der Elektroden (2 oder 3) an einen Kondensator (7) und eine Einheit aus Diode (9)-Widerstand (8) geschaltet ist, deren Funktion in einer einfacheren Entladungseinleitung und in der Regulierung der Leuchtkraft der Röhre (1) durch das verstärkte Polymer (4) besteht.
  3. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    das verstärkte Polymer (4) aus Polyvinylchlorid und/oder Polyamid mit Metall- und/oder Ruß-Einschlüssen besteht.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    das verstärkte Polymer (4) aus ionisierten Polymeren wie Polyacetylen besteht.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    die verwendeten Ionen aus Natrium, Jod und/oder Quecksilber bestehen.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    das Bauteil aus verstärktem Polymer (4) eine Wanne bildet, die als Träger und Reflektor für die Röhre (1) dient.
EP96904166A 1995-02-23 1996-02-21 Steuerungs- und zündungshilfeanordnung für leuchstofflampen Expired - Lifetime EP0811305B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9502445 1995-02-23
FR9502445A FR2731131A1 (fr) 1995-02-23 1995-02-23 Dispositif d'allumage de tubes fluorescents
PCT/FR1996/000271 WO1996026628A1 (fr) 1995-02-23 1996-02-21 Dispositif d'aide a l'allumage et regulation pour tubes fluorescents

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0811305A1 EP0811305A1 (de) 1997-12-10
EP0811305B1 true EP0811305B1 (de) 1998-12-02

Family

ID=9476670

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96904166A Expired - Lifetime EP0811305B1 (de) 1995-02-23 1996-02-21 Steuerungs- und zündungshilfeanordnung für leuchstofflampen

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5898274A (de)
EP (1) EP0811305B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1176733A (de)
AT (1) ATE174184T1 (de)
AU (1) AU4836196A (de)
DE (1) DE69601079T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0811305T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2127006T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2731131A1 (de)
GR (1) GR3029269T3 (de)
WO (1) WO1996026628A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5834899A (en) * 1996-10-16 1998-11-10 Tapeswitch Corporation Of America Fluorescent apparatus and method employing low-frequency excitation into a conductive-resistive inductive medium
FR2811506B1 (fr) * 2000-07-05 2002-10-11 Alexandre Ferrero Dispositif pour l'amorcage et l'alimentation d'une lampe a decharge gazeuse et appareil d'eclairage l'integrant

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4092562A (en) * 1975-07-28 1978-05-30 General Electric Company Fluorescent lamp unit for multiple installation
US4415837A (en) * 1981-11-05 1983-11-15 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Starting circuit for gaseous discharge lamps
JPH0574587A (ja) * 1991-03-31 1993-03-26 Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp 希ガス放電灯点灯装置
WO1993004478A1 (en) * 1991-08-23 1993-03-04 Novem Energy Savings B.V. Heat sensitive mechanical adjusting apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69601079T2 (de) 1999-06-02
US5898274A (en) 1999-04-27
ATE174184T1 (de) 1998-12-15
AU4836196A (en) 1996-09-11
DK0811305T3 (da) 1999-08-16
CN1176733A (zh) 1998-03-18
GR3029269T3 (en) 1999-05-28
ES2127006T3 (es) 1999-04-01
EP0811305A1 (de) 1997-12-10
FR2731131A1 (fr) 1996-08-30
WO1996026628A1 (fr) 1996-08-29
DE69601079D1 (de) 1999-01-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FR2532509A1 (de)
EP0574540A1 (de) Sonnenenergiebetriebene Kaltkathoden-Leuchtstofflampe und Betriebsmethode.
EP0633710B1 (de) Elektrisches Verschaltgerät für eine Bogenlampe
FR2460586A1 (fr) Alimentation pour lampe a decharge a vapeur
FR2783666A1 (fr) Circuit de clignotant a lampe fluorescente et commande pour un tel circuit
EP0811305B1 (de) Steuerungs- und zündungshilfeanordnung für leuchstofflampen
FR2497051A1 (fr) Dispositif d'eclairage fluorescent a double niveau d'eclairage
FR2472266A1 (fr) Lampe a decharge a interferences electromagnetiques reduites
FR2497052A1 (fr) Dispositif d'eclairage fluorescent a double niveau d'eclairage
FR2779288A1 (fr) Module d'alimentation d'une lampe a decharge, notamment de projecteur de vehicule automobile
FR2615683A1 (fr) Circuit d'allumage a decharge d'un tube a gaz
FR2499810A1 (fr) Systeme d'eclairage et unite d'eclairage electrique compacte
EP0414840A1 (de) Beleuchtungsanordnung mit gasröhren
FR2732539A1 (fr) Convertisseur de tension pour lampe a decharge de projecteur de vehicule automobile, circuit d'alimentation et projecteur le comportant
FR2560730A1 (fr) Dispositif de demarrage et d'alimentation d'un tube a decharge dans un gaz
FR2811506A1 (fr) Dispositif pour l'amorcage et l'alimentation d'une lampe a decharge gazeuse et appareil d'eclairage l'integrant
EP1324478A2 (de) Hochspannungswandler mit schneller Antwortzeit
FR2516737A1 (fr) Circuit monte en serie avec une source lumineuse a decharge
FR2851118A1 (fr) Installation d'alimentation de lampes tres basse tension
BE332056A (de)
FR2495831A1 (fr) Dispositif passif interne d'amorcage pour lampes a decharge
FR2795595A1 (fr) Dispositif d'alimentation pour sources d'eclairage fluorescents et luminescents
WO1988003702A1 (fr) Tube a decharge fluorescent, a ballast capacitif a culot normalise, formant ensemble compact
FR2545311A1 (fr) Circuit de ballast pour des lampes equipees de tubes a decharge dans un gaz a basse tension
FR2503976A1 (fr) Dispositif variateur graduateur electronique et installat ion d'eclairage equipee de ces dispositifs

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19970729

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19980213

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 174184

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19981215

Kind code of ref document: T

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69601079

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19990114

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: FRENCH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: CABINET ROLAND NITHARDT CONSEILS EN PROPRIETE INDU

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19990121

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19990302

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2127006

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: CL

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20010205

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20010205

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20010213

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20010215

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: IE

Payment date: 20010215

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20010219

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20010220

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 20010228

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20010410

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20010427

Year of fee payment: 6

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020221

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020221

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020221

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020222

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020222

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020228

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020228

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020228

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020228

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20020301

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20020808

Year of fee payment: 7

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: FERRERO ALEXANDRE

Effective date: 20020228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020901

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020903

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020909

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 96904166.4

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20020901

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20030221

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20030225

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Payment date: 20030226

Year of fee payment: 8

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20030901

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20041029

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050221