EP0805918A1 - Device for the reduction of pollutant emissions from energy conversion machines burning in particular fossil fuels - Google Patents

Device for the reduction of pollutant emissions from energy conversion machines burning in particular fossil fuels

Info

Publication number
EP0805918A1
EP0805918A1 EP96901739A EP96901739A EP0805918A1 EP 0805918 A1 EP0805918 A1 EP 0805918A1 EP 96901739 A EP96901739 A EP 96901739A EP 96901739 A EP96901739 A EP 96901739A EP 0805918 A1 EP0805918 A1 EP 0805918A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
electromagnet
fuel line
energy conversion
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96901739A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0805918B1 (en
Inventor
Werner BÜHRE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eic-Tech Umwelttechnik Dorl & Mutzke GbR
Original Assignee
Eic-Tech Umwelttechnik Dorl & Mutzke GbR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1995102090 external-priority patent/DE19502090A1/en
Priority claimed from DE1995127262 external-priority patent/DE19527262A1/en
Application filed by Eic-Tech Umwelttechnik Dorl & Mutzke GbR filed Critical Eic-Tech Umwelttechnik Dorl & Mutzke GbR
Publication of EP0805918A1 publication Critical patent/EP0805918A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0805918B1 publication Critical patent/EP0805918B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
    • F02M27/04—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by electric means, ionisation, polarisation or magnetism
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
    • F02M27/04—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by electric means, ionisation, polarisation or magnetism
    • F02M2027/047—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by electric means, ionisation, polarisation or magnetism with a pulsating magnetic field

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for reducing the pollutant emissions of energy conversion machines, in particular those that burn fossil fuels, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the pollutant emission of an energy conversion machine which can be, for example, an internal combustion engine or a power or heat recovery system, is an essential indicator for deciding on the usability of such a machine.
  • a number of measures are already known which contribute to reducing pollutant emissions. These can be subdivided into two fundamentally different types: on the one hand, the measures that start with the exhaust gas treatment, such as the attachment of a regulated catalyst in the exhaust line of an internal combustion engine, and on the other hand, the measures that start with the fuel preparation. Above all, the last-mentioned measures are intended to improve the preparation of the fuel-air mixture.
  • the inductance which can be, for example, an electromagnet in the form of a coil through which current flows, generates a magnetic field which acts on the fuel flowing through the fuel line independently of external influences.
  • energy can be supplied to the molecules of the carbon chains.
  • better combustion is achieved in connection with oxygen.
  • a noticeable reduction in pollutants occurs by increasing the efficiency in the combustion, and at the same time a reduction in fuel is achieved.
  • the surface tension of the fuel can drop and there can be an improvement in the mixture formation with the resultant optimal combustion.
  • the molecules of the fuel which have an unbalanced charge distribution can be aligned in accordance with the magnetic field, so that the charge distribution of the molecules is balanced again.
  • the pollutant emission can be reduced, which leads, for example, to a reduction in CO in internal combustion engines operating according to the Otto principle and to a reduction in soot in internal combustion engines operating according to the diesel principle.
  • fuel savings can be achieved at the same time, since the combustion takes place optimally in the energy conversion machine.
  • the inductance can be provided on the fuel line in very different ways. For example, there is the possibility that a hard PVC pipe system is provided, to which one or more inductors are assigned. The inductors have no mechanical connection with the fuel flowing through in the pipe system.
  • the electromagnet that forms the inductance can also be attached to the fuel line in any manner. For example, there is the possibility that it is arranged laterally on the outside of the fuel line. A particularly optimal solution in terms of its effect and a compact structure result from the fact that the electromagnet is a current-carrying coil which concentrically surrounds the fuel line.
  • the electromagnet is arranged in a housing, preferably made of hard PVC.
  • housing and electromagnet can be designed so that they can be pushed over the fuel line as a compact unit.
  • a flow tube piece is inserted into the electromagnet, which is provided at both ends with a connecting piece inserted into the respective end wall of the housing and connected to the flow tube piece. This forms a compact unit which can then be used in a fuel line of an energy conversion machine.
  • energy conversion machines already in use can also be retrofitted with the device according to the invention.
  • Voltages can be supplied to the electromagnet, and the choice of the voltage level, the voltage curve, etc. can be selectable according to the operating conditions of the device.
  • the electromagnet can preferably be connected via a shielded cable to a control device, by means of which the various parameters of the voltage can be set.
  • the control device can be arranged. For example, there is the possibility that the control device is arranged in the cab of a truck or the like.
  • the electromagnet is connected to a control device, which preferably has an oscillator which supplies the inductance or the electromagnet with an oscillating voltage, the sawtooth pulse thus generated possibly being superimposed on a constant direct current.
  • the oscillating voltage has a sawtooth shape, which can preferably have an amount of 12-24 V ss , in particular 24 V ss .
  • the sawtooth pulse is a Frequency of approx. 500 Hz. Possibly.
  • a downstream power amplifier can be provided, with which this pulse current control is given to the inductance of the pipe system, which is preferably present.
  • a possible mode of operation of the proposed solution can thus be such that the control electronics oscillator generates a sawtooth pulse with a frequency of approximately 500 Hz.
  • This sawtooth pulse is applied to a constant direct current.
  • This pulse current control is given to the inductance of a pipe system containing the fuel line by the power amplifier which may be connected downstream.
  • a directed, electromagnetic field is generated in the pipe system and is pulsed by the sawtooth pulses.
  • This mode of operation ensures that the electromagnetic field is formed in the direction of flow to the fuel flow.
  • the molecules of the carbon chain energy is supplied. Therefore, better combustion can be achieved in connection with oxygen.
  • By increasing the efficiency of combustion there is a noticeable reduction in pollutants, with a simultaneous reduction in fuel.
  • the proposed device can be designed both for the low voltage range of 12-24 V and for a power supply for 220 V / 50 Hz. It is particularly advantageous if the device for reducing soot formation or soot reduction while at the same time saving fuel is used on internal combustion engines for diesel fuels. It is also advantageous if the device for reducing fuel consumption and CO reduction is used in gasoline engines which are operated with gasoline. However, the device according to the invention can also be used in an advantageous manner to reduce the heating oil consumption in oil-fired heating systems and also to reduce the diesel oil consumption when used in combined heat and power plants. In the latter cases, it is advantageous if the device according to the invention is designed for a power supply for 220 V / 50 Hz. When used in connection with internal combustion engines for diesel fuels or for gasoline, which work according to the Otto principle, it is advantageous if the device is designed for a low-voltage range of 1 2-24 V.
  • the above object can also be achieved in that the fuel to be supplied to the energy conversion machine is heated before it is supplied.
  • This heating takes place by means of a heating device which is provided on or in the fuel line.
  • the heating device can in turn have a very different structure.
  • a resistance wire heating device is provided.
  • a particularly simple structure is achieved in that the heating device is formed by a heat exchanger which comprises an inlet and outlet for the fuel to be heated and an inlet and outlet for a heat-emitting medium. It has proven to be particularly advantageous here that the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.
  • a wide variety of solutions can in turn be provided for the heat-emitting medium. Since the energy conversion machine reaches a high temperature even during its operation, and therefore a cooling circuit which dissipates the heat generated can be provided with a cooling medium, preferably water, it is advantageous if the cooling medium of the energy conversion machine is used for the heated, heat-emitting medium. It is therefore particularly advantageous if the heat exchanger is switched on in the cooling circuit of the energy conversion machine.
  • the amount of warming can also be determined according to the circumstances of the individual case. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the fuel is heated to a temperature of approximately 40 ° C.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 a schematic representation of the switching arrangement of a control device and a device according to the invention according to FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 3 another schematic representation of the switching arrangement of a
  • FIG. 4 is an illustration of a structure of a circuit of the control device according to FIG. 2;
  • Fig. 5 a schematic representation of the arrangement of the invention
  • the device 10 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 comprises a flow pipe section 1 2 forming a pipe system, which has a substantially cylindrical cross-section and which does not flow into a fuel line KL shown in FIG. 5 for the supply of, in particular, a flowable fuel, for example diesel Energy conversion machine shown in the form of, for example, an internal combustion engine can be used.
  • a flowable fuel for example diesel Energy conversion machine shown in the form of, for example, an internal combustion engine can be used.
  • the direction of flow of the fuel takes place, based on FIG. 1, from left to right, as shown by the arrow shown in FIG. 1 in the flow pipe section 1 2.
  • An inductance concentrically surrounding the flow tube piece 12, which is formed by an electromagnet 14 in the form of a coil, is pushed onto the flow tube piece 1 2.
  • the windings of the coil 14 run essentially transversely to the longitudinal extent of the flow tube piece 12.
  • the axial length of the coil 14 is less than the axial length of the flow tube piece 12, so that the flow tube piece 12 protrudes from the coil 14 at both ends thereof.
  • the coil 14 is axially fixed in a suitable manner on the flow tube piece 12.
  • the connecting pieces 16 are connected to the flow tube piece 12 at least in a fluid-tight manner by means of annular connection parts 18 which are pushed onto the flow tube piece 12 and are preferably made of PVC, in particular hard PVC.
  • the connecting parts 18 can simultaneously serve to axially fix the coil 14.
  • the flow tube section 12, the coil 14 and the connection parts 18 are surrounded by a housing 20, which is preferably of circular cross-section, preferably made of Teflon.
  • the housing can also be made of rigid PVC.
  • end caps 22 preferably made of PVC, in particular hard PVC, are provided, which seal the housing 20.
  • a connector 16 is passed through the end caps 20 at least in a fluid-tight manner.
  • the coil 16 can be connected to a current source (not shown) by means of connecting lines 24 via a control device 26.
  • the connecting lines (2 x 0.14) 24 can be shielded and also be passed tightly through the housing 20.
  • the control device 26 is connected to the power source which, depending on the area of application of the device 10 according to the invention, can be a battery or a mains power source. Both alternatives are shown on the left edge of the control device 26.
  • the control device 26 supplies the coil 14 with an oscillating voltage which is provided in the control device 26 and which preferably has a sawtooth shape.
  • the sawtooth pulse can have a frequency of 500 Hz and / or a peak-to-peak amount of 24 V ss .
  • the sawtooth pulse generated in this way can be applied to a constant direct current.
  • This pulse current control is applied to the inductance of the tube system formed by the electromagnet by a downstream power amplifier.
  • a directed, electromagnetic field is generated in the pipe system, which is pulsed by the sawtooth pulse. This arrangement ensures that this electromagnetic field is formed in the direction of flow to the fuel flow.
  • the molecules of the carbon chain energy is supplied. Therefore, an improved combustion is achieved in connection with oxygen.
  • a noticeable reduction in pollutants occurs by increasing the efficiency in the combustion, and at the same time a reduction in fuel can be achieved.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the same components with the same function corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 2 being identified by the same reference numerals.
  • the flow pipe section 1 2 is formed by a complete housing made of hard PVC, which accommodates the inductance in the form of the electromagnetic coil 14 between two shoulder-like extensions at the end of the housing 1 2. Possibly.
  • the electromagnetic coil 14 can be surrounded by a further housing 20 which is pushed concentrically to the pipe system 12 over the coil 14.
  • the supply of the fuel to the device and the discharge take place in the same way as explained above in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the control device is also constructed in the same way and connected to the pipe system 12 and the coil 14 with the same function, as has been explained above in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the oscillator generating the oscillating voltage is by the transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, Q5, the external components R1-R9 and the capacitors C1, C2 built up.
  • the sawtooth pulse has a frequency of approximately 500 Hz and a voltage level of approximately 24 V ss .
  • the transistor Q6 is connected as a power amplifier, which is DC-biased and superimposed with this bias on the sawtooth voltage. This arrangement generates a constant magnetic field in the downstream device 10 according to the invention. With the superimposed sawtooth pulses an additional pulsed magnetic field is superimposed on the constant field.
  • the current consumption is 24 V at approx. 400 - 500 mA.
  • the height of the saw tooth is set by means of the component R6, whereas the component R9 determines the height of the prestress.
  • FIG. 5 shows the arrangement of devices according to the invention in the fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel is first fed from a tank (not shown further) along a fuel line KL to a coarse filter 30, which can be provided with a hand backing pump.
  • the fuel can be delivered by a fuel backing pump with a delivery rate Q ma ⁇ of approx. 240 l / h.
  • the fuel is then fed to a first device according to the invention in the form of a plate heat exchanger 40, preferably made of polyamide, in which the fuel can be heated to a maximum of 60 ° C.
  • the cooling water of the internal combustion engine supplied via a shut-off valve 42 serves as the heat-releasing medium.
  • the cooling water is returned to the cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine via a controllable return temperature limiter 44, which can have a working range of approximately 20 ° C. to 60 ° C.
  • the fuel heated by the heat exchanger 40 is then supplied to the second device 10 according to the invention with the electromagnet 14 explained in connection with FIGS. 1-4.
  • the electromagnet 14 generates a magnetic field that is specially adapted to the respective fuel, as a result of which the surface tension of the fuel is reduced and the mixture formation can be improved, resulting in optimal combustion.
  • the molecules of the fuel which have an unbalanced charge distribution can be aligned in accordance with the magnetic field, so that the charge distribution of the molecules is balanced again.
  • the device 10 receives its voltage via the control device 26, which can be put into operation or taken out of operation by means of an ON / OFF switch 26a.
  • the control device 26 can be connected to the ignition system 50 of the internal combustion engine via a 1A fuse 52.
  • the fuel After the fuel has been passed through the device 10 according to the invention, it is fed via a fuel double filter 60 to an injection pump 70.
  • Flow probes 80a, 80b are provided before and after the injection pump 70, which are connected to a preferably digital differential flow meter 90.
  • a printer, not shown, can be connected to the differential flow counter 90.
  • the heated fuel is then fed to the internal combustion engine from the injection pump 70 or from the flow probe 80b arranged downstream of the injection pump 70. It can also be provided that excess fuel is returned to the tank via a bypass.
  • the structure described above in connection with FIG. 5 can also be used as a test arrangement for system optimization.
  • the proposed devices can be used in particular in gasoline and diesel engines for soot reduction or CO reduction with simultaneous fuel savings. It is advantageous here if the devices are designed for the low-voltage range of 12/24 V.
  • the devices according to the invention can also be used in oil-fired heating systems and combined heat and power plants to reduce heating oil or diesel oil consumption. It is advantageous here if the device is designed for a power supply for 220 V / 50 Hz.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

A device for the reduction of pollutant emissions from energy conversion machines burning in particular fossil fuels, with a fuel line (KL) to supply the fuel. In addition, an inductive resistor, preferably an electromagnet (14), is connected to the fuel line (KL), producing a magnetic field in the direction of flow of the fuel.

Description

Vorrichtung zur Verringerung der Schadstoffemission von insbesondere fossile Brennstoffe verbrennenden EnergieumwandlungsmaschinenDevice for reducing the pollutant emissions of energy conversion machines, in particular those that burn fossil fuels
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Verringerung der Schadstoffemission von insbesondere fossile Brennstoffe verbrennenden Energieumwandlungsmaschinen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 .The invention relates to a device for reducing the pollutant emissions of energy conversion machines, in particular those that burn fossil fuels, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Auf Grund des zunehmenden Bewußtseins für die Gefährdung der Umwelt ist die Schadstoffemission einer Energieumwandlungsmaschine, die beispielsweise eine Brennkraftmaschine oder eine Strom- bzw. Wärmegewinnungsanlage sein kann, ein wesentlicher Indikator für die Entscheidung über die Brauchbarkeit einer derartigen Maschine. In der Praxis ist deshalb bereits eine Reihe von Maßnahmen bekannt, die zu einer Verringerung der Schadstoffemission beitragen. Diese lassen sich in zwei grundsätzlich voneinander verschiedene Arten unterteilen: zum einen diejenigen Maßnahmen, die bei der Abgasbehandlung ansetzen, wie beispielsweise die Anbringung eines geregelten Katalysators im Abgasstrang einer Brennkraftma¬ schine, und zum anderen diejenigen Maßnahmen, die bei der Brennstoffvorbereitung ansetzen. Die zuletzt genannten Maßnahmen sollen vor allen Dingen eine bessere Aufbereitung des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches erreichen. Auch hierfür sind in der Praxis bereits Lösungen vorgeschlagen worden, die jedoch alle einen verhältnis¬ mäßig komplizierten Aufbau bzw. einen aufwendigen Regelmechanismus aufweisen. Aus dem deutschen Gebrauchsmuster 84 25 170 ist eine Vorrichtung zur Herabsetzung des Brennstoffverbrauchs von Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt, bei der ein stabf örmiger Permanentmagnet parallel zu der Brennstoff leitung ausgerichtet an der Brennstoffleitung angebracht ist. Hierbei sind Nord- und Südpol des Permanent¬ magneten in Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffs in vorstehend genannter Reihenfol¬ ge aufeinanderfolgend angeordnet. Bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung hat es sich als nachteilig erwiesen, daß durch Erschütterungen oder sonstige äußere Einflüsse der Wirkungsgrad dieser bekannten Vorrichtung herabgesetzt wird.Due to the increasing awareness of the danger to the environment, the pollutant emission of an energy conversion machine, which can be, for example, an internal combustion engine or a power or heat recovery system, is an essential indicator for deciding on the usability of such a machine. In practice, therefore, a number of measures are already known which contribute to reducing pollutant emissions. These can be subdivided into two fundamentally different types: on the one hand, the measures that start with the exhaust gas treatment, such as the attachment of a regulated catalyst in the exhaust line of an internal combustion engine, and on the other hand, the measures that start with the fuel preparation. Above all, the last-mentioned measures are intended to improve the preparation of the fuel-air mixture. Solutions for this have already been proposed in practice, but all of them have a relatively complicated structure or a complex control mechanism. From the German utility model 84 25 170 a device for reducing the fuel consumption of internal combustion engines is known, in which a rod-shaped permanent magnet is aligned parallel to the fuel line attached to the fuel line. Here, the north and south poles of the permanent magnet are arranged one after the other in the flow direction of the fuel in the aforementioned order. In this known device, it has proven to be disadvantageous that the efficiency of this known device is reduced by vibrations or other external influences.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die unabhängig von den Einsatzbedingungen bei einem einfachen Aufbau einen hohen Wirkungsgrad aufweist.It is an object of the present invention to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset which, regardless of the conditions of use, has a high degree of efficiency with a simple structure.
Die vorstehende Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Die Induktivität, die beispielsweise ein Elektromagnet in Form einer stromdurch- flossenen Spule sein kann, erzeugt hierbei ein magnetisches Feld, das unabhängig von äußeren Einflüssen auf den durch die Brennstoffleitung strömenden Brennstoff einwirkt. Durch diese Anordnung kann den Molekülen der Kohlenstoffketten Energie zugeführt werden. Dadurch wird im Zusammenhang mit Sauerstoff eine bessere Verbrennung erreicht. Durch Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades bei der Verbrennung tritt eine merkliche Schadstoffminderung ein, wobei gleichzeitig eine Kraftstoff¬ reduzierung erreicht wird. Darüber hinaus kann die Oberflächenspannung des Brennstoffs sinken und es zu einer Verbesserung der Gemischbildung mit hierdurch bewirkter optimaler Verbrennung kommen. Dabei können die eine unausgewogene Ladungsverteilung aufweisenden Moleküle des Brennstoffs entsprechend dem Magnetfeld ausgerichtet werden, so daß die Ladungsverteilung der Moleküle wieder ausgewogen ist. Hierdurch läßt sich zum einen die Schadstoffemission reduzieren, die beispielsweise bei nach dem Otto-Prinzip arbeitenden Brennkraftmaschinen zu einer CO-Verminderung und bei nach dem Diesel-Prinzip arbeitenden Brenn¬ kraftmaschinen zu einer Rußverringerung führt. Zum anderen kann gleichzeitig eine Brennstoffersparnis erzielt werden, da die Verbrennung in der Energieumwandlungs¬ maschine optimal erfolgt.The above object is achieved by the features of claim 1. The inductance, which can be, for example, an electromagnet in the form of a coil through which current flows, generates a magnetic field which acts on the fuel flowing through the fuel line independently of external influences. With this arrangement, energy can be supplied to the molecules of the carbon chains. As a result, better combustion is achieved in connection with oxygen. A noticeable reduction in pollutants occurs by increasing the efficiency in the combustion, and at the same time a reduction in fuel is achieved. In addition, the surface tension of the fuel can drop and there can be an improvement in the mixture formation with the resultant optimal combustion. The molecules of the fuel which have an unbalanced charge distribution can be aligned in accordance with the magnetic field, so that the charge distribution of the molecules is balanced again. In this way, on the one hand, the pollutant emission can be reduced, which leads, for example, to a reduction in CO in internal combustion engines operating according to the Otto principle and to a reduction in soot in internal combustion engines operating according to the diesel principle. On the other hand, fuel savings can be achieved at the same time, since the combustion takes place optimally in the energy conversion machine.
Die Induktivität kann auf ganz unterschiedliche Weise an der Brennstoffleitung vorgesehen werden. So besteht beispielsweise die Möglichkeit, daß ein Hart-PVC- Rohrsystem vorgesehen ist, dem eine oder mehrere Induktivitäten zugeordnet sind. Dabei haben die Induktivitäten keine mechanische Verbindung mit dem durch¬ fließenden Kraftstoff im Rohrsystem. Der die Induktivität bildende Elektromagnet kann ebenfalls auf beliebige Art und Weise an der Brennstoffleitung angebracht werden. So besteht beispielsweise die Möglichkeit, daß er seitlich an der Außenseite der Brennstoff leitung angeordnet wird. Eine in ihrer Wirkung besonders optimale Lösung sowie ein kompakter Aufbau ergibt sich dadurch, daß der Elektromagnet eine stromdurchflossene Spule ist, die die Brennstoffleitung konzentrisch umgibt.The inductance can be provided on the fuel line in very different ways. For example, there is the possibility that a hard PVC pipe system is provided, to which one or more inductors are assigned. The inductors have no mechanical connection with the fuel flowing through in the pipe system. The electromagnet that forms the inductance can also be attached to the fuel line in any manner. For example, there is the possibility that it is arranged laterally on the outside of the fuel line. A particularly optimal solution in terms of its effect and a compact structure result from the fact that the electromagnet is a current-carrying coil which concentrically surrounds the fuel line.
Damit die Spule vor äußeren Einflüssen, wie beispielsweise korrosiven Medien, mechanischen Beschädigungen usw. geschützt wird, kann weiterhin vorgesehen sein, daß der Elektromagnet in einem Gehäuse, vorzugsweise aus Hart-PVC angeordnet wird. Hierbei können Gehäuse und Elektromagnet so ausgebildet sein, daß sie über die Brennstoff leitung als kompakte Einheit geschoben werden können. Es besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, daß in den Elektromagneten ein Durch¬ flußrohrstück eingeschoben wird, welches an beiden Enden jeweils mit einem in die jeweilige Stirnwand des Gehäuses eingesetzten und mit dem Durchflußrohrstück verbundenen Anschlußstutzen versehen ist. Hierdurch wird eine kompakte Einheit gebildet, die dann in eine Brennstoffleitung einer Energieumwandlungsmaschine eingesetzt werden kann. Somit können nicht nur neue Energieumwandlungs¬ maschinen mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung versehen werden, sondern es lassen sich auch bereits im Einsatz befindliche Energieumwandlungsmaschinen mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung nachrüsten.So that the coil is protected from external influences, such as corrosive media, mechanical damage, etc., it can further be provided that the electromagnet is arranged in a housing, preferably made of hard PVC. Here, housing and electromagnet can be designed so that they can be pushed over the fuel line as a compact unit. However, there is also the possibility that a flow tube piece is inserted into the electromagnet, which is provided at both ends with a connecting piece inserted into the respective end wall of the housing and connected to the flow tube piece. This forms a compact unit which can then be used in a fuel line of an energy conversion machine. Thus, not only can new energy conversion machines be provided with the device according to the invention, but energy conversion machines already in use can also be retrofitted with the device according to the invention.
Dem Elektromagneten können Spannungen zugeführt werden, wobei die Wahl der Spannungshδhe, des Spannungsverlaufs usw. nach den Einsatzbedingungen der Vorrichtung wählbar sein können. Um dies zu erreichen, kann der Elektromagnet vorzugsweise über ein abgeschirmtes Kabel mit einer Steuereinrichtung verbunden sein, mitteis der die verschiedenen Parameter der Spannung einstellbar sind. Je nach Einsatzverwendung kann dabei die Steuereinrichtung angeordnet werden. So besteht beispielsweise die Möglichkeit, daß die Steuereinrichtung in dem Fahrerhaus eines Lastkraftwagens oder dgl. angeordnet ist.Voltages can be supplied to the electromagnet, and the choice of the voltage level, the voltage curve, etc. can be selectable according to the operating conditions of the device. To achieve this, the electromagnet can preferably be connected via a shielded cable to a control device, by means of which the various parameters of the voltage can be set. Depending on the application, the control device can be arranged. For example, there is the possibility that the control device is arranged in the cab of a truck or the like.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Elektromagnet mit einer Steuereinrichtung verbunden ist, die vorzugsweise einen Oszillator aufweist, der der Induktivität bzw. dem Elektromagneten eine oszillierende Spannung zuführt, wobei ggf. der so erzeugte Sägezahnimpuls einen konstanten Gleichstrom überlagerbar ist. Es ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die oszillierende Spannung eine Sägezahnform besitzt, die vorzugsweise einen Betrag von 12-24 Vss, insbesondere von 24 Vss aufweisen kann. Weiterhin hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn der Sägezahnimpuls eine Frequenz von ca. 500 Hz besitzt. Ggf. kann ein nachgeschalteter Leistungsver¬ stärker vorgesehen sein, mit dem diese Impuls-Stromsteuerung auf die Induktivität des vorzugsweise vorhandenen Rohrsystems gegeben wird.It is particularly advantageous if the electromagnet is connected to a control device, which preferably has an oscillator which supplies the inductance or the electromagnet with an oscillating voltage, the sawtooth pulse thus generated possibly being superimposed on a constant direct current. It is particularly advantageous if the oscillating voltage has a sawtooth shape, which can preferably have an amount of 12-24 V ss , in particular 24 V ss . Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the sawtooth pulse is a Frequency of approx. 500 Hz. Possibly. A downstream power amplifier can be provided, with which this pulse current control is given to the inductance of the pipe system, which is preferably present.
Eine mögliche Betriebsweise der vorgeschlagenen Lösung kann also so aussehen, daß der Oszillator der Steuerelektronik einen Sägezahnimpuls mit einer Frequenz von ca. 500 Hz erzeugt. Dieser Sägezahnimpuls wird auf einen konstanten Gleichstrom gelegt. Durch den ggf. nachgeschalteten Leistungsverstärker wird diese Impuls-Stromsteuerung auf die Induktivität eines die Brennstoffleitung enthaltenden Rohrsystems gegeben. In dem Rohrsystem wird ein gerichtetes, elektromagneti¬ sches Feld erzeugt, welches durch die Sägezahnimpulse gepulst wird. Durch diese Betriebsweise wird erreicht, daß sich das elektromagnetische Feld in Flußrichtung zum Brennstofffluß ausbildet. Hierdurch wird den Molekülen der Kohlenstoff ketten Energie zugeführt. Daher kann im Zusammenhang mit Sauerstoff eine bessere Verbrennung erreicht werden. Durch Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades bei der Verbrennung tritt eine merkliche Schadstoff minderung ein, mit einer gleichzeitigen Kraftstoff reduzierung.A possible mode of operation of the proposed solution can thus be such that the control electronics oscillator generates a sawtooth pulse with a frequency of approximately 500 Hz. This sawtooth pulse is applied to a constant direct current. This pulse current control is given to the inductance of a pipe system containing the fuel line by the power amplifier which may be connected downstream. A directed, electromagnetic field is generated in the pipe system and is pulsed by the sawtooth pulses. This mode of operation ensures that the electromagnetic field is formed in the direction of flow to the fuel flow. As a result, the molecules of the carbon chain energy is supplied. Therefore, better combustion can be achieved in connection with oxygen. By increasing the efficiency of combustion, there is a noticeable reduction in pollutants, with a simultaneous reduction in fuel.
Grundsätzlich besteht die Möglichkeit, daß die vorgeschlagene Vorrichtung sowohl für den Niederspannungsbereich von 12-24 V als auch für eine Stromversorgung für 220 V/50 Hz ausgelegt sein kann. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Vorrichtung zur Herabsetzung der Rußbildung bzw. der Rußminderung bei gleichzeitiger Kraftstoffeinsparung an Verbrennungsmaschinen für Dieselkraftstoffe eingesetzt wird. Ebenso ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Vorrichtung zur Herabsetzung des Brennstoffverbrauches und der CO-Minderung bei Ottomotoren eingesetzt wird, welche mit Benzin betrieben werden. Ebenso kann aber die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in vorteilhafter Weise zur Herabsetzung des Heizölverbrauches in ölbefeuerten Heizanlagen wie auch zur Herabsetzung des Dieselölverbrauchs bei Anwendung in Blockheizkraftwerken eingesetzt werden. In den zuletzt genannten Fällen ist es von Vorteil, wenn die erfindungsgemäß Vorrichtung für eine Stromver¬ sorgung für 220 V/50 Hz ausgelegt ist. Bei einem Einsatzim Zusammenhang mit Verbrennungsmaschinen für Dieselbrennstoffe bzw. für Benzin, die nach dem Otto- Prinzip arbeiten, ist es von vorteil, wenn das Gerät für ein Niederspannungsbereich von 1 2-24 V ausgelegt ist.Basically, there is the possibility that the proposed device can be designed both for the low voltage range of 12-24 V and for a power supply for 220 V / 50 Hz. It is particularly advantageous if the device for reducing soot formation or soot reduction while at the same time saving fuel is used on internal combustion engines for diesel fuels. It is also advantageous if the device for reducing fuel consumption and CO reduction is used in gasoline engines which are operated with gasoline. However, the device according to the invention can also be used in an advantageous manner to reduce the heating oil consumption in oil-fired heating systems and also to reduce the diesel oil consumption when used in combined heat and power plants. In the latter cases, it is advantageous if the device according to the invention is designed for a power supply for 220 V / 50 Hz. When used in connection with internal combustion engines for diesel fuels or for gasoline, which work according to the Otto principle, it is advantageous if the device is designed for a low-voltage range of 1 2-24 V.
Die obige Aufgabe kann aber auch dadurch gelöst werden, daß der der Energie¬ umwandlungsmaschine zuzuführende Brennstoff vor der Zuführung erwärmt wird. Diese Erwärmung erfolgt durch eine Heizeinrichtung, die an oder in der Brennstoff¬ leitung vorgesehen ist. Die Heizeinrichtung kann wiederum einen ganz unterschiedlichen Aufbau besitzen. So besteht beispielsweise die Möglichkeit, daß eine Widerstandsdraht-Heiz¬ einrichtung vorgesehen ist. Ein besonders einfacher Aufbau wird dadurch erzielt, daß die Heizeinrichtung durch einen Wärmetauscher gebildet ist, der einen Zu- und Ablauf für den zu erwärmenden Brennstoff sowie einen Zu- und Ablauf für ein wärmeabgebendes Medium umfaßt. Es hat sich hierbei als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, daß der Wärmetauscher ein Plattenwärmetauscher ist.However, the above object can also be achieved in that the fuel to be supplied to the energy conversion machine is heated before it is supplied. This heating takes place by means of a heating device which is provided on or in the fuel line. The heating device can in turn have a very different structure. For example, there is the possibility that a resistance wire heating device is provided. A particularly simple structure is achieved in that the heating device is formed by a heat exchanger which comprises an inlet and outlet for the fuel to be heated and an inlet and outlet for a heat-emitting medium. It has proven to be particularly advantageous here that the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.
Für das wärmeabgebende Medium können hierbei wiederum die unterschiedlichsten Lösungen vorgesehen werden. Da die Energieumwandlungsmaschine selbst während ihres Betriebes eine hohe Temperatur erreicht und deshalb ein die entstandene Wärme abführender Kühlkreisiauf mit einem Kühlmedium, vorzugs¬ weise Wasser vorgesehen sein kann, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn für das erhitzte, wärmeabgebende Medium das Kühlmedium der Energieumwandlungsmaschine Verwendung findet. Es ist deshalb besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der Wärmetauscher in den Kühlkreislauf der Energieumwandlungsmaschine eingeschaltet ist.A wide variety of solutions can in turn be provided for the heat-emitting medium. Since the energy conversion machine reaches a high temperature even during its operation, and therefore a cooling circuit which dissipates the heat generated can be provided with a cooling medium, preferably water, it is advantageous if the cooling medium of the energy conversion machine is used for the heated, heat-emitting medium. It is therefore particularly advantageous if the heat exchanger is switched on in the cooling circuit of the energy conversion machine.
Die Höhe der Erwärmung kann hierbei ebenfalls entsprechend den Gegebenheiten des Einzelfalls bestimmt werden. Als besonders vorteilhaft hat es sich erwiesen, wenn der Brennstoff auf eine Temperatur von ca. 40° C erwärmt wird.The amount of warming can also be determined according to the circumstances of the individual case. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the fuel is heated to a temperature of approximately 40 ° C.
Es ist noch zu bemerken, daß die vorstehend genannten, erfindungsgemäßen Lösungen sowohl getrennt voneinander als auch in Kombination eingesetzt werden können.It should also be noted that the above-mentioned solutions according to the invention can be used both separately from one another and in combination.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sowie Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigt:Further advantageous embodiments and exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows:
Fig. 1 : einen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung;1 shows a longitudinal section through a device according to the invention;
Fig. 2: eine schematische Darstellung der Schaltanordnung einer Steuer¬ einrichtung und einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gemäß Fig.1 ;2: a schematic representation of the switching arrangement of a control device and a device according to the invention according to FIG. 1;
Fig. 3: eine weitere schematische Darstellung der Schaltanordnung einerFig. 3: another schematic representation of the switching arrangement of a
Steuereinrichtung und einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfin¬ dungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 ;Control device and a further embodiment of the inventive device according to FIG. 1;
Fig. 4: eine Darstellung eines Aufbaus einer Schaltung der Steuereinrichtung gemäß Fig. 2; undFIG. 4 is an illustration of a structure of a circuit of the control device according to FIG. 2; and
Fig. 5: eine schematische Darstellung der Anordnung erfindungsgemäßerFig. 5: a schematic representation of the arrangement of the invention
Vorrichtungen im Kraftstoffweg einer Brennkraftmaschine.Devices in the fuel path of an internal combustion engine.
SATZBLÄTT REGEL 26 Die in Fig. 1 gezeigte erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 10 umfaßt ein ein Rohrsystem bildendes Durchflußrohrstück 1 2, das einen im wesentlichen zylindrischen Querschnitt aufweist und das in eine in Fig. 5 gezeigte Kraftstoffleitung KL für die Zuführung insbesondere eines fließfähigen Brennstoffs, zum Beispiel Diesel zu einer nicht weiter dargestellten Energieumwandlungsmaschine in Form beispielsweise einer Brennkraftmaschine einsetzbar ist. Die Fließrichtung des Brennstoffes erfolgt, bezogen auf die Fig. 1 , von links nach rechts, wie dies durch den in Fig. 1 im Durchflußrohrstück 1 2 gezeigten Pfeil wiedergegeben ist. Auf das Durchflußrohr¬ stück 1 2 ist eine das Durchflußrohrstück 12 konzentrisch umgebende Induktivität, die durch einen Elektromagnet 14 in Form einer Spule gebildet ist, aufgeschoben. Die Wicklungen der Spule 14 verlaufen im wesentlichen quer zur Längserstreckung des Durchflußrohrstücks 12. Die axiale Länge der Spule 14 ist kleiner als die axiale Länge des Durchflußrohrstücks 12, so daß das Durchflußrohrstück 12 an beiden Enden der Spule 14 über diese übersteht. Die Spule 14 ist auf dem Durchflußrohr¬ stück 12 in geeigneter Weise axial festgelegt.SET BLADE RULE 26 The device 10 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 comprises a flow pipe section 1 2 forming a pipe system, which has a substantially cylindrical cross-section and which does not flow into a fuel line KL shown in FIG. 5 for the supply of, in particular, a flowable fuel, for example diesel Energy conversion machine shown in the form of, for example, an internal combustion engine can be used. The direction of flow of the fuel takes place, based on FIG. 1, from left to right, as shown by the arrow shown in FIG. 1 in the flow pipe section 1 2. An inductance concentrically surrounding the flow tube piece 12, which is formed by an electromagnet 14 in the form of a coil, is pushed onto the flow tube piece 1 2. The windings of the coil 14 run essentially transversely to the longitudinal extent of the flow tube piece 12. The axial length of the coil 14 is less than the axial length of the flow tube piece 12, so that the flow tube piece 12 protrudes from the coil 14 at both ends thereof. The coil 14 is axially fixed in a suitable manner on the flow tube piece 12.
An beiden stirnseitigen Enden des Durchfiußrohrstücks 12 sind vorzugsweise aus Messing gefertigte Anschlußstutzen 16 vorgesehen, die mit entsprechenden Befestigungsmitteln 16a in Form von am Umfang der Anschlußstutzen 16 vorgesehenen Sägezähnen zum Aufschieben und Fixieren von Anschlußleitungen der Kraftstoffleitung KL ggf. unter Verwendung von Rohrschellen oder dgl. versehen sind. Die Anschlußstutzen 16 sind mit dem Durchflußrohrstück 12 über ringförmige, auf das Durchflußrohrstück 12 aufgeschobene und vorzugsweise aus PVC, insbesondere Hart-PVC gefertigte Anschlußteile 18 zumindest fluiddicht miteinander verbunden. Die Anschlußteile 18 können dabei gleichzeitig zur axialen Fixierung der Spule 14 dienen.At both ends of the Durchfiußrohrstücks 12 are preferably made of brass connecting piece 16, which are provided with corresponding fasteners 16a in the form of saw teeth provided on the circumference of the connecting piece 16 for pushing on and fixing connecting lines of the fuel line KL, optionally using pipe clamps or the like are. The connecting pieces 16 are connected to the flow tube piece 12 at least in a fluid-tight manner by means of annular connection parts 18 which are pushed onto the flow tube piece 12 and are preferably made of PVC, in particular hard PVC. The connecting parts 18 can simultaneously serve to axially fix the coil 14.
Das Durchflußrohrstück 12, die Spule 14 und die Anschlußteile 18 sind von einem einen im wesentlichen kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisenden Gehäuse 20 aus vorzugsweise Teflon umgeben. Ebenso kann das Gehäuse aus Hart-PVC hergestellt sein. An den stirnseitigen Enden des Gehäuses 20 sind das Gehäuse 20 um¬ greifende Abschlußkappen 22, vorzugsweise aus PVC, insbesondere Hart-PVC vorgesehen, die das Gehäuse 20 abdichten. Durch die Abschlußkappen 20 ist jeweils ein Anschlußstutzen 16 zumindest fluiddicht hindurchgeführt.The flow tube section 12, the coil 14 and the connection parts 18 are surrounded by a housing 20, which is preferably of circular cross-section, preferably made of Teflon. The housing can also be made of rigid PVC. At the front ends of the housing 20, the housing 20 encompassing end caps 22, preferably made of PVC, in particular hard PVC, are provided, which seal the housing 20. A connector 16 is passed through the end caps 20 at least in a fluid-tight manner.
Wie aus Fig. 2 hervorgeht, kann die Spule 16 mittels Anschlußleitungen 24 über eine Steuereinrichtung 26 mit einer nicht weiter dargestellten Stromquelle verbunden sein. Hierbei können die Anschlußleitungen (2 x 0,14) 24 abgeschirmt und ebenfalls dicht durch das Gehäuse 20 hindurchgeführt sein. Die Steuer¬ einrichtung 26 ist mit der Stromquelle verbunden, die je nach Einsatzgebiet der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 10 eine Batterie oder aber eine Netzstromquelle sein kann. Beide Alternativen sind am linken Rand der Steuereinrichtung 26 dargestellt.As can be seen from FIG. 2, the coil 16 can be connected to a current source (not shown) by means of connecting lines 24 via a control device 26. Here, the connecting lines (2 x 0.14) 24 can be shielded and also be passed tightly through the housing 20. The control device 26 is connected to the power source which, depending on the area of application of the device 10 according to the invention, can be a battery or a mains power source. Both alternatives are shown on the left edge of the control device 26.
Die Steuereinrichtung 26 führt der Spule 14 mittels eines in der Steuereinrichtung 26 vorgesehenen Oszillators eine oszillierende Spannung zu, die vorzugsweise eine Sägezahnform aufweist. Hierbei kann der Sägezahnimpuls eine Frequenz von 500 Hz aufweisen und/oder einen Spitze-zu-Spitze-Betrag von 24 Vss. Der so erzeugte Sägezahnimpuls kann auf einen konstanten Gleichstrom gelegt werden. Durch einen nachgeschalteten Leistungsverstärker wird diese Impuls-Stromsteuerung auf die durch den Elektromagneten gebildete Induktivität des Rohrsγstems gegeben. In dem Rohrsystem wird ein gerichtetes, elektromagnetisches Feld erzeugt, welches durch die Sägezahnimpuise gepulst wird. Durch diese Anordnung wird erreicht, daß sich dieses elektromagnetische Feld in Flußrichtung zum Brennstofffluß ausbildet. Hierdurch wird den Molekülen der Kohlenstoff ketten Energie zugeführt. Daher wird im Zusammenhang mit Sauerstoff eine verbesserte Verbrennung erreicht. Durch Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades bei der Verbrennung tritt eine merkliche Schadstoff¬ minderung ein, wobei gleichzeitig eine Kraftstoffreduzierung erzielbar ist.The control device 26 supplies the coil 14 with an oscillating voltage which is provided in the control device 26 and which preferably has a sawtooth shape. The sawtooth pulse can have a frequency of 500 Hz and / or a peak-to-peak amount of 24 V ss . The sawtooth pulse generated in this way can be applied to a constant direct current. This pulse current control is applied to the inductance of the tube system formed by the electromagnet by a downstream power amplifier. A directed, electromagnetic field is generated in the pipe system, which is pulsed by the sawtooth pulse. This arrangement ensures that this electromagnetic field is formed in the direction of flow to the fuel flow. As a result, the molecules of the carbon chain energy is supplied. Therefore, an improved combustion is achieved in connection with oxygen. A noticeable reduction in pollutants occurs by increasing the efficiency in the combustion, and at the same time a reduction in fuel can be achieved.
In Fig. 3 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gezeigt, wobei gleiche Bauteile mit gleicher Funktion entsprechend den Fig. 1 und 2 mit gleichen Bezugszeichen gekennzeichnet sind. Im Unterschied zu der Aus¬ führungsform der Fig. 2 ist das Durchflußrohrstück 1 2 durch ein Komplettgehäuse aus Hart-PVC gebildet, das zwischen zwei absatzartigen Erweiterungen am Ende des Gehäuses 1 2 die Induktivität in Form der Elektromagnetspule 14 aufnimmt. Ggf. kann die Elektromagnetspule 14, wie dies in Fig. 3 angedeutet ist, von einem weiteren, konzentrisch zu dem Rohrsystem 12 über die Spule 14 geschobenen Gehäuse 20 umgeben sein. Die Zuführung des Kraftstoffes zu der Vorrichtung und die Abführung erfolgt ebenso wie vorstehend im Zusammenhang mit den Fig. 1 und 2 erläutert. Ebenfalls ist die Steuereinrichtung in gleicher Weise aufgebaut und in gleicher Wirkungsfunktion mit dem Rohrsystem 12 und der Spule 14 verbunden, wie dies vorstehend im Zusammenhang mit den Fig. 1 und 2 erläutert worden ist.3 shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the same components with the same function corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 2 being identified by the same reference numerals. In contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 2, the flow pipe section 1 2 is formed by a complete housing made of hard PVC, which accommodates the inductance in the form of the electromagnetic coil 14 between two shoulder-like extensions at the end of the housing 1 2. Possibly. For example, as indicated in FIG. 3, the electromagnetic coil 14 can be surrounded by a further housing 20 which is pushed concentrically to the pipe system 12 over the coil 14. The supply of the fuel to the device and the discharge take place in the same way as explained above in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2. The control device is also constructed in the same way and connected to the pipe system 12 and the coil 14 with the same function, as has been explained above in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2.
Die Fig. 4 zeigt einen möglichen Aufbau einer Schaltung für die Steuereinrichtung 26. Der die oszillierende Spannung erzeugende Oszillator ist durch die Transistoren Q1 , Q2, Q3, Q5, die externen Bauteile R1 - R9 sowie die Kondensatoren C1 , C2 aufgebaut. Der Sägezahnimpuls hat eine Frequenz von ca. 500 Hz und eine Span¬ nungshöhe von ca. 24 Vss. Der Transistor Q6 ist als Leistungsverstärker geschaltet, der gleichspannungsmäßig vorgespannt ist, und mit dieser Vorspannung der Sägezahnspannung überlagert. Durch diese Anordnung wird in der nachgeschalte¬ ten, erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 10 ein konstantes magnetisches Feld erzeugt. Mit den überlagerten Sägezahnimpulsen wird ein zusätzliches gepulst-gerichtetes- magnetisches Feld dem konstanten Feld überlagert. Die Stromaufnahme beträgt hierbei 24 V bei ca. 400 - 500 mA. Mittels des Bauteils R6 wird die Höhe des Sägezahns eingestellt, wogegen das Bauteil R9 die Höhe der Vorspannung bestimmt.4 shows a possible construction of a circuit for the control device 26. The oscillator generating the oscillating voltage is by the transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, Q5, the external components R1-R9 and the capacitors C1, C2 built up. The sawtooth pulse has a frequency of approximately 500 Hz and a voltage level of approximately 24 V ss . The transistor Q6 is connected as a power amplifier, which is DC-biased and superimposed with this bias on the sawtooth voltage. This arrangement generates a constant magnetic field in the downstream device 10 according to the invention. With the superimposed sawtooth pulses an additional pulsed magnetic field is superimposed on the constant field. The current consumption is 24 V at approx. 400 - 500 mA. The height of the saw tooth is set by means of the component R6, whereas the component R9 determines the height of the prestress.
In der Fig. 5 ist die Anordnung von erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen in dem Kraftstoffversorgungssystem einer Brennkraftmaschine gezeigt. Wie aus Fig. 5 hervorgeht, wird der Kraftstoff aus einem nicht weiter dargestellten Tank entlang einer Kraftstoffleitung KL zunächst einem Grobfilter 30 zugeführt, der mit einer Hand-Vorpumpe versehen sein kann. Der Kraftstoff kann hierbei von einer Kraftstoff-Vorpumpe mit einer Förderleistung Qmaχ von ca. 240 l/h gefördert werden.5 shows the arrangement of devices according to the invention in the fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the fuel is first fed from a tank (not shown further) along a fuel line KL to a coarse filter 30, which can be provided with a hand backing pump. The fuel can be delivered by a fuel backing pump with a delivery rate Q maχ of approx. 240 l / h.
Anschließend wird der Kraftstoff einer ersten erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in Form eines vorzugsweise aus Polyamid hergestellten Plattenwärmetauschers 40 zugeführt, in dem der Kraftstoff auf maximal 60°C erwärmt werden kann. Als wärmeabgebendes Medium dient hierbei das über ein Absperrventil 42 zugeführte Kühlwasser der Brennkraftmaschine. Nach Durchfluß durch den Wärmetauscher 40 wird das Kühlwasser über einen steuerbaren Rücklauftemperaturbegrenzer 44, der einen Arbeitsbereich von ca. 20° C bis 60° C aufweisen kann, wieder dem Kühlkreislauf der Brennkraftmaschine zugeführt.The fuel is then fed to a first device according to the invention in the form of a plate heat exchanger 40, preferably made of polyamide, in which the fuel can be heated to a maximum of 60 ° C. The cooling water of the internal combustion engine supplied via a shut-off valve 42 serves as the heat-releasing medium. After flowing through the heat exchanger 40, the cooling water is returned to the cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine via a controllable return temperature limiter 44, which can have a working range of approximately 20 ° C. to 60 ° C.
Der durch den Wärmetauscher 40 erwärmte Kraftstoff wird daraufhin der in Zusammenhang mit den Fig. 1 - 4 erläuterten, zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 10 mit dem Elektromagnet 14 zugeführt. Der Elektromagnet 14 erzeugt dabei ein speziell dem jeweiligen Brennstoff angepaßtes Magnetfeld, wodurch die Oberflächenspannung des Brennstoffs sinken und es zu einer Verbesserung der Gemischbildung mit hierdurch bewirkter optimaler Verbrennung kommen kann. Dabei können die eine unausgewogene Ladungsverteilung aufweisenden Moleküle des Brennstoffs entsprechend dem Magnetfeld ausgerichtet werden, so daß die Ladungsverteilung der Moleküle wieder ausgewogen ist. Die Vorrichtung 10 erhält ihre Spannung über die Steuereinrichtung 26, die mittels eines EIN/AUS-Schalters 26a in Betrieb bzw. außer Betrieb gesetzt werden kann. Die Steuereinrichtung 26 kann mit der Zündanlage 50 der Brennkraftmaschine über eine 1 A-Sicherung 52 in Verbindung stehen.The fuel heated by the heat exchanger 40 is then supplied to the second device 10 according to the invention with the electromagnet 14 explained in connection with FIGS. 1-4. The electromagnet 14 generates a magnetic field that is specially adapted to the respective fuel, as a result of which the surface tension of the fuel is reduced and the mixture formation can be improved, resulting in optimal combustion. The molecules of the fuel which have an unbalanced charge distribution can be aligned in accordance with the magnetic field, so that the charge distribution of the molecules is balanced again. The device 10 receives its voltage via the control device 26, which can be put into operation or taken out of operation by means of an ON / OFF switch 26a. The control device 26 can be connected to the ignition system 50 of the internal combustion engine via a 1A fuse 52.
Nachdem der Kraftstoff durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 10 hindurch¬ geführt worden ist, wird er über einen Kraftstoff doppeif ilter 60 einer Einspritzpumpe 70 zugeführt. Vor und nach der Einspritzpumpe 70 sind Durchflußsonden 80a, 80b vorgesehen, die mit einem vorzugsweise digitalen Differenz-Durchflußzähler 90 verbunden sind. An den Differenz-Durchflußzähler 90 kann ein nicht weiter dargestellter Drucker angeschlossen sein. Von der Einspritzpumpe 70 bzw. von der stromabwärts der Einspritzpumpe 70 angeordneten Durchflußsonde 80b wird der erwärmte Kraftstoff anschließend der Brennkraftmaschine zugeführt. Hierbei kann auch vorgesehen sein, daß überflüssiger Kraftstoff über einen Bypass zurück zu dem Tank geführt wird.After the fuel has been passed through the device 10 according to the invention, it is fed via a fuel double filter 60 to an injection pump 70. Flow probes 80a, 80b are provided before and after the injection pump 70, which are connected to a preferably digital differential flow meter 90. A printer, not shown, can be connected to the differential flow counter 90. The heated fuel is then fed to the internal combustion engine from the injection pump 70 or from the flow probe 80b arranged downstream of the injection pump 70. It can also be provided that excess fuel is returned to the tank via a bypass.
Die im Zusammenhang mit der Fig. 5 vorstehend beschriebene Aufbau kann auch als Versuchsanordnung zur Systemoptimierung verwendet werden.The structure described above in connection with FIG. 5 can also be used as a test arrangement for system optimization.
Es ist noch zu bemerken, daß sich die vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtungen insbesondere bei Otto- und Diesel-Brennkraftmaschinen zur Rußminderung bzw. CO-Minderung bei gleichzeitiger Kraftstoffeinsparung einsetzen lassen. Hierbei ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Vorrichtungen für den Niederspannungsbereich von 12/24 V ausgelegt sind. Ebenso lassen sich die erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen bei ölbefeuerten Heizanlagen sowie Blockheizkraftwerken zur Verringerung des Heizöl- bzw. Dieselölverbrauchs einsetzen. Hierbei ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Vorrichtung für eine Stromversorgung für 220 V/50 Hz ausgelegt sind. It should also be noted that the proposed devices can be used in particular in gasoline and diesel engines for soot reduction or CO reduction with simultaneous fuel savings. It is advantageous here if the devices are designed for the low-voltage range of 12/24 V. The devices according to the invention can also be used in oil-fired heating systems and combined heat and power plants to reduce heating oil or diesel oil consumption. It is advantageous here if the device is designed for a power supply for 220 V / 50 Hz.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1 . Vorrichtung zur Verringerung der Schadstoffemission von insbesondere fossile Brennstoffe verbrennenden Energieumwandlungsmaschinen mit einer Brennstoffleitung (KL) zum Zuführen des Brennstoffs, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Brennstoffleitung (KL) eine Induktivität, vorzugsweise ein Elektromagnet (14) vorgesehen ist, der ein in Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffs gerichtetes magnetisches Feld erzeugt.1 . Device for reducing the emission of pollutants from energy conversion machines, in particular those burning fossil fuels, with a fuel line (KL) for supplying the fuel, characterized in that an inductance, preferably an electromagnet (14), is provided on the fuel line (KL), which is arranged in the direction of flow of the fuel directional magnetic field generated.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Elektromagnet eine stromdurchflossene Spule (14) ist, die die Brennstoffleitung (KL) konzentrisch umgibt.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnet is a current-carrying coil (14) which surrounds the fuel line (KL) concentrically.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Elektromagnet (14) in einem Gehäuse (20), vorzugsweise aus Hart-PVC angeordnet ist.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electromagnet (14) is arranged in a housing (20), preferably made of rigid PVC.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse (20) Anschlußstutzen (16) aufweist, mittels denen das Gehäuse (20) in die Brennstoffleitung (KL) einsetzbar ist.4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the housing (20) has connecting pieces (16) by means of which the housing (20) in the fuel line (KL) can be used.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Elektromagnet (14) vorzugsweise über ein abgeschirmtes Kabel mit einer Steuereinrichtung (26) verbunden ist, mittels der verschiedene Parameter für den Elektromagneten (14) einstellbar sind.5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the electromagnet (14) is preferably connected via a shielded cable to a control device (26) by means of which various parameters for the electromagnet (14) can be set.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuereinrichtung (26) einen Oszillator aufweist, mittels dem dem Elektromagneten (14) eine oszillierende Spannung zuführbar ist, wobei ggf. der so erzeugte Sägezahnimpuls einem konstanten Gleichstrom überlagerbar ist.6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the control device (26) has an oscillator by means of which the electromagnet (14) can be supplied with an oscillating voltage, wherein the sawtooth pulse thus generated may be superimposed on a constant direct current.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die oszillierende Spannung eine Sägezahnform mit vorzugsweise einem Betrag von 12-24 Vss, insbesondere von 24 Vss aufweist.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the oscillating voltage has a sawtooth shape with preferably an amount of 12-24 V ss , in particular of 24 V ss .
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die oszillierende Spannung eine Frequenz von ca. 500 Hz besitzt. 8. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the oscillating voltage has a frequency of approximately 500 Hz.
9. Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Brennstoff leitung (KL) eine Heizeinrichtung (40) zum Erwärmen des Brennstoffs vorgesehen ist.9. The device according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that in the fuel line (KL) a heating device (40) is provided for heating the fuel.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizeinrichtung ein Wärmetauscher (40), vorzugsweise ein Plattenwärmetauscher ist, der einen Zu- und Ablauf für den zu erwärmenden Brennstoff sowie einen Zu- und Ablauf für ein wärmeabgebendes Medium umfaßt, und der ggf. in einen Kühlkreislauf der Brennkraftmaschine zum Zuführen des wärmeabgebenden Mediums einsetzbar ist. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the heating device is a heat exchanger (40), preferably a plate heat exchanger, which comprises an inlet and outlet for the fuel to be heated and an inlet and outlet for a heat-emitting medium, and if necessary can be used in a cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine for supplying the heat-emitting medium.
EP96901739A 1995-01-24 1996-01-19 Device for the reduction of pollutant emissions from energy conversion machines burning in particular fossil fuels Expired - Lifetime EP0805918B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19502090 1995-01-24
DE1995102090 DE19502090A1 (en) 1995-01-24 1995-01-24 Harmful emissions and fuel consumption reduction device e.g. for petrol and diesel IC engines with oil-fired heating system
DE19527262 1995-07-26
DE1995127262 DE19527262A1 (en) 1995-07-26 1995-07-26 Device for reducing harmful emissions from energy conversion machines esp. those burning fossil fuels - has inductance pref. controlled electromagnet applied to fuel delivery line to generate magnetic field in fuel flow direction
PCT/EP1996/000219 WO1996023138A1 (en) 1995-01-24 1996-01-19 Device for the reduction of pollutant emissions from energy conversion machines burning in particular fossil fuels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0805918A1 true EP0805918A1 (en) 1997-11-12
EP0805918B1 EP0805918B1 (en) 1999-09-08

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EP96901739A Expired - Lifetime EP0805918B1 (en) 1995-01-24 1996-01-19 Device for the reduction of pollutant emissions from energy conversion machines burning in particular fossil fuels

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AT (1) ATE184368T1 (en)
DE (1) DE59603000D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1996023138A1 (en)

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DE19732834A1 (en) * 1997-07-30 1999-02-04 Reika Elektronik Karin Walch Device for the treatment of liquid or gaseous fuels
ITFI20000178A1 (en) * 2000-08-07 2002-02-07 Ivana Ferrara ECONOMIZER FOR COMBUSTION DEVICES.
DE10106532A1 (en) * 2001-02-13 2002-08-29 Matthias Herberich Device for treating hydrocarbon fuels, used for combustion engines or firing plants, comprises tubular magnets with one pole in direction of tubular axis on inner tube and outer tube concentric to inner tube
ITTV20020017A1 (en) * 2002-02-19 2003-08-19 Danilo Tonin DEVICE FOR THE REDUCTION OF FUEL CONSUMPTION ON PLANTS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HEAT AND ENERGY, AND CONSEQUENTIAL REDUCTION OF THE
JP2005519742A (en) * 2002-03-13 2005-07-07 スリニバサン，ゴパラクリスナン Process and synthesis equipment for molecular engineering and synthesis of materials
AU2003268426A1 (en) 2002-09-10 2004-04-30 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Plasma treatment within dielectric fluids
FR2926606A1 (en) * 2008-01-21 2009-07-24 Hypnow Alternative vaporized fuel pre-treating device for e.g. oil engine of motor vehicle, has excitation unit for exciting electromagnetic fields for acting on fuel in section of supply tube, where section is housed in exhaust pipe
CN101799156A (en) * 2010-03-05 2010-08-11 铁岭市光明仪器仪表厂 Method for saving energy of fuel and high-frequency magnetized fuel energy-saver
CN101799163B (en) * 2010-03-05 2012-11-07 辽宁毕托巴科技有限公司 Method for saving energy of gas and high-frequency magnetized gas energy-saver
EP3308010A1 (en) * 2015-06-10 2018-04-18 Marchini, Paolo Adjustable modular device for pre - treating fossil fuels

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EP0805918B1 (en) 1999-09-08
WO1996023138A1 (en) 1996-08-01
ATE184368T1 (en) 1999-09-15
DE59603000D1 (en) 1999-10-14

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