EP0803881B1 - Limiteur de courant à polymère à haute tension - Google Patents
Limiteur de courant à polymère à haute tension Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0803881B1 EP0803881B1 EP97400880A EP97400880A EP0803881B1 EP 0803881 B1 EP0803881 B1 EP 0803881B1 EP 97400880 A EP97400880 A EP 97400880A EP 97400880 A EP97400880 A EP 97400880A EP 0803881 B1 EP0803881 B1 EP 0803881B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- elements
- matrix
- conductors
- limiter according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- CYJRNFFLTBEQSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-(3-methyl-1-benzothiophen-5-yl)-N-(4-methylsulfonylpyridin-3-yl)quinoxalin-6-amine Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=C(C=NC=C1)NC=1C=C2N=CC=NC2=C(C=1)C=1C=CC2=C(C(=CS2)C)C=1 CYJRNFFLTBEQSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/13—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material current responsive
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a current limiter high voltage polymer.
- the polymer elements small and mostly thin, have legs welded on each of their faces and of which the end is welded to a collector.
- This device which requires a large number of soldering or electrical connections, is not very economical and not robust enough.
- each element has a capacity relatively high clean. This results in an ability important per floor, from which it results a possibility of unbalance the voltage distribution between the stages.
- An object of the present invention is to design a polymer current limiter with a robust structure, requiring only a very small number of soldering or electrical connections, and having a global capacity low.
- the subject of the invention is a current limiter with high-voltage polymer comprising, per phase, a pole fast circuit breaker, a protective circuit breaker pole semi-rapid and a set of polymer-based elements of very low resistivity loaded with carbon black mounted in series and parallel, characterized in that the elements have a carbon-loaded polymer matrix having an elongated shape and having inside two parallel metallic conductors.
- the matrix has an oblong section.
- the matrix is surrounded by a sheath in insulating material.
- the material of the sheath is a fluoropolymer.
- the two conductors of an element lead to the same end out of the matrix and a group of elements in series consists of an assembly of elements arranged side by side and in contact two by two by the short side of their lateral surface, and connected by connections arranged on the same side of the assembly.
- the two conductors of an element lead out of the matrix respectively at opposite ends and that a group of elements in series consists of an assembly elements arranged side by side and in contact two by two by the large side of their lateral surface and connected by connections arranged alternately on both sides of the assembly.
- the electrical resistivity of the carbon black charged polymer is about 1 ⁇ xcm.
- the length of an element is around 1000 mm.
- the distance between the conductors parallels of an element is of the order of 10 mm.
- reference 1 designates an element to polymer used in the production of the the invention.
- This element includes two conductors parallel, 2 and 3, preferably tinned copper, under braid or rod form. These conductors are coated in a matrix 4 of polymer (polyethylene) loaded with black of carbon; the matrix is protected by an insulating sheath 5, for example in fluoropolymer, ensuring good hold mechanical and dielectric; the matrix is closed to both ends by insulating plugs 6 and 7.
- the conductors have, inside the matrix, a length L and are separated by a distance e. At one end of the element, conductors 2 and 3 pass through the plug end (plug 7 in Fig. 1).
- the electrical resistivity of the black charged polymer of carbon is approximately 1 ⁇ xcm for a compound comprising 50% by weight of polymer and 50% by weight of carbon black.
- the matrix has a preferably oblong section, this which reduces the size of the device.
- Fig. 2 shows a limiter pole according to the invention, inserted on a phase 1 of the line to be protected.
- the limiter pole includes a circuit breaker pole fast D arranged in series in line l and, in parallel on the terminals of this circuit breaker, an assembly comprising series a semi-fast circuit breaker d and a plurality of polymer elements of the type described above, connected in series, and referenced P1 to P4.
- the elements are arranged side by side, and in contact two by two by the short side of their insulating surface.
- the elements P1 to P4 are connected in series by metallic connections C1 to C3 which are located all on the same side. In the two conductors of the same element, the currents flow in opposite directions.
- All elements P1 to P4 are assembled rigidly by insulating strips B1, B2.
- the set is preferably placed in an insulating enclosure not shown, filled with a dielectric gas such as nitrogen at atmospheric pressure, and provided with bushings of current.
- a limiter for a nominal voltage line at 24 kV will include 20 groups of elements in parallel, each group being formed of twenty polymer elements in series.
- circuit breaker D opens very quickly. The current goes out in circuit breaker D and derives in the set of elements P1 to P4.
- the current causes very rapid heating (one to two milliseconds for example) of the polymer elements whose ohmic resistance, beyond a certain threshold of temperature, for example 110 ° C, increases by a factor that can reach 100. This sudden increase in resistance of the group of polymer elements makes it possible to limit the fault current.
- the residual current is cut by the circuit breaker d which opens for example 20 ms after the appearance of the fault.
- Fig. 3 shows how the implementation is carried out parallel of two groups G1 and G2 of 4 elements P1 to P4 and Q1 to Q4.
- Fig.4 illustrates an alternative embodiment in which the currents in the two conductors of each polymer element have the same meaning.
- the two conductors of an element lead respectively out of the matrix at opposite ends.
- Fig. 4 shows a assembly of 4 elements P'1, P'2, P'3, P'4 arranged side by side and in contact two by two by the long side of their lateral surface.
- the connections C'1, C'2, C'3 are not on the same side but alternated.
- References B'1 and B'2 designate insulating assembly strips.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Cable Accessories (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
Description
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un élément en polymère utilisé dans le limiteur de l'invention,
- la figure 2 est une vue schématique d'un limiteur selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
- la figure 3 montre la mise en parallèles de deux groupes d'éléments de polymère,
- la figure 4 représente un autre agencement d'un groupe de polymère utilisé dans un limiteur selon l'invention.
- la distance e entre les deux conducteurs 2 et 3 est de 10 mm,
- le diamètre des conducteurs est de 2 mm,
- la longueur L du conducteur à l'intérieur de la matrice est de 1000 mm,
- l'épaisseur maximale de l'élément est de 5 mm, la résistance électrique d'un élément de polymère est de 50 mΩ.
- lorsque la ligne fonctionne normalement, les disjoncteurs D et d sont fermés. La totalité du courant nominal traverse le disjoncteur D en raison de la grande valeur de la résistance de l'ensemble des éléments de polymère vis-à-vis de la valeur de la résistance de contact entre les contacts du disjoncteur.
Claims (9)
- Limiteur de courant à polymère à haute tension comportant par phase un pôle de disjoncteur rapide (D), un pôle de disjoncteur de protection semi-rapide (d) et un ensemble d'éléments à base de polymère de très faible résistivité chargé de noir de carbone montés en série et en parallèle, caractérisé en ce que les éléments comportent une matrice (4) en polymère chargé de carbone ayant une forme allongée et comportant à son intérieur deux conducteurs métalliques parallèles (2, 3).
- Limiteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la matrice (4) a une section oblongue.
- Limiteur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la matrice (4) est entourée d'une gaine (5) en matériau isolant.
- Limiteur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de la gaine (5) est un polymère fluoré.
- Limiteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux conducteurs (2, 3) d'un élément débouchent à une même extrémité hors de la matrice (4) et qu'un groupe d'éléments en série est constitué par un assemblage d'éléments (P1, P2, P3, P4) disposés côte-à-côte et en contact deux à deux par le petit côté de leur surface latérale, et connectés par des connexions (C1, C2, C3) disposées d'un même côté de l'assemblage.
- Limiteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux conducteurs (2, 3) d'un élément débouchent hors de la matrice (4) respectivement à des extrémités opposées et qu'un groupe d'éléments en série est constitué par un assemblage d'éléments (P'1, P'2, P'3, P'4) disposés côte-à-côte et en contact deux à deux par le grand côté de leur surface latérale et connectés par des connexions (C'1, C'2, C'3) disposées alternativement de part et d'autre de l'assemblage.
- Limiteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la résistivité électrique du polymère chargé de noir de carbone est d'environ 1 Ωxcm.
- Limiteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la longueur (L) d'un élément est de l'ordre de 1000 mm.
- Limiteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la distance (e) entre les conducteurs parallèles (2, 3) d'un élément est de l'ordre de 10 mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9605304 | 1996-04-26 | ||
FR9605304A FR2748166B1 (fr) | 1996-04-26 | 1996-04-26 | Limiteur de courant a polymere a haute tension |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0803881A1 EP0803881A1 (fr) | 1997-10-29 |
EP0803881B1 true EP0803881B1 (fr) | 1999-08-25 |
Family
ID=9491631
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97400880A Expired - Lifetime EP0803881B1 (fr) | 1996-04-26 | 1997-04-21 | Limiteur de courant à polymère à haute tension |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5977862A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0803881B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE183849T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69700445T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2135970T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2748166B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005008313A1 (de) * | 2005-02-17 | 2006-08-24 | Siemens Ag | Schaltwiderstand für ein elektrisches Schaltgerät |
Family Cites Families (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US649388A (en) * | 1899-06-08 | 1900-05-08 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Lightning-arrester. |
US2769071A (en) * | 1953-04-10 | 1956-10-30 | Frank L Ward | Bridge balancing devices |
US2988722A (en) * | 1960-08-16 | 1961-06-13 | Allen Bradley Co | High voltage resistor |
US3213402A (en) * | 1961-03-28 | 1965-10-19 | Tassara Luigi | Encapsulated high precision resistor |
US3249810A (en) * | 1962-11-20 | 1966-05-03 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Circuit interrupting apparatus |
US3340382A (en) * | 1965-05-03 | 1967-09-05 | Arc O Vec Inc | Multi-cell electrical heater |
US3543002A (en) * | 1968-02-20 | 1970-11-24 | Milletron Inc | Quartz heater pack |
CH559447A5 (fr) * | 1973-05-21 | 1975-02-28 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
US4876440A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1989-10-24 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices comprising conductive polymer compositions |
US4475138A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1984-10-02 | Raychem Corporation | Circuit protection devices comprising PTC element |
US4352083A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1982-09-28 | Raychem Corporation | Circuit protection devices |
US4400614A (en) * | 1980-05-19 | 1983-08-23 | Raychem Corporation | PTC Devices and their preparation |
FR2506067A1 (fr) * | 1981-05-15 | 1982-11-19 | Alsthom Atlantique | Disjoncteur a haute tension |
US4560524A (en) * | 1983-04-15 | 1985-12-24 | Smuckler Jack H | Method of manufacturing a positive temperature coefficient resistive heating element |
US4859836A (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1989-08-22 | Raychem Corporation | Melt-shapeable fluoropolymer compositions |
US4780598A (en) * | 1984-07-10 | 1988-10-25 | Raychem Corporation | Composite circuit protection devices |
US4884163A (en) * | 1985-03-14 | 1989-11-28 | Raychem Corporation | Conductive polymer devices |
FI861646A (fi) * | 1985-04-19 | 1986-10-20 | Raychem Gmbh | Vaermningsanordning. |
US4967176A (en) * | 1988-07-15 | 1990-10-30 | Raychem Corporation | Assemblies of PTC circuit protection devices |
US5247277A (en) * | 1990-02-14 | 1993-09-21 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices |
JPH0448701A (ja) * | 1990-06-15 | 1992-02-18 | Daito Tsushinki Kk | 自己復帰形過電流保護素子 |
US5379022A (en) * | 1993-05-03 | 1995-01-03 | Fluke Corporation | Thermistor device with extended operating range |
US5737160A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1998-04-07 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical switches comprising arrangement of mechanical switches and PCT device |
-
1996
- 1996-04-26 FR FR9605304A patent/FR2748166B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-04-21 DE DE69700445T patent/DE69700445T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-21 AT AT97400880T patent/ATE183849T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-04-21 ES ES97400880T patent/ES2135970T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-21 EP EP97400880A patent/EP0803881B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-25 US US08/840,621 patent/US5977862A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2135970T3 (es) | 1999-11-01 |
US5977862A (en) | 1999-11-02 |
FR2748166B1 (fr) | 1998-06-05 |
EP0803881A1 (fr) | 1997-10-29 |
DE69700445D1 (de) | 1999-09-30 |
ATE183849T1 (de) | 1999-09-15 |
DE69700445T2 (de) | 2000-02-24 |
FR2748166A1 (fr) | 1997-10-31 |
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