EP0803881A1 - Hochspannungsstrombegrenzer auf Polymerbasis - Google Patents

Hochspannungsstrombegrenzer auf Polymerbasis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0803881A1
EP0803881A1 EP97400880A EP97400880A EP0803881A1 EP 0803881 A1 EP0803881 A1 EP 0803881A1 EP 97400880 A EP97400880 A EP 97400880A EP 97400880 A EP97400880 A EP 97400880A EP 0803881 A1 EP0803881 A1 EP 0803881A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
matrix
limiter according
polymer
conductors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97400880A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0803881B1 (de
Inventor
Van Doan Pham
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grid Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
GEC Alsthom T&D SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GEC Alsthom T&D SA filed Critical GEC Alsthom T&D SA
Publication of EP0803881A1 publication Critical patent/EP0803881A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0803881B1 publication Critical patent/EP0803881B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/13—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material current responsive

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high voltage polymer current limiter.
  • a polymer current limiter comprising at least one stack of several stages of elements of linear resistance and of elements with variable resistance of polymer, characterized in that each stage is constituted by a linear resistance in the form of a disc around which the polymer elements in the form of a pellet are connected in parallel, the transverse axes of the said pellet being perpendicular to the axis of the stack.
  • the polymer elements small in size and especially thin, have metal tabs welded on each of their faces and the end of which is welded to a collector.
  • This device which requires a large number of welds or electrical connections, is not very economical and is not sufficiently robust.
  • each element has a relatively high own capacity. This results in a large capacity per stage, which results in a possibility of unbalancing the voltage distribution between the stages.
  • An object of the present invention is to design a polymer current limiter having a robust structure, requiring only a very small number of soldering or electrical connections, and having a low overall capacity.
  • the subject of the invention is a high voltage polymer current limiter comprising, per phase, a fast circuit breaker pole, a semi-fast protection circuit breaker pole and a set of elements based on polymer of very low resistivity loaded with black. of carbon mounted in series and in parallel, characterized in that the elements comprise a matrix of polymer charged with carbon having an elongated shape and having inside it two parallel metallic conductors.
  • the matrix has an oblong section.
  • the matrix is surrounded by a sheath of insulating material.
  • the sheath material is a fluoropolymer.
  • the two conductors of an element open out at the same end out of the matrix and a group of elements in series is constituted by an assembly of elements arranged side by side and in contact two by two by the short side of their lateral surface, and connected by connections arranged on the same side of the assembly.
  • the two conductors of an element open out of the matrix respectively at opposite ends and that a group of elements in series is constituted by an assembly of elements arranged side by side. side by side and in pairs contact by the long side of their lateral surface and connected by connections arranged alternately on either side of the assembly.
  • the electrical resistivity of the polymer charged with carbon black is approximately 1 ⁇ xcm.
  • the length of an element is of the order of 1000 mm.
  • the distance between the parallel conductors of an element is of the order of 10 mm.
  • reference 1 designates a polymer element used in the production of the limiter of the invention.
  • This element comprises two parallel conductors, 2 and 3, preferably made of tinned copper, in the form of a braid or rod.
  • These conductors are coated in a matrix 4 of polymer (polyethylene) loaded with carbon black; the matrix is protected by an insulating sheath 5, for example of fluoropolymer, ensuring good mechanical and dielectric strength; the matrix is closed at its two ends by insulating plugs 6 and 7.
  • the conductors have, inside the matrix, a length L and are separated by a distance e. At one end of the element, the conductors 2 and 3 pass through the end plug (the plug 7 in Fig.1).
  • the electrical resistivity of the polymer loaded with carbon black is approximately 1 ⁇ xcm for a compound comprising 50% by weight of polymer and 50% by weight of carbon black.
  • the matrix has a preferably oblong section, which makes it possible to reduce the size of the device.
  • Fig.2 shows a limiter pole according to the invention, inserted on a phase 1 of the line to be protected.
  • the limiter pole comprises a fast circuit breaker pole D arranged in series in line l and, in parallel on the terminals of this circuit breaker, an assembly comprising in series a semi-fast circuit breaker d and a plurality of polymer elements of the type described above, connected in series, and referenced P1 to P4.
  • the elements are arranged side by side, and in pairs contact by the short side of their insulating surface.
  • the elements P1 to P4 are connected in series by metallic connections C1 to C3 which are all on the same side. In the two conductors of the same element, the currents flow in opposite directions.
  • All the elements P1 to P4 are rigidly assembled by insulating strips B1, B2.
  • the assembly is preferably placed in an insulating enclosure, not shown, filled with a dielectric gas such as nitrogen at atmospheric pressure, and provided with current bushings.
  • a limiter for a nominal voltage line at 24 kV will include 20 groups of elements in parallel, each group being made up of twenty polymer elements in series.
  • circuit breaker D opens very quickly. The current goes out in the circuit breaker D and drifts in all the elements P1 to P4.
  • the current causes very rapid heating (one to two milliseconds for example) of the polymer elements whose ohmic resistance, beyond a certain temperature threshold, for example 110 ° C., increases by a factor of up to 100. This sudden increase in resistance of the group of polymer elements makes it possible to limit the fault current.
  • the residual current is cut by the circuit breaker d which opens for example 20 ms after the appearance of the fault.
  • Fig. 3 shows how we carry out the paralleling of two groups G1 and G2 of 4 elements P1 to P4 and Q1 to Q4.
  • Fig.4 illustrates an alternative embodiment in which the currents in the two conductors of each polymer element are in the same direction. For this, the two conductors of an element open respectively out of the matrix at opposite ends.
  • Fig.4 shows an assembly of 4 elements P'1, P'2, P'3, P'4 arranged side by side and in contact two by two by the long side of their lateral surface.
  • the connections C'1, C'2, C'3 are not on the same side but alternate.
  • the references B'1 and B'2 designate insulating assembly strips.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Cable Accessories (AREA)
EP97400880A 1996-04-26 1997-04-21 Hochspannungsstrombegrenzer auf Polymerbasis Expired - Lifetime EP0803881B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9605304 1996-04-26
FR9605304A FR2748166B1 (fr) 1996-04-26 1996-04-26 Limiteur de courant a polymere a haute tension

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0803881A1 true EP0803881A1 (de) 1997-10-29
EP0803881B1 EP0803881B1 (de) 1999-08-25

Family

ID=9491631

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97400880A Expired - Lifetime EP0803881B1 (de) 1996-04-26 1997-04-21 Hochspannungsstrombegrenzer auf Polymerbasis

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5977862A (de)
EP (1) EP0803881B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE183849T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69700445T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2135970T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2748166B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005008313A1 (de) * 2005-02-17 2006-08-24 Siemens Ag Schaltwiderstand für ein elektrisches Schaltgerät

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4352083A (en) * 1980-04-21 1982-09-28 Raychem Corporation Circuit protection devices
FR2506067A1 (fr) * 1981-05-15 1982-11-19 Alsthom Atlantique Disjoncteur a haute tension
US4400614A (en) * 1980-05-19 1983-08-23 Raychem Corporation PTC Devices and their preparation
US4560524A (en) * 1983-04-15 1985-12-24 Smuckler Jack H Method of manufacturing a positive temperature coefficient resistive heating element
EP0461864A1 (de) * 1990-06-15 1991-12-18 Daito Communication Apparatus Co. Ltd. Überstrom-Schutzelement mit selbsttätiger Rückstellung

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US649388A (en) * 1899-06-08 1900-05-08 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Lightning-arrester.
US2769071A (en) * 1953-04-10 1956-10-30 Frank L Ward Bridge balancing devices
US2988722A (en) * 1960-08-16 1961-06-13 Allen Bradley Co High voltage resistor
US3213402A (en) * 1961-03-28 1965-10-19 Tassara Luigi Encapsulated high precision resistor
US3249810A (en) * 1962-11-20 1966-05-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupting apparatus
US3340382A (en) * 1965-05-03 1967-09-05 Arc O Vec Inc Multi-cell electrical heater
US3543002A (en) * 1968-02-20 1970-11-24 Milletron Inc Quartz heater pack
CH559447A5 (de) * 1973-05-21 1975-02-28 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
US4876440A (en) * 1976-12-13 1989-10-24 Raychem Corporation Electrical devices comprising conductive polymer compositions
US4475138A (en) * 1980-04-21 1984-10-02 Raychem Corporation Circuit protection devices comprising PTC element
US4859836A (en) * 1983-10-07 1989-08-22 Raychem Corporation Melt-shapeable fluoropolymer compositions
US4780598A (en) * 1984-07-10 1988-10-25 Raychem Corporation Composite circuit protection devices
US4884163A (en) * 1985-03-14 1989-11-28 Raychem Corporation Conductive polymer devices
FI861646L (fi) * 1985-04-19 1986-10-20 Raychem Gmbh Vaermningsanordning.
US4967176A (en) * 1988-07-15 1990-10-30 Raychem Corporation Assemblies of PTC circuit protection devices
US5247277A (en) * 1990-02-14 1993-09-21 Raychem Corporation Electrical devices
US5379022A (en) * 1993-05-03 1995-01-03 Fluke Corporation Thermistor device with extended operating range
US5737160A (en) * 1995-09-14 1998-04-07 Raychem Corporation Electrical switches comprising arrangement of mechanical switches and PCT device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4352083A (en) * 1980-04-21 1982-09-28 Raychem Corporation Circuit protection devices
US4400614A (en) * 1980-05-19 1983-08-23 Raychem Corporation PTC Devices and their preparation
FR2506067A1 (fr) * 1981-05-15 1982-11-19 Alsthom Atlantique Disjoncteur a haute tension
US4560524A (en) * 1983-04-15 1985-12-24 Smuckler Jack H Method of manufacturing a positive temperature coefficient resistive heating element
EP0461864A1 (de) * 1990-06-15 1991-12-18 Daito Communication Apparatus Co. Ltd. Überstrom-Schutzelement mit selbsttätiger Rückstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2748166A1 (fr) 1997-10-31
ES2135970T3 (es) 1999-11-01
ATE183849T1 (de) 1999-09-15
EP0803881B1 (de) 1999-08-25
FR2748166B1 (fr) 1998-06-05
DE69700445T2 (de) 2000-02-24
US5977862A (en) 1999-11-02
DE69700445D1 (de) 1999-09-30

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