EP0797486B1 - Grid, in particular flat grid (grating) - Google Patents
Grid, in particular flat grid (grating) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0797486B1 EP0797486B1 EP95940146A EP95940146A EP0797486B1 EP 0797486 B1 EP0797486 B1 EP 0797486B1 EP 95940146 A EP95940146 A EP 95940146A EP 95940146 A EP95940146 A EP 95940146A EP 0797486 B1 EP0797486 B1 EP 0797486B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lattice
- grid
- webs
- joints
- plane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F27/00—Making wire network, i.e. wire nets
- B21F27/005—Wire network per se
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
- B21D31/04—Expanding other than provided for in groups B21D1/00 - B21D28/00, e.g. for making expanded metal
Definitions
- the invention relates to a grid, in particular a flat one Grid (grid mat), made of metal (like expanded metal) paper, Cardboard or plastic, with lattice knots, one of which is jet-shaped Lattice webs run to neighboring lattice nodes (see e.g. US-A-2 125 583).
- a grid in particular a flat one Grid (grid mat), made of metal (like expanded metal) paper, Cardboard or plastic, with lattice knots, one of which is jet-shaped Lattice webs run to neighboring lattice nodes (see e.g. US-A-2 125 583).
- Expanded metal with meshes is known, which e.g. are diamond-shaped or square-shaped. Based on these Geometry is inevitably longitudinal expansion and transverse contraction coupled. This known property results in a relative one low formability of expanded metal on spatially strong curved surfaces. This restriction is due to denominations or folding or cutting and material doubling overcome with difficulty.
- the invention has for its object to provide a grid the most diverse geometrical, in particular also curved structures is adaptable. This is said to be advantageous creating grids due to its geometry an essential have improved formability to any room shape and are suitable for a very wide range of needs, e.g. Shaping of vehicle body parts, stucco and vault reinforcements, Seat shells, sculpture and architecture objects, Packaging, inlays in highly formable sealing sheets Etc..
- the first step was a solution found, in which the webs or bars of the grid between the Intersection or nodes in the x, y direction, i.e. in the Lattice plane bent out in a wave, meander or zigzag shape or buckled, so that with relatively little from the outside applied molding forces the distance between the nodes can be enlarged or reduced even further.
- this shape is already significantly increased Formability.
- one according to the invention Obtain grids in a particularly simple manner by - offset from row of stitches to row of stitches - two grid knots each through a separating cut across and preferably cut perpendicular to the conventional "stretch cut".
- the presented designs of the grid according to the invention are preferably made from homogeneous sheet or strip semi-finished products punched or assembled or glued and shaped and they do not quite point analogously to the known expanded metal precisely defined flow, bending joints or nodes.
- these grids have a high plastic formability and low elastic springback.
- the grid shown in Fig. 1 corresponds to an expanded metal grid. Which are in the grid plane, x, y plane, radiating there are grid bars 2 extending between grid nodes 1 zigzag bent, so that with relatively small of the distance between the nodes can be enlarged or reduced.
- This Shaping already achieves significantly improved formability the grid of spatial forms of all kinds.
- the grid shown in Fig. 2 is a common expanded metal grid, in which only staggered from course to course two grid nodes 1a through a separating cut 1c are cut perpendicular to the actual "stretch cut" 1d.
- a grid is easy to manufacture and on the other hand, thanks to its excellent malleability out.
- FIGS. 3 (a) and (b) A corresponding grid is shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and (b), where here the webs are not made of sheet metal as in FIG. 2, but are formed from metal wires.
- Fig. 3 (a) zigzag or wavy wires 5, 6 in parallel alignment lined up so that between give them bellies 7 and points of contact 8.
- the wires 5, 6 are in turn offset from course to course brackets every third point of contact, welded, soldered etc. while the in between Points of contact are loose.
- 3 (b) is from basically the same structure, only the wires here 5 'cut the wires 6' at an angle ⁇ , whereby instead of points of contact 8 now crossing points 8 ' surrender.
- the bracketing is the same as for the Embodiment according to Fig. 3 (a).
- the angle ⁇ is preferably ⁇ 90 °, optimally 30 ° ⁇ ⁇ 60 °, from which a particularly good stretching and upsetting behavior also results.
- a Corrugated cardboard with an intermediate layer according to a grid according to figures has an absolutely identical, defined one Willingness to kink in both directions. This in both directions The same readiness to buckle does not only result in the area of Cardboard manufacturing benefits, but more in the area Reuse of corrugated cardboard by the "on-site one-off production" made-to-measure packaging from well-preserved used material is significantly simplified.
- the grids according to FIGS. 4 to 7 either one-sided or two-sided, either before or after molding or partially glued over a large area.
- the so constructed Plates and bowls are in contrast to the widespread Hexagonal honeycomb sandwich components (honey comb sandwiches), due to its design, it is "closed-pore", so it cannot be ventilated are excellent “ventilability”.
- the grids according to Figures 4 to 7 thus also allow a special light and stiff, as well as particularly flat, also molded, So spatially curved construction of built-in tanks and storage containers. Are such containers with grid type according to FIG. 7 stiffened, so they have to function excellently as baffles Folding triangles 4, however, have openings, otherwise "closed pores” result.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Carpets (AREA)
- Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Gitter, insbesondere ein flächiges Gitter (Gittermatte), aus Metall (wie Streckmetall) Papier, Pappe oder Kunststoff, mit Gitterknoten, von denen strahlförmig Gitterstege zu benachbarten Gitterknoten laufen (siehe z.B. US-A-2 125 583).The invention relates to a grid, in particular a flat one Grid (grid mat), made of metal (like expanded metal) paper, Cardboard or plastic, with lattice knots, one of which is jet-shaped Lattice webs run to neighboring lattice nodes (see e.g. US-A-2 125 583).
Bekannt ist Streckmetall mit Maschen, die im Lieferzustand z.B. rautenförmig oder quadratisch geformt sind. Auf Grund dieser Geometrie sind Längsdehnung und Querkontraktion zwangsläufig gekoppelt. Aus dieser bekannten Eigenschaft resultiert eine relativ geringe Anformbarkeit von Streckmetall an räumlich stark gekrümmte Flächen. Diese Einschränkung wird durch Stückelung bzw. Einfalten oder Einschneiden und Material-Doppelung eher mühsam überwunden.Expanded metal with meshes is known, which e.g. are diamond-shaped or square-shaped. Based on these Geometry is inevitably longitudinal expansion and transverse contraction coupled. This known property results in a relative one low formability of expanded metal on spatially strong curved surfaces. This restriction is due to denominations or folding or cutting and material doubling overcome with difficulty.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Gitter zu schaffen, das unterschiedlichsten geometrischen, insbesondere auch gekrümmten Strukturen anpaßbar ist. Vorteilhaft soll das zu schaffende Gitter auf Grund seiner Geometrie eine wesentlich verbesserte Anformbarkeit an beliebige Raum-Formen aufweisen und sich für ein sehr breites Bedarfsspektrum eignen, wie z.B. Formgebung von Fahrzeug- Karosserieteilen, Stukkatur- und Gewölbe-Bewehrungen, Sitzschalen, Bildhauerei- und Architektur-Objekte, Verpackungen, Einlagen in hochgradig anformbare Dicht-Bahnen etc..The invention has for its object to provide a grid the most diverse geometrical, in particular also curved structures is adaptable. This is said to be advantageous creating grids due to its geometry an essential have improved formability to any room shape and are suitable for a very wide range of needs, e.g. Shaping of vehicle body parts, stucco and vault reinforcements, Seat shells, sculpture and architecture objects, Packaging, inlays in highly formable sealing sheets Etc..
Die gestellte Aufgabe wird mit einem Gitter gelöst, wie es
durch den Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnet ist. Weiterbildungen der
Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben. The task is solved with a grid like it
characterized by
Ausgehend von Geometrie und Verformungsverhalten von Streck-"Metall", was in bekannter Weise auch aus nicht metallischen Werkstoffen bestehen kann, wurde im ersten Schritt eine Lösung gefunden, bei der die Stege bzw. Stäbe des Gitters zwischen den Kreuzungs- bzw. Knotenpunkten in x, y-Richtung, also in der Gitterebene wellen-, mäander- oder zickzackförmig ausgebogen bzw. ausgeknickt sind, so daß mit relativ geringen von außen aufgebrachten Anformkräften der Abstand zwischen den Knoten vergrößert oder auch noch weiter veringert werden kann. Durch diese Formgebung erzielt man bereits eine erheblich gesteigerte Anformbarkeit.Based on the geometry and deformation behavior of stretch "metal", which in a known manner also from non-metallic The first step was a solution found, in which the webs or bars of the grid between the Intersection or nodes in the x, y direction, i.e. in the Lattice plane bent out in a wave, meander or zigzag shape or buckled, so that with relatively little from the outside applied molding forces the distance between the nodes can be enlarged or reduced even further. By this shape is already significantly increased Formability.
Ausgehend von einem Streckmetall kann man ein erfindungsgemäßes Gitter in besonders einfacher Weise dadurch erhalten, daß man - versetzt von Maschenreihe zu Maschenreihe - jeweils zwei Gitterknoten durch einen Trennschnitt quer und vorzugsweise senkrecht zum konventionellen "Streckschnitt" durchtrennt.Starting from an expanded metal, one according to the invention Obtain grids in a particularly simple manner by - offset from row of stitches to row of stitches - two grid knots each through a separating cut across and preferably cut perpendicular to the conventional "stretch cut".
Besonders vorteilhafte weitere Lösungen der oben gestellten Erfindungsaufgabe ergeben sich, sobald man die wellen-, mäander- oder zickzackförmigen Auslenkungen der Gitterstege senkrecht zur Gitterebene vornimmt, das Gitter also geometrisch gesehen in die z-Richtung ausweitet. Beispielsweise sind die Gitterstege hierzu dreieckförmig und/oder trapezförmig aus der Gitterebene ausgeknickt.Particularly advantageous further solutions to the inventive task set out above arise as soon as the wave, meander or zigzag-shaped deflections of the bars perpendicular to the lattice plane, i.e. the lattice seen geometrically expands in the z direction. For example, the bars are for this purpose triangular and / or trapezoidal from the lattice plane buckled.
Die Gitter nach der Erfindung können mit aushärtenden oder elastisch auspolymerisierenden oder trocknenden Stoffen oder Massen ausgefüllt oder beschichtet werden und kommen damit z.B. als Putzträger in Frage sowie als im Bedachungsbereich unter dem Begriff "Blei-Ersatz" bekannte marktgängige Produkte. Weitere Anwendungsmöglichkeiten sind:
- Distanzhalter für hinterlüftete Verkleidungen,
- maßangeformte Verpackungen für kugelige Gegenstände u.ä.,
- Trockengitter in Industrie und Haushalt,
- GFK- ersetzende Reparatur- "Matte" im Kfz-Bereich u.ä..
- Spacers for ventilated cladding,
- custom-made packaging for spherical objects and the like,
- Drying grids in industry and household,
- GRP-replacing repair "mat" in the automotive sector, etc.
Die vorgestellten Ausbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Gitter werden vorzugsweise aus homogenem Tafel- oder Streifen-Halbzeug gestanzt oder zusammengefügt bzw. geklebt und geformt und sie weisen analog dem bekannten Streckmetall nicht ganz präzise definierte Fließ-, Biege- Gelenke bzw. -knoten auf. Hierbei kann sogar die Fixierung der Knoten oder Kreuzungspunkte entfallen, wenn die nur lose hingelegten Gitterstreifen oder -drähte durch unmittelbar anschließendes Einbetten oder Eindrücken in eine starr oder elastisch aushärtende Masse festgehalten werden. Als wesentliches gemeinsames Merkmal weisen diese Gitter eine hohe plastische Anformbarkeit und geringe elastische Rückfederung auf.The presented designs of the grid according to the invention are preferably made from homogeneous sheet or strip semi-finished products punched or assembled or glued and shaped and they do not quite point analogously to the known expanded metal precisely defined flow, bending joints or nodes. Here you can even fix the nodes or crossing points omitted if the loosely placed grid strips or wires by immediately embedding or Pressing into a rigid or elastic hardening mass be held. As an essential common feature these grids have a high plastic formability and low elastic springback.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand beigefügter Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- in perspektivischer Ansicht ein Gitter gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, mit in der Gitterebene ausgeknickten Gitterstegen,
- Fig. 2
- in Draufsicht ein konventionelles Streckmetallgitter mit einzelnen durchgetrennten Gitterknoten,
- Fig. 3
- in Draufsichten ein Gitter aus wellenförmig ausgebogenen
- (a) parallel aneinander gereihten Drähten
- (b) unter einem Winkel übereinandergelegten Drähten,
- Fig. 4
- in perspektivischer Ansicht ein Gitter gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung, mit dreieckförmig aus der Gitterebene ausgeknickten Gitterstegen,
- Fig. 5
- in perspektivischer Ansicht ein Gitter gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung, mit trapezförmig aus der Gitterebene ausgeknickten Gitterstegen,
- Fig. 6
- in perspektivischer Ansicht ein Gitter gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung, mit aus der Gitterebene ausgeknickten Gitterstegen mit "positiver Kopplung",
- Fig. 7
- in perspektivischer Ansicht ein Gitter gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung, mit Gitterstegen, die durch eingefaltete Dreiecksflächen versteift sind.
- Fig. 1
- a perspective view of a grid according to a first embodiment of the invention, with grid bars bent in the grid plane,
- Fig. 2
- a top view of a conventional expanded metal grid with individual severed grid nodes,
- Fig. 3
- a top view of a grid made of wavy curves
- (a) Wires lined up in parallel
- (b) wires superimposed at an angle,
- Fig. 4
- a perspective view of a grid according to a further embodiment of the invention, with triangularly bent grid bars from the grid plane,
- Fig. 5
- a perspective view of a grid according to a further embodiment of the invention, with grid webs bent out of the grid plane in a trapezoidal shape,
- Fig. 6
- a perspective view of a grid according to a further embodiment of the invention, with grid bars bent out of the grid plane with "positive coupling",
- Fig. 7
- a perspective view of a grid according to a further embodiment of the invention, with grid bars that are stiffened by folded triangular surfaces.
Das in Fig. 1 gezeigte Gitter entspricht einem Streckmetallgitter.
Die sich in der Gitterebene, x, y-Ebene, strahlenförmig
zwischen Gitterknoten 1 erstreckenden Gitterstege 2 sind dabei
zickzackförmig ausgeknickt, so daß mit relativ geringen von
außen aufgebrachten Anformkräften der Abstand zwischen den Knoten
vergrößert oder auch veringert werden kann. Durch diese
Formgebung erzielt man bereits eine erheblich verbesserte Anformbarkeit
des Gitters an Raumformen aller Art.The grid shown in Fig. 1 corresponds to an expanded metal grid.
Which are in the grid plane, x, y plane, radiating
there are
Das in Fig. 2 gezeigte Gitter ist ein gewöhnliches Streckmetallgitter, bei dem lediglich versetzt von Maschenreihe zu Maschenreihe zwei Gitterknoten 1a durch einen Trennschnitt 1c senkrecht zum eigentlichen "Streckschnitt" 1d durchtrennt sind. Ein solches Gitter zeichnet sich einerseits durch leichte Herstellbarkeit und andererseits durch hervorragende Raumformbarkeit aus.The grid shown in Fig. 2 is a common expanded metal grid, in which only staggered from course to course two grid nodes 1a through a separating cut 1c are cut perpendicular to the actual "stretch cut" 1d. On the one hand, such a grid is easy to manufacture and on the other hand, thanks to its excellent malleability out.
Ein entsprechendes Gitter zeigen Fig. 3(a) und (b), wobei hier
die Gitterstege nicht wie bei Fig. 2 aus einem Metallblech,
sondern aus Metalldrähten geformt sind. Nach Fig. 3(a) sind
zickzack- oder wellenförmig ausgebogene Drähte 5, 6 in
paralleler Ausrichtung aneinandergereiht, so daß sich zwischen
ihnen Bäuche 7 und Berührungspunkte 8 ergeben. Die Drähte 5, 6
sind wiederum versetzt von Maschenreihe zu Maschenreihe, an
jedem dritten Berührungspunkt miteinander verklammert,
verschweißt, verlötet etc. während die dazwischen liegenden
Berührungspunkte lose sind. Das Gitter nach Fig. 3(b) ist von
grundsätzlich gleichem Aufbau, wobei hier lediglich die Drähte
5' die Drähte 6' unter einem Winkel α schneiden, wodurch sich
anstelle von Berührungspunkten 8 nunmehr Kreuzungspunkte 8'
ergeben. Die Verklammerung ist die gleiche wie bei der
Ausführungsform nach Fig. 3(a). Der Winkel α ist vorzugsweise ≤
90°, optimal 30° < α < 60°, woraus ein besonders gutes Streck- und
auch Stauchverhalten resultiert.A corresponding grid is shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and (b), where here
the webs are not made of sheet metal as in FIG. 2,
but are formed from metal wires. According to Fig. 3 (a)
zigzag or
Weitere Verbesserungen der eingangs gestellten Erfindungsaufgabe
ergeben sich, sobald man die wellen- oder zickzackförmigen
Auslenkungen der Gitterstege 2 senkrecht zur Gitterebene vornimmt,
das Gitter also geometrisch gesehen in die z-Richtung
ausweitet. Der erste Schritt in dieser Richtung führt zu dem
Gitter nach Fig. 4, bei dem die Gitterstege 2 zwischen den Gitterknoten
1 dreieckförmig in die z-Richtung ausgeknickt sind.
Bei diesem Gitter sind Streckungen und Stauchungen in x- und y-Richtung
weitgehend entkoppelt und es ergibt sich eine ausgezeichnete
Anformbarkeit an Raumformen unterschiedlichster Geometrie. Further improvements to the inventive task set out at the beginning
arise as soon as you get the wavy or zigzag shaped
Deflections of the grid bars 2 perpendicular to the grid plane,
geometrically speaking, the grid in the z direction
expands. The first step in this direction leads to that
4, in which the
Sehr ähnlich dem Gitter nach Fig. 4 ist das Gitter gemäß Fig.
5, das sich dadurch unterscheidet, daß die Gitterstege 2 zwischen
den Gitterknoten 1 nicht mehr dreiecks- sondern trapezförmig
ausgeknickt sind. Durch die hochgelegte Plattform 3 auf
Stegmitte bietet dieses Gitter eine besonders gute beidseitige
Beklebbarkeit oder Beschichtbarkeit mit Folien oder dergleichen.
Diese beidseitige, flächige Beklebung kann entweder in
Planlage des Gitters oder nach Anformung an eine fast beliebige
Raumkontur erfolgen, was eine besonders leichte und steife
Sandwich- oder Schalenbauweise ermöglicht.4 is very similar to the grid according to FIG.
5, which differs in that the
Das Gitter gemäß Fig. 6 ist die konsequente Fortentwicklung des
Gitters nach Fig. 5, es weist jedoch im Vergleich mit den Gittern
nach Figuren 4 und 5 eine gewisse Kopplungstendenz in den
x- und y-Verformungen auf, allerdings im Gegensatz zu Streckmetall
mit "positiver Kopplung", das heißt eine Längsdehnung bewirkt
gleichzeitig eine Querdehnung. Bei dem Gitter nach Fig. 6
sind die Gitterstege 2 an den Ausknickstellen in Form einer
Plattform 3 ihrerseits durch entsprechend ausgeknickte Gitterstege
2' miteinander verbunden. Die Ausknickung der Gitterstege
2' liegt gewöhnlich entgegengesetzt zur Ausknickungsrichtung
der Stege 2, so daß die Plattformen 3' der Gitterstege 2' in
derselben Ebene liegen wie die Gitterknoten 1. Es ist aber auch
möglich, die Ausknickung der Gitterstege 2' nach derselben
Richtung vorzunehmen wie die Ausknickung der Gitterstäbe 2, wodurch
das Gitter in z-Richtung auftragender wird. Auch bei den
zuvor beschriebenen Gittern nach Figuren 4 und 5 ist ein Ausknicken
der Gitterstege 2 nach der einen oder zur anderen Gitterseite
hin möglich. 6 is the consequent development of the
5, however, it has a comparison with the grids
according to Figures 4 and 5 a certain coupling tendency in the
x and y deformations, but in contrast to expanded metal
with "positive coupling", that is, causes longitudinal expansion
a transverse stretch at the same time. 6
are the
Das Gitter nach Fig. 7 folgt unmittelbar aus dem Gitter nach
Fig. 6. Betrachtet man das Gitter nach Fig. 6 als "aus quadratischem
Lochblech tiefgezogen", so ergibt sich daraus unmittelbar
das Gitter nach Fig. 7, wenn die Lochfelder nicht ausgestanzt
werden, sondern in der jeweils passenden Diagonalen nur
geschlitzt und danach in die Tiefzieh-Formgebung derart miteinbezogen
werden, daß die abwechselnde Hoch- und Tieflage der
Knoten, verbunden mit einer 45° Schrägstellung der Stege ganz
von selbst eine Vertikal- Stellung der eingefalteten Dreiecksflächen
4 ergibt. Diese Formgebung bewirkt eine außerordentliche
Aussteifung der Stege 2, 2' gegen Knickversagen bei äußerer
Belastung. Läßt man gewisse Abweichungen von dieser Ideal-Geometrie
zu, so weist dieses Gitter gegenüber Streckmetall eine
noch immer ganz erheblich höhere räumliche Anformbarkeit auf.
Darüber hinaus ist es auf Grund seiner Abmessungen in z-Richtung
in ganz besonderem Maße zur Herstellung extrem leichter
und beulsteifer ebener Platten und räumlich gekrümmter Schalen
in sogenannter Sandwich-Bauweise geeignet, indem auch dieses
Gitter sehr gut beklebbar ist mit einer Außen- und/oder
Innenhaut, die auch Lochungen aufweisen kann oder nur aus
Streifen besteht.7 follows directly from the grid
Fig. 6. Looking at the grating of Fig. 6 as "from square
Perforated sheet deep-drawn ", this immediately results
the grid of FIG. 7 when the perforated fields are not punched out
be, but only in the appropriate diagonal
slotted and then included in the thermoforming process
be that the alternating high and low positions of the
Knots connected with a 45 ° inclination of the bars entirely
automatically a vertical position of the folded triangular surfaces
4 results. This shape creates an extraordinary
Bracing of the
Da es wie das Gitter nach Fig. 6 eine ausgeprägte Ober- und Unterseite bzw. Innen- und Außenseite aufweist, ergeben sich gute Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten. Dabei läßt sich ein praktisch gleiches Festigkeitsverhalten der beiden Seiten erzielen, indem man sie unterschiedlich beklebt. Daraus ergibt sich der besonders interessante Einsatzbereich der an sich bekannten Wellpappen. Diese Kartonagen haben bekanntlich ein ausgeprägtes "orthotropes" Knickverhalten, indem sie bauartbedingt in der Richtung der Zwischenlagen- Wellen, also in z.B. x-Richtung eine deutliche, für Kartonformgebung auch druchaus vorteilhafte Bereitschaft zu geradlinigem Knicken zeigen, in der y-Richtung jedoch eine in vielen Fällen unerwünschte, gelegentlich sogar nachteilige Knicksteifigkeit mit irregulärer Falzbildung. Eine Wellpappe mit einer Zwischenlage gemäß einem Gitter gemäß Figuren 6 oder 7 hat dagegen eine absolut gleiche, definierte Knickbereitschaft in beiden Richtungen. Diese in beiden Richtungen gleiche Knickbereitschaft führt nicht nur im Bereich der Karton-Herstellung zu Vorteilen, sondern mehr noch im Bereich Wiederverwendung von Wellpappe, indem die "vor Ort-Einzelherstellung" von Maß-Verpackungen aus gut erhaltenem Gebrauchtmaterial erheblich vereinfacht wird.Since it has a pronounced top and bottom like the grille of FIG. 6 or inside and outside, good results Design options. It can be practically the same Achieve strength behavior on both sides by pasted them differently. This results in the special interesting area of application of the well-known corrugated cardboard. As is well known, these cardboard boxes have a distinctive one "Orthotropic" buckling behavior by design-related in the Direction of the intermediate layer waves, i.e. in e.g. x direction a clear one, which is also extremely advantageous for carton shaping Show readiness for straight-line kinking in the y-direction however an undesirable in many cases, sometimes even disadvantageous buckling stiffness with irregular fold formation. A Corrugated cardboard with an intermediate layer according to a grid according to figures In contrast, 6 or 7 has an absolutely identical, defined one Willingness to kink in both directions. This in both directions The same readiness to buckle does not only result in the area of Cardboard manufacturing benefits, but more in the area Reuse of corrugated cardboard by the "on-site one-off production" made-to-measure packaging from well-preserved used material is significantly simplified.
Wie bereits erwähnt, können die Gitter nach Figuren 4 bis 7 entweder vor oder nach Anformung ein- oder beidseitig durchgehend oder teilweise flächig beklebt werden. Die derart aufgebauten Platten und Schalen weisen im Gegensatz zu den weitverbreiteten Sechskantwaben- Sandwich-Bauteilen (Honey Comb Sandwiches), die bauartbedingt "geschlossenporig", also undurchlüftbar sind, eine exzellente "Durchlüftbarkeit" auf. Die Gitter nach Figuren 4 bis 7 ermöglichen damit auch eine besonders leichte und steife, sowie besonders flache, auch angeformte, also räumlich gekrümmte Bauweise von Einbau-Tanks und -Vorratsbehältern. Werden derartige Behälter mit Gittertyp nach Fig. 7 ausgesteift, so müssen die hervorragend als Schallwände fungierenden Faltdreiecke 4 allerdings Durchlassöffnungen erhalten, da sich sonst "geschlossene Poren" ergeben.As already mentioned, the grids according to FIGS. 4 to 7 either one-sided or two-sided, either before or after molding or partially glued over a large area. The so constructed Plates and bowls are in contrast to the widespread Hexagonal honeycomb sandwich components (honey comb sandwiches), due to its design, it is "closed-pore", so it cannot be ventilated are excellent "ventilability". The grids according to Figures 4 to 7 thus also allow a special light and stiff, as well as particularly flat, also molded, So spatially curved construction of built-in tanks and storage containers. Are such containers with grid type according to FIG. 7 stiffened, so they have to function excellently as baffles Folding triangles 4, however, have openings, otherwise "closed pores" result.
Besonders vorteilhaft für durchlässige, offenporige Ausführungen ist eine quadrat-gerasterte Lochung des Ausgangsmaterials mit relativ kleinen Lochdurchmessern, die dann längs der Lochreihen und auch diagonal als perforierte Biegelinien-Vorgabe und Biege-Hilfe wirkt.Particularly advantageous for well-drained, open-pored Execution is a square grid perforation of the Starting material with relatively small hole diameters, the then along the rows of holes and also diagonally as perforated Bending line specification and bending aid works.
Claims (10)
- Lattice, in particular a flat lattice, of metal, paper, cardboard or plastics material, with lattice joints from which lattice webs run to adjacent lattice joints, characterised in that lattice webs between the lattice joints are bent and/or buckled in a corrugated, meandering or zig-zag manner and can be stretched or compressed by application of external forces.
- Lattice according to claim 1, characterised in that the lattice webs are bent and/or buckled in the plane of the lattice (x/y plane).
- Lattice according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that it is formed of conventional expanded material in which individual lattice joints (1a) are separated by a separating layer (1c) transverse to the conventional "stretching section" (1d).
- Lattice according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that it is formed from wire or strip material strands (5, 6; 5', 6') bent in a corrugated, meandering or zig-zag manner and arranged adjacent to one another and/or on top of one another, whose contract points (8) and/or intersection points (8') form lattice joints, some of which are rigidly connected whereas others are loose or separate.
- Lattice according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that in a staggered manner from mesh row to mesh row, every third lattice joint (1b) of a mesh row is rigidly connected.
- Lattice according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterised in that the lattice webs projecting from the plane of the lattice (i.e. in the z-direction) are bent and/or buckled on one or both sides of the plane of the lattice.
- Lattice according to claim 6, characterised in that the lattice webs are buckled in a triangular and/or trapezoidal manner relative to the plane of the lattice.
- Lattice according to claim 7, characterised in that the buckling sites in turn form lattice joints and are connected by lattice webs buckled corresponding to the joints or to the opposite side of the lattice.
- Lattice according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the lattice webs are formed as flat lattice strips projecting from the plane of the lattice.
- Lattice according to claim 9, characterised in that the lattice strips are stiffened by folded triangular areas.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4444354 | 1994-12-14 | ||
DE4444354 | 1994-12-14 | ||
PCT/DE1995/001746 WO1996018468A1 (en) | 1994-12-14 | 1995-12-06 | Grid, in particular flat grid (grating) |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0797486A1 EP0797486A1 (en) | 1997-10-01 |
EP0797486B1 true EP0797486B1 (en) | 1998-06-17 |
Family
ID=6535682
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95940146A Expired - Lifetime EP0797486B1 (en) | 1994-12-14 | 1995-12-06 | Grid, in particular flat grid (grating) |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0797486B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE167415T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU4171496A (en) |
DE (2) | DE59502623D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996018468A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19910312A1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-11-16 | Wilhelm Roettger | Expanded metal, perforated grid or similar grid structure |
DE19934060A1 (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2001-02-01 | Wilhelm Roettger | Plastically deformable material web |
CN109990193A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-09 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of multistage concertina honeycomb |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19721586A1 (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 1998-11-26 | Jonathan Aerospace Materials E | Three-dimensional lattice structure and method and device for its production |
GR980100008A (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 1999-09-30 | Multi-dimensional internal molecular support of the material | |
DE19913028C1 (en) * | 1999-03-23 | 2000-08-24 | Joachim Bruensch | Upper knife for expanded metal mesh producing device, having cutting teeth enclosing greater and lesser angles |
DE19922202B4 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2004-02-26 | Wilhelm Röttger | Plastically deformable material web |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE594575A (en) * | ||||
FR465110A (en) * | 1913-10-31 | 1914-04-08 | E W Bliss Company Soc | Method and apparatus for manufacturing expanded metal |
BE333319A (en) * | 1926-04-23 | |||
DE671867C (en) * | 1933-01-07 | 1939-02-16 | Mueller Hans | Method and device for the production of hollow support plates |
US2125583A (en) * | 1934-08-03 | 1938-08-02 | Reed William Edgar | Wire fabric |
US3672022A (en) * | 1969-04-01 | 1972-06-27 | Wire Core Dev Corp | Wire core structure for sandwich material |
-
1995
- 1995-12-06 DE DE59502623T patent/DE59502623D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-06 AT AT95940146T patent/ATE167415T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-06 AU AU41714/96A patent/AU4171496A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-12-06 DE DE19581408T patent/DE19581408D2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-12-06 WO PCT/DE1995/001746 patent/WO1996018468A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-12-06 EP EP95940146A patent/EP0797486B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19910312A1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-11-16 | Wilhelm Roettger | Expanded metal, perforated grid or similar grid structure |
DE19910312C2 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2002-03-14 | Wilhelm Roettger | Expanded metal, perforated grid or similar grid structure |
DE19934060A1 (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2001-02-01 | Wilhelm Roettger | Plastically deformable material web |
DE19934060B4 (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2004-03-04 | Wilhelm Röttger | Plastically deformable material web and process for its production |
CN109990193A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-09 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of multistage concertina honeycomb |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59502623D1 (en) | 1998-07-23 |
EP0797486A1 (en) | 1997-10-01 |
DE19581408D2 (en) | 1998-01-22 |
WO1996018468A1 (en) | 1996-06-20 |
AU4171496A (en) | 1996-07-03 |
ATE167415T1 (en) | 1998-07-15 |
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