EP0793064A2 - Appareil de chauffage et méthode pour régler un appareil de chauffage - Google Patents

Appareil de chauffage et méthode pour régler un appareil de chauffage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0793064A2
EP0793064A2 EP96119834A EP96119834A EP0793064A2 EP 0793064 A2 EP0793064 A2 EP 0793064A2 EP 96119834 A EP96119834 A EP 96119834A EP 96119834 A EP96119834 A EP 96119834A EP 0793064 A2 EP0793064 A2 EP 0793064A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dew point
exhaust gas
burner
sensitive element
heater
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96119834A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0793064A3 (fr
Inventor
Berni Reisser
Andreas Boettigheimer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0793064A2 publication Critical patent/EP0793064A2/fr
Publication of EP0793064A3 publication Critical patent/EP0793064A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/0036—Dispositions against condensation of combustion products

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling a heater according to the preamble of the main claim, and a heater for performing the method.
  • dew point hygrometers operating according to the saturation method are known, with which such parameters as air humidity and dew point temperature can be determined.
  • the control method according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that protective measures can largely be dispensed with by avoiding or early detection of condensate in the exhaust gas duct.
  • the method can be used universally in heaters, since it directly detects the elimination of water vapor regardless of variable variables such as the type of fuel, air pressure, air ratio ⁇ etc.
  • the dew point-sensitive element designed as a dew point hygrometer, is cooled below the ambient temperature with the help of a Peltier element, so that dew point on the dew point hygrometer starts first.
  • the limit i.e. the exhaust gas temperature at which water vapor separates from the dew point hygrometer can be set depending on the ambient conditions. Advantageous warnings for a relative humidity below 100% in the heater are thus possible.
  • a signal is advantageously sent to the control unit to increase the burner output and thus to raise the exhaust gas temperature.
  • the exhaust gas temperature which is decisive for condensation in the exhaust gas duct, correlates with the flow temperature of the heating water.
  • the burner output is advantageously increased in Dependence on the temperature of the heating water, since the flow temperature of the heaters can be set anyway via a temperature sensor.
  • Burner output setpoints that depend on the flow temperature are stored as a characteristic curve in a control unit. This ensures that a burner output which is necessary in accordance with the safe avoidance of condensate is set during the operation of the heater of each flow temperature.
  • the corrected burner output is advantageously compensated for by a shorter on-time and / or longer off-time of the burner. This ensures that the heater does not emit more heating energy than is necessary in accordance with the heat requirement.
  • Another advantageous measure in the event of condensation on the dew point-sensitive element consists in increasing the air ratio ⁇ , which leads to a lowering of the dew point. This also prevents condensation in the exhaust gas routing.
  • the air ratio ⁇ is regulated in an advantageous manner by a fan, which can simultaneously serve to supply the combustion air.
  • the fan speed is also controlled by the control unit.
  • a third advantageous measure in the case of condensation on the dew point sensitive element consists in switching a bypass to or in the heat exchanger. By reducing the heat transfer area, the Exhaust gas temperature raised, preventing condensation.
  • a fourth advantageous measure in the event of condensation on the dew point-sensitive element consists in additional ventilation of the exhaust gas duct by a fan, which also serves to supply the combustion air. Condensate in the flue gas duct is evaporated during burner pauses due to the fan running on.
  • a heater which is particularly suitable for carrying out the control method according to the invention is characterized in that at least one dew point-sensitive element for the control device is arranged in the exhaust gas duct of the heater.
  • the elimination of water vapor can thus be directly determined regardless of variable variables such as the type of fuel, air pressure, air ratio, etc.
  • the dew point sensitive element is advantageously arranged at the end of the exhaust gas duct at the point most at risk with regard to condensate formation. This ensures that there is no condensate in the entire exhaust system.
  • the dew point sensitive element is advantageously designed as a dew point hygrometer.
  • a Peltier element integrated in the dew point hygrometer is used for cooling, the condensation being detected capacitively by a stray field capacitor.
  • a bypass line with a bypass valve is advantageously arranged on or in the heat exchanger Depending on the signal of the dew point sensitive element can be opened or closed.
  • FIG. 1 shows the heater according to the invention shown schematically for carrying out the control method according to the invention and
  • FIG. 2 shows a characteristic curve in a burner output / flow temperature diagram.
  • the heater shown schematically in FIG. 1 has a burner 10.
  • a heat exchanger 15 arranged in a heating water circuit with a flow 12 and a return 14 is subjected to hot combustion gases from the burner 10.
  • the heat exchanger 15 is designed as a coil, which is shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1.
  • consumers can e.g. be connected in the form of a heating system with space heaters, which emit the heating energy to the environment in the form of radiant heat, or also systems for domestic water supply, which can be combined with the heating system, for example.
  • a bypass line 17 provided with a bypass valve 16 is arranged parallel to part of the coil of the heat exchanger 15.
  • an exhaust gas guide 18 which discharges the exhaust gases produced during combustion to the outside environment with the aid of a fan 19 arranged in the exhaust gas guide 18.
  • a connection head 24 is provided at the end of the coaxial combustion air exhaust gas duct, which enables the exhaust gas to be discharged and the combustion air to be fed separately.
  • the output of the burner 10 is continuously regulated, preferably between 60% and 100%, via a control unit 26.
  • the flow temperature of the heating water is detected by a temperature sensor 27, which can also be set depending on the heat requirement. The amount of air required for optimal combustion is adjusted via the fan 19 arranged on the exhaust gas side and connected to the control unit 26.
  • a dew point hygrometer 28 is arranged at the end of the inner wall of the exhaust duct 18, at the level of the brickwork 22.
  • the structure and mode of action of a dew point hygrometer are known from the literature (e.g. SENSOR report 3/1995, pp. 30, 31); wherein a stray field condenser detects condensing water vapor by changing the stray field capacitance.
  • a Peltier element integrated in the dew point hygrometer 28 lowers the temperature of the sensor by a few Kelvin compared to the surroundings.
  • the limit for condensation can thus be set using the Peltier element.
  • certain environmental conditions eg heat transfer between the exhaust duct 18 and the line 20
  • one can the measure preventing the formation of condensate is carried out at a relative air humidity of, for example, 90% or 95%.
  • the exhaust gas temperature is essentially dependent on the flow temperature of the heating water and the burner output set according to the heat requirement, as well as on the length and type of the exhaust gas duct 18.
  • a measure preventing the formation of condensate in the exhaust gas duct 18 therefore consists in increasing the burner output set in accordance with the heat requirement, in the event of condensation from the dew point hygrometer 28, a signal is sent to the control unit 26 to increase the burner output. If the end of condensation is signaled by the dew point hygrometer 28, the burner output is regulated again depending on the heat requirement (e.g. weather-dependent).
  • burner output setpoints are determined for reaching the flue gas temperature required for condensate-free operation at different flow temperatures. If condensation is detected on the dew point hygrometer 28, the actual burner output value set according to the heat requirement is replaced by the burner output setpoint at the corresponding flow temperature.
  • the assignment of the burner output setpoints to the flow temperatures is stored as a characteristic in the control unit 26.
  • the characteristic curve as shown in FIG. 2, is decreasing with increasing flow temperatures, ie with increasing burner temperature, smaller burner output setpoints possible. If the heater is switched on and there is a request for heat at the control unit 26, the control method is activated. According to a setpoint for the flow temperature of the heating water determined by the control unit 26 in cooperation with an outside temperature sensor, the heater starts to heat the heating water up to the setpoint.
  • the heating output or burner output is set between 60% and 100% according to the heat requirement. If condensation of the dew point hygrometer is signaled, the actual burner output value is corrected or raised by the burner output setpoint in accordance with the characteristic curve in control unit 26.
  • the burner output is corrected on the basis of the control method according to the invention, if the on-time or the off-time of the burner 10 is maintained, the heating energy supply would be greater than that originally required in accordance with the heat requirement.
  • shorter switch-on phases and / or longer switch-off phases of the burner 10 are set by the control device 26.
  • the switching hysteresis in a two-point control can be optimized as already described in an earlier application with the file number P 39 07 955.4-34.
  • a second measure preventing the formation of condensate in the exhaust gas duct 18 consists in an increase in the air ratio ⁇ which leads to a lowering of the dew point, since the percentage of water vapor in the fuel gas / air mixture decreases.
  • the increase in the air ratio ⁇ is over a A corresponding increase in speed of the fan 19 arranged on the exhaust gas side is reached.
  • Complete combustion and compliance with statutory limits for pollutant emissions (CO, NOx) are criteria for an upper limit for the increase in the air ratio ⁇ .
  • a third measure which prevents the formation of condensate in the exhaust gas duct 18 consists in partially bridging the coil of the heat exchanger 15 by means of a bypass line 17 provided with a bypass valve 16 and thus the bypass line 17 opened. This reduces the heat transfer area and raises the exhaust gas temperature.
  • the dew point-sensitive element is only condensed at a humidity of 100%, i.e. Without a corresponding advance warning for the formation of condensate in the exhaust gas duct 18, there is the possibility that small amounts of condensate have already formed in the exhaust gas duct 18. In this case, the condensate can be dried or evaporated in the burner pauses by the fan 18 running on.
  • control method is not restricted to a heater in accordance with the exemplary embodiment, but can be used wherever a heater connected to an exhaust gas duct is operated with a conventional control method.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP96119834A 1996-03-01 1996-12-11 Appareil de chauffage et méthode pour régler un appareil de chauffage Withdrawn EP0793064A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19607854 1996-03-01
DE1996107854 DE19607854A1 (de) 1996-03-01 1996-03-01 Heizgerät und Verfahren zur Regelung eines Heizgerätes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0793064A2 true EP0793064A2 (fr) 1997-09-03
EP0793064A3 EP0793064A3 (fr) 1998-09-02

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP96119834A Withdrawn EP0793064A3 (fr) 1996-03-01 1996-12-11 Appareil de chauffage et méthode pour régler un appareil de chauffage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0793064A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE19607854A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1260766A3 (fr) * 2001-05-21 2004-12-08 Vaillant GmbH Procédé d'adaptation d' un appareil de chauffage à brûleur à la cheminée d'air/fumée
EP1630476A2 (fr) 2004-08-24 2006-03-01 Vaillant GmbH Procédé pour réduire la condensation dans les appareils de chauffage par combustion munis d'un ventilateur de tirage

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19961286C2 (de) * 1999-12-18 2001-12-13 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum Regeln eines Wärmeerzeugers mit einer Luft-Abgas-Führung
DE19961285C1 (de) * 1999-12-18 2001-06-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum Regeln eines Wärmeerzeugers mit einer Luft-Abgas-Führung
DE10118342C1 (de) * 2001-04-12 2002-12-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Heizungs- und Entlüftungsanlage für den Wohnbereich eines Gebäudes

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0184612B1 (fr) 1984-09-18 1988-01-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de transfert de la chaleur, en particulier pour réchauffeurs de l'eau chauffée au gaz ou au mazout
DE3907955A1 (de) 1989-03-11 1990-09-13 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum regeln der vor- bzw. ruecklauftemperatur einer warmwasser-heizungsanlage

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE56084T1 (de) * 1984-05-03 1990-09-15 Vaillant Gmbh Regeleinrichtung fuer das brennstoffluftverh|ltnis einer waermequelle.
GB9301337D0 (en) * 1993-01-23 1993-03-17 Greenall Jonathan L Heating assemblies having a chimney

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0184612B1 (fr) 1984-09-18 1988-01-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de transfert de la chaleur, en particulier pour réchauffeurs de l'eau chauffée au gaz ou au mazout
DE3907955A1 (de) 1989-03-11 1990-09-13 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum regeln der vor- bzw. ruecklauftemperatur einer warmwasser-heizungsanlage

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SENSOR REPORT, vol. 3, 1995, pages 30 - 31

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1260766A3 (fr) * 2001-05-21 2004-12-08 Vaillant GmbH Procédé d'adaptation d' un appareil de chauffage à brûleur à la cheminée d'air/fumée
EP1630476A2 (fr) 2004-08-24 2006-03-01 Vaillant GmbH Procédé pour réduire la condensation dans les appareils de chauffage par combustion munis d'un ventilateur de tirage
EP1630476A3 (fr) * 2004-08-24 2008-05-28 Vaillant GmbH Procédé pour réduire la condensation dans les appareils de chauffage par combustion munis d'un ventilateur de tirage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0793064A3 (fr) 1998-09-02
DE19607854A1 (de) 1997-09-04

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