EP0793001A1 - Hypocycloid crankdrive for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Hypocycloid crankdrive for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0793001A1
EP0793001A1 EP96120583A EP96120583A EP0793001A1 EP 0793001 A1 EP0793001 A1 EP 0793001A1 EP 96120583 A EP96120583 A EP 96120583A EP 96120583 A EP96120583 A EP 96120583A EP 0793001 A1 EP0793001 A1 EP 0793001A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guide
shaft
eccentric
crank
stroke
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Granted
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EP96120583A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0793001B1 (en
Inventor
Gert Fischer
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups
    • F01B9/02—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with crankshaft
    • F01B9/026—Rigid connections between piston and rod; Oscillating pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/24—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders arranged oppositely relative to main shaft and of "flat" type
    • F02B75/246—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders arranged oppositely relative to main shaft and of "flat" type with only one crankshaft of the "pancake" type, e.g. pairs of connecting rods attached to common crankshaft bearing

Definitions

  • a hypocycloidal crank gear in which a shaft-fixed element serving to control the rotation of the combined lifting / guiding shaft is designed as a gearwheel arranged between balancing masses of the lifting / guiding shaft, which has the well-known gimbal circle pair for generating orthogonal ones with an inner ring gear arranged in the machine housing , straightforward guiding movements.
  • the invention is based, for a combined stroke / guide shaft of the generic hypocycloidal crank mechanism, the object of a shaft-fixed To show element of the hypocycloid straight guide device, which allows a one-piece design of the lifting / guide shaft.
  • a used instead of the known guide gear, per se e.g. FR-PS 1 003 222 for a hypocycloidal crank gear known from a generic type advantageously allows the one-piece design of the combined lifting / guiding shaft.
  • the guide eccentric arranged according to the invention in cooperation with a linear guide element movably guided in / on the machine housing, advantageously advantageously supports forces acting on the guide eccentric, such as gas forces in a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, against guide surfaces formed or arranged on the machine housing.
  • An advantageous force support against the machine housing is e.g. Achieved from DE-A 41 08 311 known Watt's handlebar as a straight guide device of the hypocycloidal crank mechanism, combined with the structural advantage of the small space requirement by the coupling located on the guide eccentric in the construction space of the crank mechanism, which is guided via swing arms articulated on the outside of the machine housing .
  • This advantageous power support with the Watt's handlebar leads in a multi-cylinder reciprocating piston machine with push rod / stroke eccentrics axially spaced apart on the stroke / guide shaft to an advantageously low construction cost of the hypocycloidal crank mechanism in that a single Watt's handlebar with a between the Stroke eccentrics are provided cooperating essentially centrally arranged guide eccentrics, as was proposed per se for a non-generic hypocycloidal gear in DE applications 195 04 890 and 195 09 155.
  • the above-described center arrangement of the Watt's handlebar is particularly advantageous for a multi-cylinder reciprocating piston machine with a stroke eccentric arranged on the stroke / guide shaft for parallel oscillating push rods of pistons in cylinder pairs arranged on both sides of the crankshaft.
  • the swing arms are connected, at least in the articulation points on the machine housing, to rotatable and fixable adjusting eccentrics as a means of compensating for dimensional tolerances, as was proposed and described in more detail in the aforementioned application DE-P 195 04 890.
  • a design of the lifting / guide shaft which is favorable in terms of strength and mass balance provides for this to be designed as a multi-cranked secondary crankshaft, the lifting eccentric and guide eccentric each being designed as journals of strength-related performance-related diameters.
  • This secondary crankshaft which is rotatably supported by end bearing journals in recesses in the synchronously rotationally connected crank webs of the main crankshaft, is advantageously designed or manufactured in one piece.
  • This auxiliary crankshaft designed in this way and viewed as a bending beam supported at both ends has, in the area of the maximum bending moment, the guide eccentric designed as a pin, which, with its mass given by this dimensioning and the proportionate cheek masses, advantageously balances the mass with the diametrically arranged, smaller dimensioned eccentric cam. Pin with partial cheek masses around the axis of rotation of the secondary crankshaft results.
  • a gear shaft cooperating with the toothing provided on the outer circumference of the crank webs is advantageously suitable for a translation into high speed.
  • a gear shaft cooperating with gear wheels separate on the shaft journals of the main crankshaft is advantageous for a slow translation.
  • the respective gear shaft can additionally serve to drive a machine-specific and / or machine-remote unit.
  • Each of the gear shafts in the machine housing is preferably arranged in an area free of the swing arms of the Watt handlebar, advantageously to the side of the movement path of the coupling, so that the gear shaft remains within the housing contour.
  • a reciprocating piston engine 1 shown schematically in sections in the single drawing and preferably serving as an internal combustion engine, is equipped with a hypocycloidal crank mechanism 2.
  • the crank mechanism 2 comprises a first crankshaft 5, which is mounted in the machine housing 3 via shaft journals 4 and has crank webs 7 which are synchronously rotationally connected via a transmission shaft 6.
  • the two lifting eccentrics or lifting pins 11 of the lifting / guide shaft 12 are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner via a guide eccentric or guide pin 14 which interacts with a hypocycloidal straight guide device 13.
  • the straight guide device 13 preferably comprises a straight guide element 15, which is movably guided on the machine housing 3 in a direction orthogonal to the oscillating push rods 8 and which is designed as a coupling of a Watt's handlebar 17 guided via swing arms 16 articulated on the machine housing 3.
  • the lifting / guide shaft 12 is preferably equipped in the center with a guide eccentric or guide pin 14 for a single Watt handlebar 17 between the push rods 8.
  • a straight guide device 13 which is advantageous in terms of strength in a small space requirement is thus achieved, which, in addition, enables an adjustment accessible from the outside with simple assembly.
  • this setting is achieved, for example, in that at least articulation points 18 on the machine housing side of the swing arms 16 of the Watt's arm 17 provided centrally between the push rods 8 are equipped with rotatable and fixable adjusting eccentrics 19 as a means of compensating for dimensional tolerances .
  • the lifting eccentric 11 and the guide eccentric 14 are each designed as journals of a multi-cranked, one-piece secondary crankshaft 20 which is rotatably mounted in eccentrically arranged recesses 22 of the crank webs 7 of the main crankshaft 5 via bearing journals 21 which are integrally formed.
  • crank arms 7 of the main crankshaft 5 are provided with toothings 23 on the respective outer circumference for engagement in gear wheels 24 on the gear shaft 6.
  • the gear shaft 6 arranged laterally in the orthogonal path of the coupling 15 in the machine housing 3 is shown in FIG Order translated quickly. It can be used to drive an auxiliary unit that is external or internal to the machine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The drive has a combined stroke or guide shaft (12) with an element fastened to it. The element is an eccentric guide (14), which acts with the hypocycloidal straight guidance unit (13). The eccentric guide acts with e.g. a connector (15), which is orthogonal to the oscillating connecting rod (8), and is movably held on or in the machine housing (3). The stroke or guide shaft has axially opposite eccentric connecting rod lifters (11). A single Watt-type connecting rod (17) acts with the eccentric guide, which is located centrally between the rod lifters.

Description

Die Erfindung geht gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 von der WO 92/17694 (= PCT/GR91/00004) aus.The invention is based on the preamble of claim 1 from WO 92/17694 (= PCT / GR91 / 00004).

Aus diesem Dokument ist ein hypozykloidisches Kurbelgetriebe bekannt, bei dem ein zur Drehsteuerung der kombinierten Hub-/Führungswelle dienendes wellenfestes Element als ein zwischen Ausgleichsmassen der Hub-/Führungswelle angeordnetes Zahnrad gestaltet ist, das mit einem im Maschinengehäuse angeordneten Innenzahnkranz das bekannte Kardankreispaar zur Erzeugung orthogonaler, geradliniger Führungsbewegungen dient.From this document, a hypocycloidal crank gear is known, in which a shaft-fixed element serving to control the rotation of the combined lifting / guiding shaft is designed as a gearwheel arranged between balancing masses of the lifting / guiding shaft, which has the well-known gimbal circle pair for generating orthogonal ones with an inner ring gear arranged in the machine housing , straightforward guiding movements.

Diese bekannte Anordnung des Zahnrades mit wenigstens an einer Ausgleichsmasse bündig anschlagender Stirnseite erfordert eine von der Hub-/Führungswelle gesonderte Anfertigung des Zahnrades, womit nachteiligerweise ein fertigungstechnischer Aufwand verbunden ist, der sich insbesondere bei einer mehrzylindrigen Hubkolbenmaschine mit einer notwendigerweise gebauten Hub-/Führungswelle zusätzlich erhöht.This known arrangement of the gearwheel, with the end face abutting at least on a compensating mass, requires the gearwheel to be made separately from the lifting / guide shaft, which disadvantageously entails a manufacturing outlay which, in particular in the case of a multi-cylinder reciprocating piston machine, also has a necessary built lifting / guide shaft elevated.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, für eine kombinierte Hub-/Führungswelle des gattungsgemäßen hypozykloidischen Kurbelgetriebes ein wellenfestes Element der hypozykloidischen Geradführungseinrichtung aufzuzeigen, das eine einstückige Ausbildung der Hub-/Führungswelle erlaubt.The invention is based, for a combined stroke / guide shaft of the generic hypocycloidal crank mechanism, the object of a shaft-fixed To show element of the hypocycloid straight guide device, which allows a one-piece design of the lifting / guide shaft.

Diese Aufgabe ist gemäß dem Patentanspruch 1 dadurch gelöst, daß das wellenfeste Element der Hub-/Führungswelle ein mit der hypozykloidischen Geradführungseinrichtung zusammenwirkender Führungsexzenter ist.This object is achieved according to claim 1 in that the shaft-fixed element of the lifting / guide shaft is a guide eccentric interacting with the hypocycloidal straight guide device.

Ein anstelle des bekannten Führungs-Zahnrades verwendeter, per se z.B. aus der FR-PS 1 003 222 für ein gattungsfremdes hypozykloidisches Kurbelgetriebe bekannter Führungsexzenter erlaubt in vorteilhafter Weise die einstückige Ausbildung der kombinierten Hub-/Führungswelle.A used instead of the known guide gear, per se e.g. FR-PS 1 003 222 for a hypocycloidal crank gear known from a generic type advantageously allows the one-piece design of the combined lifting / guiding shaft.

Der erfindungsgemäß angeordnete Führungsexzenter erlaubt im Zusammenwirken mit einem im/am Maschinengehäuse beweglich geführten Geradführungselement eine vorteilhaft unmittelbare Abstützung am Führungsexzenter wirkender Kräfte, wie beispielsweise Gaskräfte bei einer Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine, gegen am Maschinengehäuse ausgebildeter oder angeordneter Führungsflächen.The guide eccentric arranged according to the invention, in cooperation with a linear guide element movably guided in / on the machine housing, advantageously advantageously supports forces acting on the guide eccentric, such as gas forces in a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, against guide surfaces formed or arranged on the machine housing.

Eine vorteilhafte Kräfteabstützung gegen das Maschinengehäuse ist mit einem z.B. aus der DE-A 41 08 311 bekannten Watt'schen Lenker als Geradführungseinrichtung des hypozykloidischen Kurbelgetriebes erzielt, verbunden mit dem baulichen Vorteil des geringen Platzbedartes durch die auf dem Führungsexzenter gelagert angeordnete Koppel im Bauraum des Kurbelgetriebes, die über außen am Maschinengehäuse angelenkte Schwingarme geführt ist.An advantageous force support against the machine housing is e.g. Achieved from DE-A 41 08 311 known Watt's handlebar as a straight guide device of the hypocycloidal crank mechanism, combined with the structural advantage of the small space requirement by the coupling located on the guide eccentric in the construction space of the crank mechanism, which is guided via swing arms articulated on the outside of the machine housing .

Diese mit dem Watt'schen Lenker vorteilhafte Kräfteabstützung führt bei einer mehrzylindrigen Hubkolbenmaschine mit auf der Hub-/Führungswelle axial gegenseitig beabstandet angeordneten Schubstangen-/Hubexzentern zu einem vorteilhaft geringen Bauaufwand des hypozykloidischen Kurbelgetriebes dadurch, daß ein einziger Watt'scher Lenker mit einem zwischen den Hubexzentern im wesentlichen mittig angeordneten Führungsexzenter zusammenwirkend vorgesehen ist, wie dies per se für ein gattungsfremdes hypozykloidisches Getriebe in den DE-Anmeldungen 195 04 890 und 195 09 155 vorgeschlagen wurde.This advantageous power support with the Watt's handlebar leads in a multi-cylinder reciprocating piston machine with push rod / stroke eccentrics axially spaced apart on the stroke / guide shaft to an advantageously low construction cost of the hypocycloidal crank mechanism in that a single Watt's handlebar with a between the Stroke eccentrics are provided cooperating essentially centrally arranged guide eccentrics, as was proposed per se for a non-generic hypocycloidal gear in DE applications 195 04 890 and 195 09 155.

Die vorbeschriebene Mitten-Anordnung des Watt'schen Lenkers ist besonders vorteilhaft für eine mehrzylindrige Hubkolbenmaschine mit auf der Hub/Führungswelle angeordnete Hubexzenter für gleichsinnig oszillierende Schubstangen von Kolben in beiderseits der Kurbelwelle angeordneten Zylinderpaaren. Um hierbei ein Klemmen der orthogonal zu den Schubstangen geführten Koppel des Watt'schen Lenkers über den gesamten Führungshub sicher zu vermeiden, stehen die Schwingarme zumindest in den maschinengehäuseseitigen Anlenkstellen mit dreh- und fixierbar ausgebildeten Einstell-Exzentern als Mittel zum Ausgleich von Maßtoleranzen in Verbindung, wie dies in der bereits genannten Anmeldung DE-P 195 04 890 vorgeschlagen und näher beschrieben wurde.The above-described center arrangement of the Watt's handlebar is particularly advantageous for a multi-cylinder reciprocating piston machine with a stroke eccentric arranged on the stroke / guide shaft for parallel oscillating push rods of pistons in cylinder pairs arranged on both sides of the crankshaft. In order to reliably avoid jamming of the coupling of the Watt handlebar, which is guided orthogonally to the push rods, over the entire guide stroke, the swing arms are connected, at least in the articulation points on the machine housing, to rotatable and fixable adjusting eccentrics as a means of compensating for dimensional tolerances, as was proposed and described in more detail in the aforementioned application DE-P 195 04 890.

Eine bezüglich Festigkeit und Massenausgleich günstige Gestaltung der Hub-/Führungswelle sieht vor, diese als mehrfach gekröpfte Nebenkurbelwelle auszubilden, wobei Hubexzenter und Führungsexzenter jeweils als Zapfen von festigkeitsmäßig leistungsbezogenen Durchmessern ausgeführt sind. Diese über endseitige Lagerzapfen in Ausnehmungen der synchron drehverbundenen Kurbelwangen der Hauptkurbelwelle drehgelagerte Nebenkurbelwelle ist in vorteilhafter Weise einstückig ausgestaltet bzw. hergestellt. Diese so gestaltete und als in beiden Enden abgestützter Biegebalken betrachtete Nebenkurbelwelle weist im Bereich des maximalen Biegemomentes den als Zapfen gestalteten Führungsexzenter auf, der mit seiner durch diese Dimensionierung gegebenen Masse und den anteiligen Wangenmassen einen vorteilhaft angenäherten Massenausgleich zu den diametral angeordneten, kleiner dimensionierten Hubexzenter-Zapfen mit anteiligen Wangenmassen um die Drehachse der Nebenkurbelwelle ergibt.A design of the lifting / guide shaft which is favorable in terms of strength and mass balance provides for this to be designed as a multi-cranked secondary crankshaft, the lifting eccentric and guide eccentric each being designed as journals of strength-related performance-related diameters. This secondary crankshaft, which is rotatably supported by end bearing journals in recesses in the synchronously rotationally connected crank webs of the main crankshaft, is advantageously designed or manufactured in one piece. This auxiliary crankshaft designed in this way and viewed as a bending beam supported at both ends has, in the area of the maximum bending moment, the guide eccentric designed as a pin, which, with its mass given by this dimensioning and the proportionate cheek masses, advantageously balances the mass with the diametrically arranged, smaller dimensioned eccentric cam. Pin with partial cheek masses around the axis of rotation of the secondary crankshaft results.

Eine mit am Außenumfang der Kurbelwangen vorgesehene Verzahnung zusammenwirkende Getriebewelle eignet sich vorteilhaft für eine Übersetzung ins Schnelle. Eine mit auf den Wellenzapfen der Hauptkurbelwelle gesonderten Getrieberädern zusammenwirkende Getriebewelle ist vorteilhaft für eine Übersetzung ins Langsame. In jedem der Fälle kann die jeweilige Getriebewelle zusätzlich dem Antrieb eines maschineneigenen und/oder maschinenfernen Aggregates dienen.A gear shaft cooperating with the toothing provided on the outer circumference of the crank webs is advantageously suitable for a translation into high speed. A gear shaft cooperating with gear wheels separate on the shaft journals of the main crankshaft is advantageous for a slow translation. In each of the cases, the respective gear shaft can additionally serve to drive a machine-specific and / or machine-remote unit.

Vorzugsweise ist jede der Getriebewellen im Maschinengehäuse in einem von den Schwingarmen des Watt'schen Lenkers freien Bereich angeordnet, vorteilhafterweise seitlich der Bewegungsbahn der Koppel, so daß die Getriebewelle innerhalb der Gehäusekontur verbleibt.Each of the gear shafts in the machine housing is preferably arranged in an area free of the swing arms of the Watt handlebar, advantageously to the side of the movement path of the coupling, so that the gear shaft remains within the housing contour.

Die Erfindung ist anhand eines in der Zeichnung schematisch in Perspektive dargestellten Beispiels beschrieben.The invention is described with reference to an example shown schematically in perspective in the drawing.

Eine in der einzigen Zeichnung abschnittsweise schematisch dargestellte, vorzugsweise als Brennkraftmaschine dienende Hubkolbenmaschine 1 ist mit einem hypozykloidischen Kurbelgetriebe 2 ausgerüstet. Das Kurbelgetriebe 2 umfaßt eine im Maschinengehäuse 3 über Wellenzapfen 4 gelagerte erste Kurbelwelle 5 mit über eine Getriebewelle 6 synchron drehverbundenen Kurbelwangen 7.A reciprocating piston engine 1, shown schematically in sections in the single drawing and preferably serving as an internal combustion engine, is equipped with a hypocycloidal crank mechanism 2. The crank mechanism 2 comprises a first crankshaft 5, which is mounted in the machine housing 3 via shaft journals 4 and has crank webs 7 which are synchronously rotationally connected via a transmission shaft 6.

Eine Antriebsverbindung der ersten Kurbelwelle 5 mit gleichgerichtet oszillierenden Schubstangen 8 für Kolben 9 in paarweise diametral angeordneten Zylindern 10, 10' erfolgt über Hubexzenter bzw. Hubzapfen 11 einer kombinierten Hub-/Führungswelle 12, die in den Kurbelwangen 7 der ersten Kurbelwelle 5 außermittig drehgelagert ist.A drive connection of the first crankshaft 5 with rectilinearly oscillating push rods 8 for pistons 9 in pairs of diametrically arranged cylinders 10, 10 'takes place via lifting eccentrics or crank pins 11 of a combined lifting / guide shaft 12 which is rotatably mounted in the crank cheeks 7 of the first crankshaft 5 .

Erfindungsgemäß sind die beiden Hubexzenter bzw. Hubzapfen 11 der Hub-/Führungswelle 12 miteinander über einen mit einer hypozykloidischen Geradführungseinrichtung 13 zusammenwirkenden Führungsexzenter bzw. Führungszapfen 14 drehfest verbunden. Die Geradführungseinrichtung 13 umfaßt vorzugsweise ein zu den oszillierenden Schubstangen 8 orthogonal gerichtet am Maschinengehäuse 3 beweglich geführtes Geradführungselement 15, das als eine über am Maschinengehäuse 3 angelenkte Schwingarme 16 geführte Koppel eines Watt'schen Lenkers 17 gestaltet ist. Vorzugsweise ist zwischen den axial beabstandeten Hubexzentern bzw. Hubzapfen 11 die Hub-/Führungswelle 12 mittig mit einem Führungsexzenter bzw. Führungszapfen 14 für einen einzigen Watt'schen Lenker 17 zwischen den Schubstangen 8 ausgerüstet. Damit ist eine hinsichtlich der Festigkeit bei kleinem Platzbedarf vorteilhafte Geradführungseinrichtung 13 erzielt, die zudem bei einfacher Montage einen von außen zugängliche Einstellung ermöglicht.According to the invention, the two lifting eccentrics or lifting pins 11 of the lifting / guide shaft 12 are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner via a guide eccentric or guide pin 14 which interacts with a hypocycloidal straight guide device 13. The straight guide device 13 preferably comprises a straight guide element 15, which is movably guided on the machine housing 3 in a direction orthogonal to the oscillating push rods 8 and which is designed as a coupling of a Watt's handlebar 17 guided via swing arms 16 articulated on the machine housing 3. Between the axially spaced lifting eccentrics or lifting pins 11, the lifting / guide shaft 12 is preferably equipped in the center with a guide eccentric or guide pin 14 for a single Watt handlebar 17 between the push rods 8. A straight guide device 13 which is advantageous in terms of strength in a small space requirement is thus achieved, which, in addition, enables an adjustment accessible from the outside with simple assembly.

Diese Einstellung ist nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beispielsweise dadurch erreicht, daß zumindest maschinengehäuseseitige Anlenkstellen 18 der Schwingarme 16 des mittig zwischen den Schubstangen 8 vorgesehenen Watt'schen Lenkers 17 mit dreh- und fixierbar ausgebildeten Einstell-Exzentern 19 als Mittel zum Ausgleich von Maßtoleranzen ausgerüstet sind.According to one embodiment of the invention, this setting is achieved, for example, in that at least articulation points 18 on the machine housing side of the swing arms 16 of the Watt's arm 17 provided centrally between the push rods 8 are equipped with rotatable and fixable adjusting eccentrics 19 as a means of compensating for dimensional tolerances .

Zur Erzielung einer biegesteifen Hub-/Führungswelle 12 sind die Hubexzenter 11 und der Führungsexzenter 14 jeweils als Zapfen einer mehrfach gekröpften, einstückigen Nebenkurbelwelle 20 gestaltet, die über einstückig angeformte Lagerzapfen 21 in exzentrisch angeordneten Ausnehmungen 22 der Kurbelwangen 7 der Hauptkurbelwelle 5 drehgelagert ist.In order to achieve a rigid lifting / guide shaft 12, the lifting eccentric 11 and the guide eccentric 14 are each designed as journals of a multi-cranked, one-piece secondary crankshaft 20 which is rotatably mounted in eccentrically arranged recesses 22 of the crank webs 7 of the main crankshaft 5 via bearing journals 21 which are integrally formed.

Aus der Zeichnung geht weiter hervor, daß die Kurbelwangen 7 der Hauptkurbelwelle 5 am jeweiligen Außenumfang mit Verzahnungen 23 versehen sind zum Eingriff in Getrieberäder 24 auf der Getriebewelle 6. Die seitlich der orthogonalen Bewegungsbahn der Koppel 15 im Maschinengehäuse 3 angeordnete Getriebewelle 6 ist in der aufgezeigten Anordnung ins Schnelle übersetzt. Sie kann dem Antrieb eines maschinenexternen oder maschineninternen Nebenaggregates dienen.From the drawing it can further be seen that the crank arms 7 of the main crankshaft 5 are provided with toothings 23 on the respective outer circumference for engagement in gear wheels 24 on the gear shaft 6. The gear shaft 6 arranged laterally in the orthogonal path of the coupling 15 in the machine housing 3 is shown in FIG Order translated quickly. It can be used to drive an auxiliary unit that is external or internal to the machine.

Dagegen nicht dargestellt ist eine untersetzte bzw. ins Langsame übersetzte Getriebewelle mit im Durchmesser großen Getrieberädern, die mit relativ kleineren Getrieberädern auf den Wellenzapfen 4 der Hauptkurbelwelle 5 kämmen.On the other hand, not shown is a geared down or slowed down gear shaft with gear wheels of large diameter which mesh with relatively smaller gear wheels on the shaft journal 4 of the main crankshaft 5.

Claims (9)

Hypozykloidisches Kurbelgetriebe für Hubkolbenmaschinen, insbesondere Brennkraftmaschinen, - umfassend eine im Maschinengehäuse (3) über Wellenzapfen (4) gelagerte Kurbelwelle (5) mit über eine Getriebewelle (6) synchron drehverbundenen Kurbelwangen (7), in denen - eine kombinierte Hub-/Führungswelle (12) außermittig drehgelagert und über ein wellenfestes Element der hypozykloidischen Geradführungseinrichtung (13) derart drehgesteuert ist, daß mittels - eines mit der Hub-/Führungswelle (12) drehfest verbundenen Hubexzenters (11) eine Schubstange (8) oszillierend angetrieben ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, - daß das wellenfeste Element der Hub-/Führungswelle (12) ein mit der hypozykloidischen Geradführungseinrichtung (13) zusammenwirkender Führungsexzenter (14) ist. Hypocycloidal crank gear for reciprocating piston machines, especially internal combustion engines, - Including a crankshaft (5) mounted in the machine housing (3) via shaft journals (4) with crank cheeks (7) synchronously rotatably connected via a gear shaft (6), in which - A combined lifting / guiding shaft (12) is rotatably mounted off-center and is rotatably controlled via a shaft-fixed element of the hypocycloidal straight guide device (13) in such a way that by means of - A push rod (8) is driven in an oscillating manner with the stroke / guide shaft (12) connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a stroke eccentric (11),
characterized, - That the shaft-fixed element of the stroke / guide shaft (12) with the hypocycloid straight guide device (13) cooperating guide eccentric (14). Kurbelgetriebe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Führungsexzenter (14) mit einem zur oszillierenden Schubstange (8) orthogonal gerichtet im/am Maschinengehäuse (3) beweglich geführten Geradführungselement (Koppel 15; Kulissenstein oder Wälzlager) zusammenwirkt.A crank mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide eccentric (14) interacts with a straight guide element (coupling 15; sliding block or roller bearing) which is movably guided in / on the machine housing (3) and is oriented orthogonally to the oscillating push rod (8). Kurbelgetriebe nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die hypozykloidische Geradführungseinrichtung (13) ein Watt'scher Lenker (17) ist mit einer über am Maschinengehäuse (3) angelenkte Schwingarme (16) geführten und auf dem Führungsexzenter (14) gelagert angeordneten Koppel (15) als Geradführungselement.Crank gearbox according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the hypocycloidal straight guide device (13) is a Watt's handlebar (17) with a coupling which is guided via swing arms (16) articulated on the machine housing (3) and mounted on the guide eccentric (14) (15) as a straight guide element. Kurbelgetriebe nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, - daß die Hub-/Führungswelle (12) axial gegenseitig beabstandet angeordnete Schubstangen-Hubexzenter (11) aufweist, und - daß ein einziger Watt'scher Lenker (17) mit einem zwischen den Hubexzentern (11) im wesentlich mittig angeordneten Führungsexzenter (14) zusammenwirkend vorgesehen ist. Crank gearbox according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that - That the lifting / guide shaft (12) has axially spaced-apart push rod stroke eccentric (11), and - That a single Watt handlebar (17) with a between the stroke eccentric (11) in the substantially centrally arranged guide eccentric (14) is provided cooperating. Kurbelgetriebe nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, - daß die Hub-/Führungswelle (12) diametral zum Führungsexzenter (14) angeordnete Hubexzenter (11) aufweist für gleichsinnig oszillierende Schubstangen (8) von Kolben (9) in beiderseits der Kurbelwelle (5) angeordneten Zylinderpaaren (10, 10'), wobei - zumindest maschinengehäuseseitige Anlenkstellen (18) der Schwingarme (16) des zwischen den Schubstangen (8) vorgesehenen Watt'schen Lenkers (17) mit dreh- und fixierbar ausgebildeten Einstell-Exzentern (19) als Mittel zum Ausgleich von Maßtoleranzen ausgerüstet sind. Crank gear according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that - That the stroke / guide shaft (12) arranged diametrically to the guide eccentric (14) has stroke eccentric (11) for push rods (8) of pistons (9) oscillating in the same direction in pairs of cylinders (10, 10 ') arranged on both sides of the crankshaft (5), in which - At least machine housing-side articulation points (18) of the swing arms (16) of the connecting rods (8) provided Watt's handlebar (17) are equipped with rotatable and fixable adjustment eccentrics (19) as a means of compensating for dimensional tolerances. Kurbelgetriebe nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, - daß die Hubexzenter (11) und der Führungsexzenter (14) jeweils als Zapfen einer mehrfach gekröpften, als Nebenkurbelwelle (20) dienenden Hub-/Führungswelle (12) gestaltet sind, und - daß die Nebenkurbelwelle (20) über Lagerzapfen (21) in Ausnehmungen (22) der Kurbelwangen (7) der Hauptkurbelwelle (5) drehgelagert ist. Crank gear according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that - That the stroke eccentric (11) and the guide eccentric (14) are each designed as a pin of a multi-cranked, as a secondary crankshaft (20) serving stroke / guide shaft (12), and - That the secondary crankshaft (20) via pivot pins (21) in recesses (22) of the crank arms (7) of the main crankshaft (5) is rotatably mounted. Kurbelgetriebe nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nebenkurbelwelle (20) einstückig gestaltet ist.A crank mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that the auxiliary crankshaft (20) is designed in one piece. Kurbelgetriebe nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kurbelwangen (7) der Hauptkurbelwelle (5) am jeweiligen Außenumfang mit Verzahnungen (23) versehen sind zum Eingriff in Getrieberäder (24) auf der Getriebewelle (6).Crank gearbox according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the crank webs (7) of the main crankshaft (5) are provided on the respective outer circumference with toothings (23) for engagement in gear wheels (24) on the gear shaft (6). Kurbelgetriebe nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf jedem Wellenzapfen (4) der Hauptkurbelwelle (5) erste Getrieberäder angeordnet sind zum Eingriff in zweite Getrieberäder der Getriebewelle (6).Crank gearbox according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that first gear wheels are arranged on each shaft journal (4) of the main crankshaft (5) for engagement in second gear wheels of the gear shaft (6).
EP96120583A 1996-03-01 1996-12-20 Hypocycloid crankdrive for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0793001B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19607920A DE19607920A1 (en) 1996-03-01 1996-03-01 Hypocycloidal crank mechanism for reciprocating piston machines, in particular internal combustion engines
DE19607920 1996-03-01

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EP0793001B1 EP0793001B1 (en) 2001-10-31

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0793001B1 (en) 2001-10-31
ES2164824T3 (en) 2002-03-01
JP4017206B2 (en) 2007-12-05
JPH09242559A (en) 1997-09-16
DE19607920A1 (en) 1997-09-04
US5727513A (en) 1998-03-17
DE59608066D1 (en) 2001-12-06

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