KR101285472B1 - Power generating engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An engine for power generation is provided to precisely and accurately control the supply and exhaust of working fluid. CONSTITUTION: An engine for power generation comprises an engine block (10), a crank shaft, pistons (30), supply and exhaust blocks (40), valve units, and a distributor (60). A crank chamber and a pair of cylinders face to each other inside the engine block. The crank shaft penetrates through the crank chamber. The pistons are connected to the crank shaft by connection rods (31) and are installed inside the cylinders. The supply and exhaust blocks are installed in the sides of the engine block and respectively have a supply hole and an exhaust hole. The valve units are installed in the exhaust holes. The distributor is coupled to the crank shaft to rotate with the crank shaft.

Description

Power Generating Engine

The present invention relates to a power generating engine, and more particularly to a power generating engine for generating power using steam or gas produced or used for use in a manufacturing process in the industrial field.

In the manufacturing process or incinerator, steam or gas needs to be supplied in the manufacturing process, and only a part of the produced steam is often used in the manufacturing process, and in this case, the surplus steam is discarded or simply heats hot water. However, the rationalization of energy use is not achieved.

Accordingly, research on a power generating device for rationally using such an extra amount of steam has been continuously conducted, and one such example is a power generator using a steam turbine.

However, in order to drive a steam turbine, not only a large amount of steam is required, but also a high temperature and high pressure steam, the system is not only large, but also requires a large installation cost.

Another example of a device generating power using gas or steam is a power generating device using an organic Rankine cycle, which consists of a circulating pump, a turbine, a condenser and an evaporator. Then, the power is produced as it is expanded in the turbine, and the used steam is liquefied again in the condenser and then configured to be circulated back to the evaporator by the circulation pump.

However, the organic Rankine cycle requires precise control of the operation and shutdown of the circulation pumps, turbines, condensers and evaporators, and the supply and discharge of working fluids. Since it is difficult, most of them are applied only to facilities requiring large-scale power generation.

In order to compensate for the disadvantages of the organic Rankine cycle as described above, there is an inverter-type engine generator disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-18285. The generator using the Stirling engine of this document consists of a cylinder, a piston, and a crankshaft. Air and steam are used as working fluids based on the engine, and compared to the organic Rankine cycle, the configuration of the device is simpler, which makes it easier to manufacture small.

As shown in FIG. 1, the power generation system using the Stirling engine includes an engine unit, a heating unit, a cooling unit, and a circulation passage connecting them, respectively, and the engine unit is circulated through the heating and cooling process along the circulation passage. In this way, the generator is driven by the rotational power of the driven engine to produce electrical energy. At this time, gas such as helium is mainly used as a heat medium that circulates in the flow path. Since pressure loss inside the system is generated, and in this case, the rotational power of the engine is sharply lowered, the airtightness of each component and flow path through which the heat medium is supplied and circulated is essential in the power generation system or power generating device using the Stirling engine.

However, a regenerator is generally used in a power generation system using a Stirling engine. Since a heat medium in which a heat medium in a closed flow path passes through a heating and cooling process passes through the inside of the regenerator, the regenerator is also heated and cooled repeatedly. There is a problem in that leakage from the regenerator in the system does not easily maintain the confidentiality of the entire system.

In addition, in order for the Stirling engine to operate effectively, the timing at which the working fluid is supplied into the engine and the timing exhausted from the engine must be precisely and accurately controlled, and in reality, it is difficult to precisely and accurately control such timing, which is why The use of the power generating device using the situation is poor.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the conventional power generating device as described above, which can be made compact and provides a power generating engine capable of precisely and accurately controlling the supply and exhaust of working fluid. Its purpose is to.

An object of the present invention as described above is an engine block for generating power, an engine block formed so that a crank chamber and a pair of cylinders face each other; A crank shaft penetrating and installed in the crank chamber; A piston connected to the crankshaft by a connecting rod and installed in each of the cylinders to reciprocally slide the piston to rotate the crankshaft; An air supply and exhaust block installed at a side of the engine block, the air supply and exhaust holes being respectively formed to supply and exhaust the working fluid into each of the cylinders; A valve unit installed in the exhaust hole and opened and closed to control and exhaust the working fluid inside the cylinder; It is achieved by configuring a distributor which is coupled to the crankshaft and rotates together with the crankshaft while distributing and supplying a working fluid to each of the air supply holes through outlet holes formed in the same number as the number of cylinders.

At this time, the distributor is coupled to one end of the crankshaft is formed in the distribution hole is selectively communicated with the outlet hole by the rotation operation, the distribution hole is preferably configured to be always in communication with the at least one outlet hole.

The valve unit may include a valve body installed in the exhaust hole and having a through hole formed therein; A valve seat for selectively opening and closing the through hole; It is preferred that the spring is provided between the valve body and the valve seat to elastically support the through-hole so that it is always open.

In addition, the valve seat is more preferably provided with a contact member protruding into the cylinder.

In the engine for power generation of the present invention, the distributor is connected to the crankshaft, the distribution plate inside the distributor is rotated together by the rotational operation of the crankshaft, whereby the distribution fluid and the discharge hole selectively communicate with each cylinder working fluid Precisely and accurately distributed, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of engine operation.

In addition, the present invention can be miniaturized because a pair of cylinders are installed in one engine block.

In addition, in the present invention, since the valve units are installed close to each side of the cylinder, the insoluble volume of the working fluid is minimized, thereby increasing the efficiency of the engine.

1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional Stirling engine,
2 is a perspective view showing an example of a power generating engine according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 2,
4 is a perspective view showing an example of a main body according to the present invention;
5 is a perspective view showing an example of a crankshaft according to the present invention;
6 is a perspective view showing an example in which a connecting rod and a piston are coupled to a crankshaft according to the present invention;
Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the supply and exhaust block and the valve unit according to the present invention,
8 (a, b) is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view showing an example in which the supply and exhaust block and the valve unit according to the invention assembled;
9 (a) is an exploded perspective view showing an example of a dispenser according to the present invention;
9 (b) is a perspective view showing a dispensing housing according to the present invention,
10 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the crankshaft and the distributor and the shaft coupling unit according to the present invention;
Figure 11 (a, b) is a side view showing an example of the fixed cover and the dispensing housing of the dispenser according to the present invention,
12 to 15 is a use state diagram showing the operation of the engine for power generation according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention through the accompanying drawings showing a preferred embodiment will be described in more detail.

The present invention relates to a power generating engine that generates power by the pressure of steam or gas (hereinafter referred to as "working fluid"), the engine block 10, the crankshaft as shown in Figures 2 and 3 20, the piston 30, the supply and exhaust block 40, the valve unit 50 and the distributor 60.

As shown in FIG. 4, the engine block 10 intersects the main body 11 having a rectangular enclosure shape, a crank chamber 12 formed through the front and rear surfaces of the main body 11, and the crank chamber 12. It consists of cylinders 13A and 13B formed so as to penetrate through the left and right sides.

The engine block 10 has a crank chamber 12 formed through the front and rear, so that the crank shaft 20 can be easily installed inside the crank chamber 12, and furthermore, the cylinder 13A, 13B In addition, since one side thereof is opened to communicate with the crank chamber 12 inside the main body 11, the piston 30 is installed in each of the cylinders 13A and 13B, and then easily assembled using the connecting rod 31. .

In this case, in order to more easily assemble the connecting rod 31 and the crankshaft 20, a plurality of through holes 11A may be formed by penetrating the crank chamber 12 of the main body 11 up and down. Using 11A, the assembly is easier because the crankshaft 20 and the connecting rod 30 can be put into close proximity to the coupling portion where the coupling is assembled.

In addition, the through hole 11A is covered by the cover plate 14 after the crankshaft 20 and the connecting rod 31 are assembled, whereby foreign matter flows into the crank chamber 12 or the crank chamber. (12) The oil inside does not leak out.

On the other hand, the cylinder (13A, 13B) is formed with a pair of left and right around the crankshaft 20 is carried out by a minimum two-cylinder engine method, in this case also the outlet hole (H) of the distributor (60) described later also Correspondingly, two are formed so that the working fluid is supplied to either of the cylinders 13A and 13B.

In addition, the cylinder 13A, 13B according to the present invention is a four-cylinder engine system having a total of four cylinders (13A, 13A ', 13B, 13B') by arranging a pair of left and right pairs of cylinders (13A, 13B) in two rows. In this case, four outflow holes (H) of the distributor (60) are formed accordingly so that the working fluid can be supplied to each cylinder (13A, 13A ', 13B, 13B'). .

The crankshaft 20, which is installed at the center of the crank chamber 12 of the engine block 10 and rotates, has a predetermined length as shown in FIG. In the central portion thereof, crank pins 22 and 23 are formed to engage the piston 30 installed in the cylinders 13A and 13B.

At this time, the crank pins 22 and 23 have only one crank pin 22 in the case of a two-cylinder engine type, and the connecting rods 31 of the piston 30 on the left and right sides are coupled to the same crank pin 22. Thus, the two pistons 30 are operated at intervals of 180 °, respectively, and in the case of the four-cylinder engine method, the two crank pins 22 and 23 are disposed at 90 ° angles to each other so that each crank pin 22, Two connecting rods 31 are coupled to 23, whereby four pistons 30 are operated at 90 ° intervals, respectively.

In this way, the configuration of the four-cylinder engine system by the configuration will be described as an example. When one piston 30 is located at the top dead center, the other piston 30 is located at the bottom dead center. That is, when one of the four piston 30 reaches the top dead center, the other piston 30 connected to the same crank pin 22 is located at the bottom dead center, the other crank pin 23 The pair of pistons 30 connected to) are respectively positioned at the midpoint before reaching the top dead center and at the midpoint before reaching the bottom dead center, and the crank shaft 20 is rotated as the operation is continued.

In other words, the number of crank pins 22, 23 is one in the case of adopting the two-cylinder engine system, and two in the six-cylinder engine system, which is formed by a difference of 90 ° in the case of the four-cylinder engine system, and 60 ° in the case of the six-cylinder engine system. The three formed by the difference, the eight-cylinder engine system is formed by the difference of 45 ° by four.

The operation of the connecting rod 31 having one end coupled to the crank pins 22 and 23 of the crank shaft 20 and the piston 30 coupled to the other end of the connecting rod 31 is rotation of the crank shaft 20. The connecting rod 31 is pulled or pushed in correspondence with the positions of the crank pins 22 and 23 which are changed according to the operation, and the piston 30 moves the cylinders 13A and 13A 'according to the operation of the connecting rod 31. , 13B, 13B ') and the crank shaft 20 is rotated while reciprocating in the interior.

The open side of the cylinder 13A, 13A ', 13B, 13B' of the engine block 10 is provided with an air supply and exhaust block 40 having air supply holes 41 and exhaust holes 42, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 (a, b), the air supply hole 41 of the block 40 has the outlet hole H and the air supply hole 41 of the distributor 60 which will be described later. It is connected to the through, by which the working fluid is supplied to the air supply hole 41 of the supply and exhaust block 40 through the distribution line (L2) inside any one of the cylinder (13A, 13A ', 13B, 13B') Is supplied.

At this time, the distribution line (L2) is preferably composed of a tubule having a relatively small diameter compared to the exhaust line (L3) connected to the exhaust hole 42, which is preferably the volume of the working fluid present in the distribution line (L2) This is due to the reduction in operating efficiency.

In addition, the exhaust hole 42 of the supply / exhaust block 40 is formed to penetrate through the side surface of the installation hole 42A so that the valve unit 50 to be described later can be installed, that is, one end of the installation hole 42A. A protruding jaw 42A 'is formed along the circumference of the mounting hole 42A at the tip of the portion in contact with the cylinders 13A, 13A', 13B, 13B ', and the valve described later by the protruding jaw 42A'. The valve seat 52 of the unit 50 stays inside the installation hole 42A without being separated into the cylinders 13A, 13A ', 13B, and 13B'.

In addition, the cover 43 is installed on the open side of the mounting hole 42A located in the opposite direction of the protruding jaw 42A 'so that the valve unit 50 can be easily installed inside the mounting hole 42A. In addition, it should be easy to maintain and replace as necessary.

The valve unit 50 is installed inside the exhaust hole 42 which is connected to the inner space of the cylinders 13A, 13A ', 13B, and 13B', as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 (a, b). The unit 50 is opened and closed so that the interior spaces of the cylinders 13A, 13A ', 13B, and 13B' are selectively sealed. For this purpose, the valve unit 50 has a through hole (horizontal direction in the exhaust hole 42). A valve body 51 formed with 51A and a communication hole 51B for communicating the through hole 51A and the exhaust hole 42; A valve seat 52 installed in the through hole 51A of the valve body 51 to selectively open and close the through hole 51A; The valve seat 52 is formed of a spring S1 that elastically supports the valve seat 52 so that the valve seat 52 is opened by being spaced apart from the through hole 51A.

In this case, an installation hole 52B is formed in the center of the valve seat 52, and another spring S2 is fixed to the installation hole 52B as a contact member, and the edge of the valve seat 52 is formed along the circumference. It is formed to protrude outward, a plurality of through holes 52A are formed in the protruding portion at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and the working fluid inside the cylinder is discharged from the cylinder through the through holes 52A.

At this time, the contact member is installed to protrude toward the cylinder (13A, 13A ', 13B, 13B') relative to the surface of the valve seat 52, whereby the contact member before the piston 30 reaches the top dead center, the piston 30 ), The spring (S1) elastically supporting the valve seat 52 is compressed so that the valve seat 52 is in close contact with the through-hole 51A to block the discharge flow path.

In this way, the contact member in contact with the piston 30 is preferably composed of a spring (S2), thereby reducing the damage and wear due to repeated contact with the piston 30, and at the same time instantaneous contact with the piston 30 It can reduce the impact noise.

By the structure as described above, the valve seat 50 is maintained in a state in which the valve seat 52 is spaced apart from the through hole 51A of the valve body 51 by the elastic force of the spring S1. When the valve seat 52 comes into close contact with the through hole 51A by a piston approaching the point, and the working fluid is supplied into one of the cylinders 13A, 13A ', 13B, and 13B', the pressure of the working fluid As the spring S1 is compressed, the valve seat 52 is maintained in close contact with the through hole 51A. As a result, the inner space of the cylinders 13A, 13A ', 13B, and 13B' is sealed, resulting in a working fluid. The piston 30 is slid by the pressure of.

In the present invention, as described above, the valve unit 50 is installed in contact with the side of the cylinder, which minimizes the dead volume of the working fluid which does not contribute to the operation of the piston, that is, the volume to which the working fluid should be filled. To maximize the effective volume (effective volume), this arrangement increases the efficiency of the engine.

The supply flow rate of the working fluid supplied to the cylinders 13A, 13A ', 13B, and 13B', that is, the supply time, is automatically adjusted by the distributor 60 described later. That is, the working fluid is cut off after being supplied only for a predetermined time by the operation of the distributor 60, whereby the piston is operated by the pressure of the working fluid, and then the inside of the cylinders 13A, 13A ', 13B, and 13B'. The pressure is gradually lowered, and when the pressure inside the cylinders 13A, 13A ', 13B, 13B' becomes smaller than the elastic force of the spring S1, the pressure close to the through hole 51A by the elastic force of the spring S1. Since the valve seat 52 is spaced apart from the through hole 51A, the working fluid inside the cylinders 13A, 13A ', 13B, and 13B' is discharged through the exhaust hole 42 so that the engine uses all the expansion energy of the working fluid. The efficiency of is increased.

One end of the crankshaft 20 of the engine block 10 is coupled and rotated together by the rotational operation of the crankshaft 20 while the distributor 60 sequentially distributing the working fluid to each cylinder is illustrated in FIG. , b) to 11 (a, b), an arc-shaped distribution hole 61A, and one end of the crankshaft 20 through which the shaft coupling hole 61B and the distribution hole 61A are installed. A distribution plate 61 having a communication hole 61C communicating with the axial coupling hole 61B; A fixed cover 62 coupled to one side of the engine block 10 and having a distribution plate 61 rotatably installed; The inlet hole 63A and the cylinders 13A, 13A ', 13B' and 13B ', which are connected to the receiving part 63B and the air supply line L1, into which the distribution plate 61 is accommodated. Dispensing housing (63) is formed in the number of outflow holes (H) corresponding to the number of installation of the distribution housing (63) is coupled to the fixed cover 62 through the coupling member.

The distributor 60 as described above, the fixing cover 62 is installed so as to cover one side of the crank chamber 12 of the engine block 10, the shaft coupling portion 21 of the crank shaft 20 is fixed cover ( After passing through 62, the distribution plate 61 is rotated together by being coupled to the shaft coupling hole 61B of the distribution plate 61 installed in the receiving portion 63B by the rotation operation of the crank shaft 20.

At this time, a coupling hole 21A is formed in the axial coupling part 21 so that the working fluid supplied to the receiving part 63B through the inlet hole 63A is connected to the connection hole 21A, the communication hole 61C, and the distribution hole. After passing through (61A) in turn, the working fluid is introduced into the distribution line (L2) through any one of the outflow hole (H) which is selectively communicated with the distribution hole (61A) and then the supply of the supply and exhaust block 40 The pores 41 are supplied to the selected cylinders 13A, 13A ', 13B, 13B'.

On the other hand, the shaft fixing unit 70 is installed on the other open side of the crank chamber 12 of the present invention may be implemented in a structure that seals the crank chamber 12 together with the distribution unit 60, wherein the shaft fixing The unit 70 is preferably made of a structure that reduces the friction generated when the crankshaft 20 rotates, and is easy to supply oil.

As an example of such a structure, as shown in FIG. 10, the disk-shaped fixing plate 71, the oil supply plate 72, and the cover plate 73 may be sequentially assembled, and the fixing plate 71 may be assembled. And each of the oil supply plate 72 and the cover plate 73 are formed with shaft through holes 71A, 72A, 73A through which the crankshaft 20 is coupled.

In addition, oil supply grooves 72B and 73B are formed in the oil supply plate 72 and the cover plate 73, respectively, and oil is injected from the outside through the oil supply grooves 72B and 73B, and as a result, the crankshaft 20 Rotation operation is smooth.

On the other hand, the dispenser 60 and the shaft fixing unit 70 is preferably provided with a bearing unit (B) in order to reduce the damage caused by friction when coupled with the crank shaft 20 when the rotation operation.

According to the present invention having the structure as described above, when the working fluid is supplied through the air supply line (L1), the air supply hole 41 of the air supply and exhaust block 40 through any one of the distribution lines (L2) selected from the distributor (60). The working fluid is supplied to the crankshaft 20 while the piston 30 is slidably moved inside the cylinders 13A, 13A ', 13B, and 13B' by the working fluid. Rotational power is generated.

In addition, as the crank shaft 20 is rotated, the position of the dispensing hole 61A of the distributor 60 is also automatically changed, thereby communicating with any one of the outlet holes H of the plurality of outlet holes H. The working fluid is supplied to another supply / exhaust block 40 so that the piston 30 reciprocates and slides.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings prepared based on the four-cylinder engine method will be described in more detail an operation example of the engine according to the present invention.

<Operation example>

First, referring to FIG. 12, as shown in this figure, the distribution hole 61A and the outlet hole H1 communicate with each other and are opened, whereby the supply / exhaust block along the distribution line L2 connected to the outlet hole H1. As the working fluid is supplied to 40, the pressure inside the cylinder 13B is increased, and at this time, the valve seat 52 is maintained in a closed state, and as a result, the piston 30 is opposed by the pressure of the working fluid. Is moved in the direction.

When the piston 30 is moved as described above, the position of the piston 30 in the other cylinders 13A 'and 13B' is also moved while the crankshaft 20 is rotated.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 13, the communication between the distribution hole 61A and the outlet hole H1 is closed by the rotation operation of the crankshaft 20, and another outlet is corresponding to the extent to which the outlet hole H1 previously selected is closed. The ball H2 is opened, whereby the working fluid is supplied into the cylinder 13A 'through the distribution line L2 connected to the outlet hole H2, thereby sliding the piston 30 of the cylinder 13A'. It works.

By the above process, the crankshaft 20 is rotated by 90 °, and then another outflow corresponding to the degree of closing the communication between the distribution hole 61A and the outlet hole H2 as shown in FIG. 14 again. The crankshaft 20 is rotated at an angle of 90 ° again while the working fluid is supplied to the inside of another cylinder 13A along the distribution line L2 connected to the outlet hole H3, thus communicating with the ball H3. It works.

And as the crankshaft 20 is rotated, another outlet hole H4 is opened as much as the outlet hole H3 is closed again, thereby operating fluid along the distribution line L2 connected to the outlet hole H4. Is supplied to the inside of the cylinder 13B ', and the piston 30 is slid.

As the working fluid is sequentially supplied to each of the four cylinders 13A, 13A ', 13B, and 13B' by the above-described process, the internal piston 30 continuously and repeatedly slides and thereby the crank shaft 20. This rotational operation generates power.

As described above, the present invention has a structure in which the distributor for adjusting the supply timing of the working fluid is configured to operate in conjunction with the rotational operation of the crankshaft, so that the supply timing of the working fluid is precisely and accurately adjusted without providing a separate control means. As a result, the operation reliability of the engine is improved. In addition, since the valve unit is installed close to the side of the cylinder, the dead volume is reduced, and as a result, the efficiency of the engine is increased.

10: engine block 11: main body
11A: through hole 12: crankcase
13A, 13A ', 13B, 13B': Cylinder 14: Cover Plate
20: crankshaft 21: shaft coupling portion
21A: Connector 22, 23: Crank pin
30: piston 31: connecting rod
40: supply and exhaust block 41: supply air
42: exhaust hole 42A: mounting hole
42A ': Protruding jaw 43: Cover
50: valve unit 51: valve body
51A: Through Hole 51B: Communication Hole
52: valve seat 52A: through hole
52B: Installer 60: Splitter
61: Distribution Plate 61A: Distribution Hole
61B: Axial coupling hole 61C: Communication hole
62: fixing cover 63: dispensing housing
63A: Inlet hole 63B: Receptacle
70: shaft fixing unit 71: fixing plate
71A: Shaft through hole 72: Lubrication plate
72A: Shaft through hole 72B: Lubrication groove
73: cover plate 73A: shaft through hole
73B: Lubrication groove B: Bearing unit
H, H1, H2, H3, H4: Outflow hole L1: Air supply line
L2: Distribution Line L3: Exhaust Line
S1: spring S2: spring

Claims (5)

An engine block 10 formed therein such that the crank chamber 12 and the pair of cylinders 13A and 13B face each other;
A crank shaft 20 penetrated and installed in the crank chamber 12;
A piston (30) connected to the crankshaft (20) by a connecting rod (31) and installed inside each of the cylinders (13A, 13B) for reciprocating sliding to rotate the crankshaft (20);
An air supply / exhaust block 40 installed at the side of the engine block 10 and having air supply holes 41 and exhaust holes 42 formed therein so that a working fluid is supplied and exhausted into the cylinders 13A and 13B, respectively. )and;
A valve unit (50) installed in the exhaust hole (42) and opened and closed to control and exhaust the working fluid inside the cylinders (13A, 13B);
Coupled to the crankshaft 20 and rotated together with the crankshaft 20 to the respective air supply holes 41 through outlet holes H formed in the same number as the number of the cylinders 13A and 13B. Power generation engine, characterized in that consisting of a distributor (60) for distributing and supplying a working fluid.
The method according to claim 1,
The distributor 60 has a distribution hole 61A coupled to one end of the crankshaft 20 and selectively communicating with the outlet hole H by a rotational operation, wherein the distribution hole 61A is at least one. Power generation engine, characterized in that it is configured to always communicate with the two outlet holes (H).
The method according to claim 2,
The power distribution engine, characterized in that the distribution hole (61A) is formed in an arc shape.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The valve unit 50 includes a valve body 51 installed in the exhaust hole 42 and having a through hole 51A formed therein; A valve seat 52 for selectively opening and closing the through hole 51A; The engine for generating power, characterized in that it is provided between the valve body (51) and the valve seat (52) to elastically support so that the through hole (51A) is always open.
The method of claim 4,
The valve seat 52 is a power generating engine, characterized in that the contact member protruding into the cylinder (13A, 13B) is installed.

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