EP0793001B1 - Hypocycloid crankdrive for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Hypocycloid crankdrive for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0793001B1
EP0793001B1 EP96120583A EP96120583A EP0793001B1 EP 0793001 B1 EP0793001 B1 EP 0793001B1 EP 96120583 A EP96120583 A EP 96120583A EP 96120583 A EP96120583 A EP 96120583A EP 0793001 B1 EP0793001 B1 EP 0793001B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reciprocating
guide
shaft
crankshaft
eccentrics
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP96120583A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0793001A1 (en
Inventor
Gert Fischer
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication of EP0793001A1 publication Critical patent/EP0793001A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups
    • F01B9/02—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with crankshaft
    • F01B9/026—Rigid connections between piston and rod; Oscillating pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/24—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders arranged oppositely relative to main shaft and of "flat" type
    • F02B75/246—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders arranged oppositely relative to main shaft and of "flat" type with only one crankshaft of the "pancake" type, e.g. pairs of connecting rods attached to common crankshaft bearing

Definitions

  • An advantageous force support against the machine housing is e.g. known from DE-A 41 08 311 Watt's handlebar as a straight guide device of the hypocycloid crank gear, combined with the structural Advantage of the small space requirement due to being stored on the guide eccentric arranged paddock in the space of the crank mechanism, which is on the outside of the machine housing articulated swing arms is guided.
  • a drive connection of the first crankshaft 5 with oscillating in the same direction Push rods 8 for pistons 9 in cylinders 10 arranged diametrically in pairs, 10 'takes place via stroke eccentric or crank pin 11 of a combined stroke / guide shaft 12, which is in the crank webs 7 of the first crankshaft 5 off-center is pivoted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung geht gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 von der WO 92/17694 (= PCT/GR91/00004) aus.The invention is based on the preamble of claim 1 WO 92/17694 (= PCT / GR91 / 00004).

Aus diesem Dokument ist ein hypozykloidisches Kurbelgetriebe bekannt, bei dem ein zur Drehsteuerung der kombinierten Hub-/Führungswelle dienendes wellenfestes Element als ein zwischen Ausgleichsmassen der Hub-/Führungswelle angeordnetes Zahnrad gestaltet ist, das mit einem im Maschinengehäuse angeordneten Innenzahnkranz das bekannte Kardankreispaar zur Erzeugung orthogonaler, geradliniger Führungsbewegungen dient.From this document a hypocycloid crank gear is known in which a shaft-proof for rotating control of the combined lifting / guide shaft Element as a arranged between the balancing masses of the lifting / guide shaft Gear is designed with a arranged in the machine housing Internal gear rim the well-known pair of gimbals for the generation of orthogonal, straight lines Leadership movements.

Diese bekannte Anordnung des Zahnrades mit wenigstens an einer Ausgleichsmasse bündig anschlagender Stirnseite erfordert eine von der Hub-/Führungswelle gesonderte Anfertigung des Zahnrades, womit nachteiligerweise ein fertigungstechnischer Aufwand verbunden ist, der sich insbesondere bei einer mehrzylindrigen Hubkolbenmaschine mit einer notwendigerweise gebauten Hub-/Führungswelle zusätzlich erhöht.This known arrangement of the gear with at least one balancing mass flush face requires one from the lift / guide shaft separate manufacture of the gear, which is disadvantageous a manufacturing technology Effort is associated, in particular with a multi-cylinder Reciprocating machine with a necessary built lifting / guide shaft additionally increased.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, für eine kombinierte Hub-/Führungswelle des gattungsgemäßen hypozykloidischen Kurbelgetriebes ein wellenfestes Element der hypozykloidischen Geradführungseinrichtung aufzuzeigen, das eine einstückige Ausbildung der Hub-/Führungswelle erlaubt.The invention is based, for a combined lifting / guide shaft the task of the generic hypocycloid crank gear a shaft-proof To show the element of the hypocycloid straight guide device, that allows a one-piece design of the lifting / guide shaft.

Diese Aufgabe ist durch ein Kurbelgetriebe gemäß dem Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a crank mechanism according to claim 1.

Ein anstelle des bekannten Führungs-Zahnrades verwendeter, per se z.B. aus der FR-PS 1 003 222 für ein gattungsfremdes hypozykloidisches Kurbelgetriebe bekannter Führungsexzenter erlaubt in vorteilhafter Weise die einstückige Ausbildung der kombinierten Hub-/Führungswelle.A used instead of the known guide gear, per se e.g. from the FR-PS 1 003 222 for a non-generic hypocycloid crank gear known Guide eccentric advantageously allows one-piece training the combined lift / guide shaft.

Der erfindungsgemäß angeordnete Führungsexzenter erlaubt im Zusammenwirken mit einem im/am Maschinengehäuse beweglich geführten Geradführungselement eine vorteilhaft unmittelbare Abstützung am Führungsexzenter wirkender Kräfte, wie beispielsweise Gaskräfte bei einer Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine, gegen am Maschinengehäuse ausgebildeter oder angeordneter Führungsflächen.The guide eccentric arranged according to the invention allows interaction with a straight guide element that is movably guided in / on the machine housing advantageous direct support of forces acting on the guide eccentric, such as gas forces in a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, against am Machine housing of trained or arranged guide surfaces.

Eine vorteilhafte Kräfteabstützung gegen das Maschinengehäuse ist mit einem z.B. aus der DE-A 41 08 311 bekannten Watt'schen Lenker als Geradführungseinrichtung des hypozykloidischen Kurbelgetriebes erzielt, verbunden mit dem baulichen Vorteil des geringen Platzbedarfes durch die auf dem Führungsexzenter gelagert angeordnete Koppel im Bauraum des Kurbelgetriebes, die über außen am Maschinengehäuse angelenkte Schwingarme geführt ist.An advantageous force support against the machine housing is e.g. known from DE-A 41 08 311 Watt's handlebar as a straight guide device of the hypocycloid crank gear, combined with the structural Advantage of the small space requirement due to being stored on the guide eccentric arranged paddock in the space of the crank mechanism, which is on the outside of the machine housing articulated swing arms is guided.

Diese mit dem Watt'schen Lenker vorteilhafte Kräfteabstützung führt bei einer mehrzylindrigen Hubkolbenmaschine mit auf der Hub-/Führungswelle axial gegenseitig beabstandet angeordneten Schubstangen-/Hubexzentem zu einem vorteilhaft geringen Bauaufwand des hypozykloidischen Kurbelgetriebes dadurch, daß ein einziger Watt'scher Lenker mit einem zwischen den Hubexzentem im wesentlichen mittig angeordneten Führungsexzenter zusammenwirkend vorgesehen ist, wie dies per se für ein gattungsfremdes hypozykloidisches Getriebe in den nach dem Prioritätsdatum veröffentlichte DE-Anmeldungen 195 04 890 und 195 09 155 vorgeschlagen wurde. This advantageous power support with the Watt handlebar leads to one Multi-cylinder reciprocating machine with axially on the stroke / guide shaft spaced push rod / stroke eccentric to an advantageous low construction cost of the hypocycloidal crank mechanism in that a single Watt handlebar with one between the stroke eccentrics essentially centrally arranged guide eccentric is provided interacting, like this per se for a non-generic hypocycloidal gear in the DE applications published after the priority date 195 04 890 and 195 09 155 was proposed.

Die vorbeschriebene Mitten-Anordnung des Watt'schen Lenkers ist besonders vorteilhaft für eine mehrzylindrige Hubkolbenmaschine mit auf der Hub-/Führungswelle angeordnete Hubexzenter für gleichsinnig oszillierende Schubstangen von Kolben in beiderseits der Kurbelwelle angeordneten Zylinderpaaren. Um hierbei ein Klemmen der orthogonal zu den Schubstangen geführten Koppel des Watt'schen Lenkers über den gesamten Führungshub sicher zu vermeiden, stehen die Schwingarme zumindest in den maschinengehäuseseitigen Anlenkstellen mit dreh- und fixierbar ausgebildeten Einstell-Exzentem als Mittel zum Ausgleich von Maßtoleranzen in Verbindung, wie dies in der bereits genannten Anmeldung DE-P 195 04 890 vorgeschlagen und näher beschrieben wurde.The center arrangement of the Watt handlebar described above is special advantageous for a multi-cylinder reciprocating machine with on the stroke / guide shaft arranged lifting eccentric for push rods that oscillate in the same direction of pistons in cylinder pairs arranged on both sides of the crankshaft. In order to clamp the coupling that is orthogonal to the push rods avoiding the Watt's handlebar over the entire guide stroke, the swing arms are at least in the machine housing-side articulation points with rotatable and fixable adjustment eccentrics as a means of compensation of dimensional tolerances in connection, as in the aforementioned application DE-P 195 04 890 has been proposed and described in more detail.

Eine bezüglich Festigkeit und Massenausgleich günstige Gestaltung der Hub-/Führungswelle sieht vor, diese als mehrfach gekröpfte Nebenkurbelwelle auszubilden, wobei Hubexzenter und Führungsexzenter jeweils als Zapfen von festigkeitsmäßig leistungsbezogenen Durchmessem ausgeführt sind. Diese über endseitige Lagerzapfen in Ausnehmungen der synchron drehverbundenen Kurbelwangen der Hauptkurbelwelle drehgelagert Nebenkurbelwelle ist in vorteilhafter Weise einstückig ausgestaltet bzw. hergestellt. Diese so gestaltete und als in beiden Enden abgestützter Biegebalken betrachtete Nebenkurbelwelle weist im Bereich des maximalen Biegemomentes den als Zapfen gestalteten Führungsexzenter auf, der mit seiner durch diese Dimensionierung gegebenen Masse und den anteiligen Wangenmassen einen vorteilhaft angenäherten Massenausgleich zu den diametral angeordneten, kleiner dimensionierten Hubexzenter-Zapfen mit anteiligen Wangenmassen um die Drehachse er Nebenkurbelwelle ergibtA design of the lifting / guide shaft that is favorable in terms of strength and mass balance provides for this to be designed as a multi-cranked secondary crankshaft, stroke eccentric and guide eccentric each as a tenon of strength performance-related diameters. This over end Bearing journals in recesses of the synchronously rotationally connected crank arms the main crankshaft is rotatably supported secondary crankshaft is advantageous Configured or manufactured in one piece. This designed and as in both The side crankshaft considered at the ends of the supported bending beam points in the area of the maximum bending moment, the guide eccentric designed as a pin on, with its mass given by this dimensioning and the Proportional cheek masses an advantageously approximated mass balance the diametrically arranged, smaller-sized stroke eccentric pin with proportional Cheek masses around the axis of rotation he gives crankshaft

Eine mit am Außenumfang der Kurbelwangen vorgesehene Verzahnung zusammenwirkende Getriebewelle eignet sich vorteilhaft für eine Übersetzung ins Schnelle. Eine mit auf den Wellenzapfen er Hauptkurbelwelle gesonderten Getrieberädem zusammenwirkende Getriebewelle ist vorteilhaft für eine Übersetzung ins Langsame. In jedem der Fälle kann die eweilige Getriebewelle zusätzlich dem Antrieb eines maschineneigenen und/oder maschinenfemen Aggregates dienen.A cooperating with teeth provided on the outer periphery of the crank webs Gear shaft is advantageous for a translation into Fast. One with separate gear wheels on the shaft journal of the main crankshaft cooperating gear shaft is advantageous for a translation slow. In each of the cases, the eternal transmission shaft can also do that Serve drive a machine's own and / or machine-remote unit.

Vorzugsweise ist jede der Getriebewellen im Maschinengehäuse in einem von den Schwingarmen des Watt'schen Lenkers freien Bereich angeordnet, vorteilhafterweise seitlich der Bewegungsbahn der Koppel, so daß die Getriebewelle innerhalb der Gehäusekontur verbleibt.Preferably, each of the gear shafts in the machine housing is in one of the Swing arms of the Watt's handlebar arranged free area, advantageously to the side of the movement path of the paddock, so that the gear shaft inside the housing contour remains.

Die Erfindung ist anhand eines in der Zeichnung schematisch in Perspektive dargestellten Beispiels beschrieben.The invention is shown schematically in perspective in the drawing Example described.

Eine in der einzigen Zeichnung abschnittsweise schematisch dargestellte, vorzugsweise als Brennkraftmaschine dienende Hubkolbenmaschine 1 ist mit einem hypozykloidischen Kurbelgetriebe 2 ausgerüstet. Das Kurbelgetriebe 2 umfaßt eine im Maschinengehäuse 3 über Wellenzapfen 4 gelagerte erste Kurbelwelle 5 mit über eine Getriebewelle 6 synchron drehverbundenen Kurbelwangen 7.One shown schematically in sections in the single drawing, preferably Serving as an internal combustion engine piston engine 1 is with a hypocycloidal crank gear 2 equipped. The crank mechanism 2 includes one first crankshaft 5 supported in the machine housing 3 via shaft journals 4 via a gear shaft 6 synchronously rotationally connected crank webs 7.

Eine Antriebsverbindung der ersten Kurbelwelle 5 mit gleichgerichtet oszillierenden Schubstangen 8 für Kolben 9 in paarweise diametral angeordneten Zylindern 10, 10' erfolgt über Hubexzenter bzw. Hubzapfen 11 einer kombinierten Hub-/Führungswelle 12, die in den Kurbelwangen 7 der ersten Kurbelwelle 5 außermittig drehgelagert ist.A drive connection of the first crankshaft 5 with oscillating in the same direction Push rods 8 for pistons 9 in cylinders 10 arranged diametrically in pairs, 10 'takes place via stroke eccentric or crank pin 11 of a combined stroke / guide shaft 12, which is in the crank webs 7 of the first crankshaft 5 off-center is pivoted.

Erfindungsgemäß sind die beiden Hubexzenter bzw. Hubzapfen 11 der Hub-/Führungswelle 12 miteinander über einen mit einer hypozykloidischen Geradführungseinrichtung 13 zusammenwirkenden Führungsexzenter bzw. Führungszapfen 14 drehfest verbunden. Die Geradführungseinrichtung 13 umfaßt vorzugsweise ein zu den oszillierenden Schubstangen 8 orthogonal gerichtet am Maschinengehäuse 3 beweglich geführtes Geradführungselement 15, das als eine über am Maschinengehäuse 3 angelenkte Schwingarme 16 geführte Koppel eines Watt'schen Lenkers 17 gestaltet ist. Vorzugsweise ist zwischen den axial beabstandeten Hubexzentern bzw. Hubzapfen 11 die Hub-/Führungswelle 12 mittig mit einem Führungsexzenter bzw. Führungszapfen 14 für einen einzigen Watt'schen Lenker 17 zwischen den Schubstangen 8 ausgerüstet. Damit ist eine hinsichtlich der Festigkeit bei kleinem Platzbedarf vorteilhafte Geradführungseinrichtung 13 erzielt, die zudem bei einfacher Montage einen von außen zugängliche Einstellung ermöglicht. According to the two stroke eccentric or crank pin 11 of the lifting / guide shaft 12 with one another with a hypocycloid straight-line device 13 interacting guide eccentrics or guide pins 14 rotatably connected. The straight guide device 13 preferably comprises a to the oscillating push rods 8 directed orthogonally on the machine housing 3 movably guided straight guide element 15, which as a on the machine housing 3 articulated swing arms 16 guided coupling one Watt's handlebar 17 is designed. Is preferably between the axially spaced Stroke eccentrics or crank pin 11, the stroke / guide shaft 12 in the middle with a guide eccentric or guide pin 14 for a single Watt's handlebar 17 equipped between the push rods 8. So that's one straight guide device advantageous in terms of strength in a small space 13 achieved, which is also accessible from the outside with simple installation Setting enables.

Diese Einstellung ist nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beispielsweise dadurch erreicht, daß zumindest maschinengehäuseseitige Anlenkstellen 18 der Schwingarme 16 des mittig zwischen den Schubstangen 8 vorgesehenen Watt'schen Lenkers 17 mit dreh- und fixierbar ausgebildeten Einstell-Exzentern 19 als Mittel zum Ausgleich von Maßtoleranzen ausgerüstet sind.According to one embodiment of the invention, this setting is for example achieved that at least the machine housing-side articulation points 18 of the Swing arms 16 provided in the middle between the push rods 8 Watt's handlebar 17 with rotatable and fixable adjustment eccentrics 19 are equipped as a means of compensating for dimensional tolerances.

Zur Erzielung einer biegesteifen Hub-/Führungswelle 12 sind die Hubexzenter 11 und der Führungsexzenter 14 jeweils als Zapfen einer mehrfach gekröpften, einstückigen Nebenkurbelwelle 20 gestaltet, die über einstückig angeformte Lagerzapfen 21 in exzentrisch angeordneten Ausnehmungen 22 der Kurbelwangen 7 der Hauptkurbelwelle 5 drehgelagert ist.The lifting eccentrics 11 are used to achieve a rigid lifting / guide shaft 12 and the guide eccentric 14 as a pin of a multi-cranked, one-piece Secondary crankshaft 20 designed, which is integrally formed on bearing journals 21 in eccentrically arranged recesses 22 of the crank webs 7 the main crankshaft 5 is rotatably supported.

Aus der Zeichnung geht weiter hervor, daß die Kurbelwangen 7 der Hauptkurbelwelle 5 am jeweiligen Außenumfang mit Verzahnungen 23 versehen sind zum Eingriff in Getrieberäder 24 auf der Getriebewelle 6. Die seitlich der orthogonalen Bewegungsbahn der Koppel 15 im Maschinengehäuse 3 angeordnete Getriebewelle 6 ist in der aufgezeigten Anordnung ins Schnelle übersetzt. Sie kann dem Antrieb eines maschinenexternen oder maschineninternen Nebenaggregates dienen.From the drawing it can further be seen that the crank webs 7 of the main crankshaft 5 are provided with toothings 23 on the respective outer circumference for engagement in gear wheels 24 on the gear shaft 6. The gear shaft 6 arranged laterally in the orthogonal path of the coupling 15 in the machine housing 3 is shown in FIG Order translated quickly. It can be used to drive an auxiliary unit external to the machine or internal to the machine.

Dagegen nicht dargestellt ist eine untersetzte bzw. ins Langsame übersetzte Getriebewelle mit im Durchmesser großen Getrieberädern, die mit relativ kleineren Getrieberädern auf den Wellenzapfen 4 der Hauptkurbelwelle 5 kämmen.On the other hand, a gear shaft that is geared down or geared down is not shown with gear wheels of large diameter, those with relatively smaller ones Combing gear wheels on the shaft journal 4 of the main crankshaft 5.

Claims (9)

  1. A hypocycloid crank gear for a multi-cylinder reciprocating engine, especially an internal combustion engine,
    comprising a crankshaft (5) made up of parts (7, 7, 6, 12) co-operating with one another in rotation,
    the crankshaft comprising crank webs (7) mounted for rotation and diametrically spaced in an engine casing (3) and synchronised in rotation via a gear shaft (6), with aligned recesses (22) eccentrically disposed relative to the axis (4') of rotation of crank-web shaft journals (4),
    a reciprocating and guide shaft (12) of use as an auxiliary crankshaft (20) via reciprocating journal pins (21) is rotatably mounted in the recesses (22) via reciprocating eccentrics (11), so that
    the reciprocating eccentrics (11) co-operating with piston connecting rods (8) of axially spaced diametrically disposed pairs of cylinders (10, 10') are moved in oscillation in a plane of the axis of rotation (4') by a hypocycloid straight-line motion device (13) co-operating with the reciprocating and guide shaft (12),
    characterised in that
    the reciprocating and guide shaft (12) or auxiliary crankshaft (20) has a guide eccentric (14) disposed centrally between the reciprocating eccentrics (11) and fixed on the shaft diametrically with respect thereto,
    the eccentric (14) co-operating with an element (15), guided for movement in or on the engine casing (3) at right angles to the oscillating connecting rods (8), of a single hypocycloid straight-line motion device (13) disposed between pairs of cylinders (10, 10; 10' 10').
  2. A crank gear according to claim 1, characterised in that the hypocycloid straight-line motion device (13) is a Watt's guide (17) comprising a straight line motion element (15) in the form of couplers guided on swing arms (16) pivoted to the engine casing (3) and mounted on the guide eccentric (14).
  3. A crank gear according to claim 1, characterised in that the straight-line motion element is a sliding block guided on the casing or a rolling bearing guided on the casing.
  4. A crank gear according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that
    the reciprocating and guide shaft (12) comprises reciprocating eccentrics (11) disposed diametrically relative to the guide eccentric (12), for connecting rods (8) of pistons (9) oscillating in the same direction in a single plane of the axis (4') of rotation in pairs of cylinders (10, 10; 10', 10') disposed on both sides of the crankshaft (5).
  5. A crank gear according to claim 2 or claim 4, characterised in that coupling places (18), at least on the machine casing side, of the swing arms (16) of the Watt's guide (17) provided between the connecting rods (8) are equipped with means for compensating dimensional tolerances and in the form of rotatable and fixable adjusting eccentrics (9).
  6. A crank gear according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the reciprocating eccentrics (11) and the guide eccentrics (14) are each in the form of journals of a multi-cranked reciprocating and guide shaft (12) serving as an auxiliary crankshaft (20).
  7. A crank gear according to claim 6, characterised in that the auxiliary crankshaft (20) is in one piece.
  8. A crank gear according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the webs (7) of the main crankshaft (5) are provided with teeth (23) on their respective outer peripheries for engagement in gearwheels (24) on the gear shaft (6).
  9. A crank gear according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that first gearwheels are mounted on each journal (4) of the main crankshaft (5) for engagement in second gearwheels on the gear shaft (6).
EP96120583A 1996-03-01 1996-12-20 Hypocycloid crankdrive for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0793001B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19607920 1996-03-01
DE19607920A DE19607920A1 (en) 1996-03-01 1996-03-01 Hypocycloidal crank mechanism for reciprocating piston machines, in particular internal combustion engines

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0793001A1 EP0793001A1 (en) 1997-09-03
EP0793001B1 true EP0793001B1 (en) 2001-10-31

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EP96120583A Expired - Lifetime EP0793001B1 (en) 1996-03-01 1996-12-20 Hypocycloid crankdrive for an internal combustion engine

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US (1) US5727513A (en)
EP (1) EP0793001B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4017206B2 (en)
DE (2) DE19607920A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2164824T3 (en)

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JP4017206B2 (en) 2007-12-05
ES2164824T3 (en) 2002-03-01
DE59608066D1 (en) 2001-12-06
EP0793001A1 (en) 1997-09-03
DE19607920A1 (en) 1997-09-04
US5727513A (en) 1998-03-17
JPH09242559A (en) 1997-09-16

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