EP0792988A1 - Door hinge - Google Patents
Door hinge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0792988A1 EP0792988A1 EP97103341A EP97103341A EP0792988A1 EP 0792988 A1 EP0792988 A1 EP 0792988A1 EP 97103341 A EP97103341 A EP 97103341A EP 97103341 A EP97103341 A EP 97103341A EP 0792988 A1 EP0792988 A1 EP 0792988A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pin
- door
- sleeve
- door leaf
- hinge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
- E05D11/0018—Anti-tamper devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D7/00—Hinges or pivots of special construction
- E05D7/04—Hinges adjustable relative to the wing or the frame
- E05D7/043—Hinges adjustable relative to the wing or the frame by means of dowel attachments
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D7/00—Hinges or pivots of special construction
- E05D7/04—Hinges adjustable relative to the wing or the frame
- E05D7/043—Hinges adjustable relative to the wing or the frame by means of dowel attachments
- E05D2007/0446—Hinges adjustable relative to the wing or the frame by means of dowel attachments with threaded bolts fixedly mounted on the hinge part
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2600/00—Mounting or coupling arrangements for elements provided for in this subclass
- E05Y2600/60—Mounting or coupling members; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2600/61—Threaded members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2600/00—Mounting or coupling arrangements for elements provided for in this subclass
- E05Y2600/60—Mounting or coupling members; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2600/62—Bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2600/00—Mounting or coupling arrangements for elements provided for in this subclass
- E05Y2600/60—Mounting or coupling members; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2600/63—Retainers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
- E05Y2800/26—Form or shape
- E05Y2800/29—Form or shape forming a unitary piece with another element
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/132—Doors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a door hinge with a wing part and a frame part which can be pivoted relative to one another by a hinge pin, the wing part being provided with an insertion pin for fastening to a door leaf.
- Such door hinges are used for the pivotable attachment of a door leaf to a door frame.
- the wing part is provided with an insertion pin which is fastened in a recess or hole in the door wing.
- the frame part is fixed to a receptacle attached to the door frame.
- Frame part and wing part are connected with a hinge pin, at least one of the parts being rotatable about the hinge pin. Because of this mounting, it is possible to pivot the door leaf in relation to the door frame around the hinge pin.
- the invention has for its object to develop the generic hinge such that a door equipped with it is better secured against burglary.
- a pin sleeve which can be attached in the door leaf, the insertion pin can be inserted into the pin sleeve, the insertion pin at its end facing away from the hinge pin, a thread has, which can be screwed into a counter-thread of the pin sleeve and the pin sleeve surrounds the insertion pin in a section which is arranged between the screw connection and its end facing the hinge pin, spaced apart by a radially circumferential space.
- the main idea of the invention is to insert a sleeve into the door leaf, into which the insertion pin for connecting the door leaf and the leaf part is inserted in the axial direction at the end.
- a hole is preferably made from the edge in the door leaf, into which the pin sleeve is inserted and in which it is fixed.
- the peg sleeve is therefore expediently sunk in the door leaf or at least flush with its edge.
- the insertion pin has a thread, preferably an external thread, which can be screwed into a corresponding mating thread of the pin sleeve.
- the door hinge is preferably fixed to the door leaf in such a way that the pin sleeve is fastened in the door leaf, the insertion pin is pushed into it at the end and both are subsequently screwed together in their threads.
- the threads are expediently limited to end sections of the insertion pin and the pin sleeve, although a thread along the entire length of at least one of the components is also conceivable.
- the pin sleeve surrounds the insertion pin in a section at a distance, that is to say the area inside the pin sleeve is larger in some areas than the outside diameter of the insertion pin. Both the inside diameter of the sleeve and the diameter of the pin can vary.
- the section in which the two components are spaced apart is arranged between the screw connection and that end of the sleeve and insertion pin which faces the hinge pin.
- the insertion pin preferably runs freely along the entire area between the hinge pin and the screw connection within the pin sleeve, that is to say without mechanical contact with its walls.
- the hinge pin is located on the inside of the door, i.e. the side that is to be protected from unauthorized access.
- the insertion pin is subjected to tension and bending.
- the insertion pin can easily deform and in particular bend due to its dimensions in the pin sleeve, whereby energy is absorbed, so that the load on the door leaf and the screw connection is reduced. Further safeguards, such as back-up safeguards or the like, are normally not required in the door hinge according to the invention.
- the pin sleeve which is preferably made of rigid material, causes a large distribution of forces occurring in the door leaf, since its outer surface is significantly larger than the screw connection to the insertion pin. In particular with a brittle material of the door leaf, such as wood, the breaking out under high force loads is avoided.
- the wing part is provided with at least two insertion pins, which are each fixed with a pin sleeve in the door wing.
- the wing part expediently consists of several elements, each with an insertion pin, which is screwed individually into the pin sleeves and subsequently connected to one another.
- the increased number of insertion pins results in a better force distribution, so that the load-bearing capacity of the connection to the door leaf increases and the wing part cannot break out.
- two insertion pins on the wing part an advantageous symmetrical structure is created.
- the elements of the wing part fastened to the individual insertion pins are preferably connected by the hinge pin.
- the hinge pin can be fixed to the other parts of the door hinge, for example, by screwing to an end part at the end.
- the function of the insertion pins as burglar protection is based on their elastic deformation under tensile and bending loads.
- the length of the section on which the insertion pin is spaced from the sleeve is as large as possible. This increases the resistance to forces exerted by the outer surface of the door leaf.
- the length of the section preferably exceeds the length of the screw connection.
- the length of the section is more than half the total length of the insertion pin, for example between 50 and 70%.
- the maximum length component results, among other things, from the necessary length of the screw connection between the insertion pin and the pin sleeve, which is to be selected according to the forces to be absorbed. It is also advantageous if the length of the insertion pin is large compared to the diameter of the door leaf and preferably exceeds it by a multiple. Likewise, the insertion pins can be longer than the hinge pin of the wing part.
- Doors usually open when closed into a recess in the frame. It is therefore necessary that their pivot axis determined by the arrangement of the hinge pin is located near an edge of the door leaf and not in the center of its edge. If the insertion pins are aligned parallel to the door surface, they run a short distance below the surface of the door leaf, so that there is a risk of breaking out under load. To avoid this, it is proposed to align the pin sleeves and thus the insertion pins at an angle with the plane of the door leaf. Preferred angles are about 5 to 10 degrees. It can thus be achieved that the pin sleeves and insertion pins extend from an edge of the door leaf to its vertical center plane or through it. As a result, the load capacity of the connection increases considerably.
- the diameter of the end section of the insertion pin facing the hinge pin is approximately equal to the inside diameter of the adjacent area of the cylinder sleeve.
- the end section is located outside the cylinder sleeve or, if there is sufficient play, extends into it in a narrow area.
- the width of an engaging area is to be selected such that elastic deformations of the section of the insertion pin spaced from the cylinder sleeve are not impaired.
- the end section closes the opening of the cylinder sleeve in an advantageous manner and increases the load capacity of the connection with the other elements of the wing part. Also avoids the end section when it comes into contact with the pivot sleeve undesirable vibrations of the door leaf under everyday loads.
- pivot sleeves can be glued into the door leaf. It is fundamentally conceivable that the mortise and tenon sleeves are only glued to the door leaf after they have been screwed to the insertion pins, which may result in an inseparable connection.
- the pin sleeves are closed at their ends inserted into the door leaf by means of a cover cap. This prevents on the one hand that adhesive penetrates into the pin sleeves; furthermore, with a sufficient quantity, there is a largely uniform distribution of the adhesive present in the cylindrical bores over the outer peripheral surface of the journal sleeves.
- the cover cap Since the cover cap has no further function apart from its cover function, it can be produced in a simple manner from plastic.
- the door hinge according to the invention is used for the pivotable attachment of a door leaf (1) to a door frame (2).
- a receptacle (3) is firmly attached to the door frame (2).
- the receptacle (3) has a fastening plate (4) which is screwed onto the door frame (2) by means of screw connections (5).
- a cylinder sleeve (6) is provided on the fastening plate (4), which is fixedly connected to the fastening plate (4) or is formed in one piece with the fastening plate (4).
- An internally threaded section (7) is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve (6).
- Cylindrical bores (8) are formed in the door leaf (1), which are arranged parallel to one another and with the same length at a vertical distance from one another.
- a pin sleeve (9) is arranged in each of the cylindrical bores (8).
- the pin sleeve (9) has at its inner end arranged in the door leaf (1) an made of plastic Cover cap (10).
- the pin sleeve (9) is fastened by means of adhesive within the cylindrical bore (8) in the door leaf (1).
- the cover cap (10) at the inside of the door leaf (12) arranged end of the pin sleeve (9) serves to prevent adhesive that is introduced into the cylindrical bore (8) before the pin sleeve (9) is inserted into the Pen sleeve (9) penetrates. This results in a more or less uniform distribution of the adhesive on the outer peripheral surface of the pin sleeve (9) and thus a uniform attachment of the pin sleeve (9) within the cylindrical bore (8) in the door leaf (1).
- the pin sleeve (9) has an internal thread (11) in the area of its end arranged inside the door leaf (1), to which a further section (12) of the pin sleeve (9) is connected.
- the further section (12) of the pin sleeve (9) has a larger inner diameter than the internal thread (11).
- insertion pins (13) of a wing part (14) of the door hinge are arranged.
- the wing part (14) also has a hinge pin (15) which connects the two insertion pins (13) to one another at one end.
- Each insertion pin (13) has an external thread (16) at its end arranged in the assembled state inside the door leaf (1), by means of which the insertion pin (13) can be screwed into the internal thread (11) of the pin sleeve (9).
- a longitudinal section (17) of the insertion pin (13) adjoins its external thread (16), on which the outside diameter of the insertion pin (13) is smaller than the inside diameter of the pin sleeve (9) in the region of the section (12).
- the insertion pin (13) has an end section (18) at which its outside diameter corresponds approximately to the inside diameter of the pin sleeve (9).
- the upper and lower end sections (19, 20) of the wing part (14) have a larger diameter than the hinge pin (15) and are fixedly connected to the insertion pins (13) or formed integrally with the insertion pins (13). Between the two end sections (19, 20) extends a receiving section (21) of the hinge pin (15) with a smaller diameter, around which a cylinder sleeve (22) of a frame part (23) can be rotated, the outside diameter of which corresponds to the outside diameter of the end sections (19, 20) corresponds to the wing part (14).
- the frame part (23) has an external thread section (24) protruding at right angles from the cylinder sleeve (22), which can be screwed into the cylinder sleeve (6) of the receptacle (3) arranged on the door frame (2). Due to the circumferentially rotatable arrangement of the cylinder sleeve (22) of the frame part (23) on the hinge pin (15) of the wing part (14) attached to the door leaf (1), the door leaf (1) is in relation to the Door frame (2) can be pivoted around the hinge pin (15).
- the door leaf (1) If an attempt is made to break in, the door leaf (1) is loaded from the outer surface. With this load, the insertion pins (13) are subjected to tension and bending. You can deform slightly in the elastic area within the pin sleeves (9). This absorbs energy that is not available as a load for the door leaf (1) and the leaf part (14). In the case of elastic deformation, the end section (18), which is not completely surrounded by the cylindrical bore (8) in the door leaf (1), can be in contact with the longitudinal section (17) of the insertion pin, on which it has a smaller outside diameter than the inside diameter of the pin sleeve (9) has to deform.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Hinges (AREA)
- Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Türband mit einem Flügelteil und einem Rahmenteil, die um einen Scharnierstift gegeneinander verschwenkbar sind, wobei das Flügelteil mit einem Einführzapfen zur Befestigung an einem Türflügel versehen ist.The invention relates to a door hinge with a wing part and a frame part which can be pivoted relative to one another by a hinge pin, the wing part being provided with an insertion pin for fastening to a door leaf.
Derartige Türbänder dienen zur verschwenkbaren Anbringung eines Türflügels an einem Türrahmen. Hierzu ist das Flügelteil mit einem Einführzapfen versehen, der in einer Aussparung oder Bohrung am Türflügel befestigt wird. Das Rahmenteil ist an einer am Türrahmen angebrachten Aufnahme fixiert. Rahmenteil und Flügelteil sind mit einem Scharnierstift verbunden, wobei zumindest eines der Teile um den Scharnierstift drehbar ist. Aufgrund dieser Lagerung ist es möglich, den Türflügel in Bezug auf den Türrahmen um den Scharnierstift zu verschwenken.Such door hinges are used for the pivotable attachment of a door leaf to a door frame. For this purpose, the wing part is provided with an insertion pin which is fastened in a recess or hole in the door wing. The frame part is fixed to a receptacle attached to the door frame. Frame part and wing part are connected with a hinge pin, at least one of the parts being rotatable about the hinge pin. Because of this mounting, it is possible to pivot the door leaf in relation to the door frame around the hinge pin.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das gattungsgemäße Türband derart weiterzubilden, daß eine mit ihm ausgerüstete Tür besser gegen Einbruch gesichert ist.The invention has for its object to develop the generic hinge such that a door equipped with it is better secured against burglary.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß eine Zapfenhülse vorhanden ist, die im Türflügel anbringbar ist, der Einführzapfen in die Zapfenhülse einschiebbar ist, der Einführzapfen an seinem vom Scharnierstift abgewandten Ende ein Gewinde aufweist, das in ein Gegengewinde der Zapfenhülse einschraubbar ist und die Zapfenhülse den Einführzapfen in einem Abschnitt, der zwischen der Verschraubung und ihrem dem Scharnierstift zugewandten Ende angeordnet ist, durch einen radial umlaufenden Zwischenraum beabstandet umgreift.This object is achieved in that a pin sleeve is present which can be attached in the door leaf, the insertion pin can be inserted into the pin sleeve, the insertion pin at its end facing away from the hinge pin, a thread has, which can be screwed into a counter-thread of the pin sleeve and the pin sleeve surrounds the insertion pin in a section which is arranged between the screw connection and its end facing the hinge pin, spaced apart by a radially circumferential space.
Der Kerngedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, eine Hülse in den Türflügel einzubringen, in die der Einführzapfen zur Verbindung von Türflügel und Flügelteil endseitig in axialer Richtung eingeführt wird. Dazu wird bevorzugt eine Bohrung vom Rand her in den Türflügel eingebracht, in welche die Zapfenhülse eingeschoben und in der sie festgelegt wird. Zweckmäßig ist die Zapfenhülse somit im Türflügel versenkt oder schließt zumindest bündig mit seinem Rand ab. Der Einführzapfen weist an seinem vom Scharnierstift abgewandten Ende ein Gewinde auf, vorzugsweise ein Außengewinde, das sich in ein entsprechendes Gegengewinde der Zapfenhülse einschrauben läßt. Im Ergebnis erfolgt die Fixierung des Türbandes am Türflügel somit bevorzugt in der Weise, daß die Zapfenhülse im Türflügel befestigt wird, der Einführzapfen endseitig in sie eingeschoben wird und beide nachfolgend miteinander in ihren Gewinden verschraubt werden. Mit dem Ziel einer einfachen und preiswerten Fertigung beschränken sich die Gewinde zweckmäßig jeweils auf endseitige Abschnitte von Einführzapfen und Zapfenhülse, obwohl auch ein Gewinde entlang der gesamten Länge von zumindest einem der Bauteile denkbar ist.The main idea of the invention is to insert a sleeve into the door leaf, into which the insertion pin for connecting the door leaf and the leaf part is inserted in the axial direction at the end. For this purpose, a hole is preferably made from the edge in the door leaf, into which the pin sleeve is inserted and in which it is fixed. The peg sleeve is therefore expediently sunk in the door leaf or at least flush with its edge. At its end facing away from the hinge pin, the insertion pin has a thread, preferably an external thread, which can be screwed into a corresponding mating thread of the pin sleeve. As a result, the door hinge is preferably fixed to the door leaf in such a way that the pin sleeve is fastened in the door leaf, the insertion pin is pushed into it at the end and both are subsequently screwed together in their threads. With the aim of simple and inexpensive production, the threads are expediently limited to end sections of the insertion pin and the pin sleeve, although a thread along the entire length of at least one of the components is also conceivable.
Weiterhin ist es von entscheidender Bedeutung, daß die Zapfenhülse den Einführzapfen in einem Abschnitt beabstandet umgreift, also der Innendurchmesser der Zapfenhülse bereichsweise größer als der Außendurchmesser des Einführzapfens ist. Dabei kann sowohl der Innendurchmesser der Hülse als auch der Durchmesser des Zapfens variieren. Der Abschnitt, in dem beide Bauelemente voneinander beabstandet sind, ist zwischen der Verschraubung und demjenigen Ende von Hülse und Einführzapfen angeordnet, das dem Scharnierstift zugewandt ist. Vorzugsweise verläuft der Einführzapfen entlang des gesamten Bereiches zwischen dem Scharnierstift und der Verschraubung frei innerhalb der Zapfenhülse, also ohne mechanischen Kontakt zu ihren Wandungen.It is also vital that the pin sleeve surrounds the insertion pin in a section at a distance, that is to say the area inside the pin sleeve is larger in some areas than the outside diameter of the insertion pin. Both the inside diameter of the sleeve and the diameter of the pin can vary. The section in which the two components are spaced apart is arranged between the screw connection and that end of the sleeve and insertion pin which faces the hinge pin. The insertion pin preferably runs freely along the entire area between the hinge pin and the screw connection within the pin sleeve, that is to say without mechanical contact with its walls.
Die Anordnung des Scharnierstiftes erfolgt auf der Innenseite der Tür, also derjenigen Seite die vor dem Zutritt unbefugter Personen zu schützen ist. Bei einer Belastung des Türflügels von der Außenseite her wird der Einführzapfen auf Zug und auf Biegung beansprucht. Der Einführzapfen kann sich aufgrund seiner Bemaßung in der Zapfenhülse leicht verformen und insbesondere biegen, wodurch Energie absorbiert wird, so daß sich die Belastung auf den Türflügel und die Verschraubung verringert. Weitere Sicherungen, wie Hintergreifsicherungen oder dgl., werden bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Türband normalerweise nicht benötigt.The hinge pin is located on the inside of the door, i.e. the side that is to be protected from unauthorized access. When the door leaf is loaded from the outside, the insertion pin is subjected to tension and bending. The insertion pin can easily deform and in particular bend due to its dimensions in the pin sleeve, whereby energy is absorbed, so that the load on the door leaf and the screw connection is reduced. Further safeguards, such as back-up safeguards or the like, are normally not required in the door hinge according to the invention.
Aufgrund der Ausgestaltung des Innengewindeabschnitts in den Zapfenhülsen und des Außengewindeabschnitts an den Einführzapfen ist eine Seitenverstellung des Türbands und damit des Flügelteils möglich. Zur Erstellung von zylindrischen Bohrungen, in denen die Zapfenhülsen aufnehmbar sind, ist lediglich ein Bohrvorgang erforderlich. Aufwendiges Fräsen entfällt. Neben der Fixierung des Einführzapfens bewirkt die bevorzugt aus starrem Material bestehende Zapfenhülse eine großflächige Verteilung auftretender Kräfte im Türflügel, da ihre Außenfläche wesentlich größer als die Verschraubung mit dem Einführzapfen ist. Insbesondere bei einem spröden Werkstoff des Türflügels, etwa Holz, wird somit das Ausbrechen unter hohen Kraftbelastungen vermieden.Due to the design of the internal thread section in the pin sleeves and the external thread section on the insertion pins, there is a lateral adjustment of the door hinge and thus of the wing part possible. To create cylindrical bores in which the pin sleeves can be received, only one drilling operation is required. Time-consuming milling is not necessary. In addition to fixing the insertion pin, the pin sleeve, which is preferably made of rigid material, causes a large distribution of forces occurring in the door leaf, since its outer surface is significantly larger than the screw connection to the insertion pin. In particular with a brittle material of the door leaf, such as wood, the breaking out under high force loads is avoided.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Flügelteil mit mindestens zwei Einführzapfen versehen, die jeweils mit einer Zapfenhülse im Türflügel festgelegt sind. Zweckmäßig besteht das Flügelteil dabei aus mehreren Elementen mit jeweils einem Einführzapfen, die einzeln in die Zapfenhülsen eingeschraubt und nachfolgend miteinander verbunden werden. Die vergrößerte Zahl von Einführzapfen bewirkt eine bessere Kraftverteilung, so daß sich die Belastbarkeit der Verbindung mit dem Türflügel erhöht und ein Ausbrechen des Flügelteils ausgeschlossen ist. Bei zwei Einführzapfen am Flügelteil entsteht ein vorteilhafter symmetrischer Aufbau.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the wing part is provided with at least two insertion pins, which are each fixed with a pin sleeve in the door wing. The wing part expediently consists of several elements, each with an insertion pin, which is screwed individually into the pin sleeves and subsequently connected to one another. The increased number of insertion pins results in a better force distribution, so that the load-bearing capacity of the connection to the door leaf increases and the wing part cannot break out. With two insertion pins on the wing part, an advantageous symmetrical structure is created.
Vorzugsweise sind die an den einzelnen Einführzapfen befestigten Elemente des Flügelteils durch den Scharnierstift verbunden. Auf diese Weise besteht die Möglichkeit einer einfachen Montage, indem zunächst die Einführzapfen in die im Türflügel befestigte Zapfenhülse eingeschraubt und nachfolgend mittels des Scharnierstiftes untereinander sowie mit dem Rahmenteil verbunden werden. Bei lösbarer Befestigung am Scharnierstift läßt sich das Türband in umgekehrter Reihenfolge demontieren. Die Festlegung des Scharnierstiftes an den übrigen Teilen des Türbandes kann beispielsweise durch Verschraubung mit einem endseitigen Aufsatzteil erfolgen.The elements of the wing part fastened to the individual insertion pins are preferably connected by the hinge pin. In this way, there is the possibility of simple assembly by first screwing the insertion pins into the pin sleeve fastened in the door leaf and subsequently be connected to each other and to the frame part by means of the hinge pin. If it is detachably attached to the hinge pin, the door hinge can be removed in reverse order. The hinge pin can be fixed to the other parts of the door hinge, for example, by screwing to an end part at the end.
Die Funktionsweise der Einführzapfen als Einbruchssicherung beruht auf ihrer elastischen Deformation unter Zug- und Biegebelastungen. Mit dem Ziel, die Elastizität bei vorgegebener Stärke und damit Zugbelastbarkeit zu verbessern, wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Länge des Abschnitts, auf dem der Einführzapfen von der Hülse beabstandet ist, möglichst groß ist. Damit wird der Widerstand gegen von der Außenfläche des Türflügels ausgeübte Kräfte erhöht. Insbesondere übersteigt die Länge des Abschnitts vorzugsweise die Länge der Verschraubung. Beispielsweise beträgt die Länge des Abschnitts mehr als die Hälfte der Gesamtlänge des Einführzapfens, etwa zwischen 50 und 70 %. Der maximale Längenanteil ergibt sich u.a. aus der notwendigen Länge der Schraubverbindung zwischen Einführzapfen und Zapfenhülse, die entsprechend der aufzunehmenden Kräfte zu wählen ist. Ebenso ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Länge des Einführzapfens groß gegen den Durchmesser des Türflügels ist und ihn vorzugsweise um ein Mehrfaches übersteigt. Gleichfalls können die Einführzapfen länger als der Scharnierstift des Flügelteils sein.The function of the insertion pins as burglar protection is based on their elastic deformation under tensile and bending loads. With the aim of improving the elasticity for a given strength and thus tensile strength, it is proposed that the length of the section on which the insertion pin is spaced from the sleeve is as large as possible. This increases the resistance to forces exerted by the outer surface of the door leaf. In particular, the length of the section preferably exceeds the length of the screw connection. For example, the length of the section is more than half the total length of the insertion pin, for example between 50 and 70%. The maximum length component results, among other things, from the necessary length of the screw connection between the insertion pin and the pin sleeve, which is to be selected according to the forces to be absorbed. It is also advantageous if the length of the insertion pin is large compared to the diameter of the door leaf and preferably exceeds it by a multiple. Likewise, the insertion pins can be longer than the hinge pin of the wing part.
Türen greifen im geschlossenen Zustand in der Regel in eine Ausnehmung des Rahmens ein. Daher ist es erforderlich, daß sich ihre durch die Anordnung des Scharnierstiftes bestimmte Schwenkachse nahe einer Kante des Türflügels und nicht im Zentrum seines Randes befindet. Sind die Einführzapfen dabei parallel der Türfläche ausgerichtet, so verlaufen sie in geringem Abstand unter der Oberfläche des Türflügels, so daß die Gefahr des Ausbrechens unter Belastung besteht. Zur Vermeidung wird vorgeschlagen, die Zapfenhülsen und somit die Einführzapfen im Winkel gegen die Ebene des Türflügels auszurichten. Bevorzugte Winkel betragen etwa 5 bis 10 Grad. Somit ist erreichbar, daß die Zapfenhülsen und Einführzapfen von einer Kante des Türflügels ausgehend bis zu seiner vertikalen Mittelebene oder durch sie hindurch verlaufen. Im Ergebnis erhöht sich die Belastbarkeit der Verbindung erheblich.Doors usually open when closed into a recess in the frame. It is therefore necessary that their pivot axis determined by the arrangement of the hinge pin is located near an edge of the door leaf and not in the center of its edge. If the insertion pins are aligned parallel to the door surface, they run a short distance below the surface of the door leaf, so that there is a risk of breaking out under load. To avoid this, it is proposed to align the pin sleeves and thus the insertion pins at an angle with the plane of the door leaf. Preferred angles are about 5 to 10 degrees. It can thus be achieved that the pin sleeves and insertion pins extend from an edge of the door leaf to its vertical center plane or through it. As a result, the load capacity of the connection increases considerably.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Durchmesser des dem Scharnierstift zugewandten Endabschnitts des Einführzapfens näherungsweise gleich dem Innendurchmesser des angrenzenden Bereiches der Zylinderhülse. Dabei befindet sich der Endabschnitt außerhalb der Zylinderhülse oder reicht - bei ausreichendem Spiel - in einem schmalen Bereich in sie hinein. Die Breite eines eingreifenden Bereiches ist derart zu wählen, daß elastische Verformungen des von der Zylinderhülse beabstandeten Abschnitts des Einführzapfens nicht beeinträchtigt werden. Der Endabschnitt schließt die Öffnung der Zylinderhülse auf vorteilhafte Weise ab und erhöht die Belastbarkeit der Verbindung mit den übrigen Elementen des Flügelteils. Zudem vermeidet der Endabschnitt beim Anliegen an der Zapfenhülse unerwünschte Schwingungen des Türflügels unter alltäglichen Belastungen.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the end section of the insertion pin facing the hinge pin is approximately equal to the inside diameter of the adjacent area of the cylinder sleeve. The end section is located outside the cylinder sleeve or, if there is sufficient play, extends into it in a narrow area. The width of an engaging area is to be selected such that elastic deformations of the section of the insertion pin spaced from the cylinder sleeve are not impaired. The end section closes the opening of the cylinder sleeve in an advantageous manner and increases the load capacity of the connection with the other elements of the wing part. Also avoids the end section when it comes into contact with the pivot sleeve undesirable vibrations of the door leaf under everyday loads.
Zur Herstellung eines besonders festen Verbundes zwischen den Zapfenhülsen und dem Türflügel ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Zapfenhülsen in den Türflügel einklebbar sind. Dabei ist es grundsätzlich denkbar, die Verklebung der Zapfenhülsen mit dem Türflügel erst nach Verschraubung mit den Einführzapfen vorzunehmen, wodurch ggf. eine unlösbare Verbindung entsteht.To produce a particularly strong bond between the pivot sleeves and the door leaf, it is advantageous if the pivot sleeves can be glued into the door leaf. It is fundamentally conceivable that the mortise and tenon sleeves are only glued to the door leaf after they have been screwed to the insertion pins, which may result in an inseparable connection.
Um zu verhindern, daß in die Bohrung eingebrachter Klebstoff oder Schmutz in das Innere der Zapfenhülsen gerät, ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Zapfenhülsen an ihren in den Türflügel eingeschobenen Enden mittels einer Abdeckkappe geschlossen sind. Hierdurch wird zum einen verhindert, daß Klebstoff in die Zapfenhülsen eindringt; des weiteren ergibt sich bei hinreichender Menge eine weitgehend gleichmäßige Verteilung des in den zylindrischen Bohrungen vorhandenen Klebstoffs über die Außenumfangsfläche der Zapfenhülsen.In order to prevent adhesive or dirt introduced into the bore from getting into the interior of the pin sleeves, it is expedient if the pin sleeves are closed at their ends inserted into the door leaf by means of a cover cap. This prevents on the one hand that adhesive penetrates into the pin sleeves; furthermore, with a sufficient quantity, there is a largely uniform distribution of the adhesive present in the cylindrical bores over the outer peripheral surface of the journal sleeves.
Da die Abdeckkappe außer ihrer Abdeckfunktioon keine weitere Funktion aufweist, kann sie in einfacher Weise aus Kunststoff hergestellt werden.Since the cover cap has no further function apart from its cover function, it can be produced in a simple manner from plastic.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer Ausführungsform unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert.The invention based on an embodiment with reference to the drawing explained.
Es zeigen:
- Figur 1:
- eine perspektivische und teilweise Explosionsdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Türbandes;
- Figur 2:
- eine Schnittdarstellung der in
Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Türbandes.
- Figure 1:
- a perspective and partial exploded view of a door hinge according to the invention;
- Figure 2:
- a sectional view of the embodiment of the door hinge according to the invention shown in Figure 1.
Das erfindungsgemäße Türband dient zur verschwenkbaren Anbringung eines Türflügels (1) an einem Türrahmen (2).The door hinge according to the invention is used for the pivotable attachment of a door leaf (1) to a door frame (2).
Am Türrahmen (2) ist eine Aufnahme (3) fest angebracht. Bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform weist die Aufnahme (3) eine Befestigungsplatte (4) auf, die mittels Verschraubungen (5) am Türrahmen (2) angeschraubt ist. An der Befestigungsplatte (4) ist eine Zylinderhülse (6) vorgesehen, die fest mit der Befestigungsplatte (4) verbunden oder einstückig mit der Befestigungsplatte (4) ausgebildet ist. An der Innenwandung der Zylinderhülse (6) ist ein Innengewindeabschnitt (7) vorgesehen.A receptacle (3) is firmly attached to the door frame (2). In the embodiment shown, the receptacle (3) has a fastening plate (4) which is screwed onto the door frame (2) by means of screw connections (5). A cylinder sleeve (6) is provided on the fastening plate (4), which is fixedly connected to the fastening plate (4) or is formed in one piece with the fastening plate (4). An internally threaded section (7) is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve (6).
Im Türflügel (1) sind zylindrische Bohrungen (8) ausgebildet, die parallel zueinander und mit gleicher Länge in einem Vertikalabstand untereinander angeordnet sind. In den zylindrischen Bohrungen (8) ist jeweils eine Zapfenhülse (9) angeordnet. Die Zapfenhülse (9) weist an ihrem im Türflügel (1) angeordneten inneren Ende eine aus Kunststoff hergestellte Abdeckkappe (10) auf. Bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform ist die Zapfenhülse (9) mittels Klebstoff innerhalb der zylindrischen Bohrung (8) im Türflügel (1) befestigt. Die Abdeckkappe (10) am im Inneren des Türflügels (12) angeordneten Ende der Zapfenhülse (9) dient dazu, zu verhindern, daß Klebstoff, der vor dem Einschieben der Zapfenhülse (9) in die zylindrische Bohrung (8) eingebracht wird, in die Zapfenhülse (9) eindringt. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine mehr oder weniger gleichmäßige Verteilung des Klebstoffs auf der Außenumfangsfläche der Zapfenhülse (9) und damit eine gleichmäßige Befestigung der Zapfenhülse (9) innerhalb der zylindrischen Bohrung (8) im Türflügel (1).Cylindrical bores (8) are formed in the door leaf (1), which are arranged parallel to one another and with the same length at a vertical distance from one another. A pin sleeve (9) is arranged in each of the cylindrical bores (8). The pin sleeve (9) has at its inner end arranged in the door leaf (1) an made of plastic Cover cap (10). In the embodiment shown, the pin sleeve (9) is fastened by means of adhesive within the cylindrical bore (8) in the door leaf (1). The cover cap (10) at the inside of the door leaf (12) arranged end of the pin sleeve (9) serves to prevent adhesive that is introduced into the cylindrical bore (8) before the pin sleeve (9) is inserted into the Pen sleeve (9) penetrates. This results in a more or less uniform distribution of the adhesive on the outer peripheral surface of the pin sleeve (9) and thus a uniform attachment of the pin sleeve (9) within the cylindrical bore (8) in the door leaf (1).
Die Zapfenhülse (9) hat im Bereich ihres im Inneren des Türflügels (1) angeordneten Endes ein Innengewinde (11), an den sich ein weiterer Abschnitt (12) der Zapfenhülse (9) anschließt. Der weitere Abschnitt (12) der Zapfenhülse (9) hat einen größeren Innendurchmesser als das Innengewinde (11).The pin sleeve (9) has an internal thread (11) in the area of its end arranged inside the door leaf (1), to which a further section (12) of the pin sleeve (9) is connected. The further section (12) of the pin sleeve (9) has a larger inner diameter than the internal thread (11).
In den im Falle des in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels 2 vorgesehenen Zapfenhülse (9) sind Einführzapfen (13) eines Flügelteils (14) des Türbands angeordnet. Das Flügelteil (14) hat des weiteren einen Scharnierstift (15), der die beiden Einführzapfen (13) an jeweils einem Ende miteinander verbindet.In the case of the pin sleeve (9) provided in the
Jeder Einführzapfen (13) hat an seinem im montierten Zustand im Inneren des Türflügels (1) angeordneten Ende ein Außengewinde (16), mittels dessen der Einführzapfen (13) in das Innengewinde (11) der Zapfenhülse (9) einschraubbar ist. An sein Außengewinde (16) schließt sich ein Längsabschitt (17) des Einführzapfens (13) an, an dem der Außendurchmesser des Einführzapfens (13) kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser der Zapfenhülse (9) im Bereich des Abschnitts (12). Am anderen Ende weist der Einführzapfen (13) einen Endabschnitt (18) auf, an dem sein Außendurhmesser etwa dem Innendurchmesser der Zapfenhülse (9) entspricht.Each insertion pin (13) has an external thread (16) at its end arranged in the assembled state inside the door leaf (1), by means of which the insertion pin (13) can be screwed into the internal thread (11) of the pin sleeve (9). A longitudinal section (17) of the insertion pin (13) adjoins its external thread (16), on which the outside diameter of the insertion pin (13) is smaller than the inside diameter of the pin sleeve (9) in the region of the section (12). At the other end, the insertion pin (13) has an end section (18) at which its outside diameter corresponds approximately to the inside diameter of the pin sleeve (9).
Die oberen und unteren Endabschnitte (19, 20) des Flügelteils (14) weisen einen größeren Durchmesser als der Scharnierstift (15) auf und sind fest mit den Einführzapfen (13) verbunden bzw. einstückig mit den Einführzapfen (13) ausgebildet. Zwischen den beiden Endabschitten (19, 20) erstreckt sich ein Aufnahmeabschnitt (21) des Scharnierstifts (15) mit kleinerem Durchmesser, um den herum eine Zylinderhülse (22) eines Rahmenteils (23) drehbar ist, deren Außendurchmesser dem Außendurchmesser der Endabschnitte (19, 20) des Flügelteils (14) entspricht.The upper and lower end sections (19, 20) of the wing part (14) have a larger diameter than the hinge pin (15) and are fixedly connected to the insertion pins (13) or formed integrally with the insertion pins (13). Between the two end sections (19, 20) extends a receiving section (21) of the hinge pin (15) with a smaller diameter, around which a cylinder sleeve (22) of a frame part (23) can be rotated, the outside diameter of which corresponds to the outside diameter of the end sections (19, 20) corresponds to the wing part (14).
Das Rahmenteil (23) weist neben der Zylinderhülse (22) einen rechtwinklig von der Zylinderhülse (22) abstehenden Außengewindeabschnitt (24) auf, der in die Zylinderhülse (6) der am Türrahmen (2) angeordneten Aufnahme (3) einschraubbar ist. Aufgrund der in Umfangsrichtung verdrehbaren Anordnung der Zylinderhülse (22) des Rahmenteils (23) am Scharnierstift (15) des am Türflügel (1) befestigten Flügelteils (14), ist der Türflügel (1) in Bezug auf den Türrahmen (2) um den Scharnierstift (15) verschwenkbar.In addition to the cylinder sleeve (22), the frame part (23) has an external thread section (24) protruding at right angles from the cylinder sleeve (22), which can be screwed into the cylinder sleeve (6) of the receptacle (3) arranged on the door frame (2). Due to the circumferentially rotatable arrangement of the cylinder sleeve (22) of the frame part (23) on the hinge pin (15) of the wing part (14) attached to the door leaf (1), the door leaf (1) is in relation to the Door frame (2) can be pivoted around the hinge pin (15).
Bei dem Versuch eines Einbruchs wird der Türflügel (1) von der Außenfläche her belastet. Bei dieser Belastung werden die Einführzapfen (13) auf Zug und auf Biegung beansprucht. Sie können sich innerhalb der Zapfenhülsen (9) geringfügig im elastischen Bereich verformen. Hierdurch wird Energie aufgenommen, die als Belastung für den Türflügel (1) und das Flügelteil (14) nicht zur Verfügung steht. Bei der elastischen Verformung kann sich der Endabschnitt (18), der nicht vollständig von der zylindrischen Bohrung (8) im Türflügel (1) umgeben ist, mit dem Längsabschnitt (17) des Einführungszapfens, an dem dieser einen geringeren Außendurchmesser als der Innendurchmesser der Zapfenhülse (9) aufweist, verformen.If an attempt is made to break in, the door leaf (1) is loaded from the outer surface. With this load, the insertion pins (13) are subjected to tension and bending. You can deform slightly in the elastic area within the pin sleeves (9). This absorbs energy that is not available as a load for the door leaf (1) and the leaf part (14). In the case of elastic deformation, the end section (18), which is not completely surrounded by the cylindrical bore (8) in the door leaf (1), can be in contact with the longitudinal section (17) of the insertion pin, on which it has a smaller outside diameter than the inside diameter of the pin sleeve (9) has to deform.
Weitere Sicherungen der den Türflügel (1) und den Türrahmen (2) aufweisenden Tür, beispielsweise Hintergreifsicherungen oder dgl., werden nicht benötigt.Further safeguards for the door that has the door leaf (1) and the door frame (2), for example rear-grip safeguards or the like, are not required.
Aufgrund der Ausgestaltung des Innengewindes (11) in der Zapfenhülse (9) und des Außengewindes (16) am Einführzapfen (13) ist eine Seitenverstellung des Flügelteils (14) und damit die Ausrichtung des Türflügels (1) im Rahmen möglich.Due to the design of the internal thread (11) in the pin sleeve (9) and the external thread (16) on the insertion pin (13), a side adjustment of the wing part (14) and thus the alignment of the door wing (1) in the frame is possible.
Da die in den zylindrischen Bohrungen (8) des Türflügels (1) eingeklebten Zapfenhülsen (9) auf ihren Außenumfangsflächen glatt ausgebildet sind, ist zur Erstellung der zylindrischen Bohrungen (8) lediglich ein Bohr-, kein Fräsvorgang erforderlich.Since the peg sleeves (9) glued into the cylindrical bores (8) of the door leaf (1) are smooth on their outer circumferential surfaces, is for Creation of the cylindrical bores (8) only one drilling, no milling process required.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE29603589U | 1996-02-28 | ||
DE29603589U DE29603589U1 (en) | 1996-02-28 | 1996-02-28 | Hinge |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0792988A1 true EP0792988A1 (en) | 1997-09-03 |
EP0792988B1 EP0792988B1 (en) | 1998-12-02 |
Family
ID=8020198
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97103341A Expired - Lifetime EP0792988B1 (en) | 1996-02-28 | 1997-02-28 | Door hinge |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0792988B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE174097T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE29603589U1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITUD20050128A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-01-30 | Superlock Ltd Shiryonit Hosem | HINGE ELEMENT |
FR2948405B1 (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2014-01-24 | Sarl Francois Inglese | JOINT DEVICE FOR DEPORTING SHUTTERS FOR OUTDOOR INSULATION |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH359378A (en) * | 1958-05-02 | 1961-12-31 | Pfaeffli Walter | Swivel fittings |
DE3042207A1 (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1981-08-20 | Walter 8903 Birmensdorf Pfäffli | Adjustable-height door hinge - has tapped bore in frame part for stud acting against door part |
-
1996
- 1996-02-28 DE DE29603589U patent/DE29603589U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-02-28 EP EP97103341A patent/EP0792988B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-28 DE DE59700040T patent/DE59700040D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-02-28 AT AT97103341T patent/ATE174097T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH359378A (en) * | 1958-05-02 | 1961-12-31 | Pfaeffli Walter | Swivel fittings |
DE3042207A1 (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1981-08-20 | Walter 8903 Birmensdorf Pfäffli | Adjustable-height door hinge - has tapped bore in frame part for stud acting against door part |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59700040D1 (en) | 1999-01-14 |
ATE174097T1 (en) | 1998-12-15 |
DE29603589U1 (en) | 1997-06-26 |
EP0792988B1 (en) | 1998-12-02 |
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