EP0791191B1 - Pendule "mysterieuse" - Google Patents

Pendule "mysterieuse" Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0791191B1
EP0791191B1 EP96931872A EP96931872A EP0791191B1 EP 0791191 B1 EP0791191 B1 EP 0791191B1 EP 96931872 A EP96931872 A EP 96931872A EP 96931872 A EP96931872 A EP 96931872A EP 0791191 B1 EP0791191 B1 EP 0791191B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surround
dial
indicators
driving means
fixed frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96931872A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0791191A1 (fr
Inventor
Gérard GANTET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Van Cleef and Arpels SA
Van Cleef and Arpels France SAS
Original Assignee
Van Cleef and Arpels SA
Van Cleef and Arpels France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Van Cleef and Arpels SA, Van Cleef and Arpels France SAS filed Critical Van Cleef and Arpels SA
Publication of EP0791191A1 publication Critical patent/EP0791191A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0791191B1 publication Critical patent/EP0791191B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B45/00—Time pieces of which the indicating means or cases provoke special effects, e.g. aesthetic effects
    • G04B45/04—Time pieces with invisible drive, e.g. with hands attached to a rotating glass disc

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pendulum, and more particularly to a so-called "mysterious" clock because of its transparency almost total.
  • Such pendulums are in the form of a frame fixed with a circular light inside which are arranged transparent disks driven at their periphery.
  • pendulums are well known in the state of technical, and we can refer by way of example to document FR-A-2,632,426 describing a mysterious pendulum of a particular type, with extensible needles.
  • the section of the transparent discs corresponds to the shape and dimensions of the pendulum light, so that each disc rotates around of its fixed axis.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a pendulum reinforcing the surprising effect, by a displacement of the axes of the discs or analogues, while retaining an apparent absence of connection between the needles or the like and the clockwork motor mechanism.
  • a circular disc (or ring) indicating hours or minutes, while rotating around its geometric axis, can move globally by relation to a ring (or a disc) of fixed axis following a movement of rolling without sliding, for example by meshing, in which said axis geometric describes a circle. Reading the time is done by appreciation visual of the relative position of the ring and the disc.
  • document WO-A-94.04965 describes a pendulum comprising a case rotating at constant speed in the clockwise around a fixed axis and eccentrically carrying a mechanism classic watchmaking controlling the rotation of the case and that of a hand minute indication.
  • a classic graduated dial is located behind the needle minutes, and it is weighted down to maintain itself by gravity in position fixed angle, ie so that the line "12 o'clock - 6 o'clock" remains always vertical.
  • the case has a mark or an hour index, for example constituted by a point part. The hours are read from of the angular position of the case relative to the dial, and the reading of the minutes is usually done from the position of the needle relative to this same dial behind it.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a pendulum "mysterious" which, while allowing an easy reading of the time, by coaxiality hour and minute indicators, presents another surprising effect by the mobility of the geometric axes of rotation of these indicators on themselves.
  • the second drive means are arranged so that the dial remains in position fixed angular.
  • the second drive means cooperate by meshing with a fixed toothed crown carried by said frame fixed.
  • the second drive means include a gear train with at least one pinion input and at least two output pinions cooperating by meshing respectively with this ring gear and the toothed periphery of a part at less of said dial and indicators carried by said border.
  • the gear train extends between the ring gear and the toothed periphery of at least part said dial and indicators, this train being carried by a mobile element fixedly supporting the border and being hidden by a decorative element.
  • the border is substantially tangent to the fixed frame and the gear train is carried by a mobile element supporting fixedly the border and is partly housed inside the fixed frame and for part inside the border, in the tangency zone of the fixed frame and the border.
  • the second drive means comprise at least two floating toothed rings housed in the fixed frame and each cooperating, on the one hand, with the periphery tooth of one of said dial and indicators carried by the border and, on the other hand, with a drive gear housed in the fixed frame.
  • the pendulum comprises an element mobile comprising a first part for indicating the time and a second part masking part of said second drive means and extending from said first part to the inner contour of the fixed frame.
  • the second part of the movable element is transparent or free of material, except in an area masking said part said second drive means.
  • said geometric axes X and Y are confused or distinct, the border being, in the latter case, tangent to the contour inside the fixed frame or spaced from it.
  • the pendulum is characterized in that the first drive means are arranged for drive the border and the dials and indicators it wears clockwise, for the observer, at an angular speed of 1/12 revolution per hour, in that the hour indicator is integral with said border, and in that the latter drive means include an output gear for the indicator of minutes and an output gear for the dial.
  • the pendulum is characterized in that the first drive means are arranged for drive the border and the dials and indicators it wears clockwise, for the observer, at an angular speed of 1 revolution per hour, in that the minute indicator is integral with said border, and in that the latter drive means include an output gear for the indicator of hours and an output gear for the dial.
  • the fixed frame has a circular light in which the said border and the dials rotate and indicators that it carries, around said fixed axis X of the fixed frame, the border belonging to a movable element extending at least in part to the edge of said circular light, this movable element being transparent or free of material outside of said border, except in at least one masking area said first and / or second drive means.
  • At least part of said dial and indicators consist of transparent circular discs bearing markings or marks.
  • one of said indicators may consist of an indicator needle fixedly carried by the border.
  • Figure 1 shows a front view of a first embodiment of a pendulum according to the present invention. It involves a base (1) inside which is housed the clockwork motor mechanism. So base is directly mounted a fixed frame (2) in the form of a circular ring surrounding a light (3) also circular in shape. Inside this light (3) is arranged a moving element or element (4) which comprises a first circular part (5) for reading or indicating the time and a second part (6) supporting at least one opaque decorative element (6 '), namely a animal figurine in the example described.
  • a moving element or element (4) which comprises a first circular part (5) for reading or indicating the time and a second part (6) supporting at least one opaque decorative element (6 '), namely a animal figurine in the example described.
  • the first part (5) has a border circular (20) enclosing and supporting the time indication members, as described below.
  • This part (5) is completely transparent, except its border (20) and time indication devices - hands, graduations or numbers - which seem to be hanging in a vacuum.
  • the second part (6) can complete with its crescent or ring shape the circular shape of the part (5) of the movable element (4), up to the circular inner edge (7) of the frame fixed (2); this second part is then preferably transparent, except in the area of the decorative element (6 ') masking means for driving the organs time indication, as described below, so that, for the user, light can pass through it except in the area corresponding to the element decorative (6 ').
  • the part (6) is free of material except in the area of the decorative element (6 '); in this preferred variant, there are thus two first voids inside the frame (2), on either side of the moving assembly (4), and a third void inside the edge (20) of the circular part (5) of this crew.
  • the moving assembly (4) rotates around a fixed axis X which is the common axis of the circles defining the moving assembly (4) and the edge interior (7) of the fixed frame (2); outside, the moving part (4) is received at the interior of the fixed frame (2) by slightly penetrating it into at least two zones (8, 9) diametrically opposite.
  • the first zone (8) corresponds approximately to the point of tangency of the first part (5)
  • the second zone (9) corresponds to two points of the second part (6).
  • the circular border (20) defines the outer contour of the part (5) which receives the organs for reading and indicating the time.
  • organs are preferably constituted by transparent discs, namely a dial (10), bearing the usual hour markers (11) (graduation on the Figure 1 or numbers, only one of which is shown in Figures 2 and 3), a disc minutes (28) marked (28 '), for example in the shape of a needle radial, and an hour disc (26) bearing a marking (26 ') different from the marking (28 '), for example a radial needle shorter than the needle (28'), and this in the usual way.
  • a dial (10) bearing the usual hour markers (11) (graduation on the Figure 1 or numbers, only one of which is shown in Figures 2 and 3), a disc minutes (28) marked (28 '), for example in the shape of a needle radial, and an hour disc (26) bearing a marking (26 ') different from the marking (28 '), for example a radial needle shorter than the needle (28'
  • the discs (10), (26) and (28) are arranged parallel and coaxially to each other in the border (20) and, as indicated below, at least two of them can rotate relative to this border around the common geometric Y axis of this border and the disks.
  • the part (5) is closed by a transparent circular disc (27) of protection, integral with the border (20) and for example retained by force fitting.
  • the part (5) is closed at the front by a transparent circular protective disc, secured to the border and similarly retained.
  • this front disc can advantageously be one of the discs (26) and (28), when the moving part (4) is driven clockwise, at the speed of 1/12 turn per hour or, respectively, at the speed of 1 revolution per hour.
  • the discs (10), (26) and (28) and the rear disc are transparent, for example in transparent plastic.
  • the movable element (4) and the discs (10) and (28) which can rotate relative to the edge (20) are rotated, respectively with respect to the fixed frame (2), around the fixed central axis X, and by relative to the movable edge (20), around the axis Y integral with the discs (10) and (27), by meshing their toothed outer periphery with a toothed member respective training.
  • the toothed periphery of the movable element (4) is masked by the frame (2) and that of the mobile disks carried by the part (5) is masked by the border (20), so that all the toothed peripheries used for driving the moving part (4), and respectively the discs (10) and (28), are invisible to the observer.
  • the fixed frame (2) forms an outer casing. In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 4, it is formed by an annular part having a U-shaped groove (12) facing the X axis and two flanks (13, 14) masking, on the one hand, a fixed toothed crown (17) with internal toothing and integral with the sidewall (13) and, on the other hand, an annular plate (18) constituting the outer edge of the movable element (4).
  • This plate (18) fixedly carries at its periphery a crown (18 '), with external teeth, driven by a pinion (19) fixed axis which constitutes the output wheel of the motor mechanism housed in the base (1) and which passes through the central cylindrical wall (2 ') of the fixed frame (2) to mesh with the lower part of the crown (18 ').
  • the pinion (19) is of course hidden by the base (1) and by the sides of the fixed frame (2).
  • This plate (18) is extended, towards the X axis, by two spaced walls (30, 31), preferably coplanar with the outer discs, respectively (26) and (27), carried by the part (5).
  • the walls (30, 31) are therefore each cut to advantage inside the perimeter circular a circular window defining the border (20), a window in which the disc (26) and the disc (27) are housed respectively.
  • the border (20) is tangent to the fixed frame (2), but it is understood that it could be located in a different way, away from the fixed frame (2), preferably remaining eccentric relative to the fixed axis X, and therefore to the fixed frame (2), so that the part (5) of time indication moves in time.
  • the part (5) is centered on the axis X, in which case it would be coaxial with the fixed frame (2) and appears globally fixed for the observer, alone the decorative element (6 ') appearing to rotate around the part (5), inside the fixed frame (2).
  • the walls (30, 31), and preferably also the plate (18) which is integral with it and which is advantageously in one piece with they are indifferently transparent or opaque, but preferably transparent.
  • the walls (30, 31) may be free of material except in their connecting part or parts of part (5) with the exterior of element (4).
  • the border (20) is opaque, either due to its thickness, or preferably because it receives, at least at the front, a coating, a trim, an impression or the like, to materialize the outline of the part (5) to indicate the time and to hide the toothed periphery of the discs turns (10, 28) of part (5) and its cooperation with the means training of these.
  • the movable discs of part (5) rest on the bottom of the border (20) or, preferably, are mounted idly on a thin central axis Y integral with the front (10) and rear (27) discs respectively.
  • the walls (30, 31) support a gear train (22) for driving rotating discs.
  • This gear train (22) is hidden for the observer by the decorative element (6 ') which extends from the border (20) up to the visible external contour of the movable element (4).
  • Each wall (30, 31) can be reduced to a simple narrow flange (21) if the part (6), as in the preferred variant shown in Figure 1, is free of material beyond the element (6 ').
  • the gear train (22) is preferably placed in the area of the movable element (4) for which the distance between the edge (20) and the fixed frame (2) is the largest, for reasons of space and installation of the train (22).
  • the train (22) has an input gear (23) which engages by pressing and reacting with the fixed toothed crown (17) which causes in turn a set of intermediate gears (29) leading to at least two output gears (25, 24) respectively driving the toothed disc of dial (10) and the toothed minute disc (28) in the example shown, or in certain variants, as described below, of at least one of the disks toothed minutes (28) and hours (26), or even of these two discs (28) and (26).
  • the pinion (19) drives rotation of the movable element (4) by the crown (18 ') around the X axis, in one direction or in the other, at a predetermined speed.
  • the time indication part (5) therefore generally moves along this continuous rotational movement; it is consequently the same for the dial disc (10). Because the latter must stay in a fixed angular position, ie the line "12 o'clock - 6 o'clock" must remain vertical, the transmission going from the input pinion (19) to the output (25) is calculated so that the speed of rotation of the movable element (4) around its X axis and the speed of rotation of the dial disc (10) around its Y axis have the same numerical value and have opposite signs. So the dial disc (10) generally moves according to a movement geometrically defined as a circular translation, for which the dial disc (10) moves parallel to itself, each of its points rotating around the X axis.
  • the sign and the value of the transmission ratio between the pinion (19) and the disc toothed minutes (28) and / or the toothed hour disc (26) are calculated, usual way for the skilled person, according to the above formula, so that, with respect to the fixed frame (2), and consequently with respect to the observer, the minute disc (28), with its index (28 '), rotates at 1 revolution per hour and the hour disc (26), with its index (26 '), rotates at 1/12 revolution per hour, every two clockwise.
  • the movable element (4) is driven clockwise at a speed angular of 1/12 revolution per hour, so that the hour disc (26) is secured to the edge (20) and therefore does not need to be driven by the train gears (22).
  • the hours disc (26) constitutes advantageously the transparent front disc above protection for the part (5), and the gear train (22) has only two output pinions, at knowing the pinion (25) for holding the dial disc (10) in a fixed angular position, as described above, and the pinion (24) for driving the minute disc (28) so that the latter rotates, with respect to a fixed mark, clockwise 1 turn per hour.
  • This embodiment is preferred because it simplifies the mechanisms, since the hours disc (26) does not need to be driven specially, that it is thus fixed on the part (5) in order to be able to constitute a outer protective disc, and the fact that the movable element (4) can be driven at a slow speed of 1/12 revolution per hour clockwise, which spare the mechanisms.
  • the hours disc (26) could therefore be replaced by a needle secured to the edge (20) or to the Y axis.
  • the movable element (4) could be driven clockwise at a speed of 1 revolution per hour, in which case the minute disc (28) is integral with the border (20) to constitute one of the outer discs above protecting the part (5), preferably the disc front, or could be replaced by a simple needle attached to the border (20) or the Y axis, and the pinion (24) would then drive the hour disc (26) so that this one, relative to a fixed reference, turns around its axis Y in the clockwise at the speed of 1/12 revolution per hour, in a conventional manner, that is to say from 11/12 turn per hour counterclockwise around the Y axis by relative to the border (20).
  • the dial (10) would be driven by its pinion (25) at the speed of 1 revolution per hour, anti-clockwise, in order to again that its line "12 hours - 6 hours" remains permanently vertical.
  • the gear train (22) will include three output gears.
  • the sign and the value of the transmission ratios, as well as the number of output gears of the gear train (22) will be adapted to the reading configuration concerned.
  • this configuration could consist, compared to a fixed reference, in a rotation of the index of hours of 1 turn per 24 hours clockwise, or in a rotation of the dial and / or rotation of the hour and minute indexes counterclockwise.
  • the common main drive gear (19) has 36 teeth and rotates 1 turn per hour counterclockwise.
  • the ring gear (18 ') has 432 teeth, so that the movable element (4) rotates at 1/12 turn per hour clockwise.
  • the toothed crown (17) has 400 teeth, and the dial disc (10) and the minute disc (28) also include 400 teeth, but a module worth half the module of the crown teeth (17).
  • the gear train (22) is established and calculated so that, with respect to the observer, the dial disc (10) remains in a fixed angular position and the minute disc (28) rotates 1 revolution per hour clockwise. For it, as well as the formulas verify, the dial disc (10) must be driven counterclockwise at a speed of 1/12 revolution per hour and the disc of minutes (28) must be driven clockwise at a speed of 11/12 rpm hour.
  • the gear train shown in detail on the Figure 5 allows such drives of the dial disc (10) and the disc minutes (28) via first common pinions (a, b, c, c ', d), followed a chain (e, f) for driving the dial disc (i, 10) and a chain (g, g ', h, h', f ') for driving the minute disc (j, 28).
  • the pinions (a, b, c), a module of 40 also equal to that of the crown (17), of the pinion (19) and crown (18 '), each have 40 teeth while the pinions (c', d, e, f, g ', g, h', h, f '), of a module of 20, have respectively 40, 60, 60, 60, 30, 90, 24, 88 and 60 teeth.
  • the dial disc (i, 10) rotates at the same speed as the movable element (4), i.e.
  • the second drive means are constituted by a toothed crown (17 '), with external teeth, secured to the fixed frame (2), and by a gear train (22 ') carried by the movable element (4) and partly housed in the fixed frame (2) and for part in the border (20), which is substantially tangent to the internal edge (7) of the frame (2).
  • the train (22 ') has input gears (23') meshing with the crown (17 '), intermediate pinions (29') and output pinions (24 ', 25 ') meshing with those of the discs (10, 26, 28) which must be driven.
  • the border (20) is substantially tangent at the inner edge (7) of the frame (2), it is not necessary to hide the train gears (22 ') by a decorative element because it is already hidden by the frame (2) and the border (20).
  • the part (6) of the movable element (4) therefore reduces to a small support plate (18) for the edge (20) and the gear (22 '), the movable element (4) then simply being constituted by the border (20) and the members which it door, the small plate (18) and the crown (18 ').
  • the border (20) could be spaced from the frame (2), in which case the gear (22 ') would include gables located inside the outline of the light (3), which would require a decorative element to hide them, as in Figures 1 to 4.
  • the light (3) is only occupied by the border (20) and the organs it carries.
  • the fixed crown (17, 17 ') is deleted, and it is replaced by at least two floating crowns such that (33) received in a mobile manner and hidden in the fixed frame (2), and toothed internally to cooperate each with the toothed periphery of a disc (10, 26, 28) to train, preferably directly in the tangency zone (8).
  • Each crown (33) is also externally toothed to cooperate, by drive gear, with a lower pinion such as (32) of fixed axis and next to the gable (19).
  • Each pinion (32) is driven from the mechanism motor housed in the base, according to a direction and a speed which depend on the rotation of the mobile assembly (4) controlled by the pinion (19) and the crown (18 ').
  • the second drive means are housed in the base (pinions (32)), in the fixed frame (2) (pinions (32) and crowns (33)) and in the edge of the part (5) (toothed periphery of those of the discs (10, 26, 28) which are to be driven), the decorative element (6 ') is dispensed with and the movable element (4) is completely transparent, except for the border of part (5), the indexes of hours and minutes and the graduation or the like of the dial disc, which further reinforces the surprising and mysterious character of the clock.
  • the movable element (4) can be completely empty or hollow outside the border (20); in this case, this movable element (4) is reduced to the part (5), to the crown (18 ') and a small plate (18), schematically shown, for mounting and connection between the border (20) and the crown (18 ').
  • the border (20) is substantially tangent to the frame fixed (2), in the area (8), the discs (10, 26, 28), or a part of them, mesh directly with the crowns (33), so that the decorative element (6 ') does not exist and that, therefore, part (6) consists only of the crown (18 ') and the small link plate (18).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
EP96931872A 1995-09-18 1996-09-18 Pendule "mysterieuse" Expired - Lifetime EP0791191B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9510912 1995-09-18
FR9510912A FR2741967B1 (fr) 1995-09-18 1995-09-18 Pendule" mysterieuse" dite giratoire
PCT/FR1996/001454 WO1997011412A1 (fr) 1995-09-18 1996-09-18 Pendule 'mysterieuse'

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0791191A1 EP0791191A1 (fr) 1997-08-27
EP0791191B1 true EP0791191B1 (fr) 2000-03-29

Family

ID=9482650

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96931872A Expired - Lifetime EP0791191B1 (fr) 1995-09-18 1996-09-18 Pendule "mysterieuse"

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5878003A (ja)
EP (1) EP0791191B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH10509520A (ja)
CN (1) CN1166882A (ja)
AU (1) AU7088796A (ja)
DE (1) DE69607455D1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2741967B1 (ja)
WO (1) WO1997011412A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2351163A (en) * 1999-06-15 2000-12-20 John Stephen Hughes Timepiece with alterable appearance
US6595683B1 (en) * 2002-09-10 2003-07-22 Carl Cetera Self-righting, variable-orientation display assembly
PT1607807E (pt) * 2004-06-15 2008-03-17 Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse Peça de relojoaria com efeitos estéticos especiais
DE602006003645D1 (de) * 2006-03-30 2008-12-24 Quinting S A Einrichtung zum kompensieren der synergistischen effekte einer sogenannten mysterious watch
US7665888B2 (en) * 2006-04-29 2010-02-23 Marc Chase Weinstein Tabletop device with two-sided instructional display
US7568831B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2009-08-04 Tiffany & Co. Watch Center Ag Tourbillion-type timepiece movement
CH705910B1 (fr) * 2011-12-16 2024-07-15 Ali&Co Geneve Sa Montre mystérieuse réversible.
EP3620865B1 (fr) * 2018-09-05 2021-02-24 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Piece d'horlogerie mecanique ou electromecanique a entrainement mysterieux

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2466312A (en) * 1945-01-29 1949-04-05 Jack & Heintz Prec Ind Inc Transparent disk clock
US2749904A (en) * 1952-02-18 1956-06-12 Motor Wheel Corp Forced air flow air heating furnace
US2749704A (en) * 1953-10-30 1956-06-12 Heikkila Pentti Electric clock time indicating device
FR2034632B1 (ja) * 1969-03-04 1974-06-14 Hartwig Rudiger
DE2044355B2 (de) * 1970-09-08 1972-03-23 Scholer, Eckhard, Dr , 2000 Hamburg Einrichtung zur darstellung der zeitanzeige in stunden und minuten
DE8620030U1 (de) * 1986-07-25 1987-11-19 Backes, Michael, 8000 München Uhr
FR2632426B1 (fr) * 1988-06-01 1991-12-13 Brun Pierre G Pendule mysterieuse a aiguilles extensibles et dispositif d'entrainement d'une aiguille extensible
CH676074GA3 (en) * 1989-02-21 1990-12-14 Indicator for analogue watch - includes small minute pointer which moves as satellite around hours dial indicating hour of day
DE59305088D1 (de) * 1992-08-22 1997-02-20 Frank Ebert Uhr
US5297121A (en) * 1992-10-14 1994-03-22 Sepehri Seyyed S Eccentric mounted watch
US5349572A (en) * 1993-05-10 1994-09-20 Jaroslay Belik Clock dial
DE4330895A1 (de) * 1993-09-11 1995-03-16 Konrad Dr Bergmann Uhr mit rotierenden Anzeigeelementen
US5349512A (en) * 1993-12-10 1994-09-20 Parker David H Electrical lantern with multiple position connecting handle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5878003A (en) 1999-03-02
CN1166882A (zh) 1997-12-03
WO1997011412A1 (fr) 1997-03-27
DE69607455D1 (de) 2000-05-04
JPH10509520A (ja) 1998-09-14
FR2741967A1 (fr) 1997-06-06
FR2741967B1 (fr) 1998-02-20
AU7088796A (en) 1997-04-09
EP0791191A1 (fr) 1997-08-27

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