EP0790111A1 - Trennmittel für Formlinge aus Ton - Google Patents

Trennmittel für Formlinge aus Ton Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0790111A1
EP0790111A1 EP97102117A EP97102117A EP0790111A1 EP 0790111 A1 EP0790111 A1 EP 0790111A1 EP 97102117 A EP97102117 A EP 97102117A EP 97102117 A EP97102117 A EP 97102117A EP 0790111 A1 EP0790111 A1 EP 0790111A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mould release
clay
release agent
release composition
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97102117A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0790111B1 (de
Inventor
Reginald Van Elmbt
Lionel Van Oostende
Raymond Navette
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy SA
Original Assignee
Fina Research SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fina Research SA filed Critical Fina Research SA
Priority to EP19970102117 priority Critical patent/EP0790111B1/de
Publication of EP0790111A1 publication Critical patent/EP0790111A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0790111B1 publication Critical patent/EP0790111B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/38—Treating surfaces of moulds, cores, or mandrels to prevent sticking
    • B28B7/384—Treating agents

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns compositions for demoulding and/or forming products for the ceramic industry.
  • main ingredient we can find silica or alumina.
  • the products include refractory bricks, tiles, ceramics, roof tiles, flower pots. The use of said products is also described.
  • the compositions are environmentally friendly.
  • Clays are hydrated aluminosilicates which in combination with water give a plastic paste that can easily be put in the desired shape and is highly cohesive in the humid state and after drying.
  • the plasticity of the paste is higher when the water content is increasing. At low water contents, practically below about 10%, the behaviour of the clay is nearly totally elasto-rigid.
  • the production process and the process equipment is adapted to the plasticity of the paste, influenced, as said before, by the water content of the clay. If plasticity is sufficiently high, the clay may be extruded and moulded in metallic moulds, such as in the case of the production of flower pots.
  • the metallic moulds have poor release properties.Therefore the demoulding of the ceramic paste might be uneven. This occurs, in particular, when the plasticity of the paste is fairly low and when the pressures being applied are consequently higher, leading to premature wear and damage of the mould.
  • composition acting as a mould release agent for clay mouldings are :
  • the colour of the clay for instance the red colour of a flower pot
  • carbon residue For those reasons kerosene type solvents and in particular burning-kerosene type products are frequently used, as are refined solvent cuts with low aromatic content.
  • Japanese Patent Application N° 97840/1975, laid-open number 20986/1977 (Nippon Sekiyu KK) describes a mould releasing agent comprising 1 part of an oily agent and 1 to 20 parts by weight of a mineral oil.
  • the oily agent comprises 50-96% by weight of a fatty acid and 50-4% of a fatty acid ester.
  • a synergistic effect between the fatty acid ester and the fatty acid is responsible for the releasing effect. If the amount of the fatty acid ester exceeds 50% wt the mould releasing effect may be reduced.
  • the Japanese Patent Application N° 97840/1975 is relating to a mould releasing agent suitable for use in moulding products of the ceramic industry, for example moulding materials containing not more than 30% of silica or alumina as a main ingredient.
  • the compositions described in this application are not necessarily giving excellent results on demoulding products made of clay, which is a complex mixture of hydrated aluminosilicates.
  • spindle oils or other lubricating oil fractions such as machine oils are not frequently being used on ceramic material predominantly made of clay.
  • the active oily fraction is not necessarily a synergistic blend of (i) fatty acids and (ii) fatty acid esters diluted with mineral oils. Diluted fatty acids or diluted fatty acid esters are equally giving satisfactory results.
  • the release agent composition is defined as a composition obtained by diluting at least one kind of an oil and fat type release agent, a vegetable oil fatty acid ester type release agent and a surfactant with a kerosene, a super-light oil or water.
  • the release agent and air are supplied to the mould which is prepared in gas permeable material such as sintered ceramic.
  • Clay less processable and dryer is requiring larger concentrations and larger amounts of fatty acids and/or esters, diluted or not in suitable organic solvents or/and in mineral oils or synthetic oils such as low viscosity base oils (spindle oils), polybutene, polyalphaolefines and the like.
  • suitable organic solvents or/and in mineral oils or synthetic oils such as low viscosity base oils (spindle oils), polybutene, polyalphaolefines and the like.
  • compositions used presently and containing a certain amount of petroleum solvent, acting as diluent or principally based on the use of said solvents are monthly giving satisfactory results as far as adherence of the clay to the mould is concerned.
  • solvents of the kerosene type present a high risk of hazardous effects on the workers particularly when the composition is sprayed but also when applied differently as the solvents evaporate at least partly during the application and immediately thereafter.
  • the hazard is particularly important when kerosenes containing a fair amount of aromatics are being used.
  • white spirit or kerosenes with a flash point below 60°C special precautions shall be taken to minimize the risks of explosion and fire.
  • iron oxide and manganese oxide pigments are being used for the production of coloured pottery, such as coloured roof tiles. It is obvious that for price reasons these oxides are not being mixed with the clay to obtain a evenly coloured product in the mass. On the contrary the use of these pigments is being limited to the minimum. Only the upper layer is being pigmented, preferably by applying a pigment slurry to the clay surface.
  • the clay mould release agent and the carrier fluid used in the preparation of the slurry pigment may be different but generally problems of product compatibility and mould release are being avoided through the use of the mould release agent as carrier fluid for the pigment.
  • the currently used mould release compositions contain a large amount of a petroleum solvent, such as kerosene, and a small amount of a suitable fatty acid ester or a fatty acid.
  • a suitable fatty acid ester or a fatty acid such as kerosene
  • the mould release composition consisted of kerosene to which 3% of lecithine of soja were added.
  • the mould release agent and the pigment slurry are applied to the clay surface in two consecutive steps.
  • Alternative methods such as putting the mould release agent on the surface of the mould and the pigment slurry on the clay surface also exist.
  • compositions present the same detrimental effect to the environment and to the workers as encountered with the mould release compositions used for non pigmented pottery. Furthermore the pigment has a tendency to separate and to settle down and the pigment concentration in the pigment slurry is not always constant. Some clay colouring problems are being avoided by putting more pigment slurry than theoretically required.
  • the present invention aims to achieve an improvement in both mould release properties and environmental properties of the clay mould release composition.
  • the present invention also aims, in particular, to use such mould release composition for the preparation of a pigment slurry composition used as a pigment concentrate having improved demoulding properties.
  • release agents can be formulated in a way which not only improves the biodegradability thereof but also improves its demoulding properties and at the same time exhibit a lower solvent evaporation.
  • the mould releasing agent of the present invention is a novel composition correcting defects of the conventional products.
  • the mould releasing agent of the present invention is effective for the moulding of clay products and particularly effective when using a metal mould.
  • the present invention provides for a mould release composition for the clay ceramic industry which comprises
  • fatty esters and/or fatty acids which are liquid at the operating conditions.
  • Particularly suitable fatty acids are those resulting from unsaturated fatty acids having from 16 to 22 carbon atoms and alcohols having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or those esters resulting from saturated fatty acids having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms with alcohols having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • the oily agent represents more than 50% by weight of the composition and particularly more than 75% by weight. In certain circumstances, the oily agent may be used in amounts higher than 85% by weight on the total composition.
  • wetting and/or antiwear agent we can cite :
  • the mould release composition may also comprise a hydrocarbon-soluble ashless dispersant.
  • the compounds useful as ashless dispersants generally are characterized by a polar group attached to a relatively high molecular weight hydrocarbon chain.
  • any of the ashless detergents which are known in the art for use in lubricants can be utilized in the present invention.
  • composition of the invention may also comprise any polar solvent with high superfacial tension above 30 Nm -1 such as water.
  • the mould release agent may optionally contain, depending on the original blend, a solvent, preferably a polar solvent and more preferably a biodegradable polar solvent acting partially as a viscosity regulator; typical examples of polar solvents which may be used include :
  • solvents such as petroleum solvents may be used but they are not preferred for biodegradability reasons.
  • the mould release agent may furthermore contain for storage stability reasons some antioxidant.
  • the type and amount of suitable antioxidant is sufficiently described in literature and is well known.
  • the amount of wetting agents, ashless dispersants, polar and/or non polar solvents represents a maximum of 50% by weight of the composition.
  • the Applicants have unexpectedly found that when pigments are used with the mould release composition, the amount of pigments to be used is drastically reduced with regard to usual amounts; such reduction may reach 15% by weight or even more.
  • the clay paste used for the production of roof tiles has a water content of 23%.
  • the clay after being processed and homogenized in a kneader, is passed through an extruder and further conveyed on a transport belt in the form of a continuous rectangular block.
  • the pigment slurry is a mixture of manganese oxide and a mould release agent.
  • the pigment slurry which is prepared and stored in a product tank has the following composition :
  • the density of the slurry is about 2,147 kg/l and the viscosity cup Ford n°4 is 49 seconds at 20°C.
  • the mould release agent has the following composition by weight.
  • the viscosity of the mould release agent is 4,2 mm 2 /s at 40°C and its density is 0.880.
  • the pigment slurry pumped with a peristaltic pump, drops on the rectangular clay block leaving the extruder.
  • the amount of pigment slurry applied is 2g per roof tile, which in this example is 58 ml/minute.
  • the pigment slurry is uniformly spread on the clay surface by means of two brushes and the clay surface is subsequently cut up by a knife to the desired length.
  • the rectangular clay blocks having approximately the dimensions of the roof tile, first pass through a machine to be pressurized. This improves the compactness of the clay without changing the form of the clay block.
  • the clay blocks are finally put in a machine with three revolving moulds, each with a piston pushing the clay in the desired form by a kind of forming process.
  • the tiles are demoulded and dried at a temperature of about 40°C alongside the walls of the furnace.
  • The are finally fired in a furnace at 950°C.
  • Clay roof tiles with a uniformly black colour are being produced with no tile rejection based on colour defects, other surface defects or cracks.
  • the mould release agent is a mixture of kerosene and 3% of lecithine of soja.
  • the above-described mould release agent is stored in a product tank and the pigment slurry, containing a blend corresponding to a mixture of 50 kg of manganese oxide and 24 l of mould release agent, is stored in a second product tank.
  • the density of release agent is 0,840 kg/l.
  • the density of the slurry is 1,532 kg/l and the viscosity of the slurry is cup Ford 4 : 30 seconds at 20°C.
  • Both mould release agent and pigment slurry are pumped through separate peristaltic pumps through separate product lines. Preoiling takes place with the pure release agent at a rate of 40 ml/min and the pigment slurry is dropping on the clay surface at a rate of 60 ml/min, corresponding to 5,2 g/tile immediately thereafter.
  • the release agent and the pigment/release agent slurry are dropping onto the clay.
  • the clay roof tiles have a quite uniform black colour with no tile rejection based on a lack of colour uniformity.
  • the mould release composition of the present invention unables to decrease the consumption of the pigment by about 15% by weight based on the total consumption of pigment and we note also a reduction of the amount of mould release agent of about 50% by weight.
  • the mould release agent and the pigment slurry are identical to those of example 2, but the quantity of the pigment slurry is lowered to match the same amount of pigment per tile as in example 1. Production is impossible, not due to demoulding problems, but because of differences in colour on the clay tile, giving therefore a 100% rejection.
  • the following mould release agent is prepared with (% by weight)
  • a pigment slurry is prepared by blending :
  • the pigment slurry is applied as in example 1.
  • the clay roof tiles have a uniform black colour with no product rejection.
  • the following mould release agent is prepared with (% by weight)
  • a pigment slurry is prepared by blending :
  • the pigment slurry is applied as in example 1.
  • the clay roof tiles have a uniform black colour with no product rejection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
EP19970102117 1996-02-15 1997-02-11 Trennmittel für Formlinge aus Ton Expired - Lifetime EP0790111B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19970102117 EP0790111B1 (de) 1996-02-15 1997-02-11 Trennmittel für Formlinge aus Ton

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96102267 1996-02-15
EP96102267 1996-02-15
EP19970102117 EP0790111B1 (de) 1996-02-15 1997-02-11 Trennmittel für Formlinge aus Ton

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0790111A1 true EP0790111A1 (de) 1997-08-20
EP0790111B1 EP0790111B1 (de) 2007-04-04

Family

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EP19970102117 Expired - Lifetime EP0790111B1 (de) 1996-02-15 1997-02-11 Trennmittel für Formlinge aus Ton

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP0790111B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2228246A1 (es) * 2002-04-10 2005-04-01 Sicer S.R.L. "procedimiento para la realizacion de manufacturados para la construccion".
DE102007016341A1 (de) * 2007-04-03 2008-10-16 Gerhart, Edith Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines mit einem Dekoreffekt versehenen Gefäßes
FR3077571A1 (fr) * 2018-02-06 2019-08-09 Btk Materiaux Procede de realisation d'un materiau de construction

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008045296A1 (de) 2008-09-02 2010-03-04 Byk-Chemie Gmbh Monocarbonsäureester enthaltendes Dispergiermedium für Feststoffpräparationen

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5220986A (en) * 1975-08-12 1977-02-17 Nippon Oil Co Ltd Mold releasing agent
EP0002891A1 (de) * 1977-12-02 1979-07-11 Union Carbide Corporation Verfahren zum Formen keramischer Körper unter Benützung wässeriger Schmiermittel
WO1985005066A1 (en) * 1984-05-01 1985-11-21 Kemisk Va^Erk Ko^/Ge A/S A method for improving the release of a moulded concrete body from the mould
US5133804A (en) * 1990-07-23 1992-07-28 Texaco Inc. Mold release agent and method for molding ceramics
EP0561465A1 (de) * 1992-03-20 1993-09-22 Unichema Chemie B.V. Formtrennzusammensetzung
DE9415093U1 (de) * 1994-09-16 1994-11-24 Eisl, August, 66701 Beckingen Ölmischung
EP0678363A2 (de) * 1994-03-24 1995-10-25 Chryso S.A. Konzentrat für Trennemulsion zum Trennen von hydraulischen Bindemitteln Trennemulsion und deren Verwendung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5220986A (en) * 1975-08-12 1977-02-17 Nippon Oil Co Ltd Mold releasing agent
EP0002891A1 (de) * 1977-12-02 1979-07-11 Union Carbide Corporation Verfahren zum Formen keramischer Körper unter Benützung wässeriger Schmiermittel
WO1985005066A1 (en) * 1984-05-01 1985-11-21 Kemisk Va^Erk Ko^/Ge A/S A method for improving the release of a moulded concrete body from the mould
US5133804A (en) * 1990-07-23 1992-07-28 Texaco Inc. Mold release agent and method for molding ceramics
EP0561465A1 (de) * 1992-03-20 1993-09-22 Unichema Chemie B.V. Formtrennzusammensetzung
EP0678363A2 (de) * 1994-03-24 1995-10-25 Chryso S.A. Konzentrat für Trennemulsion zum Trennen von hydraulischen Bindemitteln Trennemulsion und deren Verwendung
DE9415093U1 (de) * 1994-09-16 1994-11-24 Eisl, August, 66701 Beckingen Ölmischung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 7713, Derwent World Patents Index; Class E17, AN 77-22664Y, XP002008236 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2228246A1 (es) * 2002-04-10 2005-04-01 Sicer S.R.L. "procedimiento para la realizacion de manufacturados para la construccion".
DE102007016341A1 (de) * 2007-04-03 2008-10-16 Gerhart, Edith Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines mit einem Dekoreffekt versehenen Gefäßes
DE102007016341B4 (de) * 2007-04-03 2014-02-27 Edith Gerhart Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines mit einem Dekoreffekt versehenen Gefäßes
FR3077571A1 (fr) * 2018-02-06 2019-08-09 Btk Materiaux Procede de realisation d'un materiau de construction
WO2019155143A1 (fr) * 2018-02-06 2019-08-15 Btk Materiaux Procede de realisation d'un materiau de construction

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Publication number Publication date
EP0790111B1 (de) 2007-04-04

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