EP0786636A1 - Process and wagon for the firing of interlocking tiles - Google Patents

Process and wagon for the firing of interlocking tiles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0786636A1
EP0786636A1 EP97101201A EP97101201A EP0786636A1 EP 0786636 A1 EP0786636 A1 EP 0786636A1 EP 97101201 A EP97101201 A EP 97101201A EP 97101201 A EP97101201 A EP 97101201A EP 0786636 A1 EP0786636 A1 EP 0786636A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
car
support
supports
firing
kiln car
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97101201A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Laurenz Dipl.-Ing. Averbeck
Lothar Dipl.-Ing. Hartenstein
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Lindemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Keller GmbH
Original Assignee
Keller GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1996109474 external-priority patent/DE19609474C1/en
Application filed by Keller GmbH filed Critical Keller GmbH
Publication of EP0786636A1 publication Critical patent/EP0786636A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F26B15/16—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by wheeled trucks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0021—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge of ceramic ware
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
    • F27D3/123—Furnace cars

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for single-layer rapid firing of interlocking roof tiles and a corresponding tunnel kiln car.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a simplified and cost-effective method for cassette-free interlocking roof tile firing with rapid firing technology and corresponding kiln cars.
  • rebate roof tiles of high quality and any shape can be produced extremely economically in a simple manner, saving resources and personnel.
  • the quality corresponds to that which was previously only possible with H-cassette systems, but there is no longer any H-cassette handling.
  • the slanting of the formaling supports enables an intensive flow on the top and bottom of the interlocking bricks to be fired.
  • the optimal angle of inclination between the rear of the roof tile and the transport plane / horizontal depends on the roof tile material and is selected so that good stability is guaranteed within the interlocking roof tile without the risk of bending or deformation - this angle is advantageously about 60 to 80 °.
  • the invention relates to a method and a system for firing, as a whole, with 1 numbered interlocking roof tiles, which are known to be deformed in cross-section and whose side areas lie on different levels.
  • the molding / blank that can be removed from FIG. 4 has at least one hanging lug 1a on its rear side in the head region (ie ridge side) for hanging on roof battens and a foot fold 1b in the foot region (ie on the eaves side).
  • the rib 1c facing the hanging lug (s) 1a is pressed on the nose side at an angle which enables hanging of the blank. Due to this change in the shape of the roof tiles, it is possible to grasp a blank 1 in the opposite position to the position of use, ie in a so-called upside-down arrangement, and to move it in an inclined hanging arrangement for the loading and unloading process.
  • dried interlocking roof tile moldings 1 are loaded in one layer and with a sloping height directly onto supporting elements which can be flowed through and are adapted to the roof tile shape and which are assigned to each kiln car 2 and are assigned to each kiln car 2 in a fixed manner and at a distance from one another - and preferably overlapping one another in the transport plane - in this arrangement in Moving direction T through a combustion channel, not shown, of a tunnel furnace, in particular a rapid-fire furnace, (and fired in the process) and unloading the fired interlocking roof tiles from the molding carriers 3, 3 'remaining on the kiln car 2 (this takes place in reverse to the loading).
  • the individual molded carriers 3, 3 ' are made of refractory material and are arranged in rows above an insulated carriage plateau 4 at a distance from the latter (advantageously with a large trim width of over 2.5 m). They are carried by at least one support frame 5.5 'which is normally provided as part of the kiln car 2 and can be removed for car cleaning and / or repair work. For the purpose of good molding loading with the hot gas used for the heating, they are provided in the support and support part, which is designed in the manner of the cassette web of so-called H cassettes, with heating medium throughflow openings.
  • the arrangement of the wagon-shaped blank supports 3, 3 ' is such that, on the one hand, there is a sufficient flow area for the hot gases between adjacent interlocking roof tile moldings 1 and, on the other hand, due to the preferred overlap of the individual rows of roof tiles, an economical use of space is achieved despite a single-layer roof tile stocking each kiln car 2 is given.
  • the interlocking roof tile moldings 1 are placed in an inclined position on the molding supports 3, 3 'in accordance with FIGS. 1 and 2 and are supported with the end facing the carriage plate on abutments numbered 3a.
  • These abutments 3a can be formed by strips, cams or the like.
  • the sloping form reduces the risk of a fire-related warping of the roof tiles to a considerable extent - it can be used to produce interlocking roof tiles, as was previously only known from systems with H-cassettes for supporting moldings.
  • the blanks 1 to be burned are arranged on a kiln car 2 with inclined finger-like support elements 5 (made of refractory material) in a single-layer slanting.
  • support brackets with at least two holding fingers are provided for each blank.
  • the angle enclosed between the kiln car plateau 4 and the back of the roof tiles is preferably approximately 60-80 °.
  • the individual interlocking roof tile blanks 1 are pivoted between the horizontal and inclined positions by means of a charger, numbered 6 as a whole.
  • This charger 6 is preferably designed like a rake and has a horizontal pivot axis 7, on which a plurality of holding elements 8 are arranged for the rear detection of blanks 1 to be burned or fired roof tiles.
  • These holding elements 8 are designed as support and hook elements (see FIGS. 2 and 3) and interact with the roof tile rear side largely in a form-fitting manner.
  • Each interlocking tile (molding) is recorded individually.
  • the individual blanks 1 are transported in groups (at a distance from one another) and stopped in a takeover position in such a way that the charger 6 can take over a blank group.
  • the necessary lifting movements are at the discretion of the specialist.
  • As soon as the rake-shaped charger 6 is moved beneath the horizontally lying blanks 1, a positive connection between the individual hook-like holding elements 8 and the blanks 1 can be produced by slight horizontal movement.
  • the charger 6 is brought together with the blank group to be moved by it into the inclined position and position required for the loading process. Then, according to FIG. 2, the entire unit can be lowered on an incline until the blanks 1 rest with their ridge end (head end) on the carriage's own abutments 3a.
  • the finger-like holding elements 8 of the charger 6 can now be moved between the car's own support elements, which are numbered 5, and the charger 6 can be lifted out of the area of the furnace car trimmings.
  • the unloading process is carried out in reverse order.
  • the movement sequence of the blank laying down is shown by arrows with solid lines and the roof tile removal is shown by arrows with dashed lines.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)

Abstract

A process for rapidly firing channelled tiles involves loading dried tile mouldings (1) as a single layer charge of spaced-apart inclined mouldings directly on a support (3) which has a large charge width of over 2.5m and which is fixed on a kiln car (2). This is followed by transporting the mouldings through a rapid firing tunnel kiln, and unloading only the fired tiled (i.e. without the supports) from the kiln cars. The tunnel kiln car used is for single layer firing of channelled tiles by the above process. The car has a refractory moulding reception device which is located above a heat insulated car base (4) and below which a heating medium flows. The reception is provided with several moulding supports (3) on or in a support frame (5) mounted on the car structure, the main support faces of the supports being inclined to the vertical. Each support (3) supports at least one tile moulding (1), and consists of refractory material and has heating medium passage openings and support elements and/or faces matching the shape of the tile underside. Preferably, the supports (3) consist of a ceramic-based refractory material such as cordierite or silicon carbide.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum einlagigen Schnellbrand von Falzdachziegeln sowie einen entsprechenden Tunnelofenwagen.The invention relates to a method for single-layer rapid firing of interlocking roof tiles and a corresponding tunnel kiln car.

Bei den bisher in der Praxis bekannten Anlagen mit Schnellbrandtechnik werden die zu brennenden Dachziegel-Formlinge auf Rollen (bei Rollenöfen) oder H-Kassetten (bei Tunnelöfen mit Transportwagen) durch den Brenntunnel bewegt. Der Dachziegel-Schnellbrand in Rollenöfen erfordert spezielle Dachziegelmodelle und ist somit nicht immer durchführbar - außerdem tritt durch das Material-Walken oftmals eine nachteilige Verformung aufund somit wird häufig minderwertige Ware produziert. Bei Verwendung von H-Kassetten ist einerseits eine konstruktionsaufwendige und teure Anlage erforderlich und andererseits ein nachteiliges Handling für die H-Kassetten-Beladung auf den Ofenwagen sowie H-Kassetten-Entladung von demselben gegeben.In the previously known systems with rapid firing technology, the roof tile moldings to be fired are moved through the firing tunnel on rollers (in the case of roller furnaces) or H-cassettes (in the case of tunnel furnaces with transport trolleys). Rapid roof tile firing in roller ovens requires special roof tile models and is therefore not always feasible - in addition, material flexing often results in disadvantageous deformation, which means that low-quality goods are often produced. When using H-cassettes, on the one hand a complex and expensive system is required and on the other hand there is disadvantageous handling for loading H-cassettes onto the kiln car and unloading H-cassettes from the same.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein vereinfachtes und kostengünstigeres Verfahren zum kassettenlosen Falzdachziegel-Brennen mit Schnellbrandtechnik sowie entsprechende Ofenwagen zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide a simplified and cost-effective method for cassette-free interlocking roof tile firing with rapid firing technology and corresponding kiln cars.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch ein Verfahren gemäß Patentanspruch 1sowie Tunnelofenwagen gemäß Patentanspruch 5 gelöst. Die Unteransprüche ergeben vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen.According to the invention, this is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and a tunnel kiln car according to claim 5. The subclaims result in advantageous refinements.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage können auf einfache, Betriebsmittel und Personal einsparende Weise Falzdachziegel von hoher Qualität und beliebiger Formgestaltung äußerst wirtschaftlich erzeugt werden. Die Qualität entspricht derjenigen, die bisher nur mit H-Kassetten-Anlagen möglich war, es entfällt jedoch jegliches H-Kassetten-Handling.With the system according to the invention, rebate roof tiles of high quality and any shape can be produced extremely economically in a simple manner, saving resources and personnel. The quality corresponds to that which was previously only possible with H-cassette systems, but there is no longer any H-cassette handling.

Die Schrägstellung der Formalingsträger ermöglicht eine intensive oben- und untenseitige Beströmung der zu brennenden Falzziegel-Formlinge. Der optimale Neigungswinkel zwischen Dachziegel-Rückseite und der Transportebene/Horizontalen hängt vom Dachziegelmaterial ab und wird so gewählt, daß eine gute Stabilität innerhalb des Falzdachziegels ohne Durchbiegungs- oder Verformungsgefahr gewährleistet ist - vorteilhafterweise beträgt dieser Winkel etwa 60 bis 80 °.The slanting of the formaling supports enables an intensive flow on the top and bottom of the interlocking bricks to be fired. The optimal angle of inclination between the rear of the roof tile and the transport plane / horizontal depends on the roof tile material and is selected so that good stability is guaranteed within the interlocking roof tile without the risk of bending or deformation - this angle is advantageously about 60 to 80 °.

Aufgrund der bevorzugten Überlappung zwischen in Ofenwagen-Transportrichtung beabstandet hintereinanderliegenden Formlingsreihen ergibt sich eine besonders ökonomische Raumausnutzung aufjedem Ofenwagen - der Grad solcher Überlappung hängt von dem Formlingsmaß in der Höhenrichtung des Tunnelofens, dem Neigungswinkel der Schrägstellung zur Vertikalen sowie dem für das sichere Be- und Entladen erforderlichen Abstandsmaß zwischen hintereinanderliegenden Reihen ab.Due to the preferred overlap between rows of moldings which are spaced one behind the other in the kiln car transport direction, there is a particularly economical use of space on each kiln car - the degree of such overlap depends on the molded item in the height direction of the tunnel kiln, the angle of inclination of the inclined position to the vertical, and that for safe loading and unloading required distance between rows one behind the other.

Auf der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt und werden nachfolgend näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht eines Teilbereichs eines Ofenwagens mit in Schräglage auf wageneigenen Formlingsträgern aufliegendem Besatz aus Falzdachziegel-Formlingen,
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht einer abgeänderten Ausführung mit Prinzipskizze der Ofenwagen-Beladung (ausgezogene Pfeile) bzw. Entladung (gestrichelte Pfeile),
Fig. 3
eine Stirnansicht des Ofenwagen-Aufbaus mit Stützelementen für die einzelnen Falzdachziegel und
Fig. 4
einen Längsschnitt durch einen Preßfalzziegel.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1
2 shows a side view of a partial area of a kiln car with trimmings made of interlocking roof tile moldings lying in an inclined position on the car's own mold carriers,
Fig. 2
a side view of a modified version with a schematic diagram of the loading of the kiln car (solid arrows) or unloading (dashed arrows),
Fig. 3
an end view of the kiln car body with support elements for the individual interlocking roof tiles and
Fig. 4
a longitudinal section through a press tile.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Anlage zum Brennen von als Ganzes mit 1 bezifferten Falzdachziegeln, die bekanntlich im Querschnitt verformt sind und deren Seitenbereiche auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen liegen. Der aus Fig. 4 (dort nur beispielhaft aufgezeigt) entnehmbare Formling/Rohling besitzt an seiner Rückseite im Kopfbereich (d. h. Firstseite) mindestens eine Aufhängenase 1a zum Aufhängen auf Dachlatten und im Fußbereich (d. h. traufseitig) eine Fußverfalzung 1b. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 2 ist die der/den Aufhängenase(n) 1a zugewandte Rippe 1c nasenseitig mit einem ein Rohlings-Aufhängen ermöglichenden Winkel gepreßt. Aufgrund dieser Abänderung der Dachziegel-Formgebung ist es möglich einen Rohling 1 umgekehrt zur Gebrauchslage, d. h. in sogenannter kopfstehender Anordnung, zu erfassen und für den Belade- und Entlade-Vorgang in schräger Hängeanordnung zu bewegen.The invention relates to a method and a system for firing, as a whole, with 1 numbered interlocking roof tiles, which are known to be deformed in cross-section and whose side areas lie on different levels. The molding / blank that can be removed from FIG. 4 (shown only by way of example) has at least one hanging lug 1a on its rear side in the head region (ie ridge side) for hanging on roof battens and a foot fold 1b in the foot region (ie on the eaves side). In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, the rib 1c facing the hanging lug (s) 1a is pressed on the nose side at an angle which enables hanging of the blank. Due to this change in the shape of the roof tiles, it is possible to grasp a blank 1 in the opposite position to the position of use, ie in a so-called upside-down arrangement, and to move it in an inclined hanging arrangement for the loading and unloading process.

Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden getrocknete Falzdachziegel-Formlinge 1 einlagig und höhenmäßig schrägliegend direkt auf gasdurchströmbare und mit der Dachziegelform angepaßten Stützelementen versehene, einem jeden Ofenwagen 2 ortsfest zugeordnete Formlingsträger 3 mit Abstand zueinander - sowie vorzugsweise in der Transportebene einander überlappend - aufgeladen, in dieser Anordnung in Transportrichtung T durch einen nicht dargestellten Brennkanal eines insbesondere als Schnellbrandofen ausgeführten Tunnelofens bewegt (und dabei gebrannt) sowie die gebrannten Falzdachziegel von den am Ofenwagen 2 verbleibenden Formlingsträgern 3,3' entladen (wobei dies umgekehrt zur Beladung erfolgt).In the method according to the invention, dried interlocking roof tile moldings 1 are loaded in one layer and with a sloping height directly onto supporting elements which can be flowed through and are adapted to the roof tile shape and which are assigned to each kiln car 2 and are assigned to each kiln car 2 in a fixed manner and at a distance from one another - and preferably overlapping one another in the transport plane - in this arrangement in Moving direction T through a combustion channel, not shown, of a tunnel furnace, in particular a rapid-fire furnace, (and fired in the process) and unloading the fired interlocking roof tiles from the molding carriers 3, 3 'remaining on the kiln car 2 (this takes place in reverse to the loading).

Die einzelnen Formlingsträger 3,3' bestehen aus feuerfestem Material und sind oberhalb eines isolierten Wagenplateaus 4 mit Abstand zu demselben reihenweise (vorteilhafterweise mit großer Besatz-Breite von über 2,5 m) angeordnet. Sie werden von mindestens einem am Ofenwagen 2 normalerweise als Bestandteil desselben vorgesehenen - für Wagenreinigungsarbeiten und/oder Reparaturarbeiten ggf. abnehmbaren - Traggestell 5,5' getragen. Zwecks guter Formlingsbeaufschlagung mit dem für die Aufheizung eingesetzten Heißgas sind sie im Stütz- und Tragteil, welches in der Art des Kassettenstegs von sogenannten H-Kassetten ausgeführt ist, mit Heizmedium-Durchströmöffnungen versehen.The individual molded carriers 3, 3 'are made of refractory material and are arranged in rows above an insulated carriage plateau 4 at a distance from the latter (advantageously with a large trim width of over 2.5 m). They are carried by at least one support frame 5.5 'which is normally provided as part of the kiln car 2 and can be removed for car cleaning and / or repair work. For the purpose of good molding loading with the hot gas used for the heating, they are provided in the support and support part, which is designed in the manner of the cassette web of so-called H cassettes, with heating medium throughflow openings.

Die Anordnung der wageneigenen Formlingsträger 3,3' ist dabei derart, daß einerseits zwischen benachbarten Falzdachziegel-Formlingen 1 rundum ein ausreichender Durchströmungsraum für die Heißgase besteht und andererseits aufgrund der bevorzugten Überlappung der einzelnen Dachziegel-Querreihen trotz eines einlagigen Dachziegel-Besatzes eine ökonomische Platzausnutzung auf jedem Ofenwagen 2 gegeben ist.The arrangement of the wagon-shaped blank supports 3, 3 'is such that, on the one hand, there is a sufficient flow area for the hot gases between adjacent interlocking roof tile moldings 1 and, on the other hand, due to the preferred overlap of the individual rows of roof tiles, an economical use of space is achieved despite a single-layer roof tile stocking each kiln car 2 is given.

Die Falzdachziegel-Formlinge 1 sind entsprechend 1 und 2 in Schräglage auf den Formlingsträgern 3,3' aufgelegt und stützen sich mit dem wagenplateauseitigen Ende auf mit 3a bezifferten Widerlagern ab. Diese Widerlager 3a können von Leisten, Nocken oder dgl. gebildet sein. Die Formlingsschräglage mindert die Gefahr eines brandbedingten Dachziegel-Verzuges im erheblichen Maße - es können somit Falzdachziegel erzeugt werden, wie es bisher nur von Anlagen mit H-Kassetten für die Formlingsunterstützung bekannt war.The interlocking roof tile moldings 1 are placed in an inclined position on the molding supports 3, 3 'in accordance with FIGS. 1 and 2 and are supported with the end facing the carriage plate on abutments numbered 3a. These abutments 3a can be formed by strips, cams or the like. The sloping form reduces the risk of a fire-related warping of the roof tiles to a considerable extent - it can be used to produce interlocking roof tiles, as was previously only known from systems with H-cassettes for supporting moldings.

Beim 2. Ausführungsbeispiel (vgl. Figur 2) werden die zu brennenden Rohlinge 1 auf einem Ofenwagen 2 mit schräggestellt zugeordneten fingerartigen Stützelementen 5 (aus feuerfestem Material) in einlagigem Schrägbesatz angordnet. Entsprechend schematischer Darstellung in Figur 3 sind für jeden Rohling 1 Stützhalterungen mit mindestens zwei Haltefingern vorgesehen. Der zwischen dem Ofenwagen-Plateau 4 und der Dachziegel-Rückseite eingeschlossene Winkel beträgt vorzugsweise etwa 60 - 80°.In the second exemplary embodiment (see FIG. 2), the blanks 1 to be burned are arranged on a kiln car 2 with inclined finger-like support elements 5 (made of refractory material) in a single-layer slanting. Corresponding to the schematic representation in FIG. 3, support brackets with at least two holding fingers are provided for each blank. The angle enclosed between the kiln car plateau 4 and the back of the roof tiles is preferably approximately 60-80 °.

Dabei werden die einzelnen Falzdachziegel-Rohlinge 1 mittels eines als Ganzes mit 6 bezifferten Ladegerätes zwischen horizontaler und geneigter Position verschwenkt. Dieses Ladegerät 6 ist vorzugsweise rechenartig ausgebildet und besitzt eine horizontale Schwenkachse 7, an der eine Vielzahl von Halteelementen 8 zum rückseitigen Erfassen von zu brennenden Rohlingen 1 oder gebrannten Dachziegeln angeordnet sind. Diese Halteelemente 8 sind als Stütz- und Hakenelement ausgeführt (vgl. Figur 2 und 3) und wirken mit der Dachziegel-Rückseite weitgehend formschlüssig zusammen. Jeder Falzziegel(formling) wird einzeln erfaßt. Beim erfindungsgemäßen Handling werden die einzelnen Rohlinge 1 gruppenweise (dabei mit Abstand zueinander) antransportiert und in einer Übernahmeposition derart stillgesetzt, daß das Ladegerät 6 eine Rohlingsgruppe übernehmen kann. Die erforderlichen Hubbewegungen liegen im Ermessen des Fachmannes. Sobald das rechenartig ausgebildete Ladegerät 6 unter die horizontal liegenden Rohlinge 1 verfahren ist, kann durch geringfügige Horizontalbewegung ein Formschluß zwischen den einzelnen hakenartigen Halteelementen 8 und den Rohlingen 1 hergestellt werden.The individual interlocking roof tile blanks 1 are pivoted between the horizontal and inclined positions by means of a charger, numbered 6 as a whole. This charger 6 is preferably designed like a rake and has a horizontal pivot axis 7, on which a plurality of holding elements 8 are arranged for the rear detection of blanks 1 to be burned or fired roof tiles. These holding elements 8 are designed as support and hook elements (see FIGS. 2 and 3) and interact with the roof tile rear side largely in a form-fitting manner. Each interlocking tile (molding) is recorded individually. In the handling according to the invention, the individual blanks 1 are transported in groups (at a distance from one another) and stopped in a takeover position in such a way that the charger 6 can take over a blank group. The necessary lifting movements are at the discretion of the specialist. As soon as the rake-shaped charger 6 is moved beneath the horizontally lying blanks 1, a positive connection between the individual hook-like holding elements 8 and the blanks 1 can be produced by slight horizontal movement.

Danach wird das Ladegerät 6 samt der von diesem zu bewegenden Rohlingsgruppe in die für den Beladevorgang erforderliche Schräglage und Position gebracht. Dann kann entsprechend Figur 2 die gesamte Einheit auf schiefer Ebene soweit abgesenkt werden, bis die Rohlinge 1 mit ihrem Firstende (Kopfende) auf wageneigenen Widerlagern 3a aufliegen. Die fingerartigen Halteelemente 8 des Ladegerätes 6 können nun zwischen den mit 5 bezifferten wageneigenen Stützelementen verfahren und das Ladegerät 6 aus dem Bereich des Ofenwagen-Besatzes herausgehoben werden. Der Entladevorgang erfolgt sinngemäß in umgekehrter Reihenfolge. Der Bewegungsablauf des Rohling-Ablegens ist durch Pfeile mit ausgezogenen Linien und die Dachziegel-Abnahme durch Pfeile mit gestrichelten Linien dargestellt.Then the charger 6 is brought together with the blank group to be moved by it into the inclined position and position required for the loading process. Then, according to FIG. 2, the entire unit can be lowered on an incline until the blanks 1 rest with their ridge end (head end) on the carriage's own abutments 3a. The finger-like holding elements 8 of the charger 6 can now be moved between the car's own support elements, which are numbered 5, and the charger 6 can be lifted out of the area of the furnace car trimmings. The unloading process is carried out in reverse order. The movement sequence of the blank laying down is shown by arrows with solid lines and the roof tile removal is shown by arrows with dashed lines.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

11
Falzdachziegel-Formlinge / RohlingeInterlocking roof tile moldings / blanks
1a1a
AufhängenasenHanging noses
1b1b
FußverfalzungFold of the foot
1c1c
Ripperib
22nd
OfenwagenKiln car
3,3'3.3 '
FormlingsträgerBlank carrier
3a3a
WiderlagerAbutment
44th
WagenplateauWagon plateau
5,5'5.5 '
TraggestellSupport frame
66
Ladegerätcharger
77
SchwenkachseSwivel axis
88th
HalteelementeHolding elements
TT
TransportrichtungDirection of transport

Claims (8)

Verfahren zum Schnellbrand von Falzdachziegeln,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß getrocknete Dachziegel-Formlinge (1) zu einem einlagigen Besatz mit einander beabstandeten Formlingen sowie jeweils in einer aus der Vertikalen geneigten, d.h. höhenmäßigen, Schräglage direkt auf einem jeden Ofenwagen (2) ortsfest zugeordnete Formlingsträger (3,3') in großen Besatz-Breiten, von über 2,5 m, aufgeladen, durch einen Schnellbrand-Tunnelofen gefahren und gebrannt sowie die gebrannten Dachziegel alleine, d.h. ohne die sie beim Brand unterstützenden Formlingsträger (3,3'), von den wageneigenen Formlingsaufnahmen entladen werden.Process for rapid firing of interlocking roof tiles,
characterized in that dried roof tile moldings (1) form a single-layer stocking with moldings spaced apart from one another and in each case in a form carrier (3, 3 ') which is assigned to each furnace car (2) and which is inclined from the vertical, that is to say vertically, in a fixed position large trim widths, over 2.5 m, loaded, driven and fired through a rapid-fire tunnel oven, and the fired roof tiles alone, ie without the molding supports (3,3 ') that support the fire, are unloaded from the car's own molding receptacles. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, a) daß die Rohlinge (1) an ihrer Rückseite zum kopfstehenden Erfassen druch hakenartige Elemente (8) eines Ladegerätes (6) ausgebildet werden und b) daß beim Be- und Entladen der Ofenwagen (2) die Rohlinge bzw. die Dachiegel an der Rückseite erfaßt werden. A method according to claim 1, characterized in a) that the blanks (1) on their back for upside down detection by hook-like elements (8) of a charger (6) are formed and b) that when loading and unloading the kiln car (2) the blanks or roof bars are detected on the back. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, die querlaufenden Formlingsreihen in der Transportebene - und somit auch in der Draufsicht - einander überlappend vorgesehen werden.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse rows of moldings in the transport plane - and thus also in plan view - are provided to overlap one another. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einzelnen Formlinge/Rohlinge (1) mit ihrer Rückseite unter einem Winkel von 60-80°C zur Horizontalen schräggestellt werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the individual moldings / blanks (1) are inclined with their back at an angle of 60-80 ° C to the horizontal. Tunnelofenwagen zum einlagigen Brennen von Falzdachziegeln sowie zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß a) derselbe oberhalb eines wärmeisolierten Wagenplateaus (4) eine vom Heizmedium unterströmbare wageneigene feuerfeste Formlingsaufnahme(einrichtung) aufweist, b) die Formlingsaufnahme(einrichtung) an oder in einem am Wagenaufbau angeordneten Traggestell (5,5') mit einer Vielzahl von Formlingsträgern (3,3') versehen ist, die mit ihrer Hauptstützfläche aus der Vertikalen geneigt, d.h. in höhenmäßiger Schräglage, angeordnet sind, c) die wageneigenen Formlingsträger (3,3') jeweils zur Abstützung (Unterstützung) mindestens eines Dachziegel-Formlings (1) ausgebildet sind, aus feuerfestem Material bestehen und Heizmedium-Durchströmöffnungen sowie entsprechend der Dachziegel-Unterseite vorgesehene Stützelemente/Stützflächen zur formgerechten Formlingsabstützung aufweisen. Tunnel kiln car for single-layer firing of interlocking roof tiles and for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a) it has, above a heat-insulated wagon plateau (4), a wagon-specific molded article holder (device) that can be flowed through by the heating medium, b) the molded article holder (device) on or in a support frame (5,5 ') arranged on the car body is provided with a plurality of molded carriers (3,3'), which are arranged with their main support surface inclined from the vertical, ie in an inclined position are, c) the wagon-shaped blank supports (3, 3 ') are each designed to support (support) at least one roof tile blank (1), consist of refractory material and have heating medium throughflow openings and support elements / support surfaces provided according to the underside of the roof tile for shape-matching blank support . Tunnelofenwagen nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wageneigenen Formlingsträger (1) mit ihrem unteren Ende mit Abstand zum wärmeisolierten Wagenplateau (4) angeordnet sind.Tunnel kiln car according to claim 5, characterized in that the car's own molded carriers (1) are arranged with their lower end at a distance from the heat-insulated car plateau (4). Tunnelofenwagen nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die schräggestellten wageneigenen Formlingsträger (3,3') am unteren Ende mit einem Widerlager (3a) für das untere Formlingsende versehen sind.Tunnel kiln car according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the inclined wagon-shaped blank supports (3, 3 ') are provided at the lower end with an abutment (3a) for the lower blank end. Tunnelofenwagen nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wageneigenen Formlingsträger (3) aus Feuerfestmaterial auf Keramik-Basis, wie Kordierit, Siliziumkarbidk od. dgl., bestehen.Tunnel kiln car according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the car's own molded carriers (3) consist of ceramic-based refractory material such as cordierite, silicon carbide or the like.
EP97101201A 1996-01-26 1997-01-27 Process and wagon for the firing of interlocking tiles Withdrawn EP0786636A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19602777 1996-01-26
DE19602777 1996-01-26
DE1996109474 DE19609474C1 (en) 1996-03-11 1996-03-11 Rapid firing of channelled roof tiles in tunnel kiln
DE19609474 1996-03-11

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0828125A3 (en) * 1996-09-05 1998-12-09 Keller GmbH Process and drying tunnel for drying hollow block preforms
EP0889296A1 (en) * 1997-07-04 1999-01-07 EISENMANN MASCHINENBAU KG (Komplementär: EISENMANN-Stiftung) Furnace car for tiles, in particular roofing tiles and the like
EP0903552A2 (en) * 1997-04-30 1999-03-24 Keller GmbH Kiln furniture for roofing tiles
EP0913657A1 (en) * 1997-10-11 1999-05-06 Keller GmbH Roofing tile gripping device
EP0927863A1 (en) * 1997-12-30 1999-07-07 SCHUNK INGENIEURKERAMIK GmbH Kilncar ceramic superstructure for green ceramic products
DE19816704A1 (en) * 1997-12-30 1999-07-08 Schunk Ingenieurkeramik Gmbh Ceramic carriage structure for blanks made of ceramic material to be burned
DE19810411A1 (en) * 1998-03-11 1999-09-16 Schunk Ingenieurkeramik Gmbh Holder for a ceramic car body for holding blanks made of ceramic material to be burned
EP0962733A1 (en) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-08 Réfractaires et Concepts Céramiques Firing process for ceramic articles in a tunnel furnace
EP1016846A1 (en) * 1998-12-11 2000-07-05 Keller GmbH Support for firing roof tiles in a slanted position

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE564289C (en) * 1932-02-21 1932-11-15 Fritz Schlosser Dipl Ing Tunnel muffle furnace for stoneware slabs and base plate for use in the furnace
DE2311178A1 (en) * 1973-03-07 1974-09-12 Riedhammer Ludwig Fa FURNITURE FOR CERAMIC PANELS
DE7926755U1 (en) * 1979-09-21 1980-04-10 Fa. Robert Thomas, 5908 Neunkirchen FRAME FOR RECEIVING CERAMIC MOLDED BODIES
DE3425625A1 (en) * 1984-07-12 1986-01-16 Andreas Ing.(grad.) 7904 Erbach Häßler Method and apparatus for transporting and drying clay roof tiles
DE3719506A1 (en) * 1987-06-11 1988-12-29 Haessler Andreas Suspension device with pressed brick for suspending the same for baking
EP0519212A1 (en) * 1991-06-19 1992-12-23 Ceric Anlagenbau GmbH Roofing tiles and process for their production

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE564289C (en) * 1932-02-21 1932-11-15 Fritz Schlosser Dipl Ing Tunnel muffle furnace for stoneware slabs and base plate for use in the furnace
DE2311178A1 (en) * 1973-03-07 1974-09-12 Riedhammer Ludwig Fa FURNITURE FOR CERAMIC PANELS
DE7926755U1 (en) * 1979-09-21 1980-04-10 Fa. Robert Thomas, 5908 Neunkirchen FRAME FOR RECEIVING CERAMIC MOLDED BODIES
DE3425625A1 (en) * 1984-07-12 1986-01-16 Andreas Ing.(grad.) 7904 Erbach Häßler Method and apparatus for transporting and drying clay roof tiles
DE3719506A1 (en) * 1987-06-11 1988-12-29 Haessler Andreas Suspension device with pressed brick for suspending the same for baking
EP0519212A1 (en) * 1991-06-19 1992-12-23 Ceric Anlagenbau GmbH Roofing tiles and process for their production

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0828125A3 (en) * 1996-09-05 1998-12-09 Keller GmbH Process and drying tunnel for drying hollow block preforms
EP0903552A2 (en) * 1997-04-30 1999-03-24 Keller GmbH Kiln furniture for roofing tiles
EP0903553A2 (en) * 1997-04-30 1999-03-24 Keller GmbH Process and installation for the firing of roofing tiles
EP0903553A3 (en) * 1997-04-30 1999-04-07 Keller GmbH Process and installation for the firing of roofing tiles
EP0903552A3 (en) * 1997-04-30 1999-04-07 Keller GmbH Kiln furniture for roofing tiles
EP0889296A1 (en) * 1997-07-04 1999-01-07 EISENMANN MASCHINENBAU KG (Komplementär: EISENMANN-Stiftung) Furnace car for tiles, in particular roofing tiles and the like
EP0913657A1 (en) * 1997-10-11 1999-05-06 Keller GmbH Roofing tile gripping device
EP0927863A1 (en) * 1997-12-30 1999-07-07 SCHUNK INGENIEURKERAMIK GmbH Kilncar ceramic superstructure for green ceramic products
DE19816704A1 (en) * 1997-12-30 1999-07-08 Schunk Ingenieurkeramik Gmbh Ceramic carriage structure for blanks made of ceramic material to be burned
DE19810411A1 (en) * 1998-03-11 1999-09-16 Schunk Ingenieurkeramik Gmbh Holder for a ceramic car body for holding blanks made of ceramic material to be burned
EP0962733A1 (en) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-08 Réfractaires et Concepts Céramiques Firing process for ceramic articles in a tunnel furnace
FR2779513A1 (en) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-10 Refractaires Et Concepts Ceram PROCESS FOR COOKING CERAMIC ARTICLES IN A TUNNEL OVEN
EP1016846A1 (en) * 1998-12-11 2000-07-05 Keller GmbH Support for firing roof tiles in a slanted position

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