EP0782664B1 - Device for driving the accessories of a motor vehicle combustion engine - Google Patents

Device for driving the accessories of a motor vehicle combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0782664B1
EP0782664B1 EP95931250A EP95931250A EP0782664B1 EP 0782664 B1 EP0782664 B1 EP 0782664B1 EP 95931250 A EP95931250 A EP 95931250A EP 95931250 A EP95931250 A EP 95931250A EP 0782664 B1 EP0782664 B1 EP 0782664B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive
drive device
accessories
speed
engine
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP95931250A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0782664A1 (en
Inventor
Cathy Berdah
Christophe Brient
Gonzalo Hennequet
Jean-Luc Kerzreho
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Renault SAS
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Renault SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B67/00—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B67/04—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus
    • F02B67/06—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus driven by means of chains, belts, or like endless members

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to drive devices for motors internal combustion of motor vehicles.
  • These motors drive accessories, such as the alternator, the hydraulic pump of the power steering, the compressor device air conditioning, etc., via a belt device with a transmission ratio fixed.
  • compressor device air conditioning it is desirable to train it only when the air conditioning system is used and this depending on the conditions of use and with a variable transmission ratio so that it works under conditions close to its optimum yield.
  • EP-A-0 135 790 and DE-A-4 230 581 show devices driving accessories in which the speed values for operating the gear changes transmission are pre-established.
  • the present invention proposes to provide a accessory drive device for a motor internal combustion which allows to train the different accessories at optimum speed and only when used.
  • the present invention relates to a drive system for engine accessories internal combustion of a motor vehicle, such as in particular that the alternator, the hydraulic pump of the power steering, the compressor device air conditioning, comprising a member (3,4,5; 11,15,16) variable transmission ratio drive presenting at least two different training reports which is driven by the crankshaft (2), characterized in that it includes a processor (7) which controls said member (3,4,5; 11,15,16) of training so that each gear change is effected according to a speed of adapted threshold ( ⁇ s) of the crankshaft (2), said threshold value being calculated by said processor (7), according to the conditions the engine (1) and depending on the performance of the accessories (6).
  • a drive system for engine accessories internal combustion of a motor vehicle such as in particular that the alternator, the hydraulic pump of the power steering, the compressor device air conditioning, comprising a member (3,4,5; 11,15,16) variable transmission ratio drive presenting at least two different training reports which is driven by the crankshaft (2), characterized in that it includes a processor (7) which controls said member
  • the organ at least one deactivation device an accessory controlled by the processor.
  • the deactivation device may consist of a mechanical or electromagnetic clutch, the declutching is controlled by the processor.
  • the alternator In the case of the alternator, it consists of a device to suppress excitation current.
  • the organ drive consists of a belt variator trapezoidal.
  • the drive member is constituted by a variator hydrostatic including a displacement pump variable supplying at least one hydraulic motor with constant displacement.
  • the drive member is a variator toroidal consisting of two concave toroidal surfaces facing each other on which a or more hemispherical elements including the tilt axis defines the transmission ratio.
  • the drive member is a variator presenting a finite number of transmission reports.
  • the drive member is a variator presenting two transmission ratios and the processor controls the transition from a transmission ratio to the other.
  • a threshold value is determined taking into account the operation of the engine at zero charge.
  • the current excitation is removed when the throttle control is greater than a threshold value.
  • crankshaft 2 drives a relative drive member variable transmission consisting of a variator 3, such than a V-belt drive, at the outlet which is fixed an accessory casing 4 which drives, through n clutches 5, n different accessories 6.
  • a variator 3 such than a V-belt drive
  • Each accessory is driven at a speed of specific rotation ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ... ⁇ n.
  • the device according to the invention also comprises a processor, such as a microcomputer 7, which receives operating data from different accessories 6, via an electronic circuit 9 such as a multiplexer, and information concerning the engine speed and coming from the crankshaft 2
  • a processor such as a microcomputer 7, which receives operating data from different accessories 6, via an electronic circuit 9 such as a multiplexer, and information concerning the engine speed and coming from the crankshaft 2
  • This processor calculates, from the data of operation and speed, set values used to control the values of the transmission ratios for each accessory, on the basis of a program stored in the processor. These setpoints are sent to an electronic circuit 8 which develops the ordering instructions and distributes them to the drive 3 and clutches 5.
  • the variator 3 is permanently driven by the motor at a speed ⁇ m proportional to the speed of the motor and it provides output on at least one shaft of output a speed ⁇ va controlled by processor 7.
  • the accessories housing 4 has several shafts of output rotating at different speeds ⁇ 1 to ⁇ n. The different accessories 6 are therefore trained to different speeds, each through a clutch 5 which deactivates the accessory matching when not in use.
  • each accessory can be driven at a specific speed which is adapted to his technical characteristics and its conditions of operation, each accessory can be uncoupled when not in use.
  • the drive speed control strategy of each accessory is as follows. Each accessory is driven at a speed proportional to that of the engine as long as it is not greater at a predetermined threshold.
  • each accessory is driven at a speed constant independent of motor speed; this constant speed is optimized by processor 7 in function of a calculation algorithm and data from operation.
  • the variator can be a belt variator trapezoidal to obtain a constant speed by acting on a pulley. This can be achieved by acting hydraulically by means of a piston.
  • the algorithm for calculating the drive speed allows to obtain the optimal speed taking into account operating conditions so as to reduce strongly the power absorbed by the accessories, especially at high revs, and as a result of increasing the overall engine efficiency.
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents a mode of realization of the invention.
  • the crankshaft drives a drive unit 11 with two transmission ratios so as to drive an alternator 12 at a speed ⁇ 1 a power steering pump 13 at a speed ⁇ 2, and an air conditioning compressor 14 at a speed ⁇ 3.
  • the pump 13 is driven via a deactivation device consisting of a clutch 15.
  • the deactivation consists of a suppression device excitation current.
  • the deactivation device consists of a clutch 16.
  • FIG. 3 schematically represents an engine 1 equipped with an accessory drive in accordance with the present invention, therein is the processor 7, the two-speed converter transmission 11, the alternator 12 which is driven to the speed ⁇ 1, the power steering pump 13 which is driven at speed ⁇ 2, and the air conditioning compressor 14 which is driven at speed ⁇ 3, these two last accessories being dragged together by a same belt.
  • the two transmission ratios of the device 11 are used as follows.
  • the first report is used for low diets with a ratio global to ensure the benefits of the accessory in slow motion as in the case of training in fixed ratio.
  • the second report of the variator 11 reduces the report overall training of each accessory for tops schemes so as to operate the accessory to a regime for which its performance is optimal.
  • Figure 4 represents the law of evolution of the mode gear change according to the electrical balance regarding the alternator.
  • the evaluation of the electrical balance consists in comparing the average value of the Ubatmoy battery voltage with a nominal battery voltage Ubatnom and in incrementing or decrementing the value Cnt of an up-down counter, this value Cnt constituting an image of this balance electric.
  • the Cnt value of the up-down counter is included between 0 and 255; f is a voltage filter and a and b are coefficients that are chosen to get the desired sensitivity.
  • the gear change speed ⁇ s varies between two values ⁇ smin and ⁇ saltmax for balance sheet values between two values Cnt1 and Cnt2 according to the law described in figure 4. If Cnt is greater than Cnt2, the speed ⁇ s is equal to ⁇ smin and if Cnt is less than Cnt1, it is equal to nsaltmax.
  • the minimum value ⁇ smin is set so that respect the minimum alternator and power steering.
  • the maximum value ⁇ saltmax is calculated so to ensure a satisfactory electrical balance for a maximum power consumption, and must be less at the value ⁇ smax corresponding to the maximum speeds of the accessories.
  • the speed minimum threshold is fixed at a higher ⁇ sb value or equal to ⁇ smin.
  • the threshold speed increases by an amount d ⁇ closed periodically, the period being equal to Tclimax, as can be seen in Figure 5.
  • the maximum speed is fixed at a value ⁇ smax which is compatible with the maximum regimes of all accessories, and which is greater than or equal to ⁇ saltmax.
  • the gear change regime also takes into account the engine load.
  • the angle of the intake throttle being zero, which occurs during braking or when going downhill, the following additional condition is imposed: ⁇ s ⁇ ⁇ sb + d ⁇ sfr where d ⁇ sfr is the variation of the speed of passage for a zero engine load.
  • the final gear change speed is determined as follows.
  • the transition from the first R1 report to the second R2 ratio is performed for an engine speed, ⁇ mot, greater than or equal to ⁇ s1 and the reverse passage is performed for an engine speed less than or equal to ⁇ s2 as shown in Figure 6.
  • the chosen ⁇ s value will be supplied to this calculator for allow it to anticipate the order of the injection.
  • the pump release is delayed.
  • the excitation current of the alternator can be cut as shown in figure 7 which is a curve of the excitation current as a function of time.
  • this cut of excitement is carried out as quickly as possible.
  • the excitation current is restored by avoiding abrupt charging of the alternator by limiting the slope of the variation of the excitation current by imposing a ramp Tm of fixed value or dependent on the engine speed.
  • the drive ratio chosen is the "economic" report, namely the second R2 report.
  • the transmission ratio is blocked on the value R2 so as not to damage the accessories at high diet.
  • the invention makes it possible to operate accessories in optimal conditions while avoiding excess consumption of the engine and protecting the accessories, in particular the alternator, for extreme engine speeds.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Drives, Propulsion Controls, And Safety Devices (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne des dispositifs d'entraínement de moteurs à combustion interne des véhicules automobiles.The present invention relates to drive devices for motors internal combustion of motor vehicles.

Ces moteurs entraínent des accessoires, tels que l'alternateur, la pompe hydraulique du dispositif de direction assistée, le compresseur du dispositif de climatisation, etc ...., par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif à courroie dont le rapport de transmission est fixe.These motors drive accessories, such as the alternator, the hydraulic pump of the power steering, the compressor device air conditioning, etc., via a belt device with a transmission ratio fixed.

Il en résulte que ces accessoires sont entraínés en permanence à une vitesse variable proportionnelle à la vitesse de rotation du vilebrequin et qu'il est donc impossible de faire tourner chaque accessoire à une vitesse optimale, quel que soit le régime du moteur.It follows that these accessories are driven in permanence at a variable speed proportional to the rotational speed of the crankshaft and that it is therefore impossible to rotate each accessory to a optimal speed, whatever the engine speed.

Cela est néfaste pour le rendement global du moteur. Ainsi, à haut régime, l'alternateur tourne à une vitesse trop élevée, ce qui diminue son rendement. De même, il serait souhaitable de pouvoir supprimer l'entraínement de la pompe de direction assistée lorsque la vitesse du véhicule dépasse une certaine valeur de seuil.This is detrimental to the overall performance of the engine. Thus, at high speed, the alternator turns at a speed too high, which decreases its efficiency. Of even, it would be desirable to be able to remove the training of the power steering pump when the vehicle speed exceeds a certain threshold value.

En ce qui concerne le compresseur du dispositif de climatisation, il est souhaitable de l'entraíner seulement lorsque le dispositif de climatisation est utilisé et cela en fonction des conditions d'utilisation et avec un rapport de transmission variable afin qu'il fonctionne dans des conditions proches de son rendement optimum.Regarding the compressor device air conditioning, it is desirable to train it only when the air conditioning system is used and this depending on the conditions of use and with a variable transmission ratio so that it works under conditions close to its optimum yield.

L'ensemble de ces mesures permet de réduire la consommation, en particulier lorsque le régime du moteur est élevé.All of these measures reduce the consumption, especially when the engine speed is high.

EP-A-0 135 790 et DE-A-4 230 581 montrent des dispositifs d'entaínement des accessoires dans lesquels les valeurs de régime pour opérer les changements de rapport de transmission sont pré-établies.EP-A-0 135 790 and DE-A-4 230 581 show devices driving accessories in which the speed values for operating the gear changes transmission are pre-established.

La présente invention se propose de fournir un dispositif d'entraínement des accessoires d'un moteur à combustion interne qui permet d'entraíner les différents accessoires à une vitesse de rotation optimale et seulement lorsqu'ils sont utilisés. The present invention proposes to provide a accessory drive device for a motor internal combustion which allows to train the different accessories at optimum speed and only when used.

A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet un dispositif d'entraínement des accessoires du moteur à combustion interne d'un véhicule automobile, tels notamment que l'alternateur, la pompe hydraulique du dispositif de direction assistée, le compresseur du dispositif de climatisation, comportant un organe (3,4,5;11,15,16) d'entraínement à rapport de transmission variable présentant au moins deux rapports d'entraínement différents qui est entraíné par le vilebrequin (2), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un processeur (7) qui commande ledit organe (3,4,5;11,15,16) d'entraínement de telle sorte que chaque changement de rapport est opéré en fonction d'une vitesse de seuil (Ωs) adaptée du vilebrequin (2), ladite valeur de seuil étant calculée par ledit processeur (7), suivant les conditions de fonctionnement du moteur (1) et suivant les prestations des accessoires (6).To this end, the present invention relates to a drive system for engine accessories internal combustion of a motor vehicle, such as in particular that the alternator, the hydraulic pump of the power steering, the compressor device air conditioning, comprising a member (3,4,5; 11,15,16) variable transmission ratio drive presenting at least two different training reports which is driven by the crankshaft (2), characterized in that it includes a processor (7) which controls said member (3,4,5; 11,15,16) of training so that each gear change is effected according to a speed of adapted threshold (Ωs) of the crankshaft (2), said threshold value being calculated by said processor (7), according to the conditions the engine (1) and depending on the performance of the accessories (6).

De cette manière, on évite les consommations excessives à haut régime.In this way, we avoid consumption excessive at high revs.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'organe de transmission comporte au moins un dispositif de désactivation d'un accessoire commandé par le processeur.According to another characteristic of the invention, the organ at least one deactivation device an accessory controlled by the processor.

Ceci permet de ne faire fonctionner l'accessoire associé que lorsqu'il est utilisé et, par suite, de réduire encore la consommation du moteur.This makes it possible to operate the associated accessory only when used and therefore further reduce the motor consumption.

Le dispositif de désactivation peut être constitué par un embrayage mécanique ou électromagnétique dont le débrayage est commandé par le processeur.The deactivation device may consist of a mechanical or electromagnetic clutch, the declutching is controlled by the processor.

Dans le cas de l'alternateur, il est constitué par un dispositif de suppression du courant d'excitation.In the case of the alternator, it consists of a device to suppress excitation current.

Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'organe d'entraínement est constitué par un variateur à courroie trapézoïdale. According to one embodiment of the invention, the organ drive consists of a belt variator trapezoidal.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'organe d'entraínement est constitué par un variateur hydrostatique comprenant une pompe à cylindrée variable alimentant au moins un moteur hydraulique à cylindrée constante.According to another embodiment of the invention, the drive member is constituted by a variator hydrostatic including a displacement pump variable supplying at least one hydraulic motor with constant displacement.

Selon encore un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'organe d'entraínement est un variateur toroïdal constitué de deux surfaces toroïdales concaves en regard l'une de l'autre sur lesquelles s'appuient un ou plusieurs éléments hémisphérique dont l'axe d'inclinaison définit le rapport de transmission.According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the drive member is a variator toroidal consisting of two concave toroidal surfaces facing each other on which a or more hemispherical elements including the tilt axis defines the transmission ratio.

Selon encore un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'organe d'entraínement est un variateur présentant un nombre fini de rapports de transmission.According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the drive member is a variator presenting a finite number of transmission reports.

Selon encore un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention,l'organe d'entraínement est un variateur présentant deux rapports de transmission et le processeur commande le passage d'un rapport de transmission à l'autre.According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the drive member is a variator presenting two transmission ratios and the processor controls the transition from a transmission ratio to the other.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, on détermine, pour chaque accessoire, le seuil optimal de changement de rapport et le seuil de passage est la plus grande des valeurs de seuil de l'ensemble des accessoires.According to another characteristic of the invention, one determines, for each accessory, the optimal threshold of gear change and shift threshold is the most large threshold values for all accessories.

Avantageusement, on détermine une valeur de seuil optimal prenant en compte le fonctionnement du moteur à charge nulle.Advantageously, a threshold value is determined taking into account the operation of the engine at zero charge.

En cas de fonctionnement à charge faible ou nulle de l'ensemble des accessoires, on sélectionne le deuxième rapport de transmission.When operating at low or no load of all the accessories, we select the second transmission ratio.

Par ailleurs, en cas de défaillance, on impose le deuxième rapport de transmission.In addition, in the event of failure, the second transmission report.

En ce qui concerne l'alternateur, le courant d'excitation est supprimé lorsque la commande de l'accélérateur est supérieure à une valeur de seuil. Regarding the alternator, the current excitation is removed when the throttle control is greater than a threshold value.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 illustre schématiquement la mise en oeuvre du principe à la base de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est le schéma de principe d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 3 représente schématiquement un moteur équipé d'un dispositif selon l'invention, et
  • les figures 4 à 7 illustrent la commande de l'entraínement des différents accessoires.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the implementation of the principle underlying the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is the block diagram of an embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 3 schematically represents an engine equipped with a device according to the invention, and
  • Figures 4 to 7 illustrate the control of the drive of the various accessories.

On voit sur la figure 1 un moteur à combustion interne schématisé en 1. Conformément à l'invention, le vilebrequin 2 entraíne un organe d'entraínement à rapport de transmission variable constitué d'un variateur 3, tel qu'un variateur à courroie trapézoïdale, à la sortie duquel est fixé un carter d'accessoires 4 qui entraíne, par l'intermédiaire de n embrayages 5, n différents accessoires 6.We see in Figure 1 a combustion engine internal diagrammatic in 1. According to the invention, the crankshaft 2 drives a relative drive member variable transmission consisting of a variator 3, such than a V-belt drive, at the outlet which is fixed an accessory casing 4 which drives, through n clutches 5, n different accessories 6.

Chaque accessoire est entraíné à une vitesse de rotation spécifique Ω1, Ω2, ...Ωn.Each accessory is driven at a speed of specific rotation Ω1, Ω2, ... Ωn.

Le dispositif selon l'invention comporte également un processeur, tel qu'un micro-ordinateur 7, qui reçoit des données de fonctionnement provenant des différents accessoires 6, par l'intermédiaire d'un circuit électronique 9 tel qu'un multiplexeur, et une information concernant le régime du moteur et provenant du vilebrequin 2The device according to the invention also comprises a processor, such as a microcomputer 7, which receives operating data from different accessories 6, via an electronic circuit 9 such as a multiplexer, and information concerning the engine speed and coming from the crankshaft 2

Ce processeur calcule, à partir des données de fonctionnement et de régime,des valeurs de consigne servant à commander les valeurs des rapports de transmission pour chaque accessoire, sur la base d'un programme mémorisé dans le processeur. Ces valeurs de consigne sont envoyées à un circuit électronique 8 qui élabore les instructions de commande et les distribue au variateur 3 et aux embrayages 5.This processor calculates, from the data of operation and speed, set values used to control the values of the transmission ratios for each accessory, on the basis of a program stored in the processor. These setpoints are sent to an electronic circuit 8 which develops the ordering instructions and distributes them to the drive 3 and clutches 5.

Ce dispositif d'entraínement fonctionne de la manière suivante.This training device works from the next way.

Le variateur 3 est entraíné en permanence par le moteur à une vitesse Ωm proportionnelle au régime du moteur et il fournit en sortie sur au moins un arbre de sortie une vitesse Ωva commandée par le processeur 7. Le carter d'accessoires 4 comporte plusieurs arbres de sortie tournant à des vitesses différentes Ω1 à Ωn. Les différents accessoires 6 sont donc entraínés à des vitesses différentes, chacun par l'intermédiaire d'un embrayage 5 qui permet de désactiver l'accessoire correspondant lorsqu'il n'est pas utilisé.The variator 3 is permanently driven by the motor at a speed Ωm proportional to the speed of the motor and it provides output on at least one shaft of output a speed Ωva controlled by processor 7. The accessories housing 4 has several shafts of output rotating at different speeds Ω1 to Ωn. The different accessories 6 are therefore trained to different speeds, each through a clutch 5 which deactivates the accessory matching when not in use.

De cette manière, chaque accessoire peut être entraíné à une vitesse spécifique qui est adaptée à ses caractéristiques techniques et à ses conditions de fonctionnement, chaque accessoire pouvant être désaccouplé lorsqu'il n'est pas utilisé.In this way, each accessory can be driven at a specific speed which is adapted to his technical characteristics and its conditions of operation, each accessory can be uncoupled when not in use.

La stratégie de commande de la vitesse d'entraínement de chaque accessoire est la suivante. Chaque accessoire est entraíné à une vitesse proportionnelle à celle du moteur tant que celle-ci n'est pas supérieure à un seuil prédéterminée.The drive speed control strategy of each accessory is as follows. Each accessory is driven at a speed proportional to that of the engine as long as it is not greater at a predetermined threshold.

Lorsque le régime du moteur est supérieur à ce seuil, chaque accessoire est entraíné à une vitesse constante indépendante de la vitesse du moteur; cette vitesse constante est optimisée par le processeur 7 en fonction d'un algorithme de calcul et des données de fonctionnement.When the engine speed is higher than this threshold, each accessory is driven at a speed constant independent of motor speed; this constant speed is optimized by processor 7 in function of a calculation algorithm and data from operation.

Le variateur peut être un variateur à courroie trapézoïdale permettant d'obtenir une vitesse constante en agissant sur une poulie. Ceci peut être obtenu en agissant hydrauliquement au moyen d'un piston. The variator can be a belt variator trapezoidal to obtain a constant speed by acting on a pulley. This can be achieved by acting hydraulically by means of a piston.

L'algorithme de calcul de la vitesse d'entraínement permet d'obtenir la vitesse optimale prenant en compte les conditions de fonctionnement de manière à réduire fortement la puissance absorbée par les accessoires, surtout à haut régime, et par suite d'augmenter le rendement global du moteur.The algorithm for calculating the drive speed allows to obtain the optimal speed taking into account operating conditions so as to reduce strongly the power absorbed by the accessories, especially at high revs, and as a result of increasing the overall engine efficiency.

La figure 2 représente schématiquement un mode de réalisation de l'invention. On retrouve le processeur 7, les circuits électroniques 8 et 9 et le vilebrequin 2. Dans ce mode de réalisation,le vilebrequin entraíne un organe d'entraínement 11 à deux rapports de transmission de manière à entraíner un alternateur 12 à une vitesse Ω1 une pompe de direction assistée 13 à une vitesse Ω2, et un compresseur de climatisation 14 à une vitesse Ω3. La pompe 13 est entraínée par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de désactivation constitué par un embrayage 15. En ce qui concerne l'alternateur, le dispositif de désactivation est constitué par un dispositif de suppression du courant d'excitation.FIG. 2 schematically represents a mode of realization of the invention. We find processor 7, the electronic circuits 8 and 9 and the crankshaft 2. In this embodiment, the crankshaft drives a drive unit 11 with two transmission ratios so as to drive an alternator 12 at a speed Ω1 a power steering pump 13 at a speed Ω2, and an air conditioning compressor 14 at a speed Ω3. The pump 13 is driven via a deactivation device consisting of a clutch 15. With regard to the alternator, the deactivation consists of a suppression device excitation current.

En ce qui concerne le compresseur de climatisation, le dispositif de désactivation est constitué par un embrayage 16.Regarding the air conditioning compressor, the deactivation device consists of a clutch 16.

La figure 3 représente schématiquement un moteur 1 équipé d'un dispositif d'entraínement des accessoires conforme à la présente invention, on y retrouve le processeur 7, le convertisseur à deux rapports de transmission 11, l'alternateur 12 qui est entraíné à la vitesse Ω1, la pompe 13 de direction assistée qui est entraínée à la vitesse Ω2, et le compresseur de climatisation 14 qui est entraíné à la vitesse Ω3, ces deux derniers accessoires étant entraínés ensemble par une même courroie.FIG. 3 schematically represents an engine 1 equipped with an accessory drive in accordance with the present invention, therein is the processor 7, the two-speed converter transmission 11, the alternator 12 which is driven to the speed Ω1, the power steering pump 13 which is driven at speed Ω2, and the air conditioning compressor 14 which is driven at speed Ω3, these two last accessories being dragged together by a same belt.

Les deux rapports de transmission du dispositif 11 sont utilisés de la manière suivante. Le premier rapport est utilisé pour les faibles régimes avec un rapport global permettant d'assurer les prestations de l'accessoire au ralenti comme dans le cas d'un entraínement à rapport fixe.The two transmission ratios of the device 11 are used as follows. The first report is used for low diets with a ratio global to ensure the benefits of the accessory in slow motion as in the case of training in fixed ratio.

Le second rapport du variateur 11 réduit le rapport global d'entraínement de chaque accessoire pour les hauts régimes de manière à faire fonctionner l'accessoire à un régime pour lequel son rendement est optimal.The second report of the variator 11 reduces the report overall training of each accessory for tops schemes so as to operate the accessory to a regime for which its performance is optimal.

La logique de commande gère les changements de rapport du convertisseur 11, agit sur l'embrayage 15 de la pompe 13 et la coupure de l'excitation en fonction des prestations demandées pour chaque accessoire, a savoir:

  • besoin d'assistance de la direction qui est évalué à partir du couple au volant de direction et de la vitesse du véhicule
  • puissance électrique nécessaire qui est évaluée à partir de la tension de la batterie,
  • charge du moteur.
The control unit manages the gear ratio changes of the converter 11, acts on the clutch 15 of the pump 13 and cuts the excitation according to the services requested for each accessory, namely:
  • steering assistance required which is assessed from the steering wheel torque and the vehicle speed
  • electrical power required which is evaluated from the battery voltage,
  • engine load.

La figure 4 représente la loi d'évolution du régime de changement de rapport en fonction du bilan électrique en ce qui concerne l'alternateur.Figure 4 represents the law of evolution of the mode gear change according to the electrical balance regarding the alternator.

L'évaluation du bilan électrique consiste à comparer la valeur moyenne de la tension de la batterie Ubatmoy à une tension de batterie nominale Ubatnom et à incrémenter ou décrémenter la valeur Cnt d'un compteur-décompteur, cette valeur Cnt constituant une image de ce bilan électrique. La tension moyenne est calculée de la manière suivante en fonction de la valeur instantanée de la tension de la batterie Ubat: Ubatmoyi+1 = Ubatmoyi + f(Ubati+1 - Ubatmoyi) The evaluation of the electrical balance consists in comparing the average value of the Ubatmoy battery voltage with a nominal battery voltage Ubatnom and in incrementing or decrementing the value Cnt of an up-down counter, this value Cnt constituting an image of this balance electric. The average voltage is calculated as follows based on the instantaneous value of the Ubat battery voltage: Ubatmoyi + 1 = Ubatmoyi + f (Ubati + 1 - Ubatmoyi)

Le bilan électrique ou valeur du compteur-décompteur est calculé de la manière suivante:
si Ubat ≤ Ubatnom Cnti+1 = Cnti + a (Ubatmoyi+1 - Ubatnom) et si Ubat > Ubatnom Cnti+1 = Cnti + b (Ubatmoyi+1 -Ubatnom) The electrical balance sheet or value of the up-down counter is calculated as follows:
if Ubat ≤ Ubatnom Cnti + 1 = Cnti + a (Ubatmoyi + 1 - Ubatnom) and if Ubat> Ubatnom Cnti + 1 = Cnti + b (Ubatmoyi + 1 -Ubatnom)

La valeur Cnt du compteur-décompteur est comprise entre 0 et 255; f est un filtre de tension et a et b sont des coefficients qui sont choisis pour obtenir la sensibilité désirée.The Cnt value of the up-down counter is included between 0 and 255; f is a voltage filter and a and b are coefficients that are chosen to get the desired sensitivity.

La vitesse de changement de rapport Ωs varie entre deux valeurs Ωsmin et Ωsaltmax pour des valeurs de bilan électrique comprises entre deux valeurs Cnt1 et Cnt2 suivant la loi décrite sur la figure 4. Si Cnt est supérieur à Cnt2, la vitesse Ωs est égale à Ωsmin et si Cnt est inférieur à Cnt1, elle est égale à nsaltmax.The gear change speed Ωs varies between two values Ωsmin and Ωsaltmax for balance sheet values between two values Cnt1 and Cnt2 according to the law described in figure 4. If Cnt is greater than Cnt2, the speed Ωs is equal to Ωsmin and if Cnt is less than Cnt1, it is equal to nsaltmax.

La valeur minimale Ωsmin est fixée de manière à respecter les régimes minimaux de l'alternateur et de la direction assistée.The minimum value Ωsmin is set so that respect the minimum alternator and power steering.

La valeur maximale Ωsaltmax est calculée de manière à assurer un bilan électrique satisfaisant pour une consommation électrique maximale, et doit être inférieure à la valeur Ωsmax correspondant aux régimes maximaux des accessoires.The maximum value Ωsaltmax is calculated so to ensure a satisfactory electrical balance for a maximum power consumption, and must be less at the value Ωsmax corresponding to the maximum speeds of the accessories.

La variation de la vitesse de passage dΩsalt est conservée pendant une durée égale à Tmpalt, puis elle est recalculée périodiquement suivant la même loi.The variation in the speed of passage of Ωsalt is kept for a period equal to Tmpalt, then it is recalculated periodically according to the same law.

La figure 5 représente la loi d'évolution du régime de changement de rapport en vue d'améliorer les prestations du dispositif de climatisation. Celles-ci sont calculées en fonction de la durée d'actionnement consécutif du compresseur, Tcli, de la température de l'habitacle et de son évolution dans le temps. Les prestations du dispositif de climatisation sont considérées comme insuffisantes si les trois conditions suivantes sont remplies:

  • la durée d'actionnement du compresseur est supérieure à une durée de référence:
    Tcli > Tclimax
  • la température de l'habitacle est supérieure à la température de confort: hab > habnom
  • la variation de température pendant l'unité de temps Δt est inférieure à la variation nominale
FIG. 5 represents the law for changing the gear change regime in order to improve the performance of the air conditioning device. These are calculated according to the duration of consecutive actuation of the compressor, Tcli, the temperature of the passenger compartment and its evolution over time. The performance of the air conditioning system is considered insufficient if the following three conditions are met:
  • the compressor actuation time is greater than a reference duration:
    Tcli> Tclimax
  • the cabin temperature is higher than the comfort temperature: hab> habnom
  • the temperature variation during the time unit Δt is less than the nominal variation

Dans le cas contraire, les prestations sont considérées comme suffisantes.Otherwise, the benefits are considered sufficient.

Lorsque le compresseur est embrayé, la vitesse minimale de seuil est fixée à une valeur Ωsb supérieure ou égale à Ωsmin. Tant que les prestations sont insuffisantes, la vitesse de seuil augmente d'une quantité dΩscli de manière périodique, la période étant égale à Tclimax, comme on peut le voir sur la figure 5. La vitesse maximale est fixée à une valeur Ωsmax qui est compatible avec les régimes maximaux de l'ensemble des accessoires, et qui est supérieure ou égale à Ωsaltmax.When the compressor is engaged, the speed minimum threshold is fixed at a higher Ωsb value or equal to Ωsmin. As long as the services are insufficient, the threshold speed increases by an amount dΩclosed periodically, the period being equal to Tclimax, as can be seen in Figure 5. The maximum speed is fixed at a value Ωsmax which is compatible with the maximum regimes of all accessories, and which is greater than or equal to Ωsaltmax.

Le régime de changement de rapport prend également en compte la charge du moteur. Lorsque la charge est nulle, l'angle du papillon d'admission étant nul, ce qui se produit lors d'un freinage ou dans une descente, on impose la condition supplémentaire suivante: Ωs ≥ Ωsb + dΩsfr où dΩsfr est la variation de la vitesse de passage pour une charge du moteur nulle.The gear change regime also takes into account the engine load. When the charge is zero, the angle of the intake throttle being zero, which occurs during braking or when going downhill, the following additional condition is imposed: Ωs ≥ Ωsb + dΩsfr where dΩsfr is the variation of the speed of passage for a zero engine load.

La vitesse définitive de changement de rapport est déterminée de la manière suivante.The final gear change speed is determined as follows.

La valeur de cette vitesse Ωs retenue est la plus grande des valeurs imposées par les différentes lois décrites ci-dessus, y compris le cas particulier de la charge moteur nulle.The value of this speed Ωs retained is the most great values imposed by different laws described above, including the special case of zero engine load.

On détermine un décalage dΩs entre la valeur Ωs, la valeur Ωs1 de passage du premier rapport, R1, au deuxième rapport, R2, et la valeur Ωs2 de passage du second rapport au premier rapport: Ωs1 = Ωs + dΩs Ωs2 = Ωs - dΩs We determine an offset dΩs between the value Ωs, the value Ωs1 of shift from the first gear, R1, to the second gear, R2, and the value Ωs2 of shift from the second gear to the first gear: Ωs1 = Ωs + dΩs Ωs2 = Ωs - dΩs

Le passage du premier rapport R1 au deuxième rapport R2 est effectué pour un régime moteur, Ωmot, supérieur ou égal à Ωs1 et le passage inverse est effectué pour un régime moteur inférieur ou égal à Ωs2 comme cela est représenté sur la figure 6.The transition from the first R1 report to the second R2 ratio is performed for an engine speed, Ωmot, greater than or equal to Ωs1 and the reverse passage is performed for an engine speed less than or equal to Ωs2 as shown in Figure 6.

Si le moteur est équipé d'un calculateur d'injection commandant les durées d'ouverture d'injection, la valeur de Ωs choisie sera fournie à ce calculateur pour lui permettre d'anticiper sur la commande de l'injection.If the engine is equipped with an injection computer controlling the injection opening times, the chosen Ωs value will be supplied to this calculator for allow it to anticipate the order of the injection.

L'algorithme de commande du dispositif d'entraínement comporte une stratégie de désactivation des accessoires; la pompe du dispositif de direction assistée est embrayée en cas de besoin d'assistance de direction:

  • si le couple au volant de direction est supérieur à une valeur de seuil,
  • si la vitesse du véhicule est inférieure à une valeur de seuil, l'assistance de la direction étant inutile à grande vitesse.
The drive device control algorithm includes an accessory deactivation strategy; the power steering pump is engaged when steering assistance is required:
  • if the torque on the steering wheel is greater than a threshold value,
  • if the vehicle speed is lower than a threshold value, the assistance of the steering being useless at high speed.

Pour diminuer le nombre d'à-coups, la commande du débrayage de la pompe est temporisée.To reduce the number of jerks, the pump release is delayed.

De même, le courant d'excitation de l'alternateur peut être coupé comme représenté sur la figure 7 qui est une courbe du courant d'excitation en fonction du temps.Likewise, the excitation current of the alternator can be cut as shown in figure 7 which is a curve of the excitation current as a function of time.

La coupure de l'excitation intervient:

  • soit lors des fortes accélérations du moteur, si cette accélération est supérieure à un seuil déterminé et si le bilan électrique est satisfait
  • soit lors de la détection d'une ouverture maximale du papillon d'injection (pédale d'accélérateur "à fond")
  • soit lors des phases de démarrage du moteur, le régime moteur étant inférieur à une valeur de seuil
  • soit pendant les phases de passage d'un rapport d'entraínement à l'autre afin de diminuer la puissance mécanique à commuter et pour ne pas créer de surtension sur le réseau électrique utilisateur en phase de décélération du moteur.
The excitation is cut off:
  • either during strong engine accelerations, if this acceleration is greater than a determined threshold and if the electrical balance is satisfied
  • either when detecting a maximum opening of the injection butterfly (accelerator pedal "fully")
  • either during the engine starting phases, the engine speed being below a threshold value
  • either during the phases of switching from one drive ratio to another in order to reduce the mechanical power to be switched and so as not to create an overvoltage on the user electrical network during the engine deceleration phase.

Dans tous les cas, cette coupure de l'excitation est effectuée le plus rapidement possible. Par contre, le rétablissement du courant d'excitation s'effectue en évitant une mise en charge brusque de l'alternateur en limitant la pente de la variation du courant d'excitation en imposant une rampe Tm de valeur fixe ou dépendante du régime du moteur.In any case, this cut of excitement is carried out as quickly as possible. On the other hand, the excitation current is restored by avoiding abrupt charging of the alternator by limiting the slope of the variation of the excitation current by imposing a ramp Tm of fixed value or dependent on the engine speed.

Pour des fonctionnements à faible charge, lorsque le régime du moteur est inférieur au seuil Ωs2, si toutes les demandes sont satisfaites, c'est-à-dire si la climatisation ne fonctionne pas, si la pompe de direction assistée est débrayée et si le bilan électrique est satisfait, le rapport d'entraínement choisi est le rapport "économique", à savoir le deuxième rapport R2.For low load operations, when the engine speed is below the Ωs2 threshold, if all the requests are met, i.e. if the air conditioning does not work, if the steering pump power is disengaged and if the electrical balance is satisfied, the drive ratio chosen is the "economic" report, namely the second R2 report.

En cas de défaillance du dispositif selon l'invention, le rapport de transmission est bloqué sur la valeur R2 afin de ne pas détériorer les accessoires à haut régime.In the event of a failure of the device according to the invention, the transmission ratio is blocked on the value R2 so as not to damage the accessories at high diet.

On voit que l'invention permet de faire fonctionner les accessoires dans des conditions optimales tout en évitant les excès de consommation du moteur et en protégeant les accessoires, en particulier l'alternateur, pour les régimes extrêmes du moteur.We see that the invention makes it possible to operate accessories in optimal conditions while avoiding excess consumption of the engine and protecting the accessories, in particular the alternator, for extreme engine speeds.

Claims (14)

  1. A drive device for the accessories (6) of an internal combustion engine (1) of an automobile vehicle, in particular the alternator (12), the hydraulic pump (13) of the power steering device, the compressor (14) of the air conditioning device, comprising a drive member (3, 4, 5; 11, 15, 16) having a variable transmission ratio with at least two different drive ratios which is driven by the crankshaft (2), characterised in that it comprises a processor (7) which controls this drive member (3, 4, 5; 11, 15, 16) such that each change of ratio takes place as a function of an adapted threshold value (Ωs) of the crankshaft (2), this threshold value being calculated by the processor (7) in accordance with the operating conditions of the engine (1) and with the performance of the accessories (6).
  2. A drive device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that it comprises at least one de-activation device (5; 15, 16) of an accessory (6) controlled by the processor (7).
  3. A drive device as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that this de-activation device is formed by a clutch (5; 15, 16).
  4. A drive device as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that, in the case of the alternator, the de-activation device is formed by a device for discontinuing the energising current.
  5. A drive device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the drive member (3, 4, 5; 11, 15) is formed by a variable speed belt drive.
  6. A drive device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the drive member (3, 4, 5; 11, 15) is formed by a hydrostatic variable speed drive comprising a pump of variable cubic capacity supplying at least one hydraulic motor of constant cubic capacity.
  7. A drive device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the drive member is a toroidal variable speed drive.
  8. A drive device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the drive member is a variable speed drive having a finite number of transmission ratios.
  9. A drive device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the drive member is a variable speed drive (11) having two transmission ratios (R1, R2), and in that the processor (7) controls the transition from one transmission ratio to the other.
  10. A drive device as claimed in claim 9, characterised in that the optimum change of ratio threshold is determined for each accessory and in that the transition threshold is the greatest of the threshold values of all the accessories.
  11. A drive device as claimed in claim 10, characterised in that an optimum threshold value is determined by taking account of the operation of the engine at zero load.
  12. A drive device as claimed in claim 9, characterised in that, in the case of operation of all the accessories at low or zero load, the second transmission ratio (R2) is selected.
  13. A drive device as claimed in claim 9, characterised in that, in the event of malfunction, the second transmission ratio (R2) is imposed.
  14. A drive device as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that, in the case of the alternator (12), the energising current is discontinued when the accelerator control is greater than a threshold value.
EP95931250A 1994-09-23 1995-09-15 Device for driving the accessories of a motor vehicle combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0782664B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9411360 1994-09-23
FR9411360A FR2724881B1 (en) 1994-09-23 1994-09-23 DEVICE FOR DRIVING ACCESSORIES OF A MOTOR VEHICLE COMBUSTION ENGINE
PCT/FR1995/001186 WO1996009464A1 (en) 1994-09-23 1995-09-15 Device for driving the accessories of a motor vehicle combustion engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0782664A1 EP0782664A1 (en) 1997-07-09
EP0782664B1 true EP0782664B1 (en) 1998-05-20

Family

ID=9467206

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95931250A Expired - Lifetime EP0782664B1 (en) 1994-09-23 1995-09-15 Device for driving the accessories of a motor vehicle combustion engine

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0782664B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH10505890A (en)
DE (1) DE69502623T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2724881B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1996009464A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE9603162L (en) * 1996-08-30 1997-07-14 Scania Cv Ab Bus with air conditioning
FR2763901B1 (en) * 1997-06-02 1999-07-23 Renault DEVICE FOR DRIVING ACCESSORIES OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE
DE19728723A1 (en) * 1997-07-04 1999-01-07 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Drive unit for motor vehicles
JP2005323425A (en) 2004-05-07 2005-11-17 Denso Corp Power generation system for vehicle
DE102005013027A1 (en) 2005-03-22 2006-10-26 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Drive train for a compressor and a hydraulic pump
DE102006033428A1 (en) 2006-07-19 2008-01-31 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH System with a compressor and a consumer in a motor vehicle
CA2723203C (en) 2008-06-04 2016-10-11 Knorr-Bremse Systeme Fuer Nutzfahrzeuge Gmbh Compressor system for supplying compressed air to a utility vehicle, and method for the operation of a compressor system

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2703094A1 (en) * 1977-01-26 1978-07-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert DRIVE FOR THE AUXILIARY UNITS OF AN COMBUSTION ENGINE, ESPECIALLY IN MOTOR VEHICLES
EP0135790A3 (en) * 1983-09-29 1986-12-03 Canadian Fram Limited Accessory drive control mechanism
EP0136384A1 (en) * 1983-10-03 1985-04-10 Canadian Fram Limited Engine crankshaft pulley clutch
US4938732A (en) * 1989-06-13 1990-07-03 Gkn Automotive, Inc. Continuously variable transmission system having variable diameter pulley assemblies responsive to axially directed forces
DE4230581A1 (en) * 1992-09-12 1994-03-17 Schlattl Werner Bavaria Tech Automotive engine accessory hydraulic variator - has three elements linking accessory output with input maintaining power output within required range irrespective of engine speed.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996009464A1 (en) 1996-03-28
DE69502623D1 (en) 1998-06-25
DE69502623T2 (en) 1999-01-28
EP0782664A1 (en) 1997-07-09
FR2724881A1 (en) 1996-03-29
FR2724881B1 (en) 1997-01-03
JPH10505890A (en) 1998-06-09

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