EP0774620B1 - Brenner für flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff mit sehr niedriger Stickoxidemission - Google Patents

Brenner für flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff mit sehr niedriger Stickoxidemission Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0774620B1
EP0774620B1 EP19950402538 EP95402538A EP0774620B1 EP 0774620 B1 EP0774620 B1 EP 0774620B1 EP 19950402538 EP19950402538 EP 19950402538 EP 95402538 A EP95402538 A EP 95402538A EP 0774620 B1 EP0774620 B1 EP 0774620B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
primary air
burner
burner according
ring
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19950402538
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0774620A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Pillard
Frédéric Bury
Jean-Claude Gauthier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Original Assignee
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA filed Critical Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Priority to EP19950402538 priority Critical patent/EP0774620B1/de
Priority to DE1995621707 priority patent/DE69521707T2/de
Priority to ES95402538T priority patent/ES2160146T3/es
Publication of EP0774620A1 publication Critical patent/EP0774620A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0774620B1 publication Critical patent/EP0774620B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/02—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F23M5/025—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used specially adapted for burner openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
    • F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid or gaseous fuel burner comprising a primary air supply duct, fuel injection means in a fireplace arranged inside said duct, in the axis of the latter, and comprising multiple orifices creating several divergent and independent flames in the hearth, a flame stabilizer arranged coaxially inside said duct, and several secondary air injectors, as much as flames, arranged around the axis of the burner and at the front of the fuel injection means in positions such that each injector provides additional flux to each flame after an initial combustion phase.
  • Such a burner which is the subject of French patent n ° 93 07863 in the name of the applicant, reduces the emission of nitrogen oxide to a very low level without reducing the burner power or increase the unburnt content of the exhaust gases.
  • each secondary air injector is supplied by a conduit constituted by a metal tube projecting inside the foyer. Although they are cooled by the air which circulates there, these tubes subjected to the radiation of the flame and convection of the hot gases from the hearth can be brought to relatively high temperature (800 ° - 900 ° C), depending on the operating conditions. Even if they are made in refractory steel their resistance over time is problematic.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback by avoiding the use of metal parts to make the part of the burner subject to the radiation of flames.
  • the burner object of the present invention is defined by the features of claim 1.
  • the orifices through which said secondary air ducts open into the hearth are angularly offset, in the direction of rotation of the primary air, with respect to the planes radials containing the axes of the corresponding orifices of the fuel injection means, and means are provided for adjusting this angular offset.
  • the means of injection fuel generally consisting of a rod fitted at its front end (side hearth) of an injection head pierced with orifices distributed around its axis, which coincides with the axes of the burner and the primary air duct, we can, for example, mount the cane on the burner body so that it can rotate about its axis with respect to the ring made of refractory material and provide means, accessible from the rear of the burner, for control its rotation.
  • the burner can be equipped with fuel injection lances additional gaseous gases arranged in the primary air duct and the ends of which are located near the means for injecting the main fuel, around them.
  • Others lances for injecting a gaseous fuel, the ends of which are close to the secondary air outlet ports can be placed in the primary air duct or in passages made in the ring of refractory material.
  • the burner shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is mounted on a wall 10 of a hearth 12.
  • the burner body consists of a metal base 14 used to fix it to the wall 10, by a primary air duct 16 fixed in a central opening of the base which it crosspiece and by a secondary air supply box 18 fixed on the rear face of the base around the primary air duct.
  • the duct 16 and the box 18 are connected to a air supply and valves allow to regulate the primary and secondary air flows.
  • a fuel injection pipe 20 is arranged in the axis of the air duct primary 16.
  • This rod has at its end an injection head 21 comprising several orifices or nozzles making it possible to create several independent flames and divergent in the hearth 12.
  • a flame stabilizer 22 is arranged in the air duct primary and fixed on the rod 20. It has a hub and inclined blades 23 allowing to communicate to the primary air, at its exit from the duct 16, a rotational movement (arrow A in FIG. 2) around the axis X-X of the burner, which is also the axis of said duct and of the injection head.
  • the blades 23 are circumscribed by a ferrule and an annular space is fitted between the latter and the primary air duct 16.
  • the injection head 21 is located in front of the stabilizer hub plane but back from the end of the duct 16.
  • the burner further comprises a ring of refractory material 24 which is fixed to the front face of the base 14, around the end of the primary air duct 16.
  • This ring can be formed of segments fixed individually on the base, for example by means of screws 26, which facilitates its replacement.
  • a bowl-shaped cavity 25 is dug in the face front of the ring. The bottom of this cavity is flat and is flush with the front end of the conduit 16 and its side wall is frustoconical.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment in which the side wall of the cavity is rounded instead of being tapered.
  • Other forms may be adopted for the cavity 25 the essential being that its diameter is equal to several times its depth and that its bottom either flat or almost flat, i.e. slightly concave or frustoconical with a apex angle greater than 120 °.
  • the ring 24 fits into an opening in the wall of the fireplace provided for this purpose.
  • Passages 28 are provided in the ring 24; they lead, on the one hand, into the hearth 12, on the part 30 of the ring bordering the cavity 25 and, on the other hand, in the box 18, through holes drilled in the base 14.
  • the holes 29 through which the passages 28 open into the hearth constitute secondary air injectors; they are lying in a circumferential direction and have, for example, a rectangular or oval section.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b show an alternative embodiment in which the secondary air passages 28 are replaced by an annular passage 28 'formed between the ring of refractory material, the diameter of which is reduced, and a casing sheet concentric 31.
  • the ring 24 has a flange 30 whose diameter is equal to that of the ferrule 31 and which closes the passage 28 ′ on the hearth side. Notches 29 formed on the periphery of this rim communicate the passage 28 'with the hearth and allow the injection of air secondary in the latter.
  • This construction method makes it possible to reduce the diameter of the ring.
  • FIG. Sa and 5b Another exemplary embodiment is shown in Figures Sa and 5b: the passages 28 are produced in the form of rectilinear tubes with oval section, embedded in the refractory ring.
  • each orifice 29 is offset angularly, in the direction of rotation A of the primary air, of an angle ⁇ with respect to the plane P containing the axis of the burner and the axis of the corresponding orifice of the injection head 21 through which the jet of air is emitted pulverized fuel producing flame F.
  • This angle ⁇ must be adjusted at start-up of the burner.
  • the fuel injection rod 20 is mounted on the body of the mill so that it can rotate around the X-X axis of the burner, and a mechanism placed at the rear of the burner allows this rotation to be controlled.
  • the ratio of the radius r of the primary air duct 16 to the distance R of the ports 29 on the burner axis must be between 0.25 and 0.75 (preferred value 0.35).
  • Figures 5a and 5b show an alternative embodiment fitted with lances 32 placed inside the primary air duct 16 and opening into the hearth slightly in front of the injection head 21.
  • An annular space is provided between the flame stabilizer 22 and the conduit 16 for the passage of lances which are distributed around the axis of the burner. These lances supply the burner with combustible gas.
  • This burner is also equipped with a second set of combustible gas lances 34 which are housed in passages formed in the ring of refractory material 24.
  • the lances 34 are located between the burner axis and the secondary air injection ports 29 and regularly distributed around this axis.
  • Figures 6a and 6b show an alternative embodiment in which lances 34 ' are arranged in the primary air duct 16 and have a bent end portion outwards and located in the cavity 25.
  • the burner of the invention has the advantage of not having a metal part exposed to flame radiation in the fireplace, while retaining the performance of very low emission of nitrogen oxides from the burner, subject of French patent n ° 93 07863 in the name of the applicant, and to be removable from the outside, without the need to enter the home.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Brenner für flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff, umfassend eine Zufuhrleitung für Primärluft (16), Mittel zum Einspritzen des Brennstoffs (20) in einen Feuerraum, die innerhalb der Leitung in der Achse dieser letzteren angeordnet sind und eine Mehrzahl von Öffnungen, die mehrere divergierende und unabhängige Flammen in dem Feuerraum erzeugen, umfassen, einen Flammenstabilisator (22), der koaxial im Inneren der Leitung angeordnet ist, und mehrere Zufuhrleitungen für Sekundärluft (28), die um die Mittel zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff (20) und die Primärluftleitung (16) herum in solchen Positionen angeordnet sind, dass jede Sekundärluftleitung jeder Flamme einen Strom zusätzlicher Luft nach einer ersten Verbrennungsphase zuführt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einen Ring aus feuerfestem Material (24) umfasst, der das vordere Ende der Primärluftleitung (16) umgibt, dass der Ring auf seiner Vorderwand eine Vertiefung in Form einer Mulde (25) umfasst, deren Boden praktisch eben ist und deren Durchmesser gleich einem Mehrfachen der Tiefe ist; dass die Primärluftleitung auf den Boden der Vertiefung mündet und dass die Sekundärluftleitungen durch Durchgänge (28), die in dem Ring ausgebildet sind und auf die Vorderwand des Abschnitts (30) des Rings, der die Vertiefung einfasst, münden, gebildet werden.
  2. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Flammenstabilisator (22) geneigte Flügel (23) umfasst, die eine Drehbewegung der Luft am Ausgang der Primärluftleitung (16) hervorrufen, dass die Öffnungen (29), durch die die Durchgänge (28) in den Feuerraum münden, winkelig um einen Winkel α in der Drehrichtung der Primärluft bezogen auf die Radialebenen P, die die Achsen der entsprechenden Öffnungen der Mittel zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff (21) enthalten, versetzt sind und dass Mittel vorgesehen sind, um die Winkelverschiebung α zu regulieren.
  3. Brenner nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff durch ein Rohr (20), das in der Achse der Primärluftleitung angeordet ist, das in dem Gehäuse des Brenners dergestalt montiert ist, dass es sich um seine Achse drehen kann, und das an seinem vorderen Ende mit einem Einspritzkopf (21) ausgestattet ist, gebildet werden und dass Mittel vorgesehen sind, um zu bewirken, dass sich das Rohr um seine Achse dreht.
  4. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Seitenwand der Vertiefung kegelstumpfartig ist.
  5. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Seitenwand der Vertiefung abgerundet ist.
  6. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sekundärluftleitungen durch einen ringförmigen Durchgang (28'), der sich an der Peripherie des Rings aus feuerfestem Material (25) befindet, ersetzt sind.
  7. Brenner nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ausserdem Düsenrohre zum Einspritzen eines gasförmigen Brennstoffs (32), die in der Primärluftleitung (16) angeordnet sind und deren Enden sich in der Nähe der Mittel zum Einspritzen des Brennstoffs (21) befinden, umfasst.
  8. Brenner nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ausserdem Düsenrohre zum Einspritzen eines gasförmigen Brennstoffs (34), die in in dem Ring aus feuerfestem Material vorgesehenen Durchgängen angeordnet sind und deren Ende sich in der Nähe der Sekundärluftöffnungen (29) befindet, umfasst.
  9. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ausserdem Düsenrohre zum Einspritzen eines gasförmigen Brennstoffs (34'), die in der Primärluftleitung (16) angeordnet sind und einen Endabschnitt umfassen, der in Richtung der Aussenseite abgewinkelt ist und sich in der Vertiefung (25) befindet, umfasst.
  10. Brenner nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum Einspritzen des Brennstoffs (21) sich vor dem Flammenstabilisator und bezogen auf den Boden der Vertiefung (25) des Rings aus feuerfestem Material dahinter befinden.
EP19950402538 1995-11-14 1995-11-14 Brenner für flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff mit sehr niedriger Stickoxidemission Expired - Lifetime EP0774620B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19950402538 EP0774620B1 (de) 1995-11-14 1995-11-14 Brenner für flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff mit sehr niedriger Stickoxidemission
DE1995621707 DE69521707T2 (de) 1995-11-14 1995-11-14 Brenner für flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff mit sehr niedriger Stickoxidemission
ES95402538T ES2160146T3 (es) 1995-11-14 1995-11-14 Quemador de combustible liquido o gaseoso con muy baja emision de oxidos de nitrogeno.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19950402538 EP0774620B1 (de) 1995-11-14 1995-11-14 Brenner für flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff mit sehr niedriger Stickoxidemission

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0774620A1 EP0774620A1 (de) 1997-05-21
EP0774620B1 true EP0774620B1 (de) 2001-07-11

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EP19950402538 Expired - Lifetime EP0774620B1 (de) 1995-11-14 1995-11-14 Brenner für flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff mit sehr niedriger Stickoxidemission

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EP (1) EP0774620B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69521707T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2160146T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2766557B1 (fr) 1997-07-22 1999-10-22 Pillard Chauffage Bruleurs a combustible liquide et gazeux a faible emission d'oxydes d'azote
FR2780488B1 (fr) 1998-06-24 2000-10-13 Pillard Chauffage Amelioration aux appareils a combustion comportant plusieurs conduits de transport de comburant
FR2794221B1 (fr) 1999-05-31 2001-08-24 Pillard Chauffage PERFECTIONNEMENTS AUX BRULEURS A COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDE A BASSE EMISSION DE NOx ET DE POUSSIERES, ET AUX ATOMISEURS
WO2001035022A1 (en) * 1999-10-27 2001-05-17 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. AIR STAGED LOW-NOx BURNER
US6422858B1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2002-07-23 John Zink Company, Llc Low NOx apparatus and methods for burning liquid and gaseous fuels
US7175423B1 (en) 2000-10-26 2007-02-13 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Air staged low-NOx burner
FR2863691A1 (fr) * 2003-12-15 2005-06-17 Pillard Chauffage Bruleur pour chaudiere a tubes de fumees
FR2951525B1 (fr) 2009-10-21 2012-10-26 Fives Pillard Procede de fonctionnement d'une chaudiere

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT358702B (de) * 1975-01-27 1980-09-25 Manich Leo Wirbelbrenner fuer oel- und/oder gasbetrieb
US4257763A (en) * 1978-06-19 1981-03-24 John Zink Company Low NOx burner
US4488869A (en) * 1982-07-06 1984-12-18 Coen Company, Inc. High efficiency, low NOX emitting, staged combustion burner
DE4130922C2 (de) * 1991-09-17 2001-02-08 Gaswaerme Inst Ev Brenner für Hochtemperaturprozesse sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben des Brenners
FR2706985B1 (de) * 1993-06-22 1995-08-25 Pillard Ent Gle Chauffage Indl
US5431559A (en) * 1993-07-15 1995-07-11 Maxon Corporation Oxygen-fuel burner with staged oxygen supply
US5433600A (en) * 1994-04-13 1995-07-18 Industrial Technology Research Institute Burner for the combustion of coke oven gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69521707T2 (de) 2002-05-08
DE69521707D1 (de) 2001-08-16
EP0774620A1 (de) 1997-05-21
ES2160146T3 (es) 2001-11-01

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