EP0773854B1 - Schrauber und verfahren zum anziehen einer schraubverbindung mittels des schraubers - Google Patents
Schrauber und verfahren zum anziehen einer schraubverbindung mittels des schraubers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0773854B1 EP0773854B1 EP95919965A EP95919965A EP0773854B1 EP 0773854 B1 EP0773854 B1 EP 0773854B1 EP 95919965 A EP95919965 A EP 95919965A EP 95919965 A EP95919965 A EP 95919965A EP 0773854 B1 EP0773854 B1 EP 0773854B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- input shaft
- screwdriver
- speed
- output shaft
- drive motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
- B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
- B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
- B25B23/145—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for fluid operated wrenches or screwdrivers
- B25B23/1456—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for fluid operated wrenches or screwdrivers having electrical components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
- B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
- B25B21/02—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
- B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
- B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
- B25B23/145—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for fluid operated wrenches or screwdrivers
- B25B23/1453—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for fluid operated wrenches or screwdrivers for impact wrenches or screwdrivers
Definitions
- the invention is based on a screwdriver of the type of claim 1 or a method for tightening a Screw connection according to the preamble of claim 8. It is already a screwdriver with hydraulic Impulse mechanism known (US 4,418,764), in which the amount of the tightening torque effective on the screwing tool Change the cross section of an overflow channel by means of an adjusting screw can be fixed.
- the overflow channel is between a high pressure chamber and a Low pressure chamber arranged and serves to equalize the pressure a print medium.
- the screwdriver is included provided with a mechanical shutdown device that Rotary drive depending on the pressure of the pressure medium switches off.
- the screwdriver according to the invention has the advantage that a simple Structure of the screwdriver is made possible.
- a desired one Tightening torque is easy to specify, one The cross section of the overflow channel does not change is required.
- By detecting the change in the angle of rotation ⁇ of the output shaft between successive Angular momentum of the striking mechanism and by comparing the Angle change ⁇ with a threshold value ⁇ is also a Switch-off criterion for the drive motor can be specified so that a mechanical shutdown device is not required.
- the speed setpoints are raised by means of a handle easy to select by the operator.
- an electric motor especially one electronically commutated motor as a rotary drive becomes one good drive dynamics achieved, so that the rotary drive too with a relatively high load between successive Angular momentum can be accelerated to the specified target speed is.
- the provision of an electric motor also has the advantage that the screwdriver is network-independent by means of an accumulator is operable. With the help of a recording device the speed change ⁇ n of the input shaft can easily Closed on the present tightening torque M. become.
- FIG. 1 shows a section through a Handheld screwdriver designed according to the invention and FIG. 2 a section along line II-II in Figure 1.
- a handheld screwdriver designated by 10 in FIG. 1 has a Housing 11, in which a drive motor 12 is housed.
- a drive shaft 13 of the drive motor 12 is via a Pinion 14 and a transmission gear 15 with a Input shaft 16 of a striking mechanism 17 in a rotationally locking manner coupled.
- the striking mechanism 17 in turn has one Output shaft 18, which with its striking mechanism 17th end facing away from the housing 11 of the hand screwdriver 10 protrudes and there is a tool holder 19 for a not wrench shown in detail.
- the drive motor 12 is an electric motor, in particular a electronically commutated motor trained and over electrical connecting lines 20, 21 controllable.
- the Housing 11 forms an approximately radial of a drive axis 22 away handle 23.
- a Print trigger 24 housed, by means of which Drive motor 12 on or off via a switching device 25 can be switched off.
- the handle 23 is an accumulator 26, the Drive motor 12 supplied with electrical drive energy and this about electrical not shown Connecting lines with the drive motor 12 or the Switching device 25 is connected.
- the hammer mechanism 17 is a hydraulic pulse hammer mechanism educated.
- the input shaft 16 forms an approximately cylindrical rotating body 30, which has an axial bore 31 for receiving the output shaft 18 and with a Radial bore 32 provided for receiving a reciprocating piston 33 is.
- the reciprocating piston 33 in turn has an axial Through hole 34 which extends through the output shaft 18 becomes.
- Within the rotating body 30 are one High pressure chamber 35 and a low pressure chamber 36 formed with each other via an overflow channel 37 are connected.
- the overflow channel 37 runs inside the wall of the rotating body 30.
- the inside of the rotary body 30 is with a pressure medium, for example, a hydraulic oil filled. On the outside it is Inside of the rotating body 30 through a cover 38 an opening of the radial bore 32 and through sealant 39 sealed on the output shaft 18.
- Between Reciprocating piston 33 and output shaft 18 are one Active connection via a cam control 40.
- the cam 52 is designed such that the control cam 51 once per complete relative rotation from output shaft 18 to Reciprocating piston 33 this displacement towards one Reduction of the volume of the high pressure chamber 35 down imposes. This always occurs when the control cam 51 on a tax paragraph 53 of the control curve 52.
- the reciprocating piston 33 is retracted by means of a return spring 54 the pulse output back to its starting position deferred.
- the continuity equation applies to the volume flow dV / dt, ie the volume of the overflowing pressure medium corresponds exactly to the reduction in the volume of the high-pressure chamber 35.
- ⁇ (t) represents the difference in the angular velocities of input shaft 16 and output shaft 18 and ⁇ indicates the difference in rotational angle between these two shafts during the pulse output.
- this angle of rotation difference ⁇ can be set equal to the angle of rotation ⁇ of the input shaft 18.
- differential angular velocity ⁇ (t) then also corresponds in good approximation to the angular velocity and thus the rotational speed n of the input shaft 16.
- the above relationship therefore makes it clear that the volume flow dV / dt and thus the pressure difference ⁇ p (t) or the momentum M can be influenced by the differential angular velocity ⁇ (t) by the speed n of the input shaft 16.
- the screwdriver 10 with means 27 for preselecting the speed n of the input shaft 16 to be provided.
- This is the way it is Tool holder 19 tapped momentum M even without Cross-section change of the overflow channel 37 controllable.
- the speed n of the input shaft 16 and the drive speed of the drive motor 13 via the respective Gear ratio i of the transmission gear 15 directly related the preselection of the speed n over a Appropriate control of the drive motor 12 take place.
- the means 27 for preselecting the speed n of the input shaft 16 have a handle 41 according to the exemplary embodiment Set a target speed n to.
- the handle 41 is for example, as protruding from the housing 11 Knob 47 formed with the switching device 25th interacts in such a way that the operator does the necessary Speed n can select at which the desired Sets momentum moment M on the output shaft 18.
- the Switching device 25 is with corresponding electrical or electronic control means.
- the handle 41 used to specify the desired torque setpoint is by different switching positions of the rotary knob 47th marked with corresponding torque default values and the assignment of these torque setpoints to the corresponding speed setpoints internally e.g. by means of a Table is done in a storage element.
- the means 27 for preselecting the speed n of the input shaft 16 in the exemplary embodiment Speed control device 42 which has a sensor 43 comprises, which detects the actual speed of the input shaft 16 and via connecting lines 45, 46 in signal form to a Comparison device 42a of the speed control device 42 forwards. The regulates in the event of a speed deviation Speed control device 42 the drive motor 12 accordingly, so that a stiff characteristic can be achieved is.
- any speed sensor can be used as sensor 43 Find use.
- the transducer 43 is designed as an incremental sensor, which in addition to the detection of the speed n also the determination of the angle of rotation ⁇ of the input shaft 16 between the consecutive angular momentum.
- Input shaft 16 and drive shaft 13 are mentioned at Screwing process coupled with each other so that also in the arrangement of the transducer 43 shown the drive shaft 13 via the gear ratio i Speed n and the respective angle of rotation ⁇ of the input shaft 16 can be determined.
- the start of a pulse delivery can for example based on the speed curve n (t) significant drop in speed ⁇ n can be detected.
- Angle of rotation ⁇ of the input shaft 16 can be directly on the pro Angle of rotation occurred angle of rotation (change in angle of rotation ⁇ ) of the output shaft 18 are closed because the Input shaft 16 via the cam controller 40 with the Output shaft 18 is coupled.
- a Evaluation device 44 is provided which the Speed control device 42 is assigned and which of the Sensor 43 recorded and via the connecting lines 45, 46 processed signals processed. The Evaluation device 44 thus forms together with the Sensor 43 a device for detecting the Angle change ⁇ of the output shaft 18 per angular momentum.
- the Evaluation device 44 In addition to the speed n of the input shaft 13, the Evaluation device 44 also the one already mentioned Speed drop ⁇ n determined during the screwing process and as a measure for determining the on the tool holder 19th tapped momentum moment M used. This is sufficiently precise, since it can be assumed that a correspondingly strong one with a large pulse output Speed drop ⁇ n and vice versa. At the same time by the beginning of the speed drop ⁇ n also the beginning of the Pulse delivery signals what is for the aforementioned determination of the angle of rotation ⁇ of the input shaft 16 or Angle change ⁇ of the output shaft 18 is helpful. The evaluation device 44 thus forms together with the Sensor 43 also has a device for detecting the Speed drop ⁇ n of the input shaft 16.
- the ratio is also in the evaluation device 44 ⁇ n / ⁇ of speed change ⁇ n of the input shaft 16 for Angle change ⁇ of the output shaft 18 is determined and as Determining variable for determining the target speed of the Input shaft 16 used.
- ⁇ n / ⁇ can be applied to the existing screwing case (hard / soft) can be inferred because the speed drop ⁇ n is proportional to the momentum M.
- M the existing screwing case
- ⁇ n / ⁇ is a hard screwdriving due to a large ratio M / ⁇ characterized, a soft screwdriving case by a small one.
- the screw connection can be particularly tighten exactly to a desired torque.
- evaluation device 44 can be used, for example, with a Memory element be provided in the reference values of the Ratio ⁇ n / ⁇ can be saved. By comparing the determined during the current screwing process Actual ratio ⁇ n / ⁇ with the reference quantities can be corresponding speed correction on the drive motor 12 be made automatically.
- evaluation device 44 is a limit value ⁇ stored, which is a minimal change in the angle of rotation ⁇ Output shaft 18 between successive angular pulses indicates. If this limit value ⁇ is in the course of Screwing process reached, i.e. if ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , it becomes Tightening torque of the screw connection successive angular momentum no longer worth mentioning increases and the evaluation device 44 switches the Drive motor 12 accordingly.
- the invention is not based on the described Embodiment limited. So the screwdriver can too with any other hydraulic pulse hammer mechanism, for example that known from US 4,418,764 Lamellar impact mechanism. Also a Transmission gear between drive motor and striking mechanism is not always necessary depending on the motor type.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
Description
Claims (8)
- Schrauber, insbesondere Handschrauber, mit einem hydraulischen Schlagwerk (17), das eine mittels eines Antriebsmotors (12) drehend antreibbare Eingangswelle (16) und eine mit einer Werkzeughalterung (19) gekoppelte, gegenüber der Eingangswelle (16) verdrehbare Ausgangswelle (18) hat, und das wenigstens eine Hochdruckkammer (35) und wenigstens eine Niederdruckkammer (36) aufweist, die jeweils mit einem Druckmedium gefüllt und über wenigstens einen Überströmkanal (37) miteinander verbunden sind, wobei das Druckmedium in der Hochdruckkammer (35) bei einer Relativverdrehung von Eingangswelle (16) und Ausgangswelle (18) zueinander mit Druck beaufschlagbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schrauber (10) zwecks Beeinflussung eines an der Ausgangswelle (18) abgreifbaren Impulsmomentes (M) Mittel (27) zur Vorwahl einer Drehzahl (n) der Eingangswelle (16) aufweist, die eine Drehzahlregeleinrichtung (42) für den Antriebsmotor (12) aufweisen.
- Schrauber nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel (27) zur Vorwahl der Drehzahl (n) bzw. des Impulsmomentes (M) eine Schalteinrichtung (25) zur Einstellung verschiedener Impulsmomentsollwerte mittels verschiedener Drehzahlsollwerte aufweisen.
- Schrauber nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Antriebsmotor (12) durch einen Elektromotor gebildet wird.
- Schrauber nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Elektromotor als elektronisch kommutierter Motor ausgebildet ist.
- Schrauber nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Elektromotor mittels eines Akkumulators (26) netzunabhängig betreibbar ist.
- Schrauber nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schrauber (10) mit einer Einrichtung (43, 44) zur Erfassung einer Drehzahländerung (Δn) der Eingangswelle (16) versehen ist.
- Schrauber nach Anspruch 1 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schrauber (10) mit einer Einrichtung (43, 44) zur Erfassung einer Drehwinkeländerung (Δϕ) der Ausgangswelle (18) versehen ist.
- Verfahren zum Anziehen einer Schraubverbindung mittels eines Schraubers (10), der mit einem Antriebsmotor (12) und mit einem drehimpulserzeugenden Schlagwerk (17) versehen ist, welches Schlagwerk (17) eine mittels des Antriebsmotors (12) drehend antreibbare Eingangswelle (16) aufweist und eine mit einer Werkzeughalterung (19) für ein Schraubwerkzeug gekoppelte Ausgangswelle (16) hat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Solldrehzahl der Eingangswelle (16) vorgewählt wird, daß während des Schraubvorgangs das Verhältnis Δn/Δϕ von Drehzahländerung (Δn) der Eingangswelle (16) zur Drehwinkeländerung (Δϕ) der Ausgangswelle (18) ermittelt wird und daß dieses Verhältnis Δn/Δϕ als Bestimmungsgröße für die Vorwahl der Solldrehzahl der Eingangswelle (16) in einer Auswerteeinrichtung (44) herangezogen wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4427452 | 1994-08-03 | ||
| DE4427452A DE4427452A1 (de) | 1994-08-03 | 1994-08-03 | Schrauber und Verfahren zum Anziehen einer Schraubverbindung mittels des Schraubers |
| PCT/DE1995/000711 WO1996004106A1 (de) | 1994-08-03 | 1995-06-01 | Schrauber und verfahren zum anziehen einer schraubverbindung mittels des schraubers |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0773854A1 EP0773854A1 (de) | 1997-05-21 |
| EP0773854B1 true EP0773854B1 (de) | 2000-01-26 |
Family
ID=6524820
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95919965A Expired - Lifetime EP0773854B1 (de) | 1994-08-03 | 1995-06-01 | Schrauber und verfahren zum anziehen einer schraubverbindung mittels des schraubers |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0773854B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH10503432A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4427452A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1996004106A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8286723B2 (en) | 2010-01-07 | 2012-10-16 | Black & Decker Inc. | Power screwdriver having rotary input control |
| US8418778B2 (en) | 2010-01-07 | 2013-04-16 | Black & Decker Inc. | Power screwdriver having rotary input control |
| USRE44311E1 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2013-06-25 | Black & Decker Inc. | Power tool anti-kickback system with rotational rate sensor |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001205575A (ja) * | 2000-01-28 | 2001-07-31 | Nitto Kohki Co Ltd | トルク制御式インパクトレンチ |
| JP3361794B2 (ja) * | 2000-08-11 | 2003-01-07 | 瓜生製作株式会社 | 油圧式トルクレンチの打撃トルク発生装置 |
| CN100511300C (zh) * | 2002-04-11 | 2009-07-08 | 传感电子公司 | 用于优化电子商品监视系统的范围的系统与方法 |
| DE102005056264A1 (de) * | 2005-11-14 | 2007-05-16 | Fein C & E Gmbh | Schrauber mit Drehzahlregelung und Verfahren zur Drehzahlregelung eines Schraubers |
| DE102007045695A1 (de) * | 2007-09-24 | 2009-04-02 | Hs-Technik Gmbh | Hydropneumatischer Impulsschrauber und Verfahren zur Steuerung eines hydropneumatischen Impulsschraubers |
| US9475180B2 (en) | 2010-01-07 | 2016-10-25 | Black & Decker Inc. | Power tool having rotary input control |
| US9266178B2 (en) | 2010-01-07 | 2016-02-23 | Black & Decker Inc. | Power tool having rotary input control |
| DE102010063080A1 (de) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-06-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einem mechanischen Schlagwerk |
| EP2631035B1 (de) | 2012-02-24 | 2019-10-16 | Black & Decker Inc. | Elektrisches Werkzeug |
| JP5403110B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-04 | 2014-01-29 | マックス株式会社 | 打撃工具 |
| US10589413B2 (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2020-03-17 | Black & Decker Inc. | Power tool with anti-kickback control system |
| JP7100668B2 (ja) * | 2017-05-16 | 2022-07-13 | アトラス・コプコ・インダストリアル・テクニーク・アクチボラグ | 油圧衝撃レンチの油面警告 |
| DE102021204317A1 (de) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-03 | Hagn, k.s. | Verbundwerkzeug |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES440899A1 (es) * | 1974-09-19 | 1977-06-16 | Standard Pressed Steel Co | Un metodo de apretar un organo de sujecion. |
| US4358735A (en) * | 1977-07-25 | 1982-11-09 | Sps Technologies, Inc. | Bidirectional incremental encoding system for measuring maximum forward angular displacement of a bidirectionally rotatable rotating shaft |
| DE3103286A1 (de) * | 1981-01-31 | 1982-08-12 | Kress-elektrik GmbH & Co, Elektromotorenfabrik, 7457 Bisingen | Elektrohandwerkzeugmaschine zum schrauben, bohren und eventuell schlagbohren |
| US4418764A (en) * | 1981-07-14 | 1983-12-06 | Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fluid impulse torque tool |
| US4609089A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1986-09-02 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kuken | Impact wrench for tightening to a desired level |
| DE3519352A1 (de) * | 1985-05-30 | 1986-12-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Schraubvorrichtung mit motorgetriebenem schraubendreher |
| US5014793A (en) * | 1989-04-10 | 1991-05-14 | Measurement Specialties, Inc. | Variable speed DC motor controller apparatus particularly adapted for control of portable-power tools |
-
1994
- 1994-08-03 DE DE4427452A patent/DE4427452A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-06-01 DE DE59507705T patent/DE59507705D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-06-01 EP EP95919965A patent/EP0773854B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-01 WO PCT/DE1995/000711 patent/WO1996004106A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1995-06-01 JP JP8506076A patent/JPH10503432A/ja active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USRE44311E1 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2013-06-25 | Black & Decker Inc. | Power tool anti-kickback system with rotational rate sensor |
| USRE44993E1 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2014-07-08 | Black & Decker Inc. | Power tool anti-kickback system with rotational rate sensor |
| USRE45112E1 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2014-09-09 | Black & Decker Inc. | Power tool anti-kickback system with rotational rate sensor |
| US8286723B2 (en) | 2010-01-07 | 2012-10-16 | Black & Decker Inc. | Power screwdriver having rotary input control |
| US8418778B2 (en) | 2010-01-07 | 2013-04-16 | Black & Decker Inc. | Power screwdriver having rotary input control |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4427452A1 (de) | 1996-02-08 |
| DE59507705D1 (de) | 2000-03-02 |
| WO1996004106A1 (de) | 1996-02-15 |
| JPH10503432A (ja) | 1998-03-31 |
| EP0773854A1 (de) | 1997-05-21 |
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