EP0773425A1 - Means for lining retention for a hollow charge - Google Patents

Means for lining retention for a hollow charge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0773425A1
EP0773425A1 EP96402313A EP96402313A EP0773425A1 EP 0773425 A1 EP0773425 A1 EP 0773425A1 EP 96402313 A EP96402313 A EP 96402313A EP 96402313 A EP96402313 A EP 96402313A EP 0773425 A1 EP0773425 A1 EP 0773425A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
washer
charge
holding device
vector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96402313A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0773425B1 (en
Inventor
Pascal Laurend
Michel Vives
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Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0773425A1 publication Critical patent/EP0773425A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0773425B1 publication Critical patent/EP0773425B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/028—Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the form of the liner

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of devices for maintaining the coating of a core-generating charge and more particularly of a core-generating charge intended to be placed inside a vector, such as a shell. cargo ship, and to be ejected from it at a given time on the trajectory
  • the core-generating charges generally comprise an explosive charge placed in an envelope and to which a coating is applied having the overall shape of a spherical cap.
  • the coating is set in motion by the incident pressure wave. It deforms by turning over "like a thimble", that is to say it transforms into a projectile (or core) the front part of which is formed by the axial zone of the covering and the rear part is a formed skirt by the periphery of the coating.
  • Patent FR2627580 describes such a charge generating a nucleus.
  • the coating is usually attached to the explosive charge by gluing or it is immobilized relative to the envelope of the charge by means of a support integral with the envelope and placed in front of the coating.
  • the core-generating charges which are intended to be ejected from a vector are subjected to significant acceleration forces which can cause, a separation of the coating and of the loading, or at least a degradation of the coating, thus harming the subsequent formation of the nucleus.
  • the problem of the behavior of the coating acceleration is all the more complex as the charge is in principle subjected during the firing of the vector (such as an artillery shell) to a first acceleration, then knows during the ejection of the charge out of the vector a second acceleration having a direction opposite to that of the first.
  • the device according to the invention thus ensures excellent resistance of the coating of the load to the acceleration stresses which it undergoes inside the vector without causing disturbance to the formation of the core.
  • the subject of the invention is a device for maintaining a coating of a charge generating a core with respect to an envelope of said charge, a charge which is intended to be placed inside a vector, such as a cargo shell, and to be ejected out of this vector at a given time on the trajectory, device characterized in that it includes wedging means which ensure axial retention of the coating relative to the envelope of the load and which separate from it when ejected from the vector.
  • the wedging means are kept applied to the coating by a support means which is external to the charge and which is ejected from the vector at the same time as the latter.
  • the support means may be constituted by another load placed in the vector.
  • the wedging means will also be able to drive the coating in rotation.
  • the wedging means comprise a washer or an annular support which is supported on a peripheral zone of the covering.
  • This washer or this support can be divided into at least two parts which separate when the load is ejected from the vector.
  • the washer may include spring tabs, regularly distributed angularly and which are arranged so as to allow deformation by compression of the washer.
  • the spring tabs may have the form of arcs of a circle concentric with the washer.
  • the wedging means may comprise a cup kept applied to an external surface of the coating.
  • a sheet of compressible material may be placed between the coating and the cup.
  • a vector 1 which is here an artillery cargo shell, comprises an envelope 2, closed at one end by a base 3 and at the other end by a warhead 4.
  • the envelope 2 here contains two anti-tank submunitions 5a, 5b, which are held axially between the base 3 and a piston 6.
  • This shell is intended to eject the submunitions 5a and 5b at a given instant on the trajectory.
  • the ejection is controlled by a chronometric rocket 7, which initiates a gas generating charge 8.
  • the gas pressure pushes the piston which causes the separation of the base 3 and the casing 2 then the exit of the submunitions 5a, 5b out of the envelope.
  • Such a shell is known for example from patent FR2682754, which shows in particular the means allowing the rotation of the submunitions by the envelope as well as those allowing an adjustment of the axial clearance between the submunitions and the envelope ( means that are not shown here).
  • the submunitions 5a and 5b are charges which generate a nucleus. Each charge thus comprises an envelope 10 inside which is placed an explosive charge 9. A coating 11 is applied to the explosive charge 9.
  • the coating is kept applied axially to the explosive charge by wedging means which include an annular support 12.
  • This annular support is shown in more detail in Figures 2a and 2b. It has an external diameter less than or equal to the diameter of the casing 2 of the shell and on which a groove 13 is arranged intended to cooperate with a key (not shown) to ensure its drive in rotation by the casing 2.
  • the support 12 has a circular internal fold 14 which has a surface corresponding to the external surface of the covering 11. It also has a flat rear face 15 which is supported on the second load 5b and a flat rim 16 which comes to bear on the 'envelope 10 of the load 5a.
  • the support 12 is pinched between the two charges 5a and 5b. It then ensures axial retention of the coating 11 relative to the envelope 10 of the charge 5a (as well as an axial retention of the explosive charge 9 relative to the envelope 10).
  • the support is kept applied in this setting position of the covering by means of support which is formed by the second load 5b.
  • FIG. 1a represents this same cargo shell 1 at the time of ejection on the trajectory of the charges 5a, 5b.
  • the pressure of the gases generated by the gas-generating charge 8 separates the base 3 from the shell 2 of the shell and pushes in the direction indicated by the arrow F the stack of charges out of the shell 2.
  • the support 12 which is not integral with the charges 5a or 5b separates from them during ejection.
  • the core-generating load 5a then has the configuration, represented in FIG. 1a, in which no ring or obstacle is located in front of the coating 11.
  • This variant will give a certain elasticity to the connection, possibly making it possible to compensate for thermal expansions.
  • the coating of the load 5b is held axially by a similar support (not shown) disposed between the piston 6 and the load 5b.
  • FIG. 3a represents a second embodiment of the invention in which the coating 11 of the load 5a is held axially relative to the envelope 10 by wedging means constituted by a thin cup 17.
  • the cup 17 has a circular border 18 which is pinched between the two loads 5a, 5b and it has a convex profile which matches that of the external surface of the covering 11.
  • the cup will preferably be made of metal, for example steel or aluminum alloy.
  • the cup 17 separates from the coating 11 as well as the elastomer 19 which can advantageously be glued to the cup.
  • the core-generating charge of the submunition 5a therefore no longer includes any disruptive obstacle placed in front of its coating.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to distribute the acceleration forces relatively uniformly and over the entire external surface of the covering 11. It is particularly well suited to core-generating charges which use coverings of which the material is ductile or for which the formation of the core is disturbed by the presence of local stresses on the coating.
  • This embodiment also makes it possible to protect the external surface of the coating 11 from shocks or friction occurring at the time of ejection.
  • FIG. 3b shows an alternative embodiment in which the cup 17 is annular and therefore has an axial hole 20.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to give the cup increased elasticity (possibly making it possible to compensate for thermal expansions).
  • FIG. 4a shows a third embodiment of the invention in which the cup 17 does not have a circular edge 18 but a flat support crown 21.
  • a washer 22 is placed on this support ring and is interposed between the load 5b and the cup 17.
  • the wedging means therefore comprise the cup 17 and the washer 22, and these wedging means are kept applied to the covering 11 by a support means which is constituted by the load 5b.
  • the washer has a diameter slightly greater than that of the envelope 10 and is housed in a countersink 10a of the envelope.
  • the counterbore carries dishes intended to cooperate with the washer to ensure its drive in rotation.
  • the washer 22 is shown in more detail in Figures 4b and 4c. It is made of stamped spring steel sheet and it has spring tongues 23 (here four tongues), regularly angularly distributed, and which are supported on the crown 21 of the cup 17.
  • These spring tabs 23 have here the form of arcs of circles concentric with the washer 22 and they are obtained by cutting the washer.
  • the washer 22 also has three flats 24, regularly angularly distributed, which cooperate with the corresponding machining operations arranged on the casing 10 at the counterbore 10a. These flats make it possible to ensure the rotation drive of the washer 22 by the load 5a.
  • the washer 22 is deformable in compression and it makes it possible to make up for the axial clearances between the coating 11 and the casing 10, mainly the clearances due to thermal expansion.
  • the cup allows the stresses to be distributed over the entire external surface of the coating.
  • the washer 22 and the cup 17 separate from the charge 5a and therefore do not disturb the subsequent formation of the core.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that it ensures excellent mechanical resistance to the acceleration of ejection of the charge while allowing thermal expansion in a very reliable and reproducible manner.
  • a washer 22 is preferably adopted such that, when the shell is rotated, the ends of the tongues 23 engage in the cup 17 (or in the coating). This ensures the rotational drive of the cup and / or of the coating by the washer 22 (itself driven in rotation by the casing 10 of the load).
  • the use of a cup protects the coating from the penetration of the tongues.
  • the washer must therefore be defined in such a way that the tongues come to bear on the cup and have an orientation such that the direction of rotation of the shell corresponds to an arc oriented from the base of the tongue towards its free end.
  • the elastic washer 22 may be replaced by a compressible elastomer washer.
  • Figures 5a and 5b show another alternative embodiment of the washer 22 in which the spring tabs 23 extend in a radial direction of the washer.
  • These tongues have a shape such that they come into contact with the concave surface of the cup 17.
  • the cup 17 and / or the washer 22 in several sectors, these sectors may be produced asymmetrically so as to promote their dispersal out of the shell.
  • Figure 6 shows for example a spring washer 22 made in four sectors 22a, 22b, 22c and 22d and Figure 7 shows a cup 17 made in three sectors 17a, 17b and 17c.

Abstract

The holder (12) for an explosive charge cover (11) which is designed to form the nose cone of a projectile when detonated consists of a wedging member in the form of a ring or annular support (12) which holds the cover in place axially in relation to the charge casing (10) until it is separated from the carrier shell (1) during the latter's trajectory.

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des dispositifs de maintien du revêtement d'une charge génératrice de noyau et plus particulièrement d'une charge génératrice de noyau destinée à être mise en place à l'intérieur d'un vecteur, tel un obus cargo, et à être éjectée hors de celui ci à un instant donné sur trajectoireThe technical field of the invention is that of devices for maintaining the coating of a core-generating charge and more particularly of a core-generating charge intended to be placed inside a vector, such as a shell. cargo ship, and to be ejected from it at a given time on the trajectory

Les charges génératrices de noyau comportent généralement un chargement explosif disposé dans une enveloppe et sur lequel est appliqué un revêtement ayant globalement la forme d'une calotte sphérique.The core-generating charges generally comprise an explosive charge placed in an envelope and to which a coating is applied having the overall shape of a spherical cap.

Lors de la détonation de l'explosif, le revêtement est mis en mouvement par l'onde de pression incidente. Il se déforme en se retournant "en doigt de gant", c'est à dire qu'il se transforme en un projectile (ou noyau) dont la partie avant est constituée par la zone axiale du revêtement et la partie arrière est une jupe formée par la périphérie du revêtement .During the detonation of the explosive, the coating is set in motion by the incident pressure wave. It deforms by turning over "like a thimble", that is to say it transforms into a projectile (or core) the front part of which is formed by the axial zone of the covering and the rear part is a formed skirt by the periphery of the coating.

Le brevet FR2627580 décrit une telle charge génératrice de noyau.Patent FR2627580 describes such a charge generating a nucleus.

Le revêtement est habituellement fixé au chargement explosif par collage ou bien il est immobilisé par rapport à l'enveloppe de la charge au moyen d'un support solidaire de l'enveloppe et placé devant le revêtement.The coating is usually attached to the explosive charge by gluing or it is immobilized relative to the envelope of the charge by means of a support integral with the envelope and placed in front of the coating.

De telles solutions connues sont décrites par le brevet FR2657156.Such known solutions are described by patent FR2657156.

La mise en place d'un support devant le revêtement présente pour inconvénient majeur de perturber la formation du noyau par le chargement. Cette perturbation est présente même en adoptant un support comme celui décrit par FR2657156 qui se désolidarise de l'enveloppe par l'action de la détonation de la charge explosive.The establishment of a support in front of the coating has the major drawback of disturbing the formation of the core by the loading. This disturbance is present even by adopting a support like that described by FR2657156 which dissociates from the envelope by the action of the detonation of the explosive charge.

De plus, les charges génératrices de noyau qui sont destinées à être éjectées hors d'un vecteur sont soumises à d'importants efforts d'accélération qui peuvent provoquer, une désolidarisation du revêtement et du chargement, ou tout au moins une dégradation du revêtement, nuisant ainsi à la formation ultérieure du noyau.In addition, the core-generating charges which are intended to be ejected from a vector are subjected to significant acceleration forces which can cause, a separation of the coating and of the loading, or at least a degradation of the coating, thus harming the subsequent formation of the nucleus.

Le problème de la tenue du revêtement aux efforts d'accélération est d'autant plus complexe que la charge se trouve en principe soumise lors du tir du vecteur (tel un obus d'artillerie) à une première accélération, puis connaît lors de l'éjection de la charge hors du vecteur une deuxième accélération ayant un sens inverse de celui de la première.The problem of the behavior of the coating acceleration is all the more complex as the charge is in principle subjected during the firing of the vector (such as an artillery shell) to a first acceleration, then knows during the ejection of the charge out of the vector a second acceleration having a direction opposite to that of the first.

Il n'est ainsi pas possible de donner à la charge une orientation à l'intérieur du vecteur qui assure dans tous les cas la tenue aux contraintes d'accélération, du revêtement ainsi que du chargement explosif sur lequel il est appliqué.It is thus not possible to give the load an orientation inside the vector which ensures in all cases the resistance to acceleration constraints, of the coating as well as of the explosive charge to which it is applied.

Ces charges sont enfin soumises lors du stockage à des contraintes thermiques qui provoquent des dilatations dont l'amplitude est différente pour le chargement explosif et pour l'enveloppe métallique.These charges are finally subjected during storage to thermal stresses which cause expansion whose amplitude is different for the explosive charge and for the metallic envelope.

C'est le but de l'invention que de proposer un dispositif de maintien du revêtement d'une charge génératrice de noyau qui permette de pallier de tels inconvénients.It is the object of the invention to propose a device for maintaining the coating of a charge generating a core which makes it possible to overcome such drawbacks.

Le dispositif selon l'invention assure ainsi une excellente tenue du revêtement de la charge aux contraintes d'accélération subies par celle-ci à l'intérieur du vecteur sans occasionner de perturbation à la formation du noyau.The device according to the invention thus ensures excellent resistance of the coating of the load to the acceleration stresses which it undergoes inside the vector without causing disturbance to the formation of the core.

Ce maintien est également assuré quelles que soient les contraintes thermiques subies.This maintenance is also ensured whatever the thermal stresses undergone.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un dispositif de maintien d'un revêtement d'une charge génératrice de noyau par rapport à une enveloppe de ladite charge, charge qui est destinée à être mise en place à l'intérieur d'un vecteur, tel un obus cargo, et à être éjectée hors de ce vecteur à un instant donné sur trajectoire, dispositif caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de calage qui assurent un maintien axial du revêtement par rapport à l'enveloppe de la charge et qui se séparent de celle-ci lors de son éjection hors du vecteur.Thus, the subject of the invention is a device for maintaining a coating of a charge generating a core with respect to an envelope of said charge, a charge which is intended to be placed inside a vector, such as a cargo shell, and to be ejected out of this vector at a given time on the trajectory, device characterized in that it includes wedging means which ensure axial retention of the coating relative to the envelope of the load and which separate from it when ejected from the vector.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, les moyens de calage sont maintenus appliqués sur le revêtement par un moyen d'appui qui est extérieur à la charge et qui se trouve éjecté hors du vecteur en même temps que celle-ci.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the wedging means are kept applied to the coating by a support means which is external to the charge and which is ejected from the vector at the same time as the latter.

Le moyen d'appui pourra être constitué par une autre charge placée dans le vecteur.The support means may be constituted by another load placed in the vector.

Selon une variante de réalisation, les moyens de calage pourront assurer également l'entraînement en rotation du revêtement.According to an alternative embodiment, the wedging means will also be able to drive the coating in rotation.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, les moyens de calage comportent une rondelle ou un support annulaire qui est en appui sur une zone périphérique du revêtement.According to a characteristic of the invention, the wedging means comprise a washer or an annular support which is supported on a peripheral zone of the covering.

Cette rondelle ou ce support pourra être divisé en au moins deux parties qui se séparent lors de l'éjection de la charge hors du vecteur.This washer or this support can be divided into at least two parts which separate when the load is ejected from the vector.

Selon un mode particulier de réalisation, la rondelle pourra comporter des languettes ressorts, régulièrement réparties angulairement et qui sont disposées de façon à permettre une déformation par compression de la rondelle.According to a particular embodiment, the washer may include spring tabs, regularly distributed angularly and which are arranged so as to allow deformation by compression of the washer.

Les languettes ressort pourront avoir une forme d'arcs de cercle concentriques à la rondelle.The spring tabs may have the form of arcs of a circle concentric with the washer.

Selon une autre variante de l'invention, les moyens de calage pourront comporter une coupelle maintenue appliquée sur une surface externe du revêtement.According to another variant of the invention, the wedging means may comprise a cup kept applied to an external surface of the coating.

Une feuille de matériau compressible pourra être disposée entre le revêtement et la coupelle.A sheet of compressible material may be placed between the coating and the cup.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre de modes particuliers de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés et dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 représente schématiquement un vecteur renfermant deux sous-munitions à charge génératrice de noyau et incorporant un dispositif de maintien selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 1a représente le même vecteur au moment de l'éjection des sous-munitions,
  • la figure 2a, 2b et 2c représentent plus en détail le moyen de calage mis en oeuvre à la figure 1, la figure 2b étant une coupe suivant le plan AA dont la trace est représentée à la figure 2a, et la figure 2c montre une variante de réalisation,
  • la figure 3a représente partiellement un vecteur renfermant deux sous-munitions à charge génératrice de noyau et incorporant un dispositif de maintien selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 3b représente une variante de réalisation de la figure 3a,
  • la figure 4a représente partiellement un vecteur renfermant deux sous-munitions à charge génératrice de noyau et inccrporant un dispositif de maintien selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • les figures 4b et 4c montrent la rondelle ressort utilisée dans ce troisième mode de réalisation, la figure 4c étant une coupe suivant le plan repéré BB sur la figure 4b,
  • les figures 5a et 5b représentent une variante d'exécution de la rondelle ressort,
  • la figure 6 montre une autre variante de réalisation de la rondelle ressort,
  • la figure 7 représente une variante de réalisation de la coupelle de calage.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows of particular embodiments, description made with reference to the appended drawings and in which:
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents a vector containing two submunitions with a core-generating charge and incorporating a holding device according to a first embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 1a represents the same vector at the time of ejection of the submunitions,
  • Figure 2a, 2b and 2c show in more detail the timing means used in Figure 1, Figure 2b being a section along the plane AA, the trace of which is shown in Figure 2a, and Figure 2c shows a variant of achievement,
  • FIG. 3a partially represents a vector containing two submunitions with a core-generating charge and incorporating a holding device according to a second embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 3b represents an alternative embodiment of FIG. 3a,
  • FIG. 4a partially represents a vector containing two submunitions with a charge generating a nucleus and incorporating a holding device according to a third embodiment of the invention,
  • FIGS. 4b and 4c show the spring washer used in this third embodiment, FIG. 4c being a section along the plane marked BB in FIG. 4b,
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b represent an alternative embodiment of the spring washer,
  • FIG. 6 shows another alternative embodiment of the spring washer,
  • Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the wedging cup.

Si on se reporte à la figure 1, un vecteur 1 qui est ici un obus cargo d'artillerie, comporte une enveloppe 2, fermée à une extrémité par un culot 3 et à l'autre extrémité par une ogive 4.If we refer to FIG. 1, a vector 1 which is here an artillery cargo shell, comprises an envelope 2, closed at one end by a base 3 and at the other end by a warhead 4.

L'enveloppe 2 renferme ici deux sous-munitions antichar 5a, 5b, qui sont maintenues axialement entre le culot 3 et un piston 6.The envelope 2 here contains two anti-tank submunitions 5a, 5b, which are held axially between the base 3 and a piston 6.

Cet obus est destiné à éjecter à un instant donné sur trajectoire les sous-munitions 5a et 5b. L'éjection est commandée par une fusée chronométrique 7, qui initie une charge génératrice de gaz 8. La pression des gaz pousse le piston qui provoque la séparation du culot 3 et de l'enveloppe 2 puis la sortie des sous-munitions 5a,5b hors de l'enveloppe.This shell is intended to eject the submunitions 5a and 5b at a given instant on the trajectory. The ejection is controlled by a chronometric rocket 7, which initiates a gas generating charge 8. The gas pressure pushes the piston which causes the separation of the base 3 and the casing 2 then the exit of the submunitions 5a, 5b out of the envelope.

Un tel obus est connu par exemple par le brevet FR2682754, qui montre notamment les moyens permettant l'entraînement en rotation des sous-munitions par l'enveloppe ainsi que ceux permettant un réglage du jeu axial entre les sous-munitions et l'enveloppe (moyens qui ne sont pas représentés ici).Such a shell is known for example from patent FR2682754, which shows in particular the means allowing the rotation of the submunitions by the envelope as well as those allowing an adjustment of the axial clearance between the submunitions and the envelope ( means that are not shown here).

Les sous-munitions 5a et 5b sont des charges génératrices de noyau. Chaque charge comporte ainsi une enveloppe 10 à l'intérieur de laquelle est placé un chargement explosif 9. Un revêtement 11 est appliqué sur le chargement explosif 9.The submunitions 5a and 5b are charges which generate a nucleus. Each charge thus comprises an envelope 10 inside which is placed an explosive charge 9. A coating 11 is applied to the explosive charge 9.

Une telle charge est décrite par exemple par le brevet FR2627580.Such a charge is described for example by patent FR2627580.

Suivant un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, le revêtement est maintenu appliqué axialement sur le chargement explosif par des moyens de calage qui comportent un support annulaire 12.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the coating is kept applied axially to the explosive charge by wedging means which include an annular support 12.

Ce support annulaire est représenté plus en détails aux figures 2a et 2b. Il présente un diamètre externe inférieur ou égal au diamètre de l'enveloppe 2 de l'obus et sur lequel est aménagée une rainure 13 destinée à coopérer avec une clavette (non représentée) pour assurer son entraînement en rotation par l'enveloppe 2.This annular support is shown in more detail in Figures 2a and 2b. It has an external diameter less than or equal to the diameter of the casing 2 of the shell and on which a groove 13 is arranged intended to cooperate with a key (not shown) to ensure its drive in rotation by the casing 2.

Le support 12 comporte un repli interne circulaire 14 qui présente une surface correspondant à la surface externe du revêtement 11. Il présente aussi une face arrière plane 15 qui est en appui sur la deuxième charge 5b et un rebord plan 16 qui vient en appui sur l'enveloppe 10 de la charge 5a.The support 12 has a circular internal fold 14 which has a surface corresponding to the external surface of the covering 11. It also has a flat rear face 15 which is supported on the second load 5b and a flat rim 16 which comes to bear on the 'envelope 10 of the load 5a.

Lorsque les deux charges sont montées dans l'enveloppe 2 de l'obus comme représenté à la figure 1, le support 12 se trouve pincé entre les deux charges 5a et 5b. Il assure alors un maintien axial du revêtement 11 par rapport à l'enveloppe 10 de la charge 5a (ainsi qu'un maintien axial du chargement explosif 9 par rapport à l'enveloppe 10).When the two charges are mounted in the shell 2 of the shell as shown in FIG. 1, the support 12 is pinched between the two charges 5a and 5b. It then ensures axial retention of the coating 11 relative to the envelope 10 of the charge 5a (as well as an axial retention of the explosive charge 9 relative to the envelope 10).

Le support est maintenu appliqué dans cette position de calage du revêtement grâce à un moyen d'appui qui est formé par la deuxième charge 5b.The support is kept applied in this setting position of the covering by means of support which is formed by the second load 5b.

La figure 1a représente ce même obus cargo 1 au moment de l'éjection sur trajectoire des charges 5a, 5b.FIG. 1a represents this same cargo shell 1 at the time of ejection on the trajectory of the charges 5a, 5b.

La pression des gaz engendrés par la charge génératrice de gaz 8 sépare le culot 3 de l'enveloppe 2 de l'obus et pousse suivant la direction repérée par la flèche F l'empilement de charges hors de l'enveloppe 2.The pressure of the gases generated by the gas-generating charge 8 separates the base 3 from the shell 2 of the shell and pushes in the direction indicated by the arrow F the stack of charges out of the shell 2.

Le support 12 qui n'est pas solidaire des charges 5a ou 5b se sépare de celles-ci lors de l'éjection.The support 12 which is not integral with the charges 5a or 5b separates from them during ejection.

La charge génératrice de noyau 5a a alors la configuration, représentée figure 1a, dans laquelle aucune bague ou obstacle ne se trouve devant le revêtement 11.The core-generating load 5a then has the configuration, represented in FIG. 1a, in which no ring or obstacle is located in front of the coating 11.

Aucune perturbation n'est donc à craindre lors de la formation du noyau.No disturbance is therefore to be feared during the formation of the nucleus.

Grâce à l'invention, il est possible de ne lier le revêtement 11 à la charge que par des moyens de fixation légers et peu résistants, par exemple par collage du revêtement sur le chargement explosif 9.Thanks to the invention, it is possible to link the coating 11 to the charge only by light and not very resistant fixing means, for example by bonding the coating to the explosive charge 9.

Ces moyens de fixation n'ont pas à résister aux efforts dus à l'accélération de tir de l'obus (ces efforts ont ici pour effet d'appliquer plus fermement le revêtement sur l'explosif).These fixing means do not have to resist the forces due to the acceleration of firing of the shell (these efforts have the effect here of applying the coating more firmly to the explosive).

Ils n'ont pas non plus à résister aux efforts dus à l'accélération d'éjection des sous-munitions puisque, lorsque cette accélération intervient (au début de l'éjection), le revêtement est maintenu appliqué sur le chargement explosif par le dispositif de maintien formé par le support 12.They also do not have to resist the forces due to the acceleration of ejection of the submunitions since, when this acceleration occurs (at the beginning of the ejection), the coating is kept applied to the explosive charge by the device holding formed by the support 12.

L'entraînement en rotation du revêtement par l'obus sera assuré par le contact du support sur le revêtement. Il sera possible en cas de besoin de prévoir de petits reliefs sur la surface 14 du support 12 en contact avec le revêtement 11, cela afin de permettre un léger crabotage de ces deux éléments.The rotation of the coating by the shell will be ensured by the contact of the support on the coating. It will be possible, if necessary, to provide small reliefs on the surface 14 of the support 12 in contact with the coating 11, this in order to allow slight interconnection of these two elements.

A titre de variante il est possible (comme cela est représenté à la figure 2c) de définir un support 12 dans lequel le repli interne circulaire 14 est remplacé par trois replis 14a, 14b et 14c régulièrement répartis angulairement.As a variant it is possible (as shown in FIG. 2c) to define a support 12 in which the circular internal fold 14 is replaced by three folds 14a, 14b and 14c regularly distributed angularly.

Cette variante permettra de donner une certaine élasticité à la liaison, permettant éventuellement de compenser des dilatations thermiques.This variant will give a certain elasticity to the connection, possibly making it possible to compensate for thermal expansions.

Bien entendu le revêtement de la charge 5b est maintenu axialement par un support analogue (non représenté) disposé entre le piston 6 et la charge 5b.Of course, the coating of the load 5b is held axially by a similar support (not shown) disposed between the piston 6 and the load 5b.

A titre de variante, pour cette charge 5b en contact avec le piston 6, il est possible de donner au piston une forme telle qu'il joue lui même le rôle du support 12.As a variant, for this load 5b in contact with the piston 6, it is possible to give the piston a shape such that it plays the role of the support 12 itself.

La figure 3a représente un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel le revêtement 11 de la charge 5a est maintenu axialement par rapport à l'enveloppe 10 par des moyens de calage constitués par une coupelle mince 17.FIG. 3a represents a second embodiment of the invention in which the coating 11 of the load 5a is held axially relative to the envelope 10 by wedging means constituted by a thin cup 17.

La coupelle 17 comporte une bordure circulaire 18 qui est pincée entre les deux charges 5a, 5b et elle présente un profil bombé qui épouse celui de la surface externe du revêtement 11.The cup 17 has a circular border 18 which is pinched between the two loads 5a, 5b and it has a convex profile which matches that of the external surface of the covering 11.

La coupelle sera de préférence réalisée en métal par exemple en acier ou en alliage d'aluminium.The cup will preferably be made of metal, for example steel or aluminum alloy.

Une couche d'élastomère 19, par exemple du silicone d'une dureté de 50 à 60 shore A, est prévue entre la coupelle 17 et le revêtement afin de permettre une compensation des jeux de dilatation thermique.An elastomer layer 19, for example silicone with a hardness of 50 to 60 shore A, is provided between the cup 17 and the coating in order to allow compensation for thermal expansion play.

Le fonctionnement de ce mode particulier de réalisation est analogue à celui précédemment décrit.The operation of this particular embodiment is analogous to that previously described.

Lors de l'éjection des charges 5a,5b, la coupelle 17 se sépare du revêtement 11 ainsi que l'élastomère 19 qui pourra avantageusement être collé à la coupelle.During the ejection of the charges 5a, 5b, the cup 17 separates from the coating 11 as well as the elastomer 19 which can advantageously be glued to the cup.

La charge génératrice de noyau de la sous-munition 5a ne comporte donc plus aucun obstacle perturbateur disposé devant son revêtement.The core-generating charge of the submunition 5a therefore no longer includes any disruptive obstacle placed in front of its coating.

Ce mode de réalisation permet de répartir les efforts d'accélération de façon relativement uniforme et sur l'ensemble de la surface externe du revêtement 11. Il est particulièrement bien adapté aux charges génératrices de noyau qui mettent en oeuvre des revêtements dont le matériau est ductile ou pour lesquels la formation du noyau est perturbée par la présence de contraintes locales sur le revêtement.This embodiment makes it possible to distribute the acceleration forces relatively uniformly and over the entire external surface of the covering 11. It is particularly well suited to core-generating charges which use coverings of which the material is ductile or for which the formation of the core is disturbed by the presence of local stresses on the coating.

Ce mode de réalisation permet aussi de protéger la surface externe du revêtement 11 des chocs ou frottements survenant au moment de l'éjection.This embodiment also makes it possible to protect the external surface of the coating 11 from shocks or friction occurring at the time of ejection.

La figure 3b montre une variante de réalisation dans laquelle la coupelle 17 est annulaire et présente donc un trou axial 20.FIG. 3b shows an alternative embodiment in which the cup 17 is annular and therefore has an axial hole 20.

Ce mode de réalisation permet de donner à la coupelle une élasticité accrue (permettant éventuellement de compenser des dilatations thermiques).This embodiment makes it possible to give the cup increased elasticity (possibly making it possible to compensate for thermal expansions).

La figure 4a montre un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel la coupelle 17 ne comporte pas de bordure circulaire 18 mais une couronne d'appui plane 21.FIG. 4a shows a third embodiment of the invention in which the cup 17 does not have a circular edge 18 but a flat support crown 21.

Une rondelle 22 est placée sur cette couronne d'appui et s'interpose entre la charge 5b et la coupelle 17.A washer 22 is placed on this support ring and is interposed between the load 5b and the cup 17.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, les moyens de calage comprennent donc la coupelle 17 et la rondelle 22, et ces moyens de calage sont maintenus appliqués sur le revêtement 11 par un moyen d'appui qui est constitué par la charge 5b.In this embodiment, the wedging means therefore comprise the cup 17 and the washer 22, and these wedging means are kept applied to the covering 11 by a support means which is constituted by the load 5b.

La rondelle a un diamètre légèrement supérieur à celui de l'enveloppe 10 et se loge dans un lamage 10a de l'enveloppe. Le lamage porte des plats destiné à coopérer avec la rondelle pour assurer son entraînement en rotation.The washer has a diameter slightly greater than that of the envelope 10 and is housed in a countersink 10a of the envelope. The counterbore carries dishes intended to cooperate with the washer to ensure its drive in rotation.

La rondelle 22 est représentée plus en détails aux figures 4b et 4c. Elle est réalisée en tôle d'acier à ressort emboutie et elle comporte des languettes ressorts 23 (ici quatre languettes), régulièrement réparties angulairement, et qui sont en appui sur la couronne 21 de la coupelle 17.The washer 22 is shown in more detail in Figures 4b and 4c. It is made of stamped spring steel sheet and it has spring tongues 23 (here four tongues), regularly angularly distributed, and which are supported on the crown 21 of the cup 17.

Ces languettes ressort 23 ont ici la forme d'arcs de cercles concentriques à la rondelle 22 et elles sont obtenues par découpe de la rondelle.These spring tabs 23 have here the form of arcs of circles concentric with the washer 22 and they are obtained by cutting the washer.

La rondelle 22 comporte aussi trois méplats 24, régulièrement répartis angulairement, qui coopèrent avec les usinages correspondants aménagés sur l'enveloppe 10 au niveau du lamage 10a. Ces méplats permettent d'assurer l'entraînement en rotation de la rondelle 22 par la charge 5a.The washer 22 also has three flats 24, regularly angularly distributed, which cooperate with the corresponding machining operations arranged on the casing 10 at the counterbore 10a. These flats make it possible to ensure the rotation drive of the washer 22 by the load 5a.

Grâce aux languettes 23, la rondelle 22 est déformable en compression et elle permet de rattraper les jeux axiaux entre le revêtement 11 et l'enveloppe 10, principalement les jeux dus aux dilatations thermiques.Thanks to the tongues 23, the washer 22 is deformable in compression and it makes it possible to make up for the axial clearances between the coating 11 and the casing 10, mainly the clearances due to thermal expansion.

Lorsque le revêtement est soumis à une force d'accélération orientée vers la charge 5b (par exemple lors de l'éjection de la charge), un léger déplacement axial du chargement explosif portant le revêtement se produit jusqu'à écrasement complet de la rondelle. Ce déplacement axial est égal aux maximum des dilatations thermiques rencontrées, il est de l'ordre de 0,5 mm. Une fois écrasée, la rondelle assure (avec la coupelle 17) le maintien axial du revêtement 11 et du chargement explosif 9 par rapport à l'enveloppe 10 de la charge.When the coating is subjected to an acceleration force oriented towards the load 5b (for example during the ejection of the load), a slight axial displacement of the explosive charge carrying the coating occurs until the washer is completely crushed. This axial displacement is equal to the maximum of thermal expansions encountered, it is of the order of 0.5 mm. Once crushed, the washer ensures (with the cup 17) the axial maintenance of the coating 11 and of the explosive charge 9 relative to the envelope 10 of the charge.

Lors du relâchement des efforts d'accélération, les languettes 23 ramènent par l'intermédiaire de la coupelle le revêtement et le chargement en contact avec le fond de la charge (position initiale de la charge).When the acceleration forces are released, the tongues 23 bring the coating and the load back into contact with the bottom of the load via the cup (initial position of the load).

La coupelle permet, là encore, de répartir les contraintes sur l'ensemble de la surface externe du revêtement.Once again, the cup allows the stresses to be distributed over the entire external surface of the coating.

Lors de l'éjection de la charge hors de l'obus, la rondelle 22 et la coupelle 17 se séparent de la charge 5a et ne viennent donc pas perturber la formation ultérieure du noyau.When the charge is ejected from the shell, the washer 22 and the cup 17 separate from the charge 5a and therefore do not disturb the subsequent formation of the core.

L'avantage de ce mode de réalisation est qu'il permet d'assurer une excellente tenue mécanique à l'accélération d'éjection de la charge tout en autorisant les dilatations thermiques d'une façon très fiable et reproductible.The advantage of this embodiment is that it ensures excellent mechanical resistance to the acceleration of ejection of the charge while allowing thermal expansion in a very reliable and reproducible manner.

On adoptera de préférence une rondelle 22 telle que, lorsque l'obus est entraîné en rotation, les extrémités des languettes 23 s'engagent dans la coupelle 17 (ou dans le revêtement). On assure ainsi l'entraînement en rotation de la coupelle et/ou du revêtement par la rondelle 22 (elle même entraînée en rotation par l'enveloppe 10 de la charge). L'emploi d'une coupelle permet de protéger le revêtement de la pénétration des languettes.A washer 22 is preferably adopted such that, when the shell is rotated, the ends of the tongues 23 engage in the cup 17 (or in the coating). This ensures the rotational drive of the cup and / or of the coating by the washer 22 (itself driven in rotation by the casing 10 of the load). The use of a cup protects the coating from the penetration of the tongues.

La rondelle devra donc être définie de telle sorte que, les languettes viennent en appui sur la coupelle et aient une orientation telle que le sens de rotation de l'obus corresponde à un arc orienté de la base de la languette vers son extrémité libre.The washer must therefore be defined in such a way that the tongues come to bear on the cup and have an orientation such that the direction of rotation of the shell corresponds to an arc oriented from the base of the tongue towards its free end.

A titre de variante on pourra remplacer la rondelle élastique 22 par une rondelle en élastomère compressible.Alternatively, the elastic washer 22 may be replaced by a compressible elastomer washer.

Les figures 5a et 5b montrent une autre variante de réalisation de la rondelle 22 dans laquelle les languettes ressort 23 s'étendent dans une direction radiale de la rondelle.Figures 5a and 5b show another alternative embodiment of the washer 22 in which the spring tabs 23 extend in a radial direction of the washer.

Ces languettes ont une forme telle qu'elles viennent en contact avec la surface concave de la coupelle 17.These tongues have a shape such that they come into contact with the concave surface of the cup 17.

A titre de variante il est possible de ne pas utiliser de coupelle et de prévoir alors une rondelle dont les languettes ressort viennent directement en appui sur le revêtement (si les contraintes de contact au niveau du revêtement le permettent).Alternatively it is possible not to use a cup and then to provide a washer whose spring tabs come directly to bear on the coating (if contact constraints on the coating allow it).

Afin de faciliter lors de l'éjection la séparation des moyens de calage et de la charge, il est possible de réaliser la coupelle 17 et/ou la rondelle 22 en plusieurs secteurs, ces secteurs pourront être réalisés de façon dissymétrique de façon à favoriser leur dispersion hors de l'obus.In order to facilitate the separation of the wedging means and the load during ejection, it is possible to produce the cup 17 and / or the washer 22 in several sectors, these sectors may be produced asymmetrically so as to promote their dispersal out of the shell.

La figure 6 montre par exemple une rondelle ressort 22 réalisée en quatre secteurs 22a, 22b, 22c et 22d et la figure 7 montre une coupelle 17 réalisée en trois secteurs 17a, 17b et 17c.Figure 6 shows for example a spring washer 22 made in four sectors 22a, 22b, 22c and 22d and Figure 7 shows a cup 17 made in three sectors 17a, 17b and 17c.

Les modes de réalisation des figures 3 à 7 peuvent bien entendu être aussi utilisés pour maintenir le revêtement et le chargement de la charge 5b. Dans ce cas le moyen d'appui sera constitué par exemple par le piston 6.The embodiments of Figures 3 to 7 can of course also be used to maintain the coating and the loading of the load 5b. In this case the support means will be constituted for example by the piston 6.

Il est enfin possible de combiner les différents modes de réalisation décrits précédemment. Par exemple en prévoyant une rondelle ressort interposée entre le support 12 et la charge 5b (figures 1, 1a), ou encore entre la bordure circulaire 18 de la coupelle 17 et la charge 5b (figures 3a,3b). On pourra également prévoir, dans les variantes des figures 1 ou 4a, une couche d'élastomère 19 disposée entre le revêtement 11 et le support 12 ou la coupelle 17.Finally, it is possible to combine the various embodiments described above. For example by providing a spring washer interposed between the support 12 and the load 5b (Figures 1, 1a), or between the circular edge 18 of the cup 17 and the load 5b (Figures 3a, 3b). In the variants of FIGS. 1 or 4a, it is also possible to provide a layer of elastomer 19 disposed between the coating 11 and the support 12 or the cup 17.

Claims (10)

Dispositif de maintien d'un revêtement (11) d'une charge génératrice de noyau (5a) par rapport à une enveloppe (10) de ladite charge, charge qui est destinée à être mise en place à l'intérieur d'un vecteur (1), tel un obus cargo, et à être éjectée hors de ce vecteur à un instant donné sur trajectoire, dispositif caractérisé en ce qu' il comporte des moyens de calage qui assurent un maintien axial du revêtement (11) par rapport à l'enveloppe (10) de la charge et qui se séparent de celle-ci lors de son éjection hors du vecteur.Device for holding a coating (11) of a core-generating charge (5a) relative to an envelope (10) of said charge, which charge is intended to be placed inside a vector ( 1), like a cargo shell, and to be ejected out of this vector at a given time on the trajectory, device characterized in that it includes wedging means which ensure axial retention of the covering (11) relative to the envelope (10) of the charge and which separate therefrom when it is ejected from the vector. Dispositif de maintien selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de calage sont maintenus appliqués sur le revêtement (11) par un moyen d'appui qui est extérieur à la charge (5a) et qui se trouve éjecté hors du vecteur en même temps que celle-ci.Holding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wedging means are kept applied to the coating (11) by a support means which is external to the load (5a) and which is ejected from the vector at the same time time this one. Dispositif de maintien selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'appui est constitué par une autre charge (5b) placée dans le vecteur.Holding device according to claim 2, characterized in that the support means consists of another load (5b) placed in the vector. Dispositif de maintien selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de calage assurent aussi l'entraînement en rotation du revêtement (11).Holding device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the wedging means also ensure the rotational driving of the coating (11). Dispositif de maintien selon une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de calage comportent une rondelle (22) ou un support annulaire (12) qui est en appui sur une zone périphérique du revêtement (11).Holding device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the wedging means comprise a washer (22) or an annular support (12) which is supported on a peripheral zone of the covering (11). Dispositif de maintien selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la rondelle (22) ou le support (12) est divisé en au moins deux parties qui se séparent lors de l'éjection de la charge hors du vecteur.Holding device according to claim 5, characterized in that the washer (22) or the support (12) is divided into at least two parts which separate when the load is ejected from the vector. Dispositif de maintien selon une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la rondelle (22) comporte des languettes ressorts (23), régulièrement réparties angulairement et qui sont disposées de façon à permettre une déformation par compression de la rondelle (22).Holding device according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the washer (22) comprises spring tongues (23), regularly distributed angularly and which are arranged so as to allow deformation by compression of the washer (22). Dispositif de maintien selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les languettes ressort (23) ont une forme d'arcs de cercle concentriques à la rondelle (22).Holding device according to claim 7, characterized in that the spring tabs (23) have the shape of arcs of a circle concentric with the washer (22). Dispositif de maintien selon une des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de calage comportent une coupelle (17) maintenue appliquée sur une surface externe du revêtement (11).Holding device according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the wedging means comprise a cup (17) held applied to an external surface of the covering (11). Dispositif de maintien selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'une feuille de matériau compressible (19) est disposée entre le revêtement (11) et la coupelle (17).Holding device according to claim 9, characterized in that a sheet of compressible material (19) is arranged between the covering (11) and the cup (17).
EP19960402313 1995-11-13 1996-10-30 Means for lining retention for a hollow charge Expired - Lifetime EP0773425B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9513379 1995-11-13
FR9513379A FR2741143B1 (en) 1995-11-13 1995-11-13 DEVICE FOR HOLDING A COATING OF A CORE GENERATOR LOAD

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EP0773425A1 true EP0773425A1 (en) 1997-05-14
EP0773425B1 EP0773425B1 (en) 2000-05-17

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DE (1) DE69608392T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2741143B1 (en)

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US11053782B2 (en) 2018-04-06 2021-07-06 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Perforating gun system and method of use

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DE3933955A1 (en) * 1989-10-11 1991-04-18 Diehl Gmbh & Co Shock resistant fixing of retaining ring of ammunition shell - reactive polymer is foamed in-situ to penetrate holes in retaining ring and gap between shell and ring
FR2657156A1 (en) 1990-01-16 1991-07-19 Rheinmetall Gmbh FIXING RING FOR THE AXIAL FIXING OF A PROJECTILE FORMING TRIM.
FR2682754A1 (en) 1991-10-22 1993-04-23 Giat Ind Sa OBUS CARGO.
EP0543072A1 (en) * 1991-07-01 1993-05-26 Bofors AB Explosive projectile forming charge

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FR2071272A5 (en) * 1969-12-23 1971-09-17 Serat Parachute mine laying system - using mother projectile
FR2086531A5 (en) * 1970-04-01 1971-12-31 Clausin Pierre Plate charges - insulating screen
DE2046372A1 (en) * 1970-09-19 1972-03-23 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Hollow charge - with conical shaper kept in charge contact by springs and adhesive intermediate layer
DE2807309C1 (en) * 1978-02-21 1987-07-23 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Explosive charge with spiked or projectile-forming assignments
DE3510402A1 (en) * 1985-03-22 1986-09-25 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Stackable munition
DE3540021A1 (en) * 1985-11-12 1987-05-21 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Multi-element shaped-charge lining
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FR2627580A1 (en) 1988-02-18 1989-08-25 France Etat Armement METHOD FOR OBTAINING A CORE COMPRISING STABILIZING FINS AND MILITARY LOAD APPLYING
DE3933955A1 (en) * 1989-10-11 1991-04-18 Diehl Gmbh & Co Shock resistant fixing of retaining ring of ammunition shell - reactive polymer is foamed in-situ to penetrate holes in retaining ring and gap between shell and ring
FR2657156A1 (en) 1990-01-16 1991-07-19 Rheinmetall Gmbh FIXING RING FOR THE AXIAL FIXING OF A PROJECTILE FORMING TRIM.
EP0543072A1 (en) * 1991-07-01 1993-05-26 Bofors AB Explosive projectile forming charge
FR2682754A1 (en) 1991-10-22 1993-04-23 Giat Ind Sa OBUS CARGO.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10520286B2 (en) * 2018-04-06 2019-12-31 Dynaenergetics Gmbh & Co. Kg Inlay for shaped charge and method of use

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2741143A1 (en) 1997-05-16
DE69608392D1 (en) 2000-06-21
EP0773425B1 (en) 2000-05-17
FR2741143B1 (en) 1998-01-02
DE69608392T2 (en) 2000-09-21

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