EP0769656B1 - Improvements in burners for water-heaters, bath-heathers or gas-fired boilers - Google Patents

Improvements in burners for water-heaters, bath-heathers or gas-fired boilers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0769656B1
EP0769656B1 EP96402197A EP96402197A EP0769656B1 EP 0769656 B1 EP0769656 B1 EP 0769656B1 EP 96402197 A EP96402197 A EP 96402197A EP 96402197 A EP96402197 A EP 96402197A EP 0769656 B1 EP0769656 B1 EP 0769656B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flame
burner
venturi tube
burner according
atmospheric burner
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP96402197A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0769656A1 (en
Inventor
Eric Weiland
Gilles Leclerc
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ELM Leblanc SAS
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ELM Leblanc SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/78—Cooling burner parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/045—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with a plurality of burner bars assembled together, e.g. in a grid-like arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/10—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device intended to equip boilers with gas supply. It relates more particularly to the burners fitted to the water heaters, bath heaters and gas boilers and which realize within a room, the combustion natural or assisted by a premix consisting of oxidizer, in particular air, and a fuel, especially of the gas type.
  • the burner, object of the invention seeks to achieve at the times a double objective, on the one hand a decrease in pollutant emissions from the flames, and secondly a flame stabilization, while respecting optimal physical and mechanical conditions of the combustion.
  • the shape and the reduced size of the spout require the same overall power delivered to increase the number nozzles and therefore the number of air injection points primary. They also make it possible to develop burners variable power from an assembly by juxtaposition of different batteries of spouts burners placed in parallel or staggered.
  • the burner burners thus designed also have orifices linked together by a network of conduits which make possible the circulation of a heat transfer fluid for cooling the whole.
  • Known burner devices include generally a battery of ramps obtained by stamping of a metal sheet and at the top of which the combustion of the fuel is carried out, in particular gas, within an oxidizer, especially air.
  • a atmospheric burner made up of modules arranged in a succession of parallel rows, each module comprising a venturi tube, feeding in premix air / gas a chamber which is covered by an outlet of flame, said chamber also having a zone of pinch between the flame outlet and the venturi tube, this burner being furthermore traversed by orifices.
  • the burner arrangements are not optimal for combustion control, mainly in terms of flame stability and of its homogeneity. In addition, they most often require to work with a low primary air rate well lower than the rate corresponding to stoichiometry.
  • the present invention therefore aims to remedy these disadvantages, by proposing a burner device such that the secondary air arrives in a way that minimizes the time required for complete combustion of the mixture gaseous present at the burner outlet, this mixture being composed in adequate proportion of a fuel to ignite and primary combustion air to it associated, allowing to stabilize and hang the flames at the burner outlet.
  • the assembly of a plurality of burners according to the invention allows the user flexibility functioning, because it can, for the same useful volume, choose and assemble the number of burners, depending of the requested heating power.
  • the atmospheric burner, object of the invention comprising a plurality of modules arranged in a succession of parallel rows made up of aligned and / or staggered tubes, each module comprising at least one venturi tube, supplying premix air-gas at least one room that is covered by a flame outlet with a rounded profile, said chamber additionally having a nip between the flame outlet and venturi tube, venturi tubes being formed by the assembly of half-shells having a plurality of orifices through which conduits are arranged, said orifices being formed so that they are facing each other and cooperating between them when assembling the two half-shells.
  • the characteristics of the burner according to the invention allow to obtain a reduction significant NOx levels.
  • the front of this mixing chamber is intended to receive in particular, by nesting, by slide, preferably relatively waterproof, a cover 11 made of a material compatible with the proximity to the flame, for example stainless steel, and provided with orifices 12.
  • This cover 11 constitutes the flame outlet and has an upper surface of which the profile is rounded.
  • an output will preferably be used flame of cylindrical shape because it allows to obtain a stable flame, "off the hook", thus generating little pressure drop on the air-gas mixture flow and a low temperature reducing NOx levels, by the low heat exchange between an "off the hook" flame and the upper surface of the beak.
  • the orifices 12 arranged uniformly on the flame outlet 11 cylindrical consist of 13 transverse slots to the longitudinal axis of the flame outlet.
  • the cylindrical flame outlet has at its top a strip of material 14 in order to split the slots in half according to a quadrant.
  • the geometrical configuration, the distribution, the dimensions of the slots 13 are adjusted according to flame stability and the desired surface power.
  • the flame outlet has at its zones of contact with the side wall venturi tube 15 allowing interlocking according to the interior or according the outside of the wall of the venturi tube, these walls 15 according to a second embodiment can be folded in order to conform slides.
  • the ends 16 of the side walls 15 of the flame outlet 11, in a mounting mode by interlocking, have a cutout 16, so as to making flexible legs 17; these last both improve the mechanical strength of the assembly, and the exchange of calories with the medium surrounding.
  • the quality of the thermal contact between the flame outlet and the body of the spout will be compatible with the flow thermal to evacuate.
  • the flame outlet may be in steel stainless tin-plated so that during operation, the tin film ensures soldering continuous and homogeneous between the flame outlet and the spout burner.
  • the use of tin is only given as an example, and this quality of thermal bond that appears independently when the burner works, that is to say by simplifying the assembly process in manufacturing, can be obtained with any other brazing compatible with copper and stainless steel and whose melting point is lower than the temperature reached by the outlet of flame when the burner is operating. She may be also obtained with alloys with melting point higher, but this complicates the manufacturing process burner burners.
  • venturi tube 1 provided with an outlet cylindrical flame 11, as described above, ensures a primary air ventilation rate, preferably slightly higher than that corresponding to a stoichiometric mixture.
  • the burner, object of the invention is obtained by the juxtaposition of a plurality of modules composed of minus a venturi tube, assembly being carried out by through the joint planes 18, formed during the joining of the two half-shells 2, 3.
  • each simple module provided of a venturi tube keeps its own mixing chamber 9 and its own flame outlet 11, and according to a second variant (not shown), in an application consisting of a double module, the two venturi tubes 1 pool each of their mixing chamber 9 in upper part and in the area close to the axis of central symmetry, the flame outputs 11 are also joined together to form a single cover and also have a rounded profile.
  • the half-shells have a plurality of orifices 19 came during the stamping operation, these orifices cooperate with each other during the juxtaposition of two 2-3 half-shells in module.
  • the invention authorizes the development of burners obtained by the association of a plurality of modules, these being arranged in a succession of rows parallel tubes aligned and / or staggered.
  • conduits 20 for improve the mechanical strength of the assembly, we have conduits 20 in the various orifices 19 in look. Depending on the use regimes, we restores circulation of heat transfer fluid within these conduits.
  • the invention described above offers multiple advantages, such as in particular obtaining a flame combustion primary near stoichiometry whose contact area with the exit surface is weak and therefore not very conducive to heating, and secondary flame of over-stoichiometric combustion in which is carried out the oxidation of products from primary combustion.
  • the present invention is not not limited to the embodiments described and shown above, but that it includes all variants.
  • the second tubular part 7 of the burner according to the embodiment described above can be integrated into the mixing chamber 9, constituting thus a conical zone with elliptical section and surface variable.
  • said conical section section elliptical and variable surface has a length representing 70% of the total length of the burner, measured along the flow line of the air-gas mixture.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
  • Control For Baths (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)

Abstract

The burner consists of one or more Venturi tubes (1) feeding a gas/air pre-mixture into a chamber covered by a rounded flame outlet (11). The chamber has a constructed zone (10) between the flame outlet and Venturi tube. The Venturi tube is made by assembling two half-shells (2,3) which have a series of aligning orifices (19) to receive ducts through which a heat-carrying fluid can circulate. Each flame outlet (11) has several orifices in the form of transverse slits (12) which can be separated into two sections by a central lengthwise strip of material. The burner is made from a material which promotes the evacuation of the heat flow and reduced nitrous oxide emissions, e.g. aluminium or copper.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un dispositif destiné à équiper les chaudières à alimentation à gaz. Elle vise plus particulièrement les brûleurs équipant les chauffe-eau, les chauffe-bains et les chaudières à gaz et qui réalisent au sein d'une chambre, la combustion naturelle ou assistée d'un pré-mélange constitué d'un comburant, notamment de l'air, et d'un carburant, notamment du type gaz.The present invention relates to a device intended to equip boilers with gas supply. It relates more particularly to the burners fitted to the water heaters, bath heaters and gas boilers and which realize within a room, the combustion natural or assisted by a premix consisting of oxidizer, in particular air, and a fuel, especially of the gas type.

Le brûleur, objet de l'invention, cherche à réaliser à la fois un double objectif, d'une part une diminution des émissions de polluants des flammes, et d'autre part une stabilisation des flammes, tout en respectant les conditions optimales physiques et mécaniques de la combustion.The burner, object of the invention, seeks to achieve at the times a double objective, on the one hand a decrease in pollutant emissions from the flames, and secondly a flame stabilization, while respecting optimal physical and mechanical conditions of the combustion.

Il vise également à être de conception modulaire de façon à pouvoir optimiser du point de vue économique les couples - encombrement/puissance - et - charge calorifique/émission de polluants -. Ainsi, le brûleur atmosphérique dans son dimensionnement doit :

  • garantir un écoulement et un entraínement optimal des espèces gazeuses, comburant et carburant, en particulier en garantissant une bonne homogénéité du mélange air/gaz et de la vitesse de sortie sur toute la surface de la sortie de flamme ;
  • diminuer la température de flamme, directement liée à la formation d'oxydes d'azote, d'une part en minimisant les pertes de charges hydrauliques, ce qui favorise l'entraínement d'air, et d'autre part en faisant en sorte que le corps du bec serve de radiateur thermique pour la sortie de flamme afin que cette dernière s'échauffe aussi peu que possible.
It also aims to be of modular design so as to be able to optimize from the economic point of view the couples - overall dimensions / power - and - heat load / emission of pollutants -. Thus, the atmospheric burner in its design must:
  • guarantee an optimal flow and entrainment of gaseous, oxidizing and fuel species, in particular by guaranteeing a good homogeneity of the air / gas mixture and the exit speed over the entire surface of the flame exit;
  • decrease the flame temperature, directly linked to the formation of nitrogen oxides, on the one hand by minimizing the hydraulic pressure losses, which favors the entrainment of air, and on the other hand by ensuring that the body of the spout acts as a heat radiator for the flame outlet so that the latter heats up as little as possible.

La forme et l'encombrement réduit du bec demandent pour une même puissance globale délivrée d'augmenter le nombre de becs et donc le nombre de points d'injection d'air primaire. Ils permettent en outre d'élaborer des brûleurs de puissance variable à partir d'un assemblage par juxtaposition de différentes batteries de becs de brûleurs placées en parallèle ou en quinconce.The shape and the reduced size of the spout require the same overall power delivered to increase the number nozzles and therefore the number of air injection points primary. They also make it possible to develop burners variable power from an assembly by juxtaposition of different batteries of spouts burners placed in parallel or staggered.

Les becs de brûleurs ainsi conçus disposent par ailleurs d'orifices reliés entre eux par un réseau de conduits qui rendent possible une circulation d'un fluide caloporteur pour le refroidissement de l'ensemble.The burner burners thus designed also have orifices linked together by a network of conduits which make possible the circulation of a heat transfer fluid for cooling the whole.

Les dispositifs de brûleurs connus comportent généralement une batterie de rampes obtenues par emboutissage d'une tôle métallique et au sommet desquelles on réalise la combustion du carburant, notamment du gaz, au sein d'un comburant, particulièrement de l'air.Known burner devices include generally a battery of ramps obtained by stamping of a metal sheet and at the top of which the combustion of the fuel is carried out, in particular gas, within an oxidizer, especially air.

On connaít notamment par le brevet GB-A- 2 262 336, un brûleur atmosphérique formé de modules disposés en une succession de rangées parallèles, chaque module comportant un tube venturi, alimentant en pré-mélange air/gaz une chambre qui est recouverte par une sortie de flamme, ladite chambre disposant en outre d'une zone de pincement entre la sortie de flamme et le tube venturi, ce brûleur étant en outre traversé d'orifices.We know in particular from GB-A-2 262 336, a atmospheric burner made up of modules arranged in a succession of parallel rows, each module comprising a venturi tube, feeding in premix air / gas a chamber which is covered by an outlet of flame, said chamber also having a zone of pinch between the flame outlet and the venturi tube, this burner being furthermore traversed by orifices.

On connaít par ailleurs, par le brevet EP-A-0 657 691, un brûleur obtenu par l'assemblage de deux demi-coquilles et conformant ainsi un module, ce module étant recouvert par une sortie de flamme, ce brûleur étant muni en outre d'orifices, ces orifices coopérant entre eux lors de l'assemblage des demi-coquilles.We also know, from patent EP-A-0 657 691, a burner obtained by assembling two half-shells and thus conforming a module, this module being covered by a flame outlet, this burner being further provided orifices, these orifices cooperating with each other during the assembly of the half-shells.

Néanmoins, les agencements de brûleurs ne sont pas optimaux pour la conduite de la combustion, principalement au niveau de la stabilité de la flamme et de son homogénéité. Ils obligent en outre le plus souvent à travailler avec un taux d'air primaire faible bien inférieur au taux correspondant à la stoechiométrie.However, the burner arrangements are not optimal for combustion control, mainly in terms of flame stability and of its homogeneity. In addition, they most often require to work with a low primary air rate well lower than the rate corresponding to stoichiometry.

La présente invention vise donc à remédier à ces inconvénients, en proposant un dispositif de brûleur tel que l'air secondaire arrive d'une façon qui minimise le temps nécessaire à la combustion complète du mélange gazeux présent en sortie du brûleur, ce mélange étant composé en proportion adéquate d'un combustible à enflammer et d'air primaire de combustion qui lui est associé, permettant ainsi de stabiliser et d'accrocher les flammes en sortie de brûleur.The present invention therefore aims to remedy these disadvantages, by proposing a burner device such that the secondary air arrives in a way that minimizes the time required for complete combustion of the mixture gaseous present at the burner outlet, this mixture being composed in adequate proportion of a fuel to ignite and primary combustion air to it associated, allowing to stabilize and hang the flames at the burner outlet.

De plus, l'assemblage d'une pluralité de brûleurs selon l'invention permet à l'utilisateur une souplesse de fonctionnement, car il peut, pour un même volume utile, choisir et assembler le nombre de brûleurs, en fonction de la puissance de chauffe demandée.In addition, the assembly of a plurality of burners according to the invention allows the user flexibility functioning, because it can, for the same useful volume, choose and assemble the number of burners, depending of the requested heating power.

A cet effet, le brûleur atmosphérique, objet de l'invention, comportant une pluralité de modules disposés en une succession de rangées parallèles constituées de tubes alignés et/ou en quinconce, chaque module comprenant au moins un tube venturi, alimentant en pré-mélange air-gaz au moins une chambre qui est recouverte par une sortie de flamme à profil arrondi, ladite chambre disposant en outre d'une zone de pincement entre la sortie de flamme et le tube venturi, les tubes venturi étant formés par l'assemblage de demi-coquilles comportant une pluralité d'orifices à travers lesquels sont disposés des conduits, lesdits orifices étant formés de telle sorte qu'ils sont en regard et qu'ils coopérent entre eux lors de l'assemblage des deux demi-coquilles.For this purpose, the atmospheric burner, object of the invention, comprising a plurality of modules arranged in a succession of parallel rows made up of aligned and / or staggered tubes, each module comprising at least one venturi tube, supplying premix air-gas at least one room that is covered by a flame outlet with a rounded profile, said chamber additionally having a nip between the flame outlet and venturi tube, venturi tubes being formed by the assembly of half-shells having a plurality of orifices through which conduits are arranged, said orifices being formed so that they are facing each other and cooperating between them when assembling the two half-shells.

Les caractéristiques du brûleur selon l'invention, tel que défini ci-dessus, permettent d'obtenir une réduction importante des taux de NOx. The characteristics of the burner according to the invention, such as defined above, allow to obtain a reduction significant NOx levels.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la description faite ci-après, en référence aux dessins annexés qui en illustrent un exemple de réalisation dépourvu de tout caractère limitatif. Sur les figures :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective et en éclaté, du brûleur selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en élévation frontale et en coupe, d'une sortie de flamme équipant le brûleur selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en élévation latérale et en coupe, du brûleur, objet de l'invention ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue, en élévation latérale et en coupe, de l'assemblage d'une pluralité de brûleurs ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue en perspective de l'assemblage d'une pluralité de brûleurs selon un premier mode de réalisation ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue en perspective de l'assemblage d'une pluralité de brûleurs selon un deuxième mode de réalisation.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the description given below, with reference to the appended drawings which illustrate an embodiment thereof devoid of any limiting character. In the figures:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective and exploded view of the burner according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view in section, of a flame outlet fitted to the burner according to the invention;
  • Figure 3 is a side elevational view in section, of the burner, object of the invention;
  • FIG. 4 is a view, in side elevation and in section, of the assembly of a plurality of burners;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the assembly of a plurality of burners according to a first embodiment;
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the assembly of a plurality of burners according to a second embodiment.

Selon un mode préféré de réalisation du brûleur, objet de l'invention, celui-ci comporte un tube venturi 1, obtenu par la réunion de deux demi-coquilles 2, 3 réalisées à partir de l'emboutissage d'une feuille métallique dont le coefficient de conduction thermique sera adapté au flux thermique qu'il est nécessaire d'évacuer pour avoir un refroidissement de la sortie de flamme en accord avec le taux de NOx recherché. Ainsi, pourra être employé selon le cas, du cuivre, de l'aluminium, de la tôle aluminée ou de l'acier inoxydable. Le tube venturi est de forme complexe, il se décompose de la manière suivante :

  • en partie inférieure 4, une section annulaire convergente 5, devant être positionnée au-dessus de la nourrice d'injection,
  • cette section 5 est reliée à une première partie tubulaire 6, cylindrique ou faiblement conique et également convergente. Dans cet exemple de réalisation non limitatif, cette partie 6 s'étend globalement sur un tiers de la demi-longueur de la partie tubulaire totale. Cette partie tubulaire a un diamètre dimensionné en fonction de la charge nominale d'utilisation du bec, préférentiellement selon un ratio supérieur ou égal à 15 mm/kW.
  • une deuxième partie tubulaire 7, connectée à la précédente 6, de longueur sensiblement égale dans cet exemple de réalisation non limitatif, conique mais divergente, et reliée,
  • en partie supérieure 8, à une section beaucoup plus évasée, formant chambre de mélange 9 et dont la section droite transversale est sensiblement rectangulaire et présente également entre cette zone frontale et la zone de connexion avec la partie tubulaire 7, une zone de pincement 10, selon un plan tranversal, de profil sensiblement ovoïde simple ou complexe.
According to a preferred embodiment of the burner, object of the invention, it comprises a venturi tube 1, obtained by the combination of two half-shells 2, 3 produced from the stamping of a metal sheet, the coefficient of thermal conduction will be adapted to the heat flux which it is necessary to evacuate in order to have a cooling of the flame outlet in accordance with the desired NOx rate. Thus, may be used as appropriate, copper, aluminum, aluminized sheet or stainless steel. The venturi tube is complex in shape, it breaks down as follows:
  • in the lower part 4, a converging annular section 5, to be positioned above the injection manifold,
  • this section 5 is connected to a first tubular part 6, cylindrical or slightly conical and also convergent. In this nonlimiting exemplary embodiment, this part 6 generally extends over a third of the half-length of the total tubular part. This tubular part has a diameter dimensioned as a function of the nominal load of use of the spout, preferably according to a ratio greater than or equal to 15 mm / kW.
  • a second tubular part 7, connected to the previous one 6, of substantially equal length in this nonlimiting embodiment, conical but divergent, and connected,
  • in the upper part 8, with a much more flared section, forming the mixing chamber 9 and the cross section of which is substantially rectangular and also has, between this front zone and the zone of connection with the tubular part 7, a pinching zone 10, according to a transverse plane, of substantially simple or complex ovoid profile.

De préférence, on choisira les longueurs des différents éléments du brûleur, mesurées le long de la ligne d'écoulement du pré-mélange air-gaz selon la répartition ci-après :

  • partie supérieure 8 (chambre de mélange 9) : 35 à 45 %,
  • deuxième partie tubulaire 7 : 35 à 45 %,
  • première partie tubulaire 6 : 5 à 25 %,
  • partie inférieure 4 : 5 %.
Preferably, the lengths of the different elements of the burner will be chosen, measured along the flow line of the air-gas premix according to the following distribution:
  • upper part 8 (mixing chamber 9): 35 to 45%,
  • second tubular part 7: 35 to 45%,
  • first tubular part 6: 5 to 25%,
  • lower part 4: 5%.

La partie frontale de cette chambre de mélange est destinée à recevoir notamment, par emboítement, par glissière, de préférence relativement étanche, un couvercle 11 réalisé dans un matériau compatible avec la proximité de la flamme, par exemple en acier inoxydable, et pourvu d'orifices 12. Ce couvercle 11 constitue la sortie de flamme et présente une surface supérieure dont le profil est arrondi.The front of this mixing chamber is intended to receive in particular, by nesting, by slide, preferably relatively waterproof, a cover 11 made of a material compatible with the proximity to the flame, for example stainless steel, and provided with orifices 12. This cover 11 constitutes the flame outlet and has an upper surface of which the profile is rounded.

Selon l'invention, on utilisera de préférence une sortie de flamme de forme cylindrique car elle permet d'obtenir une flamme stable, "décrochée", générant donc peu de perte de charge sur l'écoulement du mélange air-gaz et une température faible réduisant les taux de NOx, de par le faible échange thermique entre une flamme "décrochée" et la surface supérieure du bec.According to the invention, an output will preferably be used flame of cylindrical shape because it allows to obtain a stable flame, "off the hook", thus generating little pressure drop on the air-gas mixture flow and a low temperature reducing NOx levels, by the low heat exchange between an "off the hook" flame and the upper surface of the beak.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, les orifices 12 disposés uniformément sur la sortie de flamme 11 cylindrique sont constitués de fentes 13 transversales à l'axe longitudinal de la sortie de flamme. Préférentiellement, la sortie de flamme cylindrique présente en son sommet une bande de matière 14 afin de séparer les fentes en deux selon un quadrant. Selon l'invention, la configuration géométrique, la répartition, les dimensions des fentes 13 sont ajustées en fonction des exigences de stabilité des flammes et de la puissance surfacique recherchée.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the orifices 12 arranged uniformly on the flame outlet 11 cylindrical consist of 13 transverse slots to the longitudinal axis of the flame outlet. Preferably, the cylindrical flame outlet has at its top a strip of material 14 in order to split the slots in half according to a quadrant. According to the invention, the geometrical configuration, the distribution, the dimensions of the slots 13 are adjusted according to flame stability and the desired surface power.

La sortie de flamme dispose au niveau de ses zones de contact avec le tube venturi de parois latérales 15 permettant un emboítement selon l'intérieur ou selon l'extérieur de la paroi du tube venturi, ces parois 15 selon un deuxième mode de réalisation peuvent être pliées afin de conformer des glissières.The flame outlet has at its zones of contact with the side wall venturi tube 15 allowing interlocking according to the interior or according the outside of the wall of the venturi tube, these walls 15 according to a second embodiment can be folded in order to conform slides.

Avantageusement, les extrémités 16 des parois latérales 15 de la sortie de flamme 11, dans un mode de montage par emboítement, présentent une découpe 16, de manière à réaliser des pattes flexibles 17 ; ces dernières permettent à la fois d'améliorer la tenue mécanique de l'assemblage, et l'échange des calories avec le milieu environnant.Advantageously, the ends 16 of the side walls 15 of the flame outlet 11, in a mounting mode by interlocking, have a cutout 16, so as to making flexible legs 17; these last both improve the mechanical strength of the assembly, and the exchange of calories with the medium surrounding.

La qualité du contact thermique entre la sortie de flamme et le corps du bec, sera compatible avec le flux thermique à évacuer. Par exemple, en cas de flux maximum, donc de taux de NOx le plus faible, le corps du bec étant en cuivre, la sortie de flamme pourra être en acier inoxydable étamé de façon à ce qu'en cours de fonctionnement, la pellicule d'étain assure un brasage continu et homogène entre la sortie de flamme et le bec de brûleur. L'utilisation de l'étain n'est donnée qu'à titre d'exemple, et cette qualité de liaison thermique qui apparaít de façon autonome lorsque le brûleur fonctionne, c'est-à-dire en simplifiant au maximum le processus d'assemblage en fabrication, peut être obtenue avec toute autre brasure compatible avec le cuivre et l'acier inoxydable et dont le point de fusion est inférieur à la température atteinte par la sortie de flamme lorsque le brûleur fonctionne. Elle peut être obtenue également avec des alliages à point de fusion plus élevé, mais cela complique le mode de fabrication des becs de brûleur.The quality of the thermal contact between the flame outlet and the body of the spout, will be compatible with the flow thermal to evacuate. For example, in case of maximum flow, therefore the lowest NOx level, the body of the spout being in copper, the flame outlet may be in steel stainless tin-plated so that during operation, the tin film ensures soldering continuous and homogeneous between the flame outlet and the spout burner. The use of tin is only given as an example, and this quality of thermal bond that appears independently when the burner works, that is to say by simplifying the assembly process in manufacturing, can be obtained with any other brazing compatible with copper and stainless steel and whose melting point is lower than the temperature reached by the outlet of flame when the burner is operating. She may be also obtained with alloys with melting point higher, but this complicates the manufacturing process burner burners.

La configuration d'un tube venturi 1 pourvu d'une sortie de flamme 11 cylindrique, telle que décrite précédemment, assure un taux d'aération d'air primaire, préférentiellement légèrement supérieur à celui correspondant à un mélange stoechiométrique.The configuration of a venturi tube 1 provided with an outlet cylindrical flame 11, as described above, ensures a primary air ventilation rate, preferably slightly higher than that corresponding to a stoichiometric mixture.

Le brûleur, objet de l'invention, est obtenu par la juxtaposition d'une pluralité de modules composés d'au moins un tube venturi, l'assemblage étant effectué par l'intermédiaire des plans de joint 18, constitués lors de la solidarisation des deux demi-coquilles 2, 3.The burner, object of the invention, is obtained by the juxtaposition of a plurality of modules composed of minus a venturi tube, assembly being carried out by through the joint planes 18, formed during the joining of the two half-shells 2, 3.

Selon une première variante, chaque module simple muni d'un tube venturi conserve sa propre chambre de mélange 9 et sa propre sortie de flamme 11, et selon une deuxième variante (non représentée), dans une application constituée d'un module double, les deux tubes venturi 1 mettent en commun chacune de leur chambre de mélange 9 en partie supérieure et dans la zone proche de l'axe de symétrie central, les sorties de flamme 11 sont également réunies de manière à conformer un couvercle unique et présentent aussi un profil arrondi.According to a first variant, each simple module provided of a venturi tube keeps its own mixing chamber 9 and its own flame outlet 11, and according to a second variant (not shown), in an application consisting of a double module, the two venturi tubes 1 pool each of their mixing chamber 9 in upper part and in the area close to the axis of central symmetry, the flame outputs 11 are also joined together to form a single cover and also have a rounded profile.

Les demi-coquilles disposent d'une pluralité d'orifices 19 venus lors de l'opération d'emboutissage, ces orifices coopèrent entre eux lors de la juxtaposition de deux demi-coquilles 2-3 en module.The half-shells have a plurality of orifices 19 came during the stamping operation, these orifices cooperate with each other during the juxtaposition of two 2-3 half-shells in module.

Selon une caractéristique particulièrement avantageuse de l'invention, elle autorise l'élaboration de brûleurs obtenus par l'association d'une pluralité de modules, ceux-ci étant disposés en une succession de rangées parallèles de tubes alignés et/ou en quinconce. Pour améliorer la tenue mécanique de l'ensemble, on dispose des conduits 20 dans les différents orifices 19 en regard. En fonction des régimes d'utilisation, on rétablit une circulation de fluide caloporteur au sein de ces conduits.According to a particularly advantageous characteristic of the invention, it authorizes the development of burners obtained by the association of a plurality of modules, these being arranged in a succession of rows parallel tubes aligned and / or staggered. For improve the mechanical strength of the assembly, we have conduits 20 in the various orifices 19 in look. Depending on the use regimes, we restores circulation of heat transfer fluid within these conduits.

L'invention décrite ci-dessus offre de multiples avantages, tels que notamment l'obtention d'une flamme primaire de combustion au voisinage de la stoechiométrie dont la zone de contact avec la surface de sortie est faible et donc peu propice à l'échauffement, et d'une flamme secondaire de combustion sur-stoechiométrique dans laquelle est réalisée l'oxydation des produits issus de la combustion primaire.The invention described above offers multiple advantages, such as in particular obtaining a flame combustion primary near stoichiometry whose contact area with the exit surface is weak and therefore not very conducive to heating, and secondary flame of over-stoichiometric combustion in which is carried out the oxidation of products from primary combustion.

Il demeure bien entendu que la présente invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de réalisation décrits et représentés ci-dessus, mais qu'elle en englobe toutes les variantes. Ainsi, la deuxième partie tubulaire 7 du brûleur selon l'exemple de réalisation décrit ci-dessus, peut être intégrée à la chambre de mélange 9, constituant ainsi une zone conique à section elliptique et surface variable. Dans ce cas, ladite zone conique à section elliptique et surface variable possède une longueur représentant 70 % de la longueur totale du brûleur, mesurée le long de la ligne d'écoulement du mélange air-gaz.Of course, the present invention is not not limited to the embodiments described and shown above, but that it includes all variants. Thus, the second tubular part 7 of the burner according to the embodiment described above, can be integrated into the mixing chamber 9, constituting thus a conical zone with elliptical section and surface variable. In this case, said conical section section elliptical and variable surface has a length representing 70% of the total length of the burner, measured along the flow line of the air-gas mixture.

Claims (9)

  1. Atmospheric burner comprising a plurality of modules arranged in a succession of parallel arrays comprising aligned and/or staggered tubes (1), each module having at least one venturi tube (1), feeding at least one chamber (9) with a premix of air-gas, which chamber is covered by a flame output (11) with a rounded profile, said chamber also comprising a pinching zone (10) between the flame output and the venturi tube (1), the venturi tubes (1) being formed by the assembly of female moulds with a plurality of openings (19) through which conduits (20) are placed, said openings being formed in such a way that they are facing and cooperate with one another at the time of assembly of the two female moulds.
  2. Atmospheric burner according to claim 1, characterised in that the pinching zone (10) has a simple or complex ovoidal profile.
  3. Atmospheric burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the flame output (11) comprises a plurality of openings (12) arranged uniformly and which constitute apertures (13) that are transverse to the longitudinal axis of the flame output.
  4. Atmospheric burner according to claim 3, characterised in that the flame output (11) has at its vertex a band of matter (14) in order to separate the apertures in two according to a quadrant, the latter apertures being adjusted as a function of the requirements for the stability of flames.
  5. Atmospheric burner according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that the flame output (11) at the level of its zones of contact with the venturi tube (1) has lateral walls (15) permitting fitting according to the interior or the exterior of the wall of the venturi tube.
  6. Atmospheric burner according to claim 5, characterised in that the walls (15) are folded in order to form slides.
  7. Atmospheric burner according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterised in that the ends of the lateral walls (15) of the flame outlet (11) have a cut out (16) in such a way as to form flexible tabs (17).
  8. Atmospheric burner according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that the body of the burner is made from a material which makes it possible to further the evacuation of heat flow and to obtain low rates of NOx, such as in particular of copper and/or aluminium.
  9. Atmospheric burner according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that the flame output is made of coated stainless steel, the temperature of fusion of the alloy or of the metal used for coating the stainless steel being selected so that, during the functioning of the burner, a continuous and homogenous bond can be formed automatically by soldering between the flame output (11) and the chamber (9) of the burner.
EP96402197A 1995-10-19 1996-10-15 Improvements in burners for water-heaters, bath-heathers or gas-fired boilers Expired - Lifetime EP0769656B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9512302 1995-10-19
FR9512302A FR2740202B1 (en) 1995-10-19 1995-10-19 IMPROVEMENTS TO A WATER HEATER, BATH HEATER, GAS BOILER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0769656A1 EP0769656A1 (en) 1997-04-23
EP0769656B1 true EP0769656B1 (en) 1999-09-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96402197A Expired - Lifetime EP0769656B1 (en) 1995-10-19 1996-10-15 Improvements in burners for water-heaters, bath-heathers or gas-fired boilers

Country Status (7)

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EP (1) EP0769656B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE184977T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69604357T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0769656T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2136378T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2740202B1 (en)
GR (1) GR3032185T3 (en)

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DE20109170U1 (en) * 2001-06-05 2002-10-10 Viessmann Werke Kg Atmospheric gas burner

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DE19747483A1 (en) * 1997-10-28 1999-04-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Gas burner
DE10010762C2 (en) * 2000-03-04 2002-03-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Atmospheric gas burner
DE10053875C1 (en) * 2000-10-31 2002-06-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Burner plate for a gas burner
DE10053877B4 (en) * 2000-10-31 2004-10-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Burner plate for a gas burner
DE10053876C2 (en) * 2000-10-31 2002-10-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Burner plate for a gas burner
FR2866696B1 (en) * 2004-02-20 2006-12-08 Chaffoteaux Et Maury IMPROVEMENTS ON ATMOSPHERIC TYPE GAS BURNERS
CN104896511B (en) * 2015-05-29 2017-03-22 北京航空航天大学 Fuel oil premixed apparatus for low emission combustion chamber
TWI621813B (en) * 2016-09-26 2018-04-21 Grand Mate Co Ltd Burner
TWI614455B (en) 2016-11-21 2018-02-11 Heat gun for lifting the diversion effect
CN107781808B (en) * 2017-11-24 2023-03-14 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Burner and hanging stove
PT3584499T (en) * 2018-01-16 2021-05-24 Midea Group Co Ltd Flame spreader as well as burner and water heater using same
CN108534139A (en) * 2018-05-15 2018-09-14 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 Burner and water heater
WO2019219037A1 (en) * 2018-05-15 2019-11-21 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 Distributor and combustor and water heater having same
CN110578920A (en) * 2018-06-08 2019-12-17 美的集团股份有限公司 Combustor and gas heater
EP3597999B1 (en) * 2018-07-20 2021-03-17 Guangdong Vanward New Electric Co., Ltd. Gas water heater and burner thereof

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FR2102802A6 (en) * 1968-05-02 1972-04-07 Zaegel Held Sa
FR2652522A1 (en) * 1989-08-10 1991-04-05 Vaillant Sarl Method for the manufacture of a burner and device for carrying out this method, as well as a burner produced according to this method
IT226008Y1 (en) * 1991-12-06 1997-03-11 Aldo Polidoro BURNER-TYPE GAS BURNER
IT1256149B (en) * 1992-09-24 1995-11-29 Ferroli Spa ATMOSPHERIC GAS BURNER WITH LOW PRODUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDE AND CARBON OXIDE
FR2700604B1 (en) * 1993-01-15 1995-04-07 Joseph Le Mer Method of manufacturing a gas burner element, element thus obtained, and burner using it.
IT1266802B1 (en) * 1993-11-10 1997-01-21 Worgas Bruciatori Srl MIXER AND DIFFUSER ELEMENT FOR ATMOSPHERIC BURNER
GB9400007D0 (en) * 1994-01-04 1994-03-02 Bray Technologies Plc Improvements relating to gas burners
EP0713053A1 (en) * 1994-11-16 1996-05-22 Aldo Polidoro Hyperstoichiometric atmospheric gas burner

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20109170U1 (en) * 2001-06-05 2002-10-10 Viessmann Werke Kg Atmospheric gas burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69604357T2 (en) 2000-01-20
GR3032185T3 (en) 2000-04-27
DE69604357D1 (en) 1999-10-28
FR2740202A1 (en) 1997-04-25
DK0769656T3 (en) 1999-12-20
FR2740202B1 (en) 1997-12-12
ATE184977T1 (en) 1999-10-15
ES2136378T3 (en) 1999-11-16
EP0769656A1 (en) 1997-04-23

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