EP0769125A1 - Process for melting a metal charge in a rotary kiln, and rotary kiln for implementing such process - Google Patents

Process for melting a metal charge in a rotary kiln, and rotary kiln for implementing such process

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Publication number
EP0769125A1
EP0769125A1 EP95923393A EP95923393A EP0769125A1 EP 0769125 A1 EP0769125 A1 EP 0769125A1 EP 95923393 A EP95923393 A EP 95923393A EP 95923393 A EP95923393 A EP 95923393A EP 0769125 A1 EP0769125 A1 EP 0769125A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxygen
charge
burner
oven
lance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95923393A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0769125B1 (en
Inventor
Joan Marles Franco
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP0769125A1 publication Critical patent/EP0769125A1/en
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Publication of EP0769125B1 publication Critical patent/EP0769125B1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/2083—Arrangements for the melting of metals or the treatment of molten metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/90—Metal melting furnaces, e.g. cupola type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods of melting metal charges in a rotary kiln equipped with at least one oxy-burner.
  • the oxy-burner adjusted under stoichiometric conditions, ensures the melting of the metallic charge possibly containing, and for purely metallurgical considerations, small quantities of solid fuels, generally not exceeding 1% of the charge metallic to limit the formation of undesirable unburned volatile compounds which, also at the level of the use of the oxy-burner, limit the conditions under which combustion is carried out and, consequently, the rate of melting of the charge in the furnace .
  • the object of the present invention is to compose an improved process making it possible to significantly increase the speed and efficiency of melting in a given furnace while reducing overall energy consumption.
  • the method comprises the steps of adding to the metallic charge to melt a charge of solid fuel and of injecting at least one jet of oxygen in the direction of the combined charge into the oven.
  • the proportion of solid fuel charge in the metallic charge is between 1.5 and 9%, advantageously between 2 and 6%;
  • the present invention also relates to a rotary oven for the implementation of such a method, comprising, in addition to an oxy-burner, at least one oxygen lance arranged to direct at least one jet of oxygen towards the bottom of the oven.
  • combustion is extended in the charge itself, where the oxygen injected by the lance comes to interact with the solid fuel which burns in direct contact with the metal, thus increasing the surface of reaction and thus promoting accelerated melting without affecting the temperature conditions at the refractory level of the furnace and therefore not reducing the lifetime of the latter.
  • a significant part, exceeding 35% of the total energy of combustion, being provided in the load, by the solid fuel, the power of the burner, and therefore its cost, can be reduced significantly.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of an embodiment of an oven metal melting according to the invention
  • Figures 2 and 3 are respectively side and sectional views of an embodiment of a multi-tube oxygen lance
  • FIG. 4 is a partial view in longitudinal section of an integrated lance burner according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an end view of the burner of Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of an integrated lance burner according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an end view of the burner of Figure 6;
  • - Figures 8 to 11 are graphs illustrating operating parameters according to the conditions of Tables 1 to 3;
  • FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating the relationships between the melting rate and the percentage of combustion energy in the combined charge of the furnace.
  • FIG 1 there is shown a rotary oven 1 in the end door 4 of which are mounted an oxy-burner 5 oriented towards the load and an oxygen lance 2 adjustable position by means of a guide device 3.
  • the lance 2 is oriented so as to direct, in the furnace 1, a jet of high speed oxygen, typically supersonic, towards a combined charge of metal, typically of steel, to melt and of a solid fuel in proportions typically greater than 2% of the metallic charge.
  • This solid fuel is typically anthracite, graphite, in particular an electrode, or other products containing carbon and hydrogen, in particular solid polyolefins. Examples of operating conditions are given below in relation to Tables 1 to 3 and Figures 8 to 12.
  • an oxygen lance 2 comprising an upper main oxygen supply 7 and two lower oxygen supplies 6 for ejecting differentiated oxygen jets in direction of the charge and below the burner flame 5.
  • the lance body 2 has a groove 8a cooperating with a rib 8b of the guide device 3 for maintaining the correct orientation of the tubes 6 and 7 during the adjustments forward or backward of lance 2 in furnace 1.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show an oxy-burner comprising a central supply 12 of combustible gas into a shell forming a channel 9a of oxygen introduced by an inlet 9, the combustible gas being ejected by injectors 10 extending into oxygen outlet orifices in the burner nose, here angularly distributed around the axis of the burner.
  • the combined oxygen / gaseous fuel ejection orifices are replaced by at least one lance 2 as described in relation to FIGS. 2 and 3 and the upstream part of which extends into the central fuel supply 12 11 shows the end of a central cooling circuit of the burner nose.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show a cooled oxy-burner comprising a peripheral jacket 11 for the circulation of water introduced at 13 and discharged at 14.
  • the burner comprises a central supply 12 of combustible gas extending in an oxygen ejection channel 9a and opening outwards through a series of ejectors 10, here angularly and regularly distributed.
  • at least one, in this case two oxygen lances 2 extend in the lower part of the main oxygen channel 9a and open to the outside of the burner below the ejectors 10.
  • the main oxygen in the channel 9a, cooled by the lining 11, participates in the cooling of the oxygen lances 2.
  • the oxygen lance is adjusted so as to eject the oxygen jets in the direction towards the load at an angle between 5 and 25 ° relative to the axis of the furnace.
  • the flow rate of the oxygen jets ejected by the lance is chosen between 25 and 150% of the oxygen flow rate of the oxygen burner.
  • a second oxygen lance can also be provided, also directed towards the load, in the end of the furnace opposite the burner.
  • the feed oxygen, both of the lance and of the oxygen burner, is advantageously oxygen at a purity between 88 and 95% supplied on site by a unit for the separation of gas from air by adsorption of the so-called type. PSA.
  • the solid fuel in proportions of 3.2% of the steel load, in this case approximately 5.3 tonnes, is anthracite and the oxygen injected by the lance 2 is ejected at supersonic speed at an angle of approximately 10 ° relative to the axis of the furnace.
  • references 1 to 18 correspond to fusion processes without oxygen injection with reduced charges of anthracite
  • the references 19 to 22 implementing an oxygen injection directed towards a metal charge containing 1, 5% anthracite, increased to 3% in references 23 to 28.
  • Tables 1 to 3 The values indicated in Tables 1 to 3 are as follows: anthracite: weight in kg for a metal charge, time: respectively: melting / temperature maintenance / total time, temperature: "C, melting speed: ° C / minute / 5.3 tonne load total consumption: propane / oxygen, specific consumption: m 3/100 ° C / 5.3 T (+ burner lance), steel analysis: Ce / C / Si. Table 1
  • FIG. 8 which illustrates the melting rates in ° C / minute for a charge of 5.3 T for each of the references 1 to 29 of the preceding Tables, shows that the speed goes from above 15 to more than 20 for the references 28 and 29, which reduces the discontinuous rotation time of the oven from 55 minutes to 33 minutes and the pause between rotations from 5 to 3 minutes.
  • Figure 9 which illustrates the consumption of propane (bottom curve) and oxygen (top curve) for each of the references 1 to 29, shows that the specific consumption of propane can drop to 4.6m 3 for consumption substantially stable oxygen.
  • Figure 10 shows that the melting efficiency goes from a little more than 50% to more than 60-65%.
  • Figure 11 shows that the energy consumption, in K h can be reduced from around 700 KWh to less than 600 K h.
  • Figure 12 shows that, according to references 1 to 29, the energy percentage in the charge goes from less than 20 to more than 40 with, correspondingly, an increase in the melting speed from 15 to 22 ° C / minute.

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/FR95/00791 Sec. 371 Date May 22, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date May 22, 1997 PCT Filed Jun. 15, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/34791 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 21, 1995Process for melting a metal charge in a rotary furnace equipped with at least one oxygen burner, comprising the steps of: (i) adding between 1.5 and 9% of a charge of solid fuel to the metal charge to form a combined charge; and (ii) injecting at least one jet of oxygen in a direction of the combined charge in the furnace.

Description

"Procédé de fusion d'une charge métallique dans un four rotatif et four rotatif pour la mise en oeuyre d'un tel procédé" "Process for melting a metal charge in a rotary kiln and rotary kiln for implementing such a process"
La présente invention concerne les procédés de fusion de charges métalliques dans un four rotatif équipé d'au moins un oxybruleur.The present invention relates to methods of melting metal charges in a rotary kiln equipped with at least one oxy-burner.
Dans les procédés connus, l'oxybruleur, réglé dans des conditions de stoechiométrie, assure la fusion de la charge métallique contenant éventuellement, et pour des considérations purement métallurgiques, de faibles quantités de combustibles solides, n'excédant généralement pas 1% de la charge métallique pour limiter la formation de composés volatils non brûlés indésirables qui, également au niveau de la mise en oeuvre de 1Oxybruleur, limitent les conditions dans lesquelles la combustion est effectuée et, par voie de conséquence, la vitesse de fusion de la charge dans le four.In the known processes, the oxy-burner, adjusted under stoichiometric conditions, ensures the melting of the metallic charge possibly containing, and for purely metallurgical considerations, small quantities of solid fuels, generally not exceeding 1% of the charge metallic to limit the formation of undesirable unburned volatile compounds which, also at the level of the use of the oxy-burner, limit the conditions under which combustion is carried out and, consequently, the rate of melting of the charge in the furnace .
La présente invention a pour objet de composer un procédé perfectionné permettant d'augmenter de façon significative la vitesse et l'efficacité de fusion dans un four donné tout en réduisant la consommation d'énergie globale.'The object of the present invention is to compose an improved process making it possible to significantly increase the speed and efficiency of melting in a given furnace while reducing overall energy consumption.
Pour ce faire, selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le procédé comprend les étapes d'adjoindre à la charge métallique à fondre une charge de combustible solide et d'injecter au moins un jet d'oxygène en direction de la charge combinée dans le four.To do this, according to a characteristic of the invention, the method comprises the steps of adding to the metallic charge to melt a charge of solid fuel and of injecting at least one jet of oxygen in the direction of the combined charge into the oven.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention : la proportion de charge de combustibles solides dans la charge métallique est comprise entre 1,5 et 9%, avantageusement entre 2 et 6%;According to other characteristics of the invention: the proportion of solid fuel charge in the metallic charge is between 1.5 and 9%, advantageously between 2 and 6%;
- l'oxygène est injecté a une vitesse proche de la vitesse du son ou supersonique; - le jet d'oxygène est injecté, dès la mise en oeuvre du brûleur, entre la flamme du brûleur et la charge combinée dans le four. La présente invention a également pour objet un four rotatif pour la mise en oeuvre d'un tel procédé, comprenant, outre un oxybruleur, au moins une lance à oxygène agencée pour diriger au moins un jet d'oxygène vers le bas du four.- oxygen is injected at a speed close to the speed of sound or supersonic; - the oxygen jet is injected, as soon as the burner is used, between the burner flame and the combined charge in the oven. The present invention also relates to a rotary oven for the implementation of such a method, comprising, in addition to an oxy-burner, at least one oxygen lance arranged to direct at least one jet of oxygen towards the bottom of the oven.
Avec le procédé selon l'invention on étend la combustion dans la charge elle-même, où l'oxygène injecté par la lance vient interagir avec le combustible solide qui brûle en contact direct avec le métal, augmentant ainsi de façon extrêmement importante la surface de réaction et promouvant ainsi une fusion accélérée sans affecter les conditions de température au niveau du réfractaire du four et ne réduisant donc pas la durée de vie de ce dernier. D'autre part, une part notable, dépassant 35% de l'énergie totale de la combustion, étant assurée dans la charge, par le combustible solide, la puissance du brûleur, et donc son coût, peuvent être réduits de façon significative.With the process according to the invention, combustion is extended in the charge itself, where the oxygen injected by the lance comes to interact with the solid fuel which burns in direct contact with the metal, thus increasing the surface of reaction and thus promoting accelerated melting without affecting the temperature conditions at the refractory level of the furnace and therefore not reducing the lifetime of the latter. On the other hand, a significant part, exceeding 35% of the total energy of combustion, being provided in the load, by the solid fuel, the power of the burner, and therefore its cost, can be reduced significantly.
D'autre caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la description suivante de modes de réalisation, faite en relation avec les dessins annexés sur lesquels : la Figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un mode de réalisation d'un four de fusion de métal selon l'invention ; - les Figures 2 et 3 sont des vues respectivement de coté et en coupe d'un mode de réalisation d'une lance à oxygène multitube ;Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the following description of embodiments, given in relation to the appended drawings in which: Figure 1 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of an embodiment of an oven metal melting according to the invention; - Figures 2 and 3 are respectively side and sectional views of an embodiment of a multi-tube oxygen lance;
- la Figure 4 est une vue partielle en coupe longitudinale d'un brûleur à lance intégrée selon l'invention ;- Figure 4 is a partial view in longitudinal section of an integrated lance burner according to the invention;
- la Figure 5 est une vue en bout du brûleur de la Figure 4 ;- Figure 5 is an end view of the burner of Figure 4;
- la Figure 6 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un autre mode de réalisation d'un brûleur à lance intégrée selon l'invention ;- Figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of an integrated lance burner according to the invention;
- la Figure 7 est une vue en bout du brûleur de la Figure 6 ; - les Figures 8 à 11 sont des graphes illustrant des paramètres de fonctionnement selon les conditions des Tableaux 1 à 3 ;- Figure 7 is an end view of the burner of Figure 6; - Figures 8 to 11 are graphs illustrating operating parameters according to the conditions of Tables 1 to 3;
- la Figure 12 est un graphe illustrant les relations entre la vitesse de fusion et le pourcentage en énergie de combustion dans la charge combinée du four.- Figure 12 is a graph illustrating the relationships between the melting rate and the percentage of combustion energy in the combined charge of the furnace.
Sur la Figure 1, on a représenté un four rotatif 1 dans la porte d'extrémité 4 duquel sont montés un ,oxybrûleur 5 orienté vers la charge et une lance à oxygène 2 positionnable de façon réglable grâce à un dispositif de guidage 3. Selon l'invention, la lance 2 est orientée de façon à diriger, dans le four 1, un jet d'oxygène haute vitesse, typiquement supersonique, vers une charge combinée de métal, typiquement d'acier, à fondre et d'un combustible solide dans des proportions typiquement supérieures à 2% de la charge métallique. Ce combustible solide est typiquement de l'anthracite, du graphite, notamment d'électrode, ou d'autres produits contenant du carbone et de l'hydrogène, notamment des polyoléfines solides. Des exemples de conditions opératoires sont donnés plus loin en relation avec les Tableaux 1 à 3 et les Figures 8 à 12.In Figure 1, there is shown a rotary oven 1 in the end door 4 of which are mounted an oxy-burner 5 oriented towards the load and an oxygen lance 2 adjustable position by means of a guide device 3. According to l invention, the lance 2 is oriented so as to direct, in the furnace 1, a jet of high speed oxygen, typically supersonic, towards a combined charge of metal, typically of steel, to melt and of a solid fuel in proportions typically greater than 2% of the metallic charge. This solid fuel is typically anthracite, graphite, in particular an electrode, or other products containing carbon and hydrogen, in particular solid polyolefins. Examples of operating conditions are given below in relation to Tables 1 to 3 and Figures 8 to 12.
Sur les Figures 2 et 3, on a représenté un mode de réalisation particulier d'une lance à oxygène 2 comprenant une amenée principale supérieure d'oxygène 7 et deux amenées inférieures d'oxygène 6 permettant d'éjecter des jets d'oxygène différenciés en direction de la charge et au-dessous de la flamme du brûleur 5. Le corps de lance 2 comporte une rainure 8a coopérant avec une nervure 8b du dispositif de guidage 3 pour le maintien d'une orientation correcte des tubes 6 et 7 lors des réglages vers l'avant ou vers l'arrière de la lance 2 dans le four 1.In Figures 2 and 3, there is shown a particular embodiment of an oxygen lance 2 comprising an upper main oxygen supply 7 and two lower oxygen supplies 6 for ejecting differentiated oxygen jets in direction of the charge and below the burner flame 5. The lance body 2 has a groove 8a cooperating with a rib 8b of the guide device 3 for maintaining the correct orientation of the tubes 6 and 7 during the adjustments forward or backward of lance 2 in furnace 1.
Sur les Figures 4 et 5, on a représenté un oxybruleur comportant une amenée centrale 12 de gaz combustible dans une virole formant un canal 9a d'oxygène introduit par une entrée 9, le gaz combustible étant éjecté par des injecteurs 10 s'étendant dans des orifices de sortie d'oxygène dans le nez du brûleur, ici angulairement répartis autour de l'axe du brûleur. Dans la partie inférieure de ce dernier, les orifices d'éjection combinés oxygène/combustible gazeux sont remplacés par au moins une lance 2 telle que décrite en relation avec les Figures 2 et 3 et dont la partie amont s'étend dans l'amenée centrale de combustible 12. En 11 on a représenté l'extrémité d'un circuit central de refroidissement du nez du brûleur.FIGS. 4 and 5 show an oxy-burner comprising a central supply 12 of combustible gas into a shell forming a channel 9a of oxygen introduced by an inlet 9, the combustible gas being ejected by injectors 10 extending into oxygen outlet orifices in the burner nose, here angularly distributed around the axis of the burner. In the game lower of the latter, the combined oxygen / gaseous fuel ejection orifices are replaced by at least one lance 2 as described in relation to FIGS. 2 and 3 and the upstream part of which extends into the central fuel supply 12 11 shows the end of a central cooling circuit of the burner nose.
Sur les Figures 6 et 7, on a représenté un oxybruleur refroidi comportant un chemisage périphérique 11 de circulation d'eau introduite en 13 et évacuée en 14. Comme dans le mode de réalisation des Figures 4 et 5, le brûleur comprend une amenée centrale 12 de gaz combustible s'étendant dans un canal d'éjection d'oxygène 9a et débouchant vers l'extérieur par une série d'éjecteurs 10, ici angulairement et régulièrement répartis. Ici, au moins une, en l'occurrence deux lances à oxygène 2 s'étendent dans la partie inférieure du canal principal d'oxygène 9a et débouchent à l'extérieur du brûleur au-dessous des éjecteurs 10. Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'oxygène principal dans le canal 9a, refroidi par le chemisage 11, participe au refroidissement des lances à oxygène 2.FIGS. 6 and 7 show a cooled oxy-burner comprising a peripheral jacket 11 for the circulation of water introduced at 13 and discharged at 14. As in the embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5, the burner comprises a central supply 12 of combustible gas extending in an oxygen ejection channel 9a and opening outwards through a series of ejectors 10, here angularly and regularly distributed. Here, at least one, in this case two oxygen lances 2 extend in the lower part of the main oxygen channel 9a and open to the outside of the burner below the ejectors 10. In this embodiment, the main oxygen in the channel 9a, cooled by the lining 11, participates in the cooling of the oxygen lances 2.
Selon la géographie du four, la lance d'oxygène est réglée de façon à éjecter les jets d'oxygène dans la direction vers la charge suivant un angle compris entre 5 et 25° par rapport à l'axe du four. Le débit des jets d'oxygène éjectés par la lance est choisi entre 25 et 150% du débit d'oxygène de l'oxybruleur.Depending on the geography of the furnace, the oxygen lance is adjusted so as to eject the oxygen jets in the direction towards the load at an angle between 5 and 25 ° relative to the axis of the furnace. The flow rate of the oxygen jets ejected by the lance is chosen between 25 and 150% of the oxygen flow rate of the oxygen burner.
Selon les dimensions du four, on peut prévoir une seconde lance à oxygène, également dirigée vers la charge, dans l'extrémité du four opposée au brûleur. L'oxygène d'alimentation, tant de la lance que de 1'oxybruleur, est avantageusement de l'oxygène à une pureté entre 88 et 95% fourni sur site par une unité de séparation de gaz de l'air par adsorption du type dit PSA.Depending on the dimensions of the furnace, a second oxygen lance can also be provided, also directed towards the load, in the end of the furnace opposite the burner. The feed oxygen, both of the lance and of the oxygen burner, is advantageously oxygen at a purity between 88 and 95% supplied on site by a unit for the separation of gas from air by adsorption of the so-called type. PSA.
On va maintenant décrire des conditions opératoires particulières. Le combustible solide, dans des proportions de 3,2% de la charge d'acier, en l'occurrence 5,3 tonnes environ, est de l'anthracite et l'oxygène injecté par la lance 2 est éjecté à une vitesse supersonique à un angle d'environ 10° par rapport à l'axe du four.We will now describe particular operating conditions. The solid fuel, in proportions of 3.2% of the steel load, in this case approximately 5.3 tonnes, is anthracite and the oxygen injected by the lance 2 is ejected at supersonic speed at an angle of approximately 10 ° relative to the axis of the furnace.
La combustion généralisée de la charge d'anthracite est obtenue environ 10 minutes après la mise en oeuvre à pleine puissance du brûleur pour redistiller ainsi les 7% de composés volatils qu'elle contient. Par la suite, lorsque la charge combinée dans le four atteint la bonne température, les 86,5% de carbone de la charge solide sontThe generalized combustion of the anthracite charge is obtained approximately 10 minutes after using the burner at full power, thereby redistilling the 7% of volatile compounds it contains. Subsequently, when the combined charge in the oven reaches the correct temperature, the 86.5% carbon of the solid charge is
,convertis en monoxyde de carbone en remontant vers la surface de la charge. L'oxygène éjecté par la lance crée sous la flamme du brûleur une zone de combustion intense particulièrement rayonnante et quasi intégralement renvoyée vers la charge par l'effet d'écran assuré par la flamme du brûleur qui protège ainsi les parois du four. Ainsi, conformément aux objets de l'invention, on obtient un rendement thermique élevé de combustion par l'oxygène injecté des résidus non-brûlés, une augmentation conséquente du rendement énergétique par unité de temps pendant toute la durée du processus, une consommation réduite du réfractaire du four et des pertes moindres des composants métalliques de la charge., converted to carbon monoxide on the way up to the surface of the load. The oxygen ejected by the lance creates under the burner flame a particularly radiant intense combustion zone and almost entirely returned to the load by the screen effect provided by the burner flame which thus protects the walls of the oven. Thus, in accordance with the objects of the invention, a high thermal combustion efficiency is obtained by the oxygen injected with unburned residues, a consequent increase in the energy efficiency per unit of time throughout the duration of the process, a reduced consumption of refractory from the furnace and lower losses of the metallic components of the charge.
Dans les Tableaux suivants, les références 1 à 18 correspondent à des procédés de fusion sans injection d'oxygène avec des charges réduites d'anthracite, les références 19 à 22 mettant en oeuvre une injection d'oxygène dirigée vers une charge métallique contenant 1,5% d'anthracite, portée à 3% dans les références 23 à 28.In the following Tables, the references 1 to 18 correspond to fusion processes without oxygen injection with reduced charges of anthracite, the references 19 to 22 implementing an oxygen injection directed towards a metal charge containing 1, 5% anthracite, increased to 3% in references 23 to 28.
Les valeurs indiquées sur les Tableaux 1 à 3 sont les suivantes : anthracite : poids en kg pour une charge de métal, temps:respectivement:fusion/maintien en température /temps total, température : "C, vitesse fusion : °C/minute/5,3 tonne de charge consommation totale : propane/oxygène, consommation spécifique : m3/100°C/5,3 T (brûleur + lance) , analyse acier : Ce/C/Si. Table 1The values indicated in Tables 1 to 3 are as follows: anthracite: weight in kg for a metal charge, time: respectively: melting / temperature maintenance / total time, temperature: "C, melting speed: ° C / minute / 5.3 tonne load total consumption: propane / oxygen, specific consumption: m 3/100 ° C / 5.3 T (+ burner lance), steel analysis: Ce / C / Si. Table 1
Table 2Table 2
Réf. Anthracite Temps Temp. Consommation Spéc. Oxygène lance Oxygène totalRef. Anthracite Time Temp. Spec consumption Oxygène launches Total Oxygen
Propane/oxyg.Propane / oxygen.
1 80 55/41/96 1.361 7.88/39.381 80 55/41/96 1.361 7.88 / 39.38
2 80 55/37/92 1.367 7.50/37.602 80 55/37/92 1.367 7.50 / 37.60
3 80 55/55/110 1.321 9.30/46.483 80 55/55/110 1.321 9.30 / 46.48
4 80 55/42/97 1.370 7.90/39.564 80 55/42/97 1.370 7.90 / 39.56
5 80 55/42/97 1.346 8.05/40.275 80 55/42/97 1.346 8.05 / 40.27
6 80 55/42/97 1.321 8.20/41.036 80 55/42/97 1.321 8.20 / 41.03
7 80 55/43/98 1.376 7.95/39.757 80 55/43/98 1.376 7.95 / 39.75
8 80 55/42/97 1.362 7.95/39.758 80 55/42/97 1.362 7.95 / 39.75
9 80 55/46/101 1.341 8.41/42.069 80 55/46/101 1.341 8.41 / 42.06
10 80 55/44/99 1.340 8.25/41.2710 80 55/44/99 1,340 8.25 / 41.27
1 1 80 55/49/104 1.405 8.26/41.351 1 80 55/49/104 1.405 8.26 / 41.35
12 80 55/42/97 1.324 8.18/40.9412 80 55/42/97 1.324 8.18 / 40.94
13 80 55/35/90 1.291 7.79/38.9613 80 55/35/90 1,291 7.79 / 38.96
14 80 55/44/99 1.324 8.35/41.7714 80 55/44/99 1.324 8.35 / 41.77
15 80 55/53/108 1.298 9.29/46.4715 80 55/53/108 1,298 9.29 / 46.47
16 80 55/50/105 1.379 8.50/42.4916 80 55/50/105 1.379 8.50 / 42.49
17 80 55/44/99 1.377 8.02/40.1617 80 55/44/99 1.377 8.02 / 40.16
18 80 55/43/98 1.345 8.13/40.6718 80 55/43/98 1.345 8.13 / 40.67
19 80 55/30/85 1.399 5.93/38.7419 80 55/30/85 1.399 5.93 / 38.74
20 80 55/30/85 1.364 6.09/39.7420 80 55/30/85 1.364 6.09 / 39.74
21 80 55/29/84 1.381 5.94/38.8121 80 55/29/84 1.381 5.94 / 38.81
22 80 L 55/30/85 1.370 6.06/39.5622 80 L 55/30/85 1.370 6.06 / 39.56
23 150 40/40/80 1.360 5.81/29.19 233 63023 150 40/40/80 1.360 5.81 / 29.19 233 630
24 150 40/32/72 1.360 5.29/26.32 223 58124 150 40/32/72 1.360 5.29 / 26.32 223 581
25 150 40/35/75 1.367 5.49/27.43 230 60525 150 40/35/75 1.367 5.49 / 27.43 230 605
26 150 Changement26 150 Change
27 150 40/35/75 1.436 5.22/26.11 219 59427 150 40/35/75 1.436 5.22 / 26.11 219 594
28 150 33/32/65 1.422 4.57/22.86 203 52828 150 33/32/65 1.422 4.57 / 22.86 203 528
29 170 33/27/60 1.330 4.51/22.41 234 532 29 170 33/27/60 1,330 4.51 / 22.41 234 532
Table 3Table 3
La Figure 8 qui illustre les vitesses de fusion en °C/minute pour une charge de 5,3T pour chacune des références 1 à 29 des Tableaux précédents, montre que la vitesse passe d'au-dessus de 15 à plus de 20 pour les références 28 et 29, ce qui permet de réduire le temps de rotation discontinu du four de 55 minutes à 33 minutes et la pause entre rotations de 5 à 3 minutes.FIG. 8 which illustrates the melting rates in ° C / minute for a charge of 5.3 T for each of the references 1 to 29 of the preceding Tables, shows that the speed goes from above 15 to more than 20 for the references 28 and 29, which reduces the discontinuous rotation time of the oven from 55 minutes to 33 minutes and the pause between rotations from 5 to 3 minutes.
La Figure 9, qui illustre la consommation de propane courbe du bas) et d'oxygène (courbe du haut) pour chacune des références 1 à 29, montre que la consommation spécifique de propane peut descendre jusqu'à 4,6m3 pour une consommation d'oxygène sensiblement stable.Figure 9, which illustrates the consumption of propane (bottom curve) and oxygen (top curve) for each of the references 1 to 29, shows that the specific consumption of propane can drop to 4.6m 3 for consumption substantially stable oxygen.
La Figure 10 montre que l'efficacité de fusion passe d'un peu plus de 50% jusqu'à plus de 60-65%. La Figure 11 montre que la consommation en énergie, en K h peut être ramené d'environ 700 KWh à moins de 600 K h.Figure 10 shows that the melting efficiency goes from a little more than 50% to more than 60-65%. Figure 11 shows that the energy consumption, in K h can be reduced from around 700 KWh to less than 600 K h.
La Figure 12 montre que, selon les références 1 à 29, le pourcentage énergie dans la charge passe de moins de 20 à plus de 40 avec corrélativement une augmentation de la vitesse de fusion de 15 à 22°C/minute. Figure 12 shows that, according to references 1 to 29, the energy percentage in the charge goes from less than 20 to more than 40 with, correspondingly, an increase in the melting speed from 15 to 22 ° C / minute.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Procédé de fusion d'une charge métallique dans un four rotatif équipé d'au moins un oxybruleur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes d'adjoindre à la charge métallique une charge de combustible solide et d'injecter au moins un jet d'oxygène en direction de la charge combinée dans le four.1. A method of melting a metallic charge in a rotary kiln equipped with at least one oxy-burner, characterized in that it comprises the steps of adding to the metallic charge a charge of solid fuel and of injecting at least one oxygen jet towards the combined charge in the oven.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la proportion de charge de combustible solide dans la charge métallique est comprise entre 1,5% et 9%.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of solid fuel charge in the metallic charge is between 1.5% and 9%.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la proportion de charge de combustible solide dans la charge métallique est comprise entre 2 et 6%. 3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the proportion of solid fuel charge in the metallic charge is between 2 and 6%.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'oxygène est injecté à une vitesse supersonique.4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the oxygen is injected at a supersonic speed.
5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le jet d'oxygène est injecté entre la flamme du brûleur et la charge combinée dans le four.5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the oxygen jet is injected between the burner flame and the combined charge in the oven.
6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'oxygène est injecté dès la mise en oeuvre du brûleur.6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that oxygen is injected from the implementation of the burner.
7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que au moins l'oxygène injecté par la lance provient d'une unité de séparation de gaz de l'air par adsorption.7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least the oxygen injected by the lance comes from a unit for separating gas from air by adsorption.
8. Four rotatif pour la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant, à une extremet, au moins un oxybruleur (5) , caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre au moins une lance à oxygène (2) agencée pour diriger au moins un jet d'oxygène vers le bas du four.8. Rotary oven for the implementation of a method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising, at one end, at least one oxy-burner (5), characterized in that it also comprises at least one oxygen lance (2) arranged to direct at least one jet of oxygen down the oven.
9. Four selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la lance comporte au moins deux canaux (6, 7) d'éjection d'oxygène. 9. Oven according to claim 8, characterized in that the lance comprises at least two channels (6, 7) for ejecting oxygen.
10. Four selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que la lance (2) est disposée au-dessous du brûleur (5).10. Oven according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the lance (2) is arranged below the burner (5).
11. Four selon l'une des revendications 8 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la lance (2) est incorporée dans la brûleur.11. Oven according to one of claims 8 to 9, characterized in that the lance (2) is incorporated in the burner.
12. Four selon l'une des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur comprend une pluralité12. Oven according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the burner comprises a plurality
,d'éjecteurs angulairement repartis (10). , angularly distributed ejectors (10).
EP95923393A 1994-06-16 1995-06-15 Process for melting a metal charge in a rotary kiln, and rotary kiln for implementing such process Expired - Lifetime EP0769125B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES09401366A ES2114388B1 (en) 1994-06-16 1994-06-16 PROCEDURE FOR METAL MELTING IN ROTARY FURNACES AND ROTARY FUSING FURNACE FOR THE APPLICATION OF THIS PROCEDURE.
ES9401366 1994-06-16
PCT/FR1995/000791 WO1995034791A1 (en) 1994-06-16 1995-06-15 Process for melting a metal charge in a rotary kiln, and rotary kiln for implementing such process

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EP0769125A1 true EP0769125A1 (en) 1997-04-23
EP0769125B1 EP0769125B1 (en) 1998-09-09

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EP (1) EP0769125B1 (en)
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KR (1) KR100370632B1 (en)
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AU (1) AU691628B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9508013A (en)
CA (1) CA2192953A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69504680T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0769125T3 (en)
ES (2) ES2114388B1 (en)
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EP0982407B1 (en) * 1998-08-24 2003-01-22 Alstom Process for melting inorganic substances
EP2080973A1 (en) 2008-01-10 2009-07-22 L'AIR LIQUIDE, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Rotary furnaces
DE102008047489B4 (en) * 2008-09-17 2010-05-12 Messer Group Gmbh Burner and method for operating a burner
US8632621B2 (en) 2010-07-12 2014-01-21 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for melting a solid charge
US8262983B2 (en) 2010-08-05 2012-09-11 Altek, L.L.C. Tilting rotary furnace system and methods of aluminum recovery
US8915733B2 (en) * 2010-11-11 2014-12-23 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Selective adjustment of heat flux for increased uniformity of heating a charge material in a tilt rotary furnace
EP2626628B1 (en) * 2012-02-09 2014-04-09 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Firing of an industrial furnace and associated burner
IN2015DN02845A (en) * 2012-10-08 2015-09-11 Air Liquide
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CN103175394A (en) * 2013-03-01 2013-06-26 大连易世达新能源发展股份有限公司 Energy-saving emission-reducing partial oxygen-increasing combustion-supporting device used for cement kiln

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DK0769125T3 (en) 1999-03-01
ATE170970T1 (en) 1998-09-15
AU2796395A (en) 1996-01-05
TW257793B (en) 1995-09-21
AU691628B2 (en) 1998-05-21
DE69504680D1 (en) 1998-10-15
CA2192953A1 (en) 1995-12-21
KR100370632B1 (en) 2003-04-11
ES2114388A1 (en) 1998-05-16
DE69504680T2 (en) 1999-03-18
BR9508013A (en) 1997-09-02
US6039786A (en) 2000-03-21
WO1995034791A1 (en) 1995-12-21
ES2114388B1 (en) 1998-12-16
ES2120755T3 (en) 1998-11-01
CN1150837A (en) 1997-05-28
EP0769125B1 (en) 1998-09-09

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