EP0768446B1 - Verfahren und Bohrgerät zum Abteufen von Bohrungen in unterirdische Formationen - Google Patents
Verfahren und Bohrgerät zum Abteufen von Bohrungen in unterirdische Formationen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0768446B1 EP0768446B1 EP95115867A EP95115867A EP0768446B1 EP 0768446 B1 EP0768446 B1 EP 0768446B1 EP 95115867 A EP95115867 A EP 95115867A EP 95115867 A EP95115867 A EP 95115867A EP 0768446 B1 EP0768446 B1 EP 0768446B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drilling tool
- outer casing
- bore hole
- drilling
- formation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims description 94
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims description 71
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
- E21B7/208—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes using down-hole drives
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for Drilling a well into underground formations with at least one layer-like special formation that is adjacent to one in the direction of the sink Formation has significantly different formation pressures.
- the invention addresses the problem, a method and a drilling device to create the above drawbacks when drilling wells into underground formations with significant formation pressure differences avoid.
- the invention solves the problem by a method according to claim 1 and by a drill according to claim 9. With regard to essential Further refinements are made to claims 2 to 8 to 10 to 19.
- the outer housing forms a shield for Formation that avoids the occurrence of tributaries as well as that Push formation areas towards drilling tool and pipe string.
- the invention improves the above-mentioned effect of the outer housing by a drill bit is driven at the end of the outer housing, the shielding outer casing surrounds the directional drilling tool and with this works together as a unit.
- the drilling rig schematically illustrated in Fig. 1 for sinking a Drilling into underground formations includes an above-ground derrick 1 with conventional equipment, one of which is screwed into a borehole 2 Pipe sections assembled pipe string 3, whose lower end in the usual way via connection thread with a drilling tool 4 is connected.
- a compensation and pressure device 6 thruster
- a compensation and pressure device 6 be screwed in between, with the help of mainly thermal ones Length differences while maintaining or specifying a desired one M adoptedeland pressure force can be compensated.
- the drilling tool 4 comprises a composed of screwed pipe sections Tool housing 7 and one housed therein, only schematically indicated downhole motor 8 of any suitable, known training, the output shaft 9 at its lower end with a Drill bit 10 is screwed.
- the system shown in Fig. 1 further comprises a pipe string 3 and that Drilling tool 4 surrounding outer housing 11, one of pipe sections composite well casing (liner or casing) forms and via a connecting device 12 (liner hanger) at its upper end can be connected to the pipe string 3.
- This connecting device 12 provides a detachable connection with the tubing string 3 and allows one with the pipe string 3 retracting and pulling together the outer housing 11 in the borehole 2 or from this.
- the tool housing 7 is in the area of the lower end of the upper Main part 13 of the outer housing 11 by an upper group 14 of locking members supported against downward movement, and the drive shaft 9 is in the area of a thickened section 15 by a lower group 16 of locking members with a lower separate end part 17 of the outer housing 11, which is independently rotatable at a lower end portion 18 of the main part 13 of the outer housing 11 is mounted and with the Drive shaft 9 around the common longitudinal central axis 19 of the drill can.
- the lower end part 17 carries a drill bit 20 on the end face thereof Cutting plane approximately at the level of the cutting plane of the drill bit 10 Starting position.
- the upper group 14 of the locking members is one in the outer housing 11 trained locking groove 21 in the form of an outwardly shaped annular Bag and formed by locking bars 22 on the tool housing 7 fixed by means of screws 23 at one end and with their free part a lowered starting position by the action of a spring 24 in a locking position are elastically deflectable, in which the locking bars 22 into the locking grooves 21 engage non-rotatably.
- the locking bars 22 are in the illustrated Attach their top end with their free bottom end the pocket bottom 21 '; with possible fastening of the ledges 22 at its lower end is supported by a projection of the Engagement part 25 at the upper free end of the locking bars 22 on the pocket bottom 21 '.
- the locking bars 22 are stressed in this case. At least three bars are provided, which regularly over the The circumference of the outer housing 11 and the tool housing 7 is arranged distributed are.
- the lower group 16 of the locking members is in the lower end part 17 of the Outer housing 11 formed, longitudinal locking grooves 26 in shape from pockets shaped to the outside and from thickened Section 15 of the drive shaft 9 of the deep hole motor 8 by means of screws 23 fixed locking bars 27 formed, which also from a lowered starting position elastic by the action of a spring 28 in a locking position are deflectable, in the engaging parts 29 of the locking bars 27 into the locking grooves 26 intervene.
- the lower group 16 comprises at least three pairs of Locking grooves 26 and locking strips 27, which are equiangular over the circumference of Outer housing 11 and drive shaft 9 are arranged distributed. Instead of shown attachment of the locking bars 27 with an overhead fastening point and the lower free end can also be used with the upper free end Be attached at the end and bottom of the attachment point.
- the upper group 14 executed with an engagement length that is shorter than that Engagement length of the engagement parts 29 of the locking bars 27 of the lower group 16. This ensures that the engaging parts 29 of the locking bars 27 of the lower group 16 only in the locking grooves 26 intended for them the lower Group 16 can come up with.
- the locking grooves 26 of the lower group 16 have an engagement length that is greater than that of the engaging parts 29 of the locking bars 27 of the lower group 16. This ensures that the lower end portion 17 of the outer housing 11 in shift in the axial direction relative to the drive shaft 9 between two end positions can, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3.
- a bearing sleeve 30 is provided which from above into the lower end part 17 of the Inserted outer housing 11 and firmly connected to it, e.g. screwed is.
- the lower end portion 18 of the upper body 13 of the outer case 11 engages around the bearing sleeve 30 and forms with a bearing surface 31 on its inside a plain bearing coaxial with the longitudinal central axis 19 of the drilling device.
- the bearing sleeve 30 is in the lower end section 18 of the upper Main part 13 of the outer housing 11 is axially displaceably supported, so the lower end part 17, the above-mentioned axial mobility between 2 and the drilling operating position 3 to enable.
- the bearing sleeve 30 has a collar 32 on the outside, the as a stop in cooperation with a shoulder 33 above the bearing surface 31 the lower end position for the lower end part 17 of the outer housing 11 defined.
- the drilling operating position is the lower End of the locking ledges 27 defined with a counter surface 34 as a stop interact, which in the example shown from the end face of the screwed lower portion 35 of the lower end portion 17 of the outer housing 11 is formed, which in the overlying upper portion 36 of the lower end portion 17 of the outer housing 11 is screwed.
- the drive shaft 9 of the deep hole motor 8 with one section 39 increased flexibility in the form of a circumferential, the bending resistance lowering confiscation, that of the downstream one Part of the drive shaft 9 gives an all-round elastic deflectability.
- the flexible section 39 is when the drilling tool 4 in its lower end position in the outer housing 11, slightly below the Bend 40, on which the longitudinal central axis 19 of the drill in the angled lower axis part 19 'merges.
- any type of bit can be used as the drill bit 10.
- the drill bit 10 is provided with a stabilizer part 10 ' which is the inside of the lower portion 35 of the lower end part 17 is closely spaced, and has a side cutting surface that for example, by grinding, has a high accuracy of fit and with can fit through the drill bit 20.
- first part of a borehole 2 with Drilled using a normal drilling tool similar to drilling tool 4 the through any, e.g. first formation formed by slate up to the vicinity of the border area to a downstream area Special formation descends, in which the formation pressure is much higher or less than that in the area of the first formation.
- This first Formation with largely the same first formation pressure can be essentially one have a homogeneous structure, but can also consist of several different ones There are partial formations between which there are no significant ones Formation pressure differences exist.
- the drilling tool 4 is set down and locked in the outer housing 11 is, the upper end of the outer housing 11 by means of the connecting device 12, which may be of any suitable, known design, connected to tubing string 3 and then out of the rig support solved.
- the unit of parts 3, 4 and 11 thus formed is now under further construction of the pipe string 3 in the first part of the borehole 2 further retracted until drill bit 10 and drill bit 11 reach the bottom of borehole 2 to reach.
- the drilling tool 4 is then put into operation, what happens by switching on or starting the deep hole motor 8, for example by training as a turbine or Moineau motor is put into operation with drilling fluid. This is done by the central Flushing channel 41 in the drill string supplied from above and occurs Flow through the central flushing channel 41 from the face of the drill bit 10 in the borehole 2 to subsequently in the annulus between the drill and to flow back into the borehole wall above ground.
- the tubular string 3 becomes tubular Carried outer housing 11, wherein by rotating the drill bit 20 on lower end of the outer housing 11 this in turn like a drilling tool works.
- the outer housing 11 lines the borehole in the region of its length 2 off, absorbs inward formation forces as soon as these, for example become effective when the pressure drops in the drilling fluid, and causes a waterproofing that may be perfected by cementing can be.
- the drilling tool can be loosened the connecting device 12 and the bore, for example can be used as a production well after being fully lined. Is the borehole extends far beyond the special formation can give after pulling the previously connected to the outer housing 11 Bohrwerkmaschines4 a second drilling tool with a pipe string into it Borehole are retracted, which can be passed through the offset outer housing are and can take over the further drilling of the hole. If there is further sinking at a considerable distance from the first Special formation Another special formation to be pierced, a second one Drilling rig with a second outer housing are used, that can be passed through the stepped first outer housing. The sequence the drilling process with the second drill is then analogous to that the above-described process.
- the upper main part 13 of the outer housing 11 is advantageously by the Pipe string 3 for the purpose of reducing friction or to guide the straight line Drilling tool 4 set in rotation. If the outer housing 11 with a Angled in its lower area and the drill thus closed Directional drilling operations can be used after determining the direction course of the angled part of the outer housing 11 this through the Pipe string 3 is secured against twisting from above ground, which means that in the event of further Drilling progress a part of the borehole that has been changed in its direction is drilled.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP95115867A EP0768446B1 (de) | 1995-10-09 | 1995-10-09 | Verfahren und Bohrgerät zum Abteufen von Bohrungen in unterirdische Formationen |
DE59508569T DE59508569D1 (de) | 1995-10-09 | 1995-10-09 | Verfahren und Bohrgerät zum Abteufen von Bohrungen in unterirdische Formationen |
NO19964272A NO311046B1 (no) | 1995-10-09 | 1996-10-08 | Fremgangsmate og boreinnretning til utdyping av borehull i underjordiske formasjoner |
US08/729,226 US5845722A (en) | 1995-10-09 | 1996-10-09 | Method and apparatus for drilling boreholes in earth formations (drills in liner systems) |
US09/205,969 US6196336B1 (en) | 1995-10-09 | 1998-12-04 | Method and apparatus for drilling boreholes in earth formations (drilling liner systems) |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP95115867A EP0768446B1 (de) | 1995-10-09 | 1995-10-09 | Verfahren und Bohrgerät zum Abteufen von Bohrungen in unterirdische Formationen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0768446A1 EP0768446A1 (de) | 1997-04-16 |
EP0768446B1 true EP0768446B1 (de) | 2000-07-12 |
Family
ID=8219698
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95115867A Expired - Lifetime EP0768446B1 (de) | 1995-10-09 | 1995-10-09 | Verfahren und Bohrgerät zum Abteufen von Bohrungen in unterirdische Formationen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5845722A (no) |
EP (1) | EP0768446B1 (no) |
DE (1) | DE59508569D1 (no) |
NO (1) | NO311046B1 (no) |
Families Citing this family (54)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6070665A (en) * | 1996-05-02 | 2000-06-06 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Wellbore milling |
US6202752B1 (en) | 1993-09-10 | 2001-03-20 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Wellbore milling methods |
US6263987B1 (en) | 1994-10-14 | 2001-07-24 | Smart Drilling And Completion, Inc. | One pass drilling and completion of extended reach lateral wellbores with drill bit attached to drill string to produce hydrocarbons from offshore platforms |
US6857486B2 (en) | 2001-08-19 | 2005-02-22 | Smart Drilling And Completion, Inc. | High power umbilicals for subterranean electric drilling machines and remotely operated vehicles |
AUPN357995A0 (en) * | 1995-06-15 | 1995-07-06 | Rear, Ian Graeme | Down hole hammer assembly |
US6547006B1 (en) * | 1996-05-02 | 2003-04-15 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Wellbore liner system |
US6106200A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 2000-08-22 | Techmo Entwicklungs-Und Vertriebs Gmbh | Process and device for simultaneously drilling and lining a hole |
US5957225A (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-09-28 | Bp Amoco Corporation | Drilling assembly and method of drilling for unstable and depleted formations |
US6536520B1 (en) | 2000-04-17 | 2003-03-25 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Top drive casing system |
US6529834B1 (en) | 1997-12-04 | 2003-03-04 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Measurement-while-drilling assembly using gyroscopic devices and methods of bias removal |
USRE42761E1 (en) | 1997-12-31 | 2011-09-27 | Crossroads Systems, Inc. | Storage router and method for providing virtual local storage |
US5941972A (en) | 1997-12-31 | 1999-08-24 | Crossroads Systems, Inc. | Storage router and method for providing virtual local storage |
US6089319A (en) * | 1998-03-23 | 2000-07-18 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Whipstock |
CA2271401C (en) | 1999-02-23 | 2008-07-29 | Tesco Corporation | Drilling with casing |
US6857487B2 (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2005-02-22 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Drilling with concentric strings of casing |
US7311148B2 (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2007-12-25 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for wellbore construction and completion |
US6374918B2 (en) | 1999-05-14 | 2002-04-23 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | In-tubing wellbore sidetracking operations |
US9586699B1 (en) | 1999-08-16 | 2017-03-07 | Smart Drilling And Completion, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for monitoring and fixing holes in composite aircraft |
CA2327920C (en) | 1999-12-10 | 2005-09-13 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Apparatus and method for simultaneous drilling and casing wellbores |
GB0008988D0 (en) * | 2000-04-13 | 2000-05-31 | Bbl Downhole Tools Ltd | Drill bit nozzle |
US7334650B2 (en) * | 2000-04-13 | 2008-02-26 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for drilling a wellbore using casing |
GB2365463B (en) * | 2000-08-01 | 2005-02-16 | Renovus Ltd | Drilling method |
US7004263B2 (en) * | 2001-05-09 | 2006-02-28 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Directional casing drilling |
US8515677B1 (en) | 2002-08-15 | 2013-08-20 | Smart Drilling And Completion, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to prevent failures of fiber-reinforced composite materials under compressive stresses caused by fluids and gases invading microfractures in the materials |
US9625361B1 (en) | 2001-08-19 | 2017-04-18 | Smart Drilling And Completion, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to prevent failures of fiber-reinforced composite materials under compressive stresses caused by fluids and gases invading microfractures in the materials |
US7730965B2 (en) | 2002-12-13 | 2010-06-08 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Retractable joint and cementing shoe for use in completing a wellbore |
CA2512641C (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2011-04-05 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for drilling a wellbore using casing |
USRE42877E1 (en) | 2003-02-07 | 2011-11-01 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for wellbore construction and completion |
CA2515296C (en) * | 2003-02-07 | 2010-09-21 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for wellbore construction and completion |
US7650944B1 (en) | 2003-07-11 | 2010-01-26 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Vessel for well intervention |
AT413231B (de) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-12-15 | Techmo Entw & Vertriebs Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum bohren von löchern in boden- oder gesteinsmaterial |
US20050126826A1 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-06-16 | Moriarty Keith A. | Directional casing and liner drilling with mud motor |
US7086485B2 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2006-08-08 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Directional casing drilling |
US20050133268A1 (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2005-06-23 | Moriarty Keith A. | Method and apparatus for casing and directional drilling using bi-centered bit |
US7182153B2 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2007-02-27 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Methods of casing drilling |
US7520343B2 (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2009-04-21 | Tesco Corporation | Retrievable center bit |
US7275605B2 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2007-10-02 | Conocophillips Company | Rotatable drill shoe |
CA2538196C (en) | 2005-02-28 | 2011-10-11 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Deep water drilling with casing |
US8827006B2 (en) * | 2005-05-12 | 2014-09-09 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Apparatus and method for measuring while drilling |
US7766088B2 (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2010-08-03 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | System and method for actuating wellbore tools |
GB2451784B (en) | 2006-05-12 | 2011-06-01 | Weatherford Lamb | Stage cementing methods used in casing while drilling |
US8276689B2 (en) | 2006-05-22 | 2012-10-02 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for drilling with casing |
US8056649B2 (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2011-11-15 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Apparatus and methods for drilling wellbores that utilize a detachable reamer |
AU2009313697B2 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2015-01-15 | Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc | Subsea drilling with casing |
US20100193250A1 (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-05 | Tesco Corporation | Cutting Structure for Casing Drilling Underreamer |
US8113301B2 (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2012-02-14 | Tesco Corporation | Jetted underreamer assembly |
WO2012048458A1 (zh) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-04-19 | 石家庄中煤装备制造股份有限公司 | 组合钻具 |
AU2013222197B2 (en) | 2012-02-22 | 2017-12-21 | Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc | Subsea casing drilling system |
US9022113B2 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2015-05-05 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | One trip casing or liner directional drilling with expansion and cementing |
WO2013180822A2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | Tellus Oilfield, Inc. | Drilling system, biasing mechanism and method for directionally drilling a borehole |
WO2017019017A1 (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2017-02-02 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Drill bit and method for casing while drilling |
US10260295B2 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2019-04-16 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Mitigating drilling circulation loss |
WO2019035838A1 (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2019-02-21 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | TRAPPER WITH ADJUSTABLE INTERNAL GAUGE CONFIGURATION |
CN111238870B (zh) * | 2020-03-18 | 2023-01-20 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | 一种地质勘测装置 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB1249440A (en) * | 1970-06-17 | 1971-10-13 | Shell Int Research | Method and apparatus for use in drilling offshore wells |
FR2209038B1 (no) * | 1972-12-06 | 1977-07-22 | Petroles Cie Francaise | |
FR2596803B1 (fr) * | 1986-04-02 | 1988-06-24 | Elf Aquitaine | Dispositif de forage et cuvelage simultanes |
FR2605657A1 (fr) * | 1986-10-22 | 1988-04-29 | Soletanche | Procede pour la realisation d'un pieu dans le sol, machine de forage et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
DE3839760C1 (en) * | 1988-11-25 | 1990-01-18 | Gewerkschaft Walter Ag | Double rotary drilling apparatus for making directionally accurate bores, in particular horizontal bores |
DE3902868C1 (no) * | 1989-02-01 | 1990-06-07 | Eastman Christensen Co., Salt Lake City, Utah, Us | |
US5074366A (en) * | 1990-06-21 | 1991-12-24 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method and apparatus for horizontal drilling |
US5197553A (en) * | 1991-08-14 | 1993-03-30 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Drilling with casing and retrievable drill bit |
US5186265A (en) * | 1991-08-22 | 1993-02-16 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Retrievable bit and eccentric reamer assembly |
US5472057A (en) * | 1994-04-11 | 1995-12-05 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Drilling with casing and retrievable bit-motor assembly |
-
1995
- 1995-10-09 DE DE59508569T patent/DE59508569D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-09 EP EP95115867A patent/EP0768446B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-10-08 NO NO19964272A patent/NO311046B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-09 US US08/729,226 patent/US5845722A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59508569D1 (de) | 2000-08-17 |
NO311046B1 (no) | 2001-10-01 |
US5845722A (en) | 1998-12-08 |
NO964272L (no) | 1997-04-10 |
EP0768446A1 (de) | 1997-04-16 |
NO964272D0 (no) | 1996-10-08 |
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