EP0767694B1 - Propulseur individuel sous-marin - Google Patents
Propulseur individuel sous-marin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0767694B1 EP0767694B1 EP93910126A EP93910126A EP0767694B1 EP 0767694 B1 EP0767694 B1 EP 0767694B1 EP 93910126 A EP93910126 A EP 93910126A EP 93910126 A EP93910126 A EP 93910126A EP 0767694 B1 EP0767694 B1 EP 0767694B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- propulsion means
- electrical propulsion
- underwater diving
- means intended
- diving according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 208000037516 chromosome inversion disease Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251729 Elasmobranchii Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B35/00—Swimming framework with driving mechanisms operated by the swimmer or by a motor
- A63B35/08—Swimming framework with driving mechanisms operated by the swimmer or by a motor with propeller propulsion
- A63B35/12—Swimming framework with driving mechanisms operated by the swimmer or by a motor with propeller propulsion operated by a motor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric thruster intended for scuba diving.
- Traditional underwater propulsion systems are designed like torpedoes and the main flow resulting from the rotation of the propeller is ejected along the axis of symmetry of the device. The diver must therefore move away from this axis and the master couple in the direction of movement is increased.
- Figure 1 shows such a traditional propellant, the plunger must be offset along the axis OZ to stand above the turbulence generated by the propeller.
- a technical solution consists in placing two turbo-engines on either side of the propellant according to document DE-A-35 23 758, but this solution is complex and expensive.
- the present invention improves the performance of the propellant and facilitates the steering.
- the propellant is constituted by a symmetrical symbolic hyperform by compared to the OXY movement plan, figure 2, of the diver. This form provides the equivalent of two swimming paddles profiled in the OX axis of movement.
- Figure 2 shows the basic principle of such a system.
- the diver holds the device at arm end in the axis of movement, the water is sucked through an opening 1 located at the front.
- the incoming flow is then divided into two symmetrical transfers and driven back on either side of the diver.
- the two secondary flows 2 are partially divergent to improve hydrodynamics and propulsion is by reaction.
- wing profile chosen for the body is neutral, detail 5 in Figure 3, because when diving the weight is compensated by hydrostatic thrust and no dynamic lift should result when traveling.
- Two headlights 8 and a speed control 7 can be integrated into the vehicle.
- FIG 4 shows a diver equipped with such a system.
- the waterproof accumulators 3 are placed outside the propellant, at the waist. They can also be attached to the back of the diver or to diving tanks. So structured the propellant is less bulky, lighter and more efficient.
- the batteries placed outside replace the weights usually used to balance the diver.
- a cable 4 provides electrical power to the motor integrated in the device.
- the weight corresponding to the batteries can be compensated by volumes of foam of density less than one, this compensation can also be performed via an inflatable diving vest.
- Polymer batteries with a density substantially equal to 2 can also be used and require little hydrostatic compensation.
- FIG. 5 shows the balance of such a propulsion system produced according to the invention.
- the body 9 made of materials of density less than one, produces a hydrostatic thrust directed upwards at G.
- the total weight of the propellant including the body and accessories interiors such as the engine 14 and the control system 11 must correspond to G so that the thruster is in balance whatever its position.
- the handles 10 integrated directly into the body and the reaction forces R must be substantially aligned in a zone Z as small as possible according to OX.
- This exploded view of a propellant designed according to the invention also shows the body 9 made up of two symmetrical half-shells Manufacturing, assembly and maintenance are thus considerably simplified, investment in molds is reduced.
- interior shapes are harmonized with the exterior shapes to reduce the maximum submerged volume.
- the motor 14 in figure 6 is placed so as to correspond with the center of thrust hydrostatic G because it is the heaviest element and an offset would require balancing by additional masses.
- a chamber 15 is arranged around the engine for its cooling, circulation water is provided by a calibrated conduit 21 whose inlet is located downstream of the turbine and green evacuation rear 16
- This duct is calibrated according to the power chosen for the engine and the quantity corresponding heat to be removed.
- FIG. 6 shows such a control element 11 comprising two arms provided with sealed switches 12 leading to the level of the grab handles.
- This control element is obtained by overmolding the components on a card electronic and placed in a housing directly molded on the body.
- the electronic circuit includes a switching power supply, a charge controller and a safety system in case of blockage of the turbine.
- a simplified version includes only a control relay.
- the axis of the motor comprises at its end a turbine 20 making it possible to suck up the water and repress in two transfers.
- the initial flow generated by the high efficiency turbine is optimally divided.
- the aspect flow dynamics is described in Figure 7.
- the separation edge 28 operates a first division along the axis of geometric symmetry 27 of the transfer.
- a zone primary impulse 25 resulting from an asymmetrical profile 26 of the conduit makes it possible to initiate a dynamic axis 22 towards the secondary pulse zone 24
- the shape of the duct is obtained by the gradual passage from 26 to 23 along the axis of geometric symmetry and this results in flow along the dynamic axis with the minimum turbulence and better hydrodynamic reaction.
- Control flaps 30 can be installed at the end of wings according to FIG. 8. They allow to act on the roll and the pitch by actuating two levers 32 located near the handles and linked to the flaps by two axes 29 perpendicular to the direction of movement.
- the axis 29 drives an integrated nozzle 33
- the corresponding housing consists of a recess rectangular with two separate contacts for power supply.
- polymer batteries are arranged in the plane of joint according to a thickness of the order of 10 mm. They must conform to the interior profile of the thruster's body.
- the body in two parts is produced by injection / reaction in material of density less than 1, and assembly is done by screws 19 placed perpendicular to the OXY plane, figure 6.
- the body in two parts is produced by injection of material with a density greater than 1.
- cells 18 are arranged according to the figure 6 and in which foam blocks are arranged in order to obtain a relative density less than 1 to compensate for the weight of internal organs.
- each part of the body is hollow and formed by the assembly of two injected parts corresponding to the shapes, exterior and interior, of this.
- the parts forming the body can be filled with synthetic foam to increase their mechanical resistance.
- the body in two parts is extruded / blown in polyethylene.
- Particularly light and resistant models are built in composite on a core synthetic foam.
- Figure 9 shows an optimal way to perfectly balance the thruster using three additional 34 adjustable masses located at 120 ° on a circle centered on the hydrostatic thrust center.
- this thruster is intended for both the diver and the deep equipped with compressed air cylinders only to the snorkeler.
- This thruster can also be used for beach games, underwater ballets and as emergency equipment for firefighters for example.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Description
Claims (10)
- Propulseur électrique destiné à la plongée sous-marine constitué d'un corps (9) enveloppant un système de propulsion hydrodynamique produisant lors de son utilisation, deux écoulements de part et d'autre du plongeur, caractérisé en ce que la séparation d'un flux entrant unique se fait dans le même plan de déplacement (OXY) que les deux écoulements.
- Propulseur électrique destiné à la plongée sous-marine selon la Revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le corps (9) est obtenu par l'assemblage de deux parties symétriques suivant ledit plan de déplacement (OXY).
- Propulseur électrique destiné à la plongée sous-marine selon la Revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que les deux parties constituant le corps (9) forment par leur assemblage deux transferts divergents à partir de l'orifice d'admission situé à l'avant, ces deux transferts se joignant pour former une arête de séparation du flux primaire, un emplacement pour la turbine et une entrée pour l'eau.
- Propulseur électrique destiné à la plongée sous-marine selon les Revendications 2 et/ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les deux parties constituant le corps (9) forment par leur assemblage un emplacement pour le moteur et son système électronique de pilotage proche de son centre de poussée hydrostatique.
- Propulseur destiné à la plongée sous-marine selon l'une quelconque des Revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la position du centre de gravité est réglable par rapport au centre de poussée hydrostatique avec la disposition de masses additionnelles dans des logements situés autour du centre de poussée hydrostatique.
- Propulseur électrique destiné à la plongée sous-marine selon l'une quelconque des Revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'écoulement du fluide dans les transferts s'effectue suivant un axe dynamique généré par l'inversion progressive d'un profil de conduit assymétrique le long de leurs axes de symétrie géométrique.
- Propulseur électrique destiné à la plongée sous-marine selon l'une quelconque des Revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la densité relative du corps (9) est réglable par la disposition d'éléments en mousse de densité inférieure à un et conformés suivant des évidements creusés dans ses deux parties constitutives.
- Propulseur électrique destiné à la plongée sous-marine selon l'une quelconque des Revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que deux volets (30) placés à l'extrémité des ailes ou bien deux tuyères intégrées (33) sont commandées par un système d'axes et de leviers à partir des poignées intégrées (10), selon un axe de rotation appartenant au plan d'assemblage et perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement.
- Propulseur électrique destiné à la plongée sous-marine selon l'une quelconque des Revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la partie arrière recevant le cable d'alimentation en énergie possède un aménagement pour recevoir un pack de batteries enfichable
- Propulseur électrique destiné à la plongée sous-marine selon l'une quelconque des Revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps (9) possède sur sa partie arrière deux évidements formant des poignées intégrées proches d'un axe défini par les origines des deux efforts de réaction résultant de l'écoulement du fluide à la sortie des transferts.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9206344A FR2691424B1 (fr) | 1992-05-19 | 1992-05-19 | Propulseur individuel utilisant l'energie electrique en milieu sous-marin. |
FR9206344 | 1992-05-19 | ||
PCT/FR1993/000474 WO1993023119A1 (fr) | 1992-05-19 | 1993-05-17 | Propulseur individuel sous-marin |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0767694A1 EP0767694A1 (fr) | 1997-04-16 |
EP0767694B1 true EP0767694B1 (fr) | 1999-09-22 |
Family
ID=9430124
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93910126A Expired - Lifetime EP0767694B1 (fr) | 1992-05-19 | 1993-05-17 | Propulseur individuel sous-marin |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5469803A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0767694B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69326564D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2137259T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2691424B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1993023119A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19511850A1 (de) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-02 | Juergen Grimmeisen | Unterwassermotorschlitten |
US5704817A (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 1998-01-06 | Vaughn; Wayne P. | Water surface propulsion device |
US6461204B1 (en) * | 1999-05-25 | 2002-10-08 | Toshiba Tec Kabushiki Kaisha | Swimming assistance apparatus |
US7329160B2 (en) * | 2000-02-26 | 2008-02-12 | Andrea Grimmeisen | Motorized watercraft |
DE50112787D1 (de) * | 2000-02-26 | 2007-09-13 | Andrea Grimmeisen | Motorwasserfahrzeug |
US6748894B1 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2004-06-15 | Adam Peter Dunn | Submersible marine vehicle |
US6647912B1 (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2003-11-18 | Thomas W. Rogers | Underwater traveling craft |
US7448340B1 (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2008-11-11 | Edward Gibson | Diving device |
US7347158B2 (en) * | 2004-01-22 | 2008-03-25 | Graham Hawkes | Safety system for scuba divers operating underwater propulsion devices |
DE102004049615B4 (de) * | 2004-10-12 | 2009-03-05 | Rotinor Gmbh | Motorwasserfahrzeug |
US6990919B1 (en) | 2005-01-31 | 2006-01-31 | Mel Calinawan | Attachment to a sea scooter |
FR2915172A1 (fr) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-10-24 | Jean Pierre Gallo | Propulseur sous-marin operationnel |
SG174644A1 (en) | 2010-03-22 | 2011-10-28 | Opcon Pte Ltd | A battery pack |
FR2975073B1 (fr) * | 2011-05-10 | 2015-08-21 | Alain Dinis | Procede et dispositif pour la visualisation d'un contenu informatique associe a une propulsion. |
FR3063484A1 (fr) * | 2017-03-03 | 2018-09-07 | Alain Charles Andre Cler | Dispositif de propulsion electrique integre au scaphandre autonome du plongeur sous-marin |
AU201810101S (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-09 | Tianjin Deepfar Ocean Tech Co | Floater for underwater propulsion device |
GB2574641B (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2020-09-02 | David Richard O'brien Archie | Waterjet propulsion apparatus |
USD917372S1 (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-04-27 | Zhuhai Yunzhou Intelligence Technology Ltd. | Diver propulsion vehicle |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2722021A (en) * | 1951-10-12 | 1955-11-01 | Walter C Keogh-Dwyer | Surface and sub-surface human being propulsion device |
US3503356A (en) * | 1968-07-26 | 1970-03-31 | Eugene L Wilson | Underwater propulsion device |
FR1584195A (fr) * | 1968-09-09 | 1969-12-12 | ||
US3721208A (en) * | 1971-08-20 | 1973-03-20 | Minijet Sportscrafts Inc | Vehicle and apparatus for moving the vehicle through a fluid |
GB1545222A (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1979-05-02 | Mcleod G | Motorized float |
DE3523758A1 (de) * | 1985-07-03 | 1987-01-08 | Peter Jakusch | Wassersport - schwimmbeschleuniger |
DE4001854A1 (de) * | 1990-01-23 | 1991-07-25 | Heinrich Halamicek | Vorrichtung zur schuberzeugung |
-
1992
- 1992-05-19 FR FR9206344A patent/FR2691424B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-05-17 WO PCT/FR1993/000474 patent/WO1993023119A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1993-05-17 US US08/341,590 patent/US5469803A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-05-17 ES ES93910126T patent/ES2137259T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-17 DE DE69326564T patent/DE69326564D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-17 EP EP93910126A patent/EP0767694B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2691424A1 (fr) | 1993-11-26 |
WO1993023119A1 (fr) | 1993-11-25 |
DE69326564D1 (de) | 1999-10-28 |
ES2137259T3 (es) | 1999-12-16 |
EP0767694A1 (fr) | 1997-04-16 |
US5469803A (en) | 1995-11-28 |
FR2691424B1 (fr) | 1998-04-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0767694B1 (fr) | Propulseur individuel sous-marin | |
CN111566004B (zh) | 电动机动水路航行器和传动系系统 | |
US4023751A (en) | Flying ship | |
US3324822A (en) | Motorized surfboard | |
US3948206A (en) | Jet powered watercraft | |
US5586922A (en) | Watercraft | |
WO2009002520A2 (fr) | Engin à mode humide-sec pour eau peu prof onde et engin de combat côtier | |
WO2017149196A1 (fr) | Hydravion | |
US5429533A (en) | Control for watercraft | |
WO2011083170A1 (fr) | Unités de propulsion de natation | |
CA2617396C (fr) | Moteur a propulsion pour bateau | |
US4356786A (en) | Hydrofoil boat | |
CZ308694B6 (cs) | Kajak s přídavným pohonem | |
CN107792324B (zh) | 潜水飞行汽车 | |
JP7485657B2 (ja) | 船舶用エンジンアセンブリ | |
DE69517635T2 (de) | Hochleistungs-motorwasserski | |
JPH023598A (ja) | 小型水上乗り物 | |
US20140154934A1 (en) | Amphibious or marine apparatus, and methods of making and using same | |
US7381109B2 (en) | Water craft with new configuration of active hulls and stationary hulls for better hydrodynamic performance, greater stability and increased versatility | |
KR102254129B1 (ko) | 스피드 수상 자전거 | |
CN1546352A (zh) | 载人摇摆浮体 | |
FR2616850A1 (fr) | Groupe motopropulseur a helice tractive et a reaction | |
FR3146184A1 (fr) | Vanne motorisée de distribution de fluide | |
FR2589818A1 (fr) | Propulseur pour engins de locomotion legers | |
DE29810534U1 (de) | Surfbrett |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19950213 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BE DE DK ES GB GR IE IT MC NL PT SE |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19980915 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: FEM-AERO, SOCIETE ANONYME |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: GALLO, JEAN-PIERRE |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE DE DK ES GB GR IE IT MC NL PT SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY Effective date: 19990922 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19990922 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19990922 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19990922 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69326564 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19991028 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: FRENCH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2137259 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19991222 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19991222 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19991223 |
|
NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
GBV | Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed] |
Effective date: 19990922 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20000529 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20000531 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20000719 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FD4D |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: S.A. FEM-AERO Effective date: 20000531 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20001130 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20010518 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20030303 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050517 |