EP0760054B1 - Systeme de clapets d'air combines avec chambre de distribution - Google Patents
Systeme de clapets d'air combines avec chambre de distribution Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0760054B1 EP0760054B1 EP95920147A EP95920147A EP0760054B1 EP 0760054 B1 EP0760054 B1 EP 0760054B1 EP 95920147 A EP95920147 A EP 95920147A EP 95920147 A EP95920147 A EP 95920147A EP 0760054 B1 EP0760054 B1 EP 0760054B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- valves
- housing
- cylinder
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101100334009 Caenorhabditis elegans rib-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/20—Shapes or constructions of valve members, not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group
- F01L3/205—Reed valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
- F02B25/02—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using unidirectional scavenging
- F02B25/04—Engines having ports both in cylinder head and in cylinder wall near bottom of piston stroke
- F02B25/06—Engines having ports both in cylinder head and in cylinder wall near bottom of piston stroke the cylinder-head ports being controlled by working pistons, e.g. by sleeve-shaped extensions thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a valve system air combined with a distribution chamber serving them seat. It also concerns a room that can be in the crankcase or in the cylinder or in between. It relates to finally an internal combustion engine, in particular of the kind "two time ", equipped with a light admission device controlled by a new valve system.
- the invention finds application in the field of explosion engines, and in particular so-called "two-stroke" engines.
- the present invention aims to achieve better filling cylinders. It also aims to achieve filling more than 1 thanks to a double suction during each cycle.
- the valves are arranged very close to the lights (or openings).
- valves are of the reed type. They are fixed on a housing to facilitate machining of seats, sealing and editing. Their opening on one side only is limited by a stop plate.
- valves in the housing make that they are very far from the transfer lights and that they lead into a large volume which acts as a buffer and which removes all sensitivity to valves.
- the passage of gases in the valve box is not very easy either.
- Document FR-A-590 192 describes a system of valves for the intake of purge air into the cylinder of a two-stroke engine.
- the valve has a seat in the form of a flat grid, and consists of slats pushed against the seat by springs.
- a piece also in the form of a grid serves to limit the slat stroke.
- each valve comprises a housing for receiving the end of a spring of reminder, said housing being arranged on the face rear of a cover plate, said plate being shaped and arranged to produce the largest possible intake surface, in that the valve is mounted on a cylindrical surface common to the valves of the valves which serves as their seat, and in that the top of the housing 3 serves as an opening stop for the valve.
- the invention also relates to a motor chamber with internal combustion which is arranged in the casing, in the cylinder, or in between, and which receives a system of valves arranged on orifices.
- the invention relates to a combustion engine internal, in particular of the explosion type known as "two-stroke".
- the invention is characterized in that the engine comprises a system of valves arranged on a distribution chamber, arranged according to the above, intake lights and transfer lights opening into the same room.
- This advantageous arrangement makes it possible to obtain the most large intake area possible in correspondence with pressure stages during the cycle.
- the housing of valves is located ( Figure 4) in an annular chamber of low volume ( Figure 5), transfer lights (7, Figure 5) being part of this room.
- This provision advantageous allows the valves to react to the slightest depression and with the minimum of time.
- the shutter plate covers the seat to the right of the orifice of the room on a predetermined distance ensuring the sealing of the valve.
- the shape of the valves is in cylinder portion at the level of the plate 25 ( Figure 4) for closing the orifice of the annular chamber.
- This shape gives the valves great rigidity which authorizes their manufacture in technical plastic. From this in fact, the weight of a valve is very low (0.5 to 1 grams). This low weight promotes mobility, knowing that it can beat more than 100 times per second.
- the system of valve guide has a bearing face and the positioning by the housings of the single return spring 10 (Figure 5), facilitates assembly and reduces the price and noise.
- the spring is fitted first in the valve and we slide the valve with its spring onto its seat. The spring is relaxes in the housing 13 when it arrives in front of it.
- It includes a housing practiced in a part cylindrical 3, and two ribs like rib 2, which connect the external wall of the cylindrical housing 3 to the face rear of the cover plate 1 of the orifice 5 (shown in Figure 4).
- FIG. 2 there is shown a front section along the line B-B of the valve of FIG. 1, section in which we recognizes the shutter plate 1 of the orifice of the chamber ring (not shown) and the body housing cylindrical 3, which receives the return spring 10, in FIG. 5.
- FIG. 3 there is shown a section along the line A-A of the valve of FIG. 1, view in which the shape in cylinder portion of blanking plate 1 is clearly visible.
- the radius of the cylinder portion is equal to the radius interior R of the interior circumference of the chamber annular on the orifice of which the valve is placed under the action of its return spring (10, in Figure 5).
- the cover plate allows to close suitably because of overpressure or depression, as the case may be, reigning inside the cylinder during the cycle piston (5 in Figure 5), the orifice of the room by marrying the interior surface of the room distribution.
- the top of the housing 3 of the spring 10 serves as opening stop.
- the internal combustion engine chamber of the invention is substantially annular in shape, with a low height compared to its radius R. This radius is also the radius of the valve cover plate. On his outer diameter, the annular chamber includes lights intake and transfer lights on its diameter interior.
- valves can open a second time in the same cycle.
- valve system (10, 11, 13; Figure 5) is combined with a tiered distribution system, adjusted by a two-stage piston (5, figure 5).
- This arrangement means that there are lights exhaust on the circumference of the second stage of the piston and at the same height.
- lights of transfer 7 (figure 5) on the first floor and on the whole circumference of the annular chamber 8. These lights exhaust and transfer open simultaneously or with a slight offset at bottom dead center.
- Behind these lights of transfer there is an annular chamber 8 and opposite the valves 11, seen in section in FIG. 5.
- This chamber ring and the valve seats are in the housing 18, more particularly in the cylindrical part of the casing serving as support and centering for the cylinders.
- This layout is advantageous because the path that the air has to browse from air filter to transfer lights 7 east minimized. In an exemplary embodiment, it is only about 15 mm. This reduction in distance produces a very high sensitivity on the valves which can react to the slightest depression.
- the valves have a carried in the form of a cylinder portion. They are placed in the casing between the cylinder and the bearing 30 of the coupling rigid which closes and isolates this part of the casing from the rest which represents the limit oiled part of the casing.
- valves are located in the oiled part of the housing.
- the precompression volume is small and located around transfer lights.
- the exhaust lights 31 can be set to close before the transfer lights 7. In this case, when the exhaust lights 31 close, the gases which arrive in the cylinder at high speed, compress at the bottom of the cylinder creating a vacuum behind them.
- the exhaust lights 31 are cut in the second stage of the piston 5 and at the end thereof.
- the seal is made on the piston with the inside of a particular static segment.
- the depression causes the valves 11 to open for a second times in the same cycle and a complementary filling of cylinders.
- the ring valve system is combined with a stepped distribution system obtained by a two piston stages 5.
- the exhaust lights 31 are arranged on the second stage of the piston and at the same height.
- the lights of transfer are arranged on the first floor shirt and at the same height.
- Opening the exhaust and transfer lights is done simultaneously or with a slight offset.
- the exhaust lights are closed before the closing the transfer lights 7, there is a gas compression in the cylinder and vacuum in the inlet chamber which causes the two valves to open times in the same cycle. Before compression we obtain a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure.
- This volume is connected to the valves by the lights of transfer 7 which communicate with the annular chamber 8 where find the valves.
- the volume of compressed air in the annular chamber then passes into the explosion chamber and the cycle continues.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 the alternative is shown cylinder 6 of the engine, the lower part of which has been machined to have slots around its entire periphery 32 determining between them the spaces that correspond to the transfer lights.
- the columns of these slots are profiled in shape of blades with a double angle, in order to orient the fresh gas rotating around the piston chimney.
- injectors 33 oriented in the same direction as the rotation of the gases inject the fuel in a direction that facilitates the most mixing homogeneous possible with fresh air.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
Description
- les figures 1 à 3 : trois vues d'un clapet d'un système selon l'invention ;
- la figure 4 : une vue partielle d'une chambre annulaire servant de siège pour un système de clapets selon l'invention ;
- la figure 5 : une vue en coupe partielle d'un moteur à explosion deux-temps selon l'invention;
- la figure 6 est une coupe verticale d'une variante du cylindre du moteur de la figure 5 ; et
- la figure 7 est une vue partielle en bout des aubes ménagées dans la paroi du cylindre de la figure 6.
- par le ressort qui sert de liaison entre ses deux logements opposés : le logement du ressort du clapet et le logement 13 (voir figure 5) de positionnement, d'une part
- et par une des deux faces longitudinales du clapet qui glisse avec la souplesse du ressort sur une face du support du logement 13, d'autre part.
- un carter 16 sur lequel est monté le reste du moteur, et dans lequel se trouve un système de transformation du mouvement alternatif en mouvement rotatif comme le système bielle- manivelle ;
- au moins un cylindre 6, monté sur le dessus du carter au dessus d'une ouverture convenable de celui-ci, et muni d'ailettes 17 sur au moins une face extérieure au moteur pour son refroidissement et qui délimite la chambre de course du piston, l'échappement étant évacué par une pipe représentée sans repère en haut de la figure 5 ;
- un piston guidé 5 qui coulisse dans le cylindre ;
- un palier 30 de guidage de la tige au piston ; et
- un système de clapets comme le clapet 11. Le piston 5 est au point mort bas (P.M.B.). Les lumières de transfert 7 sont représentées en position ouverte.
Claims (14)
- Système de clapets pour dispositif d'admission de moteur à combustion interne, comprenant des clapets (1-3) présentant chacun une plaque d'obturation (1), une surface commune (27) d'appui présentant des ouvertures (26) et servant de siège aux dits clapets (1-3), chaque clapet étant appliqué contre la dite surface (27) par un ressort de rappel (10) et comportant une pièce de butée d'ouverture (18), caractérisé en ce que chaque clapet (1-3) présente sur la face arrière de sa plaque d'obturation (1) un logement (3) pour recevoir l'extrémité du dit ressort de rappel (10), la dite plaque d'obturation (1) est conformée et disposée de façon à produire la plus grande surface d'admission possible, la dite surface d'appui (27) est cylindrique et appartient à une plaque annulaire (14), et la dite pièce de butée est constituée par un carter central (18) servant de butée au sommet du logement (3) de chaque clapet et servant d'appui aux dits ressorts de rappel (10).
- Système de clapets selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les clapets sont disposés sur une circonférence de la surface cylindrique servant de siège et réalisée sous forme annulaire.
- Système de clapets selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le logement du ressort (10) dans le clapet est obtenu avec un corps cylindrique (3) rattaché à la plaque d'obturation (1) par au moins une nervure (2).
- Système de clapets selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la forme des clapets est en portion de cylindre au niveau de la plaque (1) d'obturation de façon à épouser la surface cylindrique.
- Système selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les clapets sont réalisés en un plastique technique.
- Chambre à clapets de moteur à combustion interne du genre comportant un carter sur lequel est monté au moins un cylindre, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est disposée dans le carter, dans le cylindre, ou entre les deux, et en ce qu'elle reçoit un système de clapets, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, disposés sur des orifices (26).
- Chambre selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est de forme annulaire présentant une faible hauteur relativement à son rayon (R), de façon à présenter un faible volume et qu'elle comporte sur son diamètre extérieur des lumières d'admission et sur son diamètre intérieur des lumières de transfert.
- Chambre selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que le positionnement et le guidage des clapets est obtenu :par un ressort qui sert de liaison entre le logement (3) du clapet et le logement (13) de positionnement d'une part,et d'autre part par une des deux faces longitudinales du clapet qui glisse avec la souplesse du ressort sur une face du support du logement (13).
- Moteur à combustion interne comprenant au moins un cylindre (6) à l'intérieur duquel se déplace un piston (5), et un carter (16) renfermant un dispositif de transformation de mouvement relié au dit piston (5), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une chambre à clapets (8) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 et 8, et en ce que les dites lumières de transfert (7) relient la chambre à clapets (8) à l'intérieur du cylindre (6).
- Moteur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le cylindre (6) comporte à sa partie supérieure l'échappement obturé par un piston ou par une soupape, à sa partie inférieure des lumières de transfert (7) obturées par un piston et, en vis-à-vis, des lumières d'admission (12) obturées par des clapets (11) à ouverture par dépression.
- Moteur selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que, en position basse du piston (5) dans le cylindre (6), les lumières de transfert (7) et l'échappement s'ouvrent simultanément ou avec un décalage en permettant l'échappement des gaz brûlés et le transfert des gaz précomprimés contenus dans la chambre à clapets (8).
- Moteur selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que, lors de la montée du piston (5) dans le cylindre (6), l'échappement se ferme avant les lumières de transfert (7), en provoquant une compression des gaz dans le cylindre (6) au niveau de l'échappement et une dépression au niveau des lumières de transfert (7) et de la chambre à clapets (8) qui provoque une seconde ouverture des clapets d'air (11) dans le même cycle moteur.
- Moteur selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que les lumières de transfert (7) sont constituées par des créneaux ménagés en bout du cylindre (6) et en ce que les colonnes de ces créneaux sont profilées en forme d'aubes avec une angulation double pour mettre en rotation rapide les gaz précomprimés autour de la cheminée du piston (5).
- Moteur selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte à la partie supérieure du cylindre au moins un injecteur de carburant orienté dans le sens de la rotation des gaz frais autour de la cheminée du piston (5).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9406045 | 1994-05-18 | ||
FR9406045A FR2720102B1 (fr) | 1994-05-18 | 1994-05-18 | Système de clapets d'air combinés avec chambre de distribution. |
PCT/FR1995/000639 WO1995031634A1 (fr) | 1994-05-18 | 1995-05-17 | Systeme de clapets d'air combines avec chambre de distribution |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0760054A1 EP0760054A1 (fr) | 1997-03-05 |
EP0760054B1 true EP0760054B1 (fr) | 1998-03-04 |
Family
ID=9463293
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95920147A Expired - Lifetime EP0760054B1 (fr) | 1994-05-18 | 1995-05-17 | Systeme de clapets d'air combines avec chambre de distribution |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5894821A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0760054B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH10500189A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69501737T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2720102B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2139994C1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1995031634A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2777944B1 (fr) * | 1998-04-24 | 2000-08-04 | Michel Francois Cons Chatelain | Moteur a explosions, a plat et a cylindres opposes |
DE202006018097U1 (de) * | 2006-11-27 | 2008-04-30 | Jung, Nadine | Freikolbenmotor |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE386966C (de) * | 1923-12-19 | Heinrich Christiansen | Freifliegendes Steuerventil fuer Zweitaktmotoren | |
DE222761C (fr) * | ||||
US1407586A (en) * | 1922-02-21 | Scavenging port control | ||
US1407585A (en) * | 1920-07-26 | 1922-02-21 | Hans R Setz | Two-cycle internal-combustion engine |
FR590192A (fr) * | 1923-12-23 | 1925-06-12 | Ansaldo | Perfectionnement aux moteurs diesel à deux temps |
US1972589A (en) * | 1929-02-11 | 1934-09-04 | Henter Mathias | Internal combustion engine |
US1992328A (en) * | 1930-09-25 | 1935-02-26 | Sulzer Ag | Double-acting two-stroke internal combustion engine |
US1899217A (en) * | 1931-02-25 | 1933-02-28 | Continental Motors Corp | Internal combustion engine |
US2206332A (en) * | 1936-11-28 | 1940-07-02 | Radelet | Internal combustion engine |
CH249217A (de) * | 1944-08-03 | 1947-06-15 | Sulzer Ag | Verfahren zur Unterdrückung von Schwingungen an Abschlussorganen, die vom Strom des Fördermittels gesteuert sind, und Vorrichtung zur Ausführung des Verfahrens. |
CH286629A (de) * | 1949-09-05 | 1952-10-31 | Birnstiel Eduard | Zweitaktmotor. |
US2704056A (en) * | 1950-06-07 | 1955-03-15 | Burmeister & Wains Mot Mask | Two stroke engines having longitudinal scavenging |
DE3838684C1 (en) * | 1988-11-15 | 1990-04-19 | Compart Kompressorenteile Gmbh & Co Kg, 2390 Flensburg, De | Valve, particularly for compressors or vacuum pumps |
US5158046A (en) * | 1991-10-02 | 1992-10-27 | Rucker Richard D | Two-stroke cycle engine having linear gear drive |
-
1994
- 1994-05-18 FR FR9406045A patent/FR2720102B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-05-17 DE DE69501737T patent/DE69501737T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-05-17 JP JP7529422A patent/JPH10500189A/ja active Pending
- 1995-05-17 US US08/737,632 patent/US5894821A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-05-17 WO PCT/FR1995/000639 patent/WO1995031634A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1995-05-17 EP EP95920147A patent/EP0760054B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-17 RU RU96123922A patent/RU2139994C1/ru active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0760054A1 (fr) | 1997-03-05 |
FR2720102A1 (fr) | 1995-11-24 |
DE69501737T2 (de) | 1998-10-22 |
DE69501737D1 (de) | 1998-04-09 |
US5894821A (en) | 1999-04-20 |
FR2720102B1 (fr) | 1996-07-19 |
RU2139994C1 (ru) | 1999-10-20 |
WO1995031634A1 (fr) | 1995-11-23 |
JPH10500189A (ja) | 1998-01-06 |
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