EP0752572A1 - Gefechtskopf mit Hohlladung und mit einem solchem Gefechtskopf versehene Munition - Google Patents

Gefechtskopf mit Hohlladung und mit einem solchem Gefechtskopf versehene Munition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0752572A1
EP0752572A1 EP96401342A EP96401342A EP0752572A1 EP 0752572 A1 EP0752572 A1 EP 0752572A1 EP 96401342 A EP96401342 A EP 96401342A EP 96401342 A EP96401342 A EP 96401342A EP 0752572 A1 EP0752572 A1 EP 0752572A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
envelope
coating
military head
head according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96401342A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0752572B1 (de
Inventor
Alain Kerdraon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0752572A1 publication Critical patent/EP0752572A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0752572B1 publication Critical patent/EP0752572B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/14—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge the symmetry axis of the hollow charge forming an angle with the longitudinal axis of the projectile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/028—Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the form of the liner

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of charge warheads formed for ammunition.
  • the coating deforms so as to constitute a core which is projected at a speed of the order of 2200 m / s towards a target.
  • Armored targets are more particularly vulnerable at the level of their upper parts, this is why it is sought to define ammunition with formed charge whose direction of action is substantially vertical.
  • an ammunition such as a rocket or a missile, which acts over the objective and which comprises a military head whose axis of action is substantially normal to the axis of the ammunition (which is also the direction of flight of the ammunition).
  • the military head having a direction of action substantially normal to the axis of the ammunition, it is not possible to give it a diameter greater than 90% of that of the ammunition.
  • the military head generally having a cylindrical envelope, when a diameter is chosen, the height of the military head is also limited by the diameter of the ammunition, and the height of the military head will be all the smaller that the chosen diameter will be larger.
  • the invention provides a military head which can be placed in a munition having a direction of action substantially normal to the axis of the ammunition, military head having a mass loading greater than that of known heads and therefore having superior efficiency.
  • One of the main advantages of the invention is that, for a given caliber of ammunition, one is practically not limited by this caliber to define an effective military head and having a direction of action substantially normal to the axis of the ammunition .
  • the subject of the invention is a military charge head formed comprising priming means and an explosive charge placed inside an envelope and in contact with a coating intended to be set in motion in a direction of action.
  • military head characterized in that the envelope is substantially cylindrical and in that the coating is arranged so that the direction of action is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the envelope, the means initiation being arranged in the vicinity of the cylindrical envelope and on the other side of the axis thereof relative to the coating.
  • the coating has a convexity directed towards the axis of the envelope. It may in particular have a double convexity, a first convexity in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the envelope and a second convexity in a plane passing through the axis of the envelope.
  • the coating has a concavity directed towards the axis of the envelope.
  • the coating will advantageously include a flat face.
  • the coating may be delimited by surfaces with straight generators which are parallel to the axis of the envelope.
  • the coating has a concave face oriented towards the outside of the military head, this face having a double concavity, a first concavity in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the envelope and a second concavity in a plane passing through the axis of the envelope.
  • the coating can be made of a material chosen from the following list: Iron, Copper, Tantalum, Nickel.
  • the envelope can advantageously be made of composite material.
  • the invention also relates to ammunition comprising such a military head and characterized in that it comprises an axis which materializes its direction of flight and in that the axis of the envelope of the military head is substantially parallel or coincident with the axis of the ammunition.
  • a known munition 1 (for example a rocket) comprises a military head 2 whose axis of action 3 is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 4 of the munition.
  • the known military head comprises a cylindrical envelope the axis of which coincides with the direction of action 3, envelope inside which is placed an explosive charge 5 which is intended to set in motion a coating 6.
  • the explosive charge 5 is initiated by a priming means 7 whose operation is controlled by a rocket 8 of the munition.
  • the rocket will be a rocket of known technology, for example a radar and / or infrared proximity rocket which will detect the overflight of a target (not shown) by munition 1.
  • Such a known munition has its effectiveness limited by the small quantity of explosive that it is possible to give to the military head, the dimensions of the latter being limited by the diameter of the body of the ammunition.
  • FIG. 2 represents a munition 1 according to the invention which differs from the previous one by the particular structure of the military head 2.
  • the military head according to the invention always has a direction of action 3 substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 4 of the munition (which materializes the direction of flight thereof).
  • the envelope which contains the explosive charge 5 no longer has a cylindrical shape here, of axis coincident with the direction of action 3, but on the contrary a cylindrical shape of axis coincident (or parallel) with the axis 4 of the ammunition.
  • Figures 3a and 3b show in more detail a first embodiment of a military head according to the invention.
  • the military head 2 comprises a cylindrical envelope 9 made for example of composite material (filament wound). This envelope has its axis substantially coincident with the longitudinal axis 4 of the munition.
  • the envelope 9 is closed at each end by plugs 10a, 10b (made of plastic or else of aluminum alloy), plugs which are made integral with the envelope 9 for example by gluing.
  • the casing 9 contains an explosive charge 5 comprising a concave cap on which a coating 6 is applied, a charge which is intended to be initiated by initiating means 7.
  • the initiating means comprise a detonator 15 as well as a generator plane wave (11a, 12,11b).
  • the initiating means 7 are arranged in the vicinity of the cylindrical casing 9 of the military head and on the other side of the axis 4 thereof relative to the coating 6.
  • This arrangement of the initiating means makes it possible to orient the detonation wave which is intended to shape the coating in a generally radial direction through the entire explosive charge.
  • the plane wave generator comprises, in a known manner, a donor explosive 11a, a receiver explosive 11b and a projected plate 12.
  • the receiver explosive comprises a concave receiving surface 14 disposed opposite the plate 12.
  • the detonator 15 is disposed substantially in the middle of the height of the casing 9 and its direction of action coincides with the direction of action 3 desired for the military head. It initiates the donor explosive 11a which causes the plate 12 to be projected into the cavity 13. The receiving explosive 11b is initiated by the impact of the plate 12.
  • the geometry of the receiving surface 14, the detonating characteristics of the donor and recipient explosives, as well as the mass and the material of which the plate 12 is made, are chosen by a person skilled in the art in such a way that the detonation wave which propagates in the explosive charge 5 is flat, parallel to the axis 4 of the envelope and perpendicular to the direction of action 3.
  • a priming with a plane wave generator is that it becomes easy to generate a projectile from a coating and this regardless of the profile of the coating used.
  • the following description will show different embodiments comprising coatings of very different shapes.
  • the coating 6 has its convexity directed towards the axis 4 of the envelope.
  • the coating 6 has a double convexity, a first convexity in a plane perpendicular to the axis 4 of the envelope and a second convexity in a plane passing through the axis of the envelope and containing the direction of action 3 .
  • the coating 6 is delimited by surfaces such that, when it is cut by planes perpendicular to the axis of the envelope 4 (or by planes parallel to the plane containing l the axis of the envelope and the direction of action 3) it has a section such that the convexity of the coating is oriented towards the axis of the envelope 4.
  • the first family of curves is that defined by the planes perpendicular to the axis 4 of the envelope.
  • the second family of curves is defined by the planes parallel to the plane containing the axis of the envelope and the direction of action 3.
  • FIG. 3b shows the traces X and Z of the sections of the covering 6 corresponding to the two planes of section XX and ZZ identified in FIG. 3a.
  • FIG. 3a also shows the curve Y corresponding to the rim 6a of the covering 6 in contact with the casing 9.
  • the shape of the receiving surface 14 of the plane wave generator has a geometric definition similar to that of the coating 6. It is a surface having a double concavity: a first concavity in a plane perpendicular to the axis 4 of the envelope and a second concavity in a plane containing the axis 4 of the envelope and the direction of action 3.
  • the thickness of the coating will preferably be chosen to increase between its peripheral rim 6a in contact with the envelope 9 and its middle part (located at the intersection of the coating and of the direction of action 3).
  • the explosive charge 5 causes the coating 6 to deform which destroys the wall of the envelope 9.
  • the mode of deformation of the coating is analogous to that encountered for the core-generating charges having a symmetry of revolution around their direction of action.
  • the covering thus forms an elongated core, the front of which is formed by the middle part of the covering and the rear by the edge of the covering. This nucleus is projected towards a target at a speed of the order of 2000 m / s.
  • the coating can be made of Iron, Copper, Tantalum, Nickel or even a non-metallic material, such as a plastic (Nylon) or glass.
  • the different components will be obtained by machining by means of numerically controlled machines which will have received by programming the parameters of the different surfaces to be executed.
  • the explosive charge and the various components of the plane wave generator are thus machined.
  • the assembly is then carried out by bonding the plane wave generator, the coating and the load, then the assembly is placed inside the cylindrical envelope 9.
  • the closure plugs 10a and 10b are fixed last. , as well as the detonator 15.
  • Such a load has a power analogous to that of a core-generating charge which is cylindrical with an axis coinciding with the direction of action and of diameter 130 to 140mm.
  • this latter charge cannot be placed in the envisaged ammunition which can only receive a cylindrical charge of 80mm in maximum diameter.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to equip a given munition with a military head having a power increased by almost 100%.
  • Figures 4a and 4b show a second embodiment of a military head according to the invention.
  • the military head 2 again comprises a cylindrical envelope 9 made for example of composite material and whose axis is substantially coincident with the longitudinal axis 4 of the munition.
  • the envelope 9 is closed at each end by plugs 10a, 10b which are made integral with the envelope for example by gluing.
  • the priming means comprise a detonator 15 as well as a plane wave generator (11a, 12,11b).
  • This embodiment differs from the previous one in that the coating 6 is disposed against the envelope 9, and its concavity is directed towards the axis 4 of the envelope.
  • This coating is delimited by surfaces with straight generators which are parallel to the axis of the envelope, it is therefore easier to manufacture than the coating previously described with reference to FIGS. 3a, 3b.
  • the outer surface of the coating 6 is here applied against the inner surface of the envelope, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the military head and the envelope protects the coating.
  • the thickness of the coating is again chosen to increase between its rectilinear edges 6a, 6b and its middle part (located at the intersection of the coating and of the direction of action 3).
  • This military head is equipped with a plane wave generator which has the same structure as that described above with reference to FIGS. 3a, 3b.
  • the initiation of the explosive charge 5 will cause the deformation of the coating 6 which destroys the wall of the envelope 9; the lateral edges 6a and 6b of the covering are projected in the directions 16a and 16b and meet substantially at the level of a plane defined by the axis 4 and the direction 3, and in front of the central part of the covering.
  • the coating thus forms an elongated core "in the form of a wedge or an ax iron" which is projected towards a target at a speed of the order of 2000 m / s.
  • the coating can be made of Iron, Copper, Tantalum, Nickel or even a non-metallic material, such as a plastic (Nylon) or glass.
  • the second embodiment of the invention makes it possible to use a higher coating mass as well as a greater quantity of explosive.
  • the power of this military head is therefore potentially greater than that of the head according to the embodiment of FIGS. 3a, 3b.
  • the wedge-shaped core which it generates has a certain width (of the order of the length of the envelope) and its aerodynamic stability is less. The distance of action of this military head is therefore reduced.
  • the military head according to the first embodiment makes it possible to generate a core whose geometry is more compact and closer to that of a bar (width or radial dimension less than the length of the envelope 9), its stability in flight is therefore better and the shooting can be carried out at greater distances from the target.
  • Figures 5a and 5b show a third embodiment of a military head according to the invention.
  • the starting means 7 again comprise a plane wave generator (11a, 12,11b).
  • This mode differs from the previous one by the shape of the coating 6 which here has a flat face 6p in contact with the explosive.
  • the advantage of such a variant is that it simplifies the machining of the explosive and of the coating.
  • the coating is attached to the explosive by gluing.
  • the thickness of the coating is again chosen to increase between its rectilinear edges 6a 6b and its middle part (located at the intersection of the coating and of the direction of action 3). The thickness is also increasing between the edges 6c and 6d in contact with the end plugs 10a, 10b and the middle part of the coating.
  • the coating has a flat face (6p) and a 6th face having a double convexity: a convexity in a plane perpendicular to the axis 4 of the envelope and a second convexity in a plane passing through the axis 4 of the envelope and containing the direction of action 3.
  • the coating deforms in a manner similar to that of the coating of Figures 4a, 4b.
  • the lateral edges 6a and 6b of the covering are projected in the directions 16a and 16b and meet substantially at a plane defined by the axis 4 and the direction 3 and in front of the central part of the covering.
  • the coating thus forms an elongated core "in the form of a wedge or an ax iron" which is projected towards a target at a speed of the order of 2000 m / s.
  • the coating can be made of Iron, Copper, Tantalum, Nickel or even a non-metallic material, such as a plastic (Nylon) or glass.
  • FIGS. 6a and 6b partially show a variant of this embodiment in which it is the biconvex face 6e which is in contact with the explosive 5.
  • Figures 7a and 7b show a fourth embodiment of a military head according to the invention.
  • the priming means 7 again include a plane wave generator (11a, 12,11b) and will not be described in more detail.
  • the coating 6 has a flat face 6p in contact with the explosive charge 5, which simplifies machining.
  • the other face of the coating has a concave surface 6e whose concavity is oriented towards the outside of the military head 1.
  • This surface has a double concavity. It has a first concavity in a plane perpendicular to the axis 4 of the envelope and a second concavity in a plane passing through the axis of the envelope.
  • the coating 6 is delimited here by surfaces such that, when it is cut by planes perpendicular to the axis of the envelope 4 (or by planes parallel to the plane containing the axis of the envelope and the direction of action 3) it has a section such that the concavity of the 6th face is oriented towards the outside of the envelope 4.
  • the first family of curves is that defined by the planes perpendicular to the axis 4 of the envelope.
  • the second family of curves is defined by the planes parallel to the plane containing the axis of the envelope and the direction of action 3.
  • FIG. 7b shows the traces X and Z of the sections of the covering 6 corresponding to the two planes of section XX and ZZ identified in FIG. 7a.
  • FIG. 7a also shows the curve Y corresponding to the rim 6a of the covering 6 in contact with the casing 9.
  • the coating 6 has a thickness which decreases from its periphery furthest from the direction of action towards a central part closest to the direction of action.
  • This military head therefore makes it possible to generate an elongated projectile whose configuration is similar to that of a hollow charge jet.
  • This jet has a front part (jet head) animated with a speed between 2500 m / s and 3500 m / s (formed by the central part of the coating) and followed by a slower core (1500 to 2500 m / s) formed by the peripheral part of the coating.
  • this military head has perforation capacities which are higher than those of the previous embodiments. However, it should only be initiated at a reduced distance from the target (less than 100 times the diameter of the military head).
  • the coating can be made of Iron, Copper, Tantalum, Nickel or even a non-metallic material, such as a plastic (Nylon) or glass.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
EP96401342A 1995-07-07 1996-06-20 Gefechtskopf mit Hohlladung und mit einem solchem Gefechtskopf versehene Munition Expired - Lifetime EP0752572B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9508246 1995-07-07
FR9508246A FR2736424B1 (fr) 1995-07-07 1995-07-07 Tete militaire a charge formee

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0752572A1 true EP0752572A1 (de) 1997-01-08
EP0752572B1 EP0752572B1 (de) 2000-07-12

Family

ID=9480797

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96401342A Expired - Lifetime EP0752572B1 (de) 1995-07-07 1996-06-20 Gefechtskopf mit Hohlladung und mit einem solchem Gefechtskopf versehene Munition

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5801323A (de)
EP (1) EP0752572B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69609252T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2149436T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2736424B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3034990B1 (de) 2014-12-19 2018-09-19 Diehl Defence GmbH & Co. KG Geschoss

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2771166B1 (fr) * 1997-11-20 1999-12-17 Giat Ind Sa Projectile ayant une direction d'action radiale
FR2848657B1 (fr) * 2002-12-13 2005-01-28 Tda Armements Sas Charge generatrice de noyau
US7921775B1 (en) 2006-08-29 2011-04-12 Raytheon Company Warhead booster explosive lens
IL222989A (en) * 2012-11-12 2016-02-29 Israel Aerospace Ind Ltd Combat head
DE102019001597B3 (de) 2019-03-07 2020-07-30 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH Wirksystem für einen Flugkörper

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US397527A (en) * 1889-02-12 Steam or hot-water radiator
GB2006400A (en) * 1977-10-18 1979-05-02 Aerospatiale Overhead attack missile
GB2107032A (en) * 1981-10-01 1983-04-20 Serat Explosive devices
EP0159389A2 (de) * 1983-10-11 1985-10-30 Rheinmetall GmbH Mehrzweckgefechtskopf
FR2590973A1 (fr) * 1985-11-29 1987-06-05 France Etat Armement Dispositif de basculement de projectile sur trajectoire
FR2620215A1 (fr) * 1987-09-03 1989-03-10 France Etat Armement Projectile gyrostabilise a effets diriges
DE3906098A1 (de) * 1988-02-29 1989-09-07 Deutsch Franz Forsch Inst Hohlladungsgeschoss fuer den angriff im ueberflug
DE8808606U1 (de) * 1988-07-05 1989-11-02 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Munition, insbesondere Mörsermunition
FR2632394A1 (fr) * 1986-07-24 1989-12-08 France Etat Armement Charge explosive generatrice de noyau
EP0477799A1 (de) * 1990-09-26 1992-04-01 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Antenne für Zünder-Näherungsdetektor für Geschosse mit explosionsgeformten Subgeschossen

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US3913488A (en) * 1973-09-17 1975-10-21 Us Army Ballistic disc
US4297946A (en) * 1978-12-05 1981-11-03 Paton Boris E Extended shaped charge and method of making same
FR2672380B1 (fr) * 1983-08-18 1993-12-31 Commissariat A Energie Atomique Charge formee a hautes performances.
DE3531412A1 (de) * 1985-09-03 1987-03-12 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Hohlladung
DE3843432C2 (de) * 1988-12-23 1996-07-11 Diehl Gmbh & Co Gefechtskopf für einen nicht-ballistischen Flugkörper
DE3920017A1 (de) * 1989-06-20 1991-01-10 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Gefechtskopf zum bekaempfen von seezielen
US5349908A (en) * 1993-02-01 1994-09-27 Nuclear Metals, Inc. Explosively forged elongated penetrator
USH1504H (en) * 1995-02-21 1995-12-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Anti-armor warhead assembly
US5524546A (en) * 1995-06-30 1996-06-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Breeching device

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US397527A (en) * 1889-02-12 Steam or hot-water radiator
GB2006400A (en) * 1977-10-18 1979-05-02 Aerospatiale Overhead attack missile
GB2107032A (en) * 1981-10-01 1983-04-20 Serat Explosive devices
EP0159389A2 (de) * 1983-10-11 1985-10-30 Rheinmetall GmbH Mehrzweckgefechtskopf
FR2590973A1 (fr) * 1985-11-29 1987-06-05 France Etat Armement Dispositif de basculement de projectile sur trajectoire
FR2632394A1 (fr) * 1986-07-24 1989-12-08 France Etat Armement Charge explosive generatrice de noyau
FR2620215A1 (fr) * 1987-09-03 1989-03-10 France Etat Armement Projectile gyrostabilise a effets diriges
DE3906098A1 (de) * 1988-02-29 1989-09-07 Deutsch Franz Forsch Inst Hohlladungsgeschoss fuer den angriff im ueberflug
DE8808606U1 (de) * 1988-07-05 1989-11-02 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Munition, insbesondere Mörsermunition
EP0477799A1 (de) * 1990-09-26 1992-04-01 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Antenne für Zünder-Näherungsdetektor für Geschosse mit explosionsgeformten Subgeschossen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3034990B1 (de) 2014-12-19 2018-09-19 Diehl Defence GmbH & Co. KG Geschoss

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5801323A (en) 1998-09-01
FR2736424A1 (fr) 1997-01-10
DE69609252D1 (de) 2000-08-17
EP0752572B1 (de) 2000-07-12
ES2149436T3 (es) 2000-11-01
FR2736424B1 (fr) 1997-08-08
DE69609252T2 (de) 2001-02-08

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