EP0752479B1 - Verfahren zum Zwischenabschrecken von von aus einem Lösungs-Glühofen kommenden Leichtmetall-Gussstücken - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Zwischenabschrecken von von aus einem Lösungs-Glühofen kommenden Leichtmetall-Gussstücken Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0752479B1 EP0752479B1 EP96107837A EP96107837A EP0752479B1 EP 0752479 B1 EP0752479 B1 EP 0752479B1 EP 96107837 A EP96107837 A EP 96107837A EP 96107837 A EP96107837 A EP 96107837A EP 0752479 B1 EP0752479 B1 EP 0752479B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- water
- castings
- air
- approximately
- accordance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
- B05B1/20—Perforated pipes or troughs, e.g. spray booms; Outlet elements therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B9/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour
- B05B9/03—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material
- B05B9/035—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material to several spraying apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
Definitions
- the invention is based on a method for heat treatment of light metal castings according to the preamble of claim 1, as is common in industrial practice.
- EP 546 210 A1 be a combined process for pyrolytic destruction the cores, for core sand regeneration and for glowing the castings in a common, uniform treatment step in an oven with subsequent quenching of the castings in one Water bath describes.
- the resulting Vapor layer again and again through newly entering water renewed, whereas in areas with quasi stagnant water there is a more or less stable vapor barrier between the workpiece surface and can form a water bath, which is quick Prevents heat flow from the workpiece into the water bath.
- the bath temperature is - usually by adding fresh water - Stabilized at about 30 to 70 ° C.
- the castings due to a sufficiently long stay in the quenching bath up to about bath temperature, so up to about 30 to 70 ° C quenched to ensure that even at the Adequate deterrence has been achieved in unfavorable places.
- the castings must therefore be quenched for the subsequent one Outsource again in an energy-intensive manner Aging temperature.
- the object of the invention is that of the generic type Heat treatment process of light metal castings with regard on the result of the heat treatment and on the operating costs to optimize.
- FR-OS 2 223 463 deals with the quenching of cylindrical, extruded aluminum billet after about six hours Homogenization annealing in an oven at about 565 ° C.
- the billets were about 20 to 25 cm in diameter after continuous casting to manageable lengths of about 8 each m length divided.
- the conveyed across the annealing furnace Sticks emerge from the side of the furnace after glowing and are immediately one after the other in the longitudinal direction placed in a quenching chamber. In it they should still hot glowing billets quickly and, above all, evenly quenched so that the sticks don't warp.
- One should Cooling to about 148 ° C can be achieved in at least 10 minutes.
- the billets are placed on a roller conveyor in the quenching chamber concentrically through with prismatic waisted conveyor rollers several circular nozzle rings arranged one behind the other conveyed through at a defined conveying speed.
- the nozzle rings are tight on the circumference with the inside directed nozzles with which water atomizes and on the stick is aimed. Due to a dense nozzle arrangement the circumference of the billet should be sprayed as evenly as possible can.
- the sprayed quench water is in the closed Quench chamber caught and in a level-controlled sump collected. Steam generated is at its highest via a chimney place the quench water withdrawn.
- the heat treatment plant for light metal castings shown in Figure 1, preferably cylinder heads for reciprocating engines, consists of a solution annealing furnace 2, an adjoining one Quenching device 3 and one in the transport direction subsequent aging furnace 4.
- the light metal castings after solidification and shaping in the Solution annealing furnace entered, for example as a piercing furnace can be trained. There the parts are heated to around 530 ° C and for a certain time, for example four hours long annealed at this temperature.
- the solution annealing furnace expediently in the form of a combined treatment furnace according to EP 546 cited at the beginning 210 A1 can be formed in which the workpieces not only can be solution annealed, but also in the sand cores pyrolytically destroyed and the core composite completely in free-flowing Sand is dissolved. So the castings don't need to be cooled and gutted beforehand; rather, the residual casting heat be used for heating to the annealing temperature, which not only saves heating time, but also heating energy can be. When using such a process-combining After the glow, the castings come cored and already largely sanded out of the oven.
- the castings can be brought to room temperature in the open air be cooled. It should be emphasized here that the In principle, parts remain dry during quenching, especially the sand falling off the castings is also dry is. If core sand does not remain in the cavities of the castings, but trickles out of the castings, he collects itself down in the ovens and must be removed from there from time to time become.
- the quenching device shown in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3 3 is structured as follows: It is a through Sheets enclosed treatment room 11 created in which one Introduces roller conveyor 12, which carries and supports the castings.
- the rollers can be driven by a roller drive 22 become.
- To the castings 1 from a lateral migration of to stop the roller conveyor 12 are on both sides of the roller conveyor Side guide plates 23 attached.
- On the front and back of the Each treatment room has a lifting door 13 attached through it a lifting drive, no longer shown, automatically and program-controlled can be opened or closed.
- To be able to clear out time are cleaning covers on the side of the treatment room 21 attached.
- To clear the sand from the bottom of the Treatment room to remove the remains is easier the bottom provided with a drain pipe 24 through which scraped together Sand can be let out.
- an air supply fan 14 attached, through which air is sucked in at room temperature and blown into the treatment room at high circulation speed can be.
- the air in the treatment room is inside Air baffles 15 attached.
- an upper level of spray nozzles 19 attached to a ring line 16 are connected and supplied with water from there become. This water is very finely dusted through the nozzles and passed into the air flowing past.
- a lower level of Spray nozzles are placed a short distance above the castings.
- there are two longitudinal lines 17 and several, connecting the longitudinal lines crosswise like a ladder Cross lines 18 are provided, which in turn cover the entire area distributed spray nozzles 19 wear. They spray it supplied water directly onto the castings 1.
- This design of the quenching means the castings individually and locally from all sides with finely sprayed Water, i.e. sprayed with a mixture of air and water.
- the water in the air is almost finer in form Droplets suspended.
- the droplets appear on the hot Castings the water is evaporated and it becomes the heat of vaporization exploited as latent cooling heat.
- This kind of Cooling is a careful but still sufficient rapid deterrence achieved.
- the deterrent is local very evenly and can - as I said - up to certain Temperatures of the workpieces are driven, so that residual heat left over and used for the subsequent outsourcing can be.
- About 1500 to 5000 m 3 / h, preferably about 4000 m 3 / h of air are conveyed into the treatment room 11 via the air supply 5 and the air supply blower 14 and about 0.25 to 1 liter, preferably 0.5 liters of water per kg of casting material about 12 to 24 bar injected into the supplied air. This enables a cooling rate of around 280 to 320 ° C per minute to be achieved.
- the method is intended in particular for quenching cylinder heads for reciprocating engines.
- the air blown into the treatment room must be together with the steam from this treatment room be transported away quickly.
- a short circuit the air flow from the air supply fan 14 to the Avoiding steam exhaust fans 20 are already between the two mentioned air baffles 15 attached.
- the capacitor 7 becomes condensation energy via cold air from the cooling air line 10 fed.
- the air heated in the condenser becomes also blow outside. Due to the recondensation of the Quench water can be about 75 to 95%, preferably about 90% of water can be used again. The rest of the water will carried with the air outside via the air discharge line 9.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- schematisch und in Seitenansicht eine Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung von Leichtmetall-Gußstücken sowie
- Fig. 2 und 3
- in vergrößerter Darstellung einen in Vorschubrichtung (Figur 2) und einen quer zur Vorschubrichtung (Figur 3) genommenen Vertikalschnitt durch die Einrichtung zum Abschrecken der Gußstücke.
Claims (8)
- Verfahren zum Wärmebehandeln von Leichtmetall-Gußstücken, bei dem diese nach dem Erstarren und Ausformen aber noch mit den Kernen aus der Gieß-Restwärme heraus in einem Ofen zum Lösungsglühen auf etwa 530°C erwärmt und eine gewisse Zeit geglüht werden, bei dem die Gußstücke nach dem Lösungsglühen abgeschreckt und anschließend in einem Auslagerungsofen eine gewisse Zeit lang bei etwa 170 bis 210°C ausgelagert und danach auf Raumtemperatur abgekühlt werden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Gußstücke (1) zum Abschrecken einzeln mittels eines Gemisches aus Luft und Wasser lediglich auf etwa 130 bis 160°C abgeschreckt werden,daß die Gußstücke (1) bei Abschrecktemperatur unter Ausnutzung der Restwärme in den Auslagerungsofen (4) eingegeben werden.wobei das Luft/Wasser-Gemisch nebelfein verdüst und zwangskonvektiv allseits auf die Gußstücke (1) verteilt wird und/ oderwobei das Luft/Wasser-Gemisch nebelfein allseits verteilt auf die Gußstücke (1) aufgedüst wird und - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Abschrecken mittels des Luft/Wasser-Gemisches, bei dem das Wasser in der Luft in Form nebelfeiner Tröpfchen suspendiert ist, in einem zwar abgeschlossenen aber gut zwangskonvektiv durchlüfteten Behandlungsraum (11) unter Ausnutzung der Verdampfungswärme des Wassers als latenter Kühlwärme in der Weise erfolgt, daß der gebildete Wasserdampf laufend abgezogen wird und die Gußstücke trocken bleiben. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der entstehende und von den Gußstücken (1) fortgetragene Wasserdampf in einen Kondensationsraum (7) aufgefangen, dort kondensiert und das Kondenswasser zur Befeuchtung des Luft/ Wasser-Gemisches zurückgeleitet (8) wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß als Gußstücke (1) Zylinderköpfe für Hubkolbenmotoren abgeschreckt werden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß mit einem zwangskonvektivem Luftstrom zum Forttragen des Wasserdampfes im Bereich von 1500 bis 5000 m3/h, vorzugsweise von etwa 4000 m3/h gearbeitet wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Gußstücke (1) in etwa 1 Minute von etwa 520 °C auf etwa 180 °C abgeschreckt werden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß etwa 0,25 bis 1 Liter, vorzugsweise etwa 0,5 Liter Wasser je kg Gußwerkstoff als luftsuspendierter Wassernebel zum Abschrekken der Gußstücke (1) eingesetzt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das durch das Abschrecken verdampfte Wasser zu etwa 75 bis 95 %, vorzugsweise etwa 90 % rekondensiert und erneut verdüst wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19524176 | 1995-07-03 | ||
| DE19524176A DE19524176C1 (de) | 1995-07-03 | 1995-07-03 | Verfahren zum Zwischenabschrecken von aus einem Lösungs-Glühofen kommenden Leichtmetall-Gußstücken |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0752479A1 EP0752479A1 (de) | 1997-01-08 |
| EP0752479B1 true EP0752479B1 (de) | 2001-07-04 |
Family
ID=7765876
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96107837A Expired - Lifetime EP0752479B1 (de) | 1995-07-03 | 1996-05-17 | Verfahren zum Zwischenabschrecken von von aus einem Lösungs-Glühofen kommenden Leichtmetall-Gussstücken |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5788784A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0752479B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE19524176C1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2161316T3 (de) |
| HU (1) | HU218799B (de) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015013169B3 (de) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-01-26 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung eines Leichtmetall- Bauteils |
| DE102016007450A1 (de) | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-21 | Audi Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Temperierung eines Gussteils |
| DE102020129435A1 (de) | 2020-11-09 | 2022-05-12 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken von Metallbauteilen |
Families Citing this family (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6224693B1 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 2001-05-01 | Tenedora Nemak, S.A. De C.V. | Method and apparatus for simplified production of heat treatable aluminum alloy castings with artificial self-aging |
| DE10016187C2 (de) * | 2000-03-31 | 2002-05-08 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von Gußteilen aus Aluminium,insbesondere von Zylinderköpfen |
| JP2004515655A (ja) * | 2000-12-14 | 2004-05-27 | テネドーラ ネマク エス.エー.デ シー.ヴイ. | 熱処理可能なアルミニウム合金鋳物の人工自己時効による簡略化された製造方法および製造装置 |
| DE10141510A1 (de) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-13 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Leichtmetall-Felgen |
| DE10330400A1 (de) * | 2003-07-04 | 2005-01-20 | Alutec-Belte Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken eines Gussteils |
| EP1582600A1 (de) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-05 | Fata Aluminium S.p.A. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen von Gussstücken |
| US20060054294A1 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-03-16 | Crafton Scott P | Short cycle casting processing |
| CN101460473A (zh) | 2006-04-03 | 2009-06-17 | 药物热化学品公司 | 热提取方法和产物 |
| DE102006049869A1 (de) * | 2006-10-23 | 2008-04-24 | Bdw Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung eines Gussbauteils |
| US7905990B2 (en) | 2007-11-20 | 2011-03-15 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Rapid thermal conversion of biomass |
| US20110284359A1 (en) | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-24 | Uop Llc | Processes for controlling afterburn in a reheater and for controlling loss of entrained solid particles in combustion product flue gas |
| US8499702B2 (en) | 2010-07-15 | 2013-08-06 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Char-handling processes in a pyrolysis system |
| US9441887B2 (en) | 2011-02-22 | 2016-09-13 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Heat removal and recovery in biomass pyrolysis |
| US9347005B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2016-05-24 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material |
| US9044727B2 (en) | 2011-09-22 | 2015-06-02 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material |
| US10400175B2 (en) | 2011-09-22 | 2019-09-03 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material |
| US10041667B2 (en) | 2011-09-22 | 2018-08-07 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Apparatuses for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material and methods for the same |
| US9109177B2 (en) | 2011-12-12 | 2015-08-18 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Systems and methods for renewable fuel |
| US9670413B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2017-06-06 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for thermally converting biomass |
| WO2014210150A1 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Systems and methods for renewable fuel |
| DE102014108471A1 (de) * | 2014-06-17 | 2015-12-17 | Brp-Engineering Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken von Werkstücken |
| CN107075598A (zh) | 2014-09-18 | 2017-08-18 | 联合工程公司 | 用于淬火铸件的系统和方法 |
| WO2016201036A1 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2016-12-15 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | System and method for improving quench air flow |
| WO2017034981A1 (en) | 2015-08-21 | 2017-03-02 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Liquid biomass heating system |
| MY193949A (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2022-11-02 | Ensyn Renewables Inc | Demetallization Of Liquid Biomass |
| CN108044074A (zh) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-05-18 | 上海理工大学 | 铝合金压铸件多介质风冷装置 |
| CN110064745A (zh) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-30 | 夏成雷 | 一种铸造件隔离冷却装置 |
| DE102019205724A1 (de) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-10-22 | Sms Group Gmbh | Kühlvorrichtung für nahtlose Stahlrohre |
| CN113547107A (zh) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-26 | 温州市开诚机械有限公司 | 一种汽轮机铸钢件生产用冷却装置 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE1558798B2 (de) * | 1967-04-24 | 1977-03-03 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd., Chippis (Schweiz) | Verfahren zur kuehlung von eine temperatur von ueber 371 grad c aufweisenden formkoerpern aus kupfer, aluminium oder legierungen dieser metalle |
| NO135672C (de) * | 1972-11-21 | 1977-05-11 | Prolizenz Ag | |
| ZA741559B (en) * | 1973-03-26 | 1975-02-26 | Nat Southwire Aluminum | Method and apparatus for continuosly homogenizing and quenching aluminium billets |
| US3997376A (en) * | 1974-06-19 | 1976-12-14 | Midland-Ross Corporation | Spray mist cooling method |
| FR2493345A1 (fr) * | 1980-11-05 | 1982-05-07 | Pechiney Aluminium | Methode de trempe interrompue des alliages a base d'aluminium |
| JPS60170567A (ja) * | 1984-02-13 | 1985-09-04 | Topy Ind Ltd | アルミホイールの水ミスト冷却鋳造法 |
| JPH01287256A (ja) * | 1988-05-12 | 1989-11-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 高力アルミニウム合金の焼入れ法 |
| FR2634866B1 (fr) * | 1988-07-26 | 1990-10-19 | Thierry Dimier Traitements The | Procede et dispositif pour la recuperation d'un fluide en vue de sa reutilisation |
| US5354038A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1994-10-11 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Heat treatment of metal castings and in-furnace sand reclamation |
| US5294094A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1994-03-15 | Consolidated Engineering Company | Method and apparatus for heat treating metal castings |
| US5350160A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1994-09-27 | Consolidated Engineering Company | Method and apparatus for heat treating metal castings |
| ZA908728B (en) * | 1989-11-23 | 1991-08-28 | Alusuisse Lonza Services Ag | Cooling of cast billets |
| ES2107438T5 (es) * | 1991-05-24 | 2004-04-01 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Metodo y aparato para tratar termicamente piezas coladas metalicas. |
| CA2131194A1 (en) * | 1992-02-27 | 1993-09-02 | Daniel C. Wei | Method for producing a cast aluminum vehicle wheel |
-
1995
- 1995-07-03 DE DE19524176A patent/DE19524176C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-05-17 ES ES96107837T patent/ES2161316T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-17 EP EP96107837A patent/EP0752479B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-31 HU HU9601488A patent/HU218799B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-03 US US08/675,005 patent/US5788784A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015013169B3 (de) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-01-26 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung eines Leichtmetall- Bauteils |
| DE102016007450A1 (de) | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-21 | Audi Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Temperierung eines Gussteils |
| DE102016007450B4 (de) * | 2016-06-17 | 2021-07-01 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zur Temperierung eines Gussteils |
| DE102020129435A1 (de) | 2020-11-09 | 2022-05-12 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken von Metallbauteilen |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HUP9601488A2 (en) | 1997-03-28 |
| EP0752479A1 (de) | 1997-01-08 |
| US5788784A (en) | 1998-08-04 |
| HU9601488D0 (en) | 1996-07-29 |
| ES2161316T3 (es) | 2001-12-01 |
| HU218799B (hu) | 2000-12-28 |
| DE19524176C1 (de) | 1996-09-26 |
| HUP9601488A3 (en) | 1999-03-01 |
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