EP0749356A1 - Flottation a liberation de pression - Google Patents

Flottation a liberation de pression

Info

Publication number
EP0749356A1
EP0749356A1 EP95911203A EP95911203A EP0749356A1 EP 0749356 A1 EP0749356 A1 EP 0749356A1 EP 95911203 A EP95911203 A EP 95911203A EP 95911203 A EP95911203 A EP 95911203A EP 0749356 A1 EP0749356 A1 EP 0749356A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
flotation
inlet
mixture
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95911203A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lucas Menke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0749356A1 publication Critical patent/EP0749356A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/1431—Dissolved air flotation machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
    • B03D1/028—Control and monitoring of flotation processes; computer models therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/1412—Flotation machines with baffles, e.g. at the wall for redirecting settling solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/1443—Feed or discharge mechanisms for flotation tanks
    • B03D1/1462—Discharge mechanisms for the froth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/24—Pneumatic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for separating substances from a fluid by means of pressure relaxation flotation.
  • the solids to be separated are converted from the fluid into a flake-like form and the suspension which has already been pretreated in this way is further mixed with the relaxed fluid-gas mixture and then fed to a flotation tank.
  • the fluid-gas bubble mixture is then fed to a flotation tank in which the floating (flotation) of the solid-flake dressings to be separated takes place.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device or a method for pressure relief flotation which avoids the disadvantages mentioned above and has an improved separation of solids or lipophilic substances from the fluid with lower energy consumption of the entire device.
  • the main advantages of the invention are that by introducing the fluid-gas mixture into the flotation tank below the layer in which the fluid to be separated from substances flows, a more effective flotation process is brought about, especially if at least part of the ent ⁇ voltage in the mixture inlet.
  • the losses after relaxation or oversaturation can thus be kept low, or the gas bubbles formed can be used immediately for flotation.
  • the flow configuration is such that there is no turbulence which affects the flake structure of the pretreated wastewater, which ensures the lowest possible consumption of flocculation chemicals and thus reduces the environmental impact.
  • Another advantage of the invention can be seen in the fact that improved feeding of the edge areas of the flotation area can be achieved, as a result of which an overall improved separation can take place.
  • the relaxation takes place at least partially directly into the flotation tank, which
  • the advantage is that agglomeration of small gas bubbles is prevented, since the expansion does not take place, as in the conventional arrangements, before the fluid to be separated is introduced into the flotation tank. This results in an improved degree of utilization of the gas bubbles formed.
  • only part of the fluid to be separated from the substances is compressed and saturated with gas and then expanded directly in the flotation tank and used to form gas bubbles. This reduces losses in the entire flotation process.
  • the fluid inlet is arranged centrally in the lower bottom region of the flotation tank and contains an upwardly directed mouth, a guide plate being arranged above the mouth, which causes the fluid flow to be deflected in the radial direction.
  • the mixture inlet preferably has a mouth that effects an essentially radial flow exit of the fluid-gas mixture. This makes it possible to achieve a uniform distribution of the gas bubbles, in particular if the floating tank is circular.
  • the mixture inlet preferably contains either an annular pressure release element at its mouth or a plurality of pressure release elements designed as ring segments.
  • further mixture inlet openings are arranged concentrically outside the fluid inlet in the flotation tank.
  • This design is particularly suitable for large flotation containers, since the effectiveness of the flotation decreases in the radially outer container regions due to the buoyancy of the gas bubbles.
  • This disadvantage is overcome by the additional gas injection.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that a baffle for the fluid-gas mixture is arranged above the mouth of the mixture inlet. In this way, an effective introduction of the gas-fluid mixture which is relaxed as it enters the flotation area can be achieved.
  • a radial two-layer flow directed outwards from the center can be achieved in the flotation area, the lower layer essentially containing the fluid-gas mixture and the upper layer essentially containing the fluid.
  • the two-layer flow is preferably directed horizontally outwards from the center.
  • the present invention is particularly suitable for the treatment of waste water. On the other hand, other areas of application are also possible, such as in brewery.
  • the invention is not limited to the separation of solids from a liquid, but is also suitable for the removal of lipophilic components such as oils, waxes etc.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram which explains the working principle of the flotation device
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged section of FIG. 2
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view and a circumferential view of the flotation tank.
  • the fluid to be separated from solids or lipophilic substances preferably raw water 1 as shown schematically in FIG. 1 is pumped by means of a feed pump 2 via the feed line 13 into the flotation device 3, in which a separation into a solid and a liquid phase takes place, so that two partial flows arise, namely the liquid, almost solid-free clear phase 4 and the solid phase 5, which is also referred to as flotate and contains the largest proportion of solids.
  • the 'feed pump 2 may be 7 to give zuge ⁇ precipitation and / or flocculation of one or more chemicals 6, which serve, dissolved or partially dissolved, kol ⁇ loidal present and free solids in the form of flakes über ⁇ out.
  • the raw water 1 pretreated in this way is fed to the flotation device 3.
  • a fluid is introduced into a device 8, where a gas 9 is dissolved in the fluid under a pressure that is preferably well above the ambient pressure and the fluid is preferably saturated with the gas.
  • a part of the solid-free fluid which leaves the flotation device 3 via the lines 55, is preferably returned via the line 57 to the device via the valve 54.
  • water from other sources can be used instead of the clarified fluid.
  • the expansion of the fluid-gas mixture or the flow guidance is designed such that in the flotation device 3 there is a preferably horizontal two-layer flow arises; in the lower area a gas bubble flow 11 of the fluid-gas mixture, in the upper area a raw water flow 12 with the solids in flocculated form.
  • the resulting gas bubbles can attach to the solids / flakes to be separated and can be separated by floating (flotation).
  • Device 8 is preferably returned to the device 8 for gassing part of the clear phase 4 via the pump 10.
  • the outflow line 55 from the flotation device 3 is provided with a level control valve 56 in order to keep the liquid level in the flotation device 3 constant.
  • the gas-saturated volume flow which enters the flotation tank 14 via the mouth 19, is preferably about 15 to 45, particularly preferably 25 to 35% of the volume flow of the substance-laden flow 1.
  • a circular flotation tank 14 with an approximately flat bottom and vertical outer walls is preferably used as the flotation device 3.
  • the diameter and height of the flotation tank 14 are selected depending on the application, the desired degree of separation, the amount of solids and the hydraulic loading amount.
  • the following elements are arranged concentrically in the center of the flotation tank 14.
  • the feed pipe 15, through which the raw water 1 with the flocculated solids is fed, is centrally located, and the so-called mixture inlet 16 is mounted concentrically outside of it.
  • the liquid stream 17 to be saturated with gas is pumped with the aid of a pump 10 into a device 8 for gas saturation (FIG. 1), the pressure in this device 8 being above the ambient pressure lies.
  • the gas-saturated gas-fluid mixture is introduced via the concentrically arranged mixture inlet 16 while maintaining the increased process pressure, the liquid flow exiting radially outward into the round flotation tank 14 through one or more inlet elements 18 .
  • At least part of the relaxation takes place via an orifice 19 with an adjustable annular gap, while under certain circumstances a pre-relaxation device 51 shown in FIG. 1 takes place.
  • the gap opening can be adjusted by vertically shifting the inlet element 18, which can be adjusted axially via the adjusting devices 18a.
  • a plurality of relaxation chambers arranged in the form of a ring, which can also be designed as sub-segments.
  • Arranged centrally above the annular gap are one or more preferably round, plate-like or ring-like guide plates 20 which serve to convert the gas bubble flow into a radial, outward, uniform, horizontal gas bubble flow 11.
  • the guide plate 20 is fastened directly on the inlet element 18, which acts as a pressure relief element.
  • the raw water 1 is preferably supplied via a vertical, centered in the middle of the
  • Flotation tank 14 built-in inlet pipe 15, which ends above the pressure relief cell 16 or, if present, above the plate-shaped guide plate 20.
  • the vertically inflowing raw water 1 must now be converted into a radially outward flow, for this purpose in a preferred embodiment centrally above the
  • a mixing zone which is characterized in that the gas bubble flow 11 flowing horizontally outwards at the bottom mixes with the raw water flow 12 flowing outwards above it, since the gas bubble flow has a lower density. Gas bubbles adhere to the solids in flocculated form and form associations that float (float) to the surface of the liquid.
  • one or more ring relaxation elements can be installed at different distances from the center, which can be designed as segmented ring elements at a greater distance.
  • the floating solids form on the surface a sludge or so-called flotate layer 23, which is discharged by a skimmer and collected in a centrally placed sludge container 24, which is emptied via a vertically downward down pipe 25.
  • a scoop mechanism shown in FIG. 2 is mounted in a circumferential frame construction 26.
  • a so-called rotating flotate scoop 31 is used to discharge the flotate layer 23.
  • the axis of rotation of the flotate scoop 31 is inclined slightly towards the center, where a sludge container 24 is located.
  • a tube 32 is used as the axis, to which two spiral blades 33 are fastened so that after the flotate layer 23 has been skimmed off, the latter reaches the sludge tank 24 via the tube 32.
  • the speed of rotation of the float scoop 31 is in a fixed relationship to the circumferential speed of the frame construction 26, the spiral blade speed being set such that the engagement or scooping of the spiral blade 33 begins where another spiral blade 33 previously scoops the scoop has ended.
  • a floor scraper 35 is attached to the circumferential frame construction 26, which clears the heavy dirt separated by sedimentation into a sediment trough from which the heavy dirt is drawn off or flushed out via a time-controlled drain valve.
  • an outer vertical outer wall 39 of the flotation system is provided in the lower region with horizontal slot-like openings 40.
  • On the outside of the slotted container wall there are one or more collecting vessels 41 with collecting tubes 42, via which the clear water is discharged from the flotation tank 14.
  • the slot-like openings 40 in the outer wall 39 of the flotation tank 14 being designed in such a way that a uniform drainage over the entire circumference of the outer wall 39 is ensured.
  • the openings 40 in the outer wall 39 have a larger cross section, the further they are removed from the respective manifold 42.
  • the number of openings 40 can be determined accordingly.
  • further mixture inlets 50 can be arranged radially outside the actual mixture inlet in order to maintain the increased gas bubble concentration in the edge region of the flotation tank 14 as well.
  • These further mixture inlets 50 can be part of an annular feed element or, as shown in FIG. 4, can be designed as individual elements.
  • the additional mixture inlets 50 are advantageously also designed as throttling points for the direct expansion of the fluid-gas mixture into the flotation tank 14.
  • a pre-expansion device 51 can be arranged in the line from the gas generating device 8 to the mixture inlet, which causes a partial relaxation. It is advantageous if the pre-expansion device 51 shown as a throttle point is designed as a turbine, which is coupled to the pump 10 via a shaft. As a result, the power required to operate the pump can be considerably reduced. It is expedient here to branch off behind the pre-expansion device 51 to supply the above-mentioned additional mixture inlets 50.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Fish Paste Products (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un système pour la séparation de substances d'un milieu liquide par flottation à libération de pression. Ledit dispositif comporte une cuve de flottation (14) présentant au moins une entrée de liquide fixe (15) et au moins une entrée de mélange (16) pour un mélange liquide/gaz, l'entrée de mélange (16) comprenant un élément de libération de pression (19) conçu pour au moins envoyer le mélange liquide/gaz directement dans la cuve de flottation (14), et l'entrée de mélange étant située au-dessous de l'entrée de liquide centrée (15) dans la cuve (14). L'avantage principal de l'invention réside dans le fait que la libération du mélange directement dans la cuve de flottation, au-dessous du niveau d'entrée du liquide contenant les substances à séparer, permet d'améliorer l'efficacité du procédé de flottation. Les pertes après la libération sont faibles et les bulles de gaz produites sont utilisées immédiatement pour la flottation.
EP95911203A 1994-02-25 1995-02-27 Flottation a liberation de pression Withdrawn EP0749356A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4406239A DE4406239C1 (de) 1994-02-25 1994-02-25 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Trennung von Substanzen aus einem Fluid mittels Druckentspannungsflotation
DE4406239 1994-02-25
PCT/DE1995/000272 WO1995023027A1 (fr) 1994-02-25 1995-02-27 Flottation a liberation de pression

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0749356A1 true EP0749356A1 (fr) 1996-12-27

Family

ID=6511258

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95911203A Withdrawn EP0749356A1 (fr) 1994-02-25 1995-02-27 Flottation a liberation de pression

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5525238A (fr)
EP (1) EP0749356A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1888995A (fr)
DE (2) DE4406239C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995023027A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2831689C2 (ru) * 2020-07-31 2024-12-11 Румен КАЛТЧЕВ Самоочищающееся устройство снижения давления

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FI95211C (fi) * 1994-04-05 1996-01-10 Wiser Oy Menetelmä ja laitteisto flotaatiolaitokseen tai vastaavaan johdettavan puhdistettavan nestevirtauksen käsittelemiseksi
FI101048B (fi) * 1995-03-10 1998-04-15 Usf Aquaflow Oy Dispersiovesisuutin
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DE19724460A1 (de) * 1997-06-10 1999-03-04 Kuehnle Kopp Kausch Ag Gasentspannungsturbine für kleine Leistungen
DE19958621B4 (de) * 1998-12-09 2006-10-12 H & G Abwassertechnik Gmbh Grauwasseraufbereitungsanlage
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US20080241070A1 (en) * 2000-09-21 2008-10-02 Elan Pharma International Ltd. Fenofibrate dosage forms
US7276249B2 (en) * 2002-05-24 2007-10-02 Elan Pharma International, Ltd. Nanoparticulate fibrate formulations
US20070264348A1 (en) * 2002-05-24 2007-11-15 Elan Pharma International, Ltd. Nanoparticulate fibrate formulations
RU2007132868A (ru) 2005-02-01 2009-03-10 Дзе Юниверсити Оф Ньюкасл Рисерч Ассошиэйтс Лимитед (Au) Способ и аппарат для контактирования пузырьков и частиц в системе разделения флотацией
DE102006056368A1 (de) * 2006-09-06 2008-03-27 Meri Entsorgungstechnik für die Papierindustrie GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur physikalischen Feststoffabtrennung
US7992718B1 (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-08-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Method for enhancing selectivity and recovery in the fractional flotation of particles in a flotation column
CN102639445B (zh) * 2009-09-30 2014-01-15 北京中水金水脱盐技术应用研究有限公司 液体处理系统
CH703440B1 (it) * 2010-07-12 2014-06-30 Supsi Scuola Universitaria Professionale Della Svizzera Italiana Icimsi Sistema per il trattamento delle acque reflue.
DE102010052191A1 (de) * 2010-11-24 2012-05-24 Envirochemie Gmbh Druckentspannungsflotation
US9028700B2 (en) 2012-05-15 2015-05-12 Fluid Equipment Development Company, Llc Liquid flotation system with energy recovery devices
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RU2831689C2 (ru) * 2020-07-31 2024-12-11 Румен КАЛТЧЕВ Самоочищающееся устройство снижения давления

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4406239C1 (de) 1995-06-14
US5525238A (en) 1996-06-11
AU1888995A (en) 1995-09-11
DE29503055U1 (de) 1995-06-01
WO1995023027A1 (fr) 1995-08-31

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