EP0747495B1 - Niobium containing hot rolled steel sheet with high strength and good deep-drawing properties, and process for its manufacture - Google Patents
Niobium containing hot rolled steel sheet with high strength and good deep-drawing properties, and process for its manufacture Download PDFInfo
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- EP0747495B1 EP0747495B1 EP96401007A EP96401007A EP0747495B1 EP 0747495 B1 EP0747495 B1 EP 0747495B1 EP 96401007 A EP96401007 A EP 96401007A EP 96401007 A EP96401007 A EP 96401007A EP 0747495 B1 EP0747495 B1 EP 0747495B1
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 title description 38
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 28
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 22
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000001508 sulfur Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 niobium carbides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150087698 alpha gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940082150 encore Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008373 pickled product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0426—Hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0447—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0463—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
Definitions
- HLE steels are steels microalloyed with niobium, titanium or vanadium. They have a high elastic limit, the minimum according to the grade can range from approximately 300 MPa to approximately 700 MPa, obtained thanks to a refinement of the ferritic grain and a fine hardening precipitation. However, their formability is limited, especially for the highest grades. They have a high elastic limit / tensile strength (R e / R m ) ratio.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne la sidérurgie. Plus précisément, elle concerne le domaine des tôles d'acier laminées à chaud devant présenter des propriétés élevées de résistance et d'emboutissabilité, destinées notamment à l'industrie automobile pour former des pièces de structures de véhicules.The invention relates to the steel industry. More specifically, it concerns the field hot-rolled steel sheets which should have high strength properties and drawability, especially for the automotive industry to form parts of vehicle structures.
Dans la gamme des produits plats laminés à chaud dont les propriétés mécaniques sont obtenues par laminage contrôlé sur le train à bandes, il existe diverses catégories d'aciers qui possèdent, à des degrés divers, des caractéristiques mécaniques pouvant être qualifiées d'élevées.In the range of hot rolled flat products whose properties mechanical are obtained by controlled rolling on the band train, there are various categories of steels which have, to varying degrees, mechanical characteristics which can be qualified as high.
Les aciers à haute limite élastique (dits "aciers HLE" ou "HSLA") sont des aciers microalliés au niobium, au titane ou au vanadium. Ils présentent une limite d'élasticité élevée, dont le minimum suivant le grade peut aller de 300 MPa environ à 700 MPa environ, obtenue grâce à un affinement du grain ferritique et une fine précipitation durcissante. Toutefois, leur aptitude au formage est limitée, surtout pour les plus hauts grades. Ils présentent un rapport limite élastique/résistance à la traction (Re/Rm) élevé.Steels with high elastic limit (so-called "HLE steels" or "HSLA") are steels microalloyed with niobium, titanium or vanadium. They have a high elastic limit, the minimum according to the grade can range from approximately 300 MPa to approximately 700 MPa, obtained thanks to a refinement of the ferritic grain and a fine hardening precipitation. However, their formability is limited, especially for the highest grades. They have a high elastic limit / tensile strength (R e / R m ) ratio.
Les aciers dits "double phase", ou "dual phase", ont une microstructure composée de ferrite et de martensite. La transformation ferritique est favorisée par un refroidissement rapide de la tôle, dès la fin du laminage à chaud, jusqu'à une température inférieure à Ar3, suivi par un refroidissement lent à l'air. La transformation martensitique est ensuite obtenue par un refroidissement rapide à une température inférieure à Ms. Pour un niveau de résistance donné, ces aciers ont une excellente formabilité, mais celle-ci se dégrade pour les résistances supérieures à 650 MPa, en raison de l'importante proportion de martensite qu'ils renferment.The so-called "double phase" or "dual phase" steels have a microstructure composed of ferrite and martensite. Ferritic transformation is favored by rapid cooling of the sheet, from the end of the hot rolling, to a temperature below Ar 3 , followed by slow cooling in air. The martensitic transformation is then obtained by rapid cooling to a temperature below M s . For a given resistance level, these steels have excellent formability, but this degrades for resistances greater than 650 MPa, due to the large proportion of martensite that they contain.
Les aciers dits "à haute résistance" ("HR") ont une microstructure composée de ferrite et de bainite. Leur formabilité est intermédiaire entre celle des aciers à haute limite élastique et celle des aciers double phase, mais leur soudabilité est inférieure à celles de ces deux types d'aciers. Leur résistance est limitée au grade Rm = 600 MPa, car sinon leur formabilité décroít très vite.The so-called "high strength"("HR") steels have a microstructure composed of ferrite and bainite. Their formability is intermediate between that of steels with high elastic limit and that of double-phase steels, but their weldability is lower than those of these two types of steels. Their resistance is limited to grade R m = 600 MPa, because otherwise their formability decreases very quickly.
Les aciers dits "à structure bainitique à très bas carbone" ("ULCB") ont une microstructure extrêmement fine de bainite à bas carbone composée de ferrite sous forme de lattes et de carbures. Pour l'obtenir, on inhibe la transformation ferritique par une micro-addition de bore, voire également de niobium. Ces aciers permettent d'atteindre des résistances très élevées, supérieures à 750 MPa, mais avec une formabilité et une ductilité assez faibles. Steels called "very low carbon bainitic structure" ("ULCB") have a extremely fine low carbon bainite microstructure composed of ferrite under form of slats and carbides. To obtain it, the ferritic transformation is inhibited by micro-addition of boron, or even niobium. These steels allow achieve very high resistances, greater than 750 MPa, but with a fairly low formability and ductility.
Enfin, les aciers TRIP (TRansformation Induced Plasticity) ont une microstructure composée de ferrite, de bainite et d'austénite résiduelle. Ils permettent d'atteindre des résistances très élevées, mais leur soudabilité est très faible du fait de leur teneur élevée en carbone.Finally, TRIP (TRansformation Induced Plasticity) steels have a microstructure composed of ferrite, bainite and residual austenite. They allow reach very high resistances, but their weldability is very low due to their high carbon content.
Afin d'obtenir le meilleur compromis possible entre résistance, formabilité et
également soudabilité, on a mis au point (voir le document EP 0 548 950) des aciers
pour tôles laminées à chaud dont la structure contient essentiellement de la ferrite
durcie par des précipités de carbure de titane et/ou de niobium et de la martensite,
voire également de l'austénite résiduelle. Ces aciers ont la composition, exprimée en
pourcentages pondéraux:
C ≤ 0,18 %; 0,5 ≤ Si ≤ 2,5 %; 0,5 ≤ Mn ≤2,5 %; P ≤ 0,05 %; S ≤ 0,02 %; 0,01 ≤ Al ≤
0,1%; 0,02≤Ti≤0,5% et/ou 0,03≤Nb≤1%, avec C%≥0,05 + Ti/4 + Nb/8.In order to obtain the best possible compromise between strength, formability and also weldability, we have developed (see document EP 0 548 950) hot-rolled sheet steels whose structure essentially contains ferrite hardened by precipitates of titanium carbide and / or niobium and martensite, or even residual austenite. These steels have the composition, expressed in weight percentages:
C ≤ 0.18%; 0.5 ≤ If ≤ 2.5%; 0.5 ≤ Mn ≤2.5%; P ≤ 0.05%; S ≤ 0.02%; 0.01 ≤ Al ≤ 0.1%; 0.02≤Ti≤0.5% and / or 0.03≤Nb≤1%, with C% ≥0.05 + Ti / 4 + Nb / 8.
Ces aciers ont effectivement des résistances élevées (Rm est de l'ordre de 700 MPa) et une bonne formabilité (Re/Rm est de l'ordre de 0,65). Toutefois, leur soudabilité n'est pas aussi bonne que ce que l'on souhaiterait. De plus, leur aspect de surface n'est pas satisfaisant: on constate la présence d'une catégorie de défauts appelée "tigrage" (ou "tiger stripes"). Il s'agit d'incrustations de calamine que le décapage ne permet pas d'éliminer. Ces défauts restreignent les possibilités d'utiliser les tôles pour fabriquer des pièces destinées à demeurer visibles.These steels do indeed have high strengths (R m is around 700 MPa) and good formability (R e / R m is around 0.65). However, their weldability is not as good as one would like. In addition, their surface appearance is not satisfactory: there is the presence of a category of defects called "tigrage" (or "tiger stripes"). These are scale encrustations that cannot be removed by stripping. These faults restrict the possibilities of using the sheets to manufacture parts intended to remain visible.
Le but de l'invention est de fournir aux utilisateurs de tôles d'acier laminées à chaud des produits présentant un très bon compromis entre des niveaux de résistance élevés, une formabilité satisfaisante et une bonne soudabilité, ainsi qu'un aspect de surface irréprochable.The object of the invention is to provide users of rolled steel sheets with hot products with a very good compromise between resistance levels good formability and good weldability, as well as a flawless surface.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une tôle d'acier laminée à chaud à haute résistance et haute emboutissabilité, dont la composition, exprimée en pourcentages pondéraux, est:
- C ≤ 0,12 %;
- 0,5 ≤ Mn ≤ 1,5 %;
- 0 ≤ Si ≤ 0,3 %;
- 0 ≤ P ≤ 0,1%;
- 0 ≤ S ≤ 0,05 %;
- 0,01 ≤ Al ≤ 0,1 %;
- 0 ≤ Cr ≤ 1%;
- 0,01 ≤ Nb ≤ 0,1 %
- 0 ≤ Tieff ≤ 0,05 %, Tieff étant la teneur en titane non sous forme de nitrures, de sulfures ou d'oxydes;
- reste fer et impuretés inévitables et dont la structure comprend au moins 75 % de ferrite durcie par précipitation de carbures ou de carbonitrures de niobium ou de niobium et de titane, le reste de la structure comprenant au moins 10 % de martensite et éventuellement de la bainite et de l'austénite résiduelle.
- C ≤ 0.12%;
- 0.5 ≤ Mn ≤ 1.5%;
- 0 ≤ If ≤ 0.3%;
- 0 ≤ P ≤ 0.1%;
- 0 ≤ S ≤ 0.05%;
- 0.01 ≤ Al ≤ 0.1%;
- 0 ≤ Cr ≤ 1%;
- 0.01 ≤ Nb ≤ 0.1%
- 0 ≤ Ti eff ≤ 0.05%, Ti eff being the titanium content not in the form of nitrides, sulphides or oxides;
- iron and impurities which are unavoidable and whose structure comprises at least 75% of ferrite hardened by precipitation of carbides or carbonitrides of niobium or niobium and titanium, the rest of the structure comprising at least 10% of martensite and possibly of bainite and residual austenite.
L'invention a également pour objets des procédés de fabrication de telles tôles, comme défini aux revendications 3 à 6.A subject of the invention is also methods of manufacturing such sheets, as defined in claims 3 to 6.
Comme on l'aura compris, les tôles selon l'invention se distinguent de celles connues jusqu'ici pour les mêmes usages par leur teneur sensiblement inférieure en silicium, leurs fourchettes de teneurs en niobium et titane notablement resserrées, et des exigences plus strictes sur la répartition des différentes phases de la structure. Et l'obtention de la structure, donc des propriétés recherchées pour la tôle, implique des conditions particulières lors du traitement thermique qui suit immédiatement le laminage à chaud. Leur composition et leur mode de fabrication font que ces aciers représentent, à plusieurs égards, une combinaison d'aciers HLE et d'aciers double phase.As will be understood, the sheets according to the invention are distinguished from those hitherto known for the same uses by their substantially lower content of silicon, their ranges of niobium and titanium contents significantly tightened, and stricter requirements on the distribution of the different phases of the structure. And obtaining the structure, therefore the desired properties for the sheet, involves special conditions during the heat treatment immediately following hot rolling. Their composition and manufacturing method mean that these steels represent, in several respects, a combination of HLE steels and double steels phase.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit, illustrée par la figure 1 qui montre une micrographie d'une tôle selon l'invention.The invention will be better understood on reading the following description, illustrated by Figure 1 which shows a micrograph of a sheet according to the invention.
Pour obtenir des tôles laminées à chaud selon l'invention, il faut d'abord élaborer, puis couler sous forme d'une brame, un acier comportant (tous les pourcentages sont des pourcentages pondéraux) une teneur en carbone inférieure ou égale à 0,12 %, une teneur en manganèse comprise entre 0,5 et 1,5 %, une teneur en silicium inférieure ou égale à 0,3 %, une teneur en phosphore inférieure ou égale à 0,1%, une teneur en soufre inférieure ou égale à 0,05 %, une teneur en aluminium comprise entre 0,01 et 0,1 %, une teneur en chrome inférieure ou égale à 1 %, une teneur en niobium comprise entre 0,01 et 0,10 %, et une teneur en titane efficace (on exposera plus loin ce que signifie ce terme) comprise entre 0 et 0,05 %.To obtain hot-rolled sheets according to the invention, it is first necessary elaborate, then pour in the form of a slab, a steel comprising (all percentages are percentages by weight) a lower carbon content or equal to 0.12%, a manganese content of between 0.5 and 1.5%, a content of silicon less than or equal to 0.3%, a phosphorus content less than or equal to 0.1%, sulfur content less than or equal to 0.05%, aluminum content between 0.01 and 0.1%, a chromium content less than or equal to 1%, a niobium content between 0.01 and 0.10%, and an effective titanium content (we will explain below what this term means) between 0 and 0.05%.
La brame est ensuite laminée à chaud sur un train à bandes pour former une tôle de quelques mm d'épaisseur. A sa sortie du train à bandes, la tôle subit un traitement thermique qui permet de lui conférer une microstructure composée au moins à 75 % de ferrite et au moins à 10 % de martensite. La ferrite est durcie par une précipitation de carbures ou de carbonitrures de niobium, et également de carbures ou de carbonitrures de titane si cet élément est présent de manière significative. La microstructure peut éventuellement comporter aussi de la bainite et de l'austénite résiduelle.The slab is then hot rolled on a strip train to form a sheet a few mm thick. On leaving the strip train, the sheet undergoes a heat treatment which gives it a microstructure composed at least 75% ferrite and at least 10% martensite. The ferrite is hardened by a precipitation of niobium carbides or carbonitrides, and also carbides or titanium carbonitrides if this element is present significantly. The microstructure may optionally also include bainite and austenite residual.
La teneur en carbone limitée permet de conserver à l'acier une bonne soudabilité, et d'obtenir la proportion de martensite désirée.Limited carbon content keeps steel good weldability, and to obtain the desired proportion of martensite.
Le manganèse joue un rôle durcissant, car:
- il se place en solution solide;
- en abaissant le point Ar3, il permet d'abaisser la température de fin de laminage et d'obtenir un grain ferritique fin;
- c'est un élément trempant.
- it is placed in solid solution;
- by lowering the point Ar 3 , it makes it possible to lower the end of rolling temperature and to obtain a fine ferritic grain;
- it is a soaking element.
Cependant, aux fortes teneurs, il provoque la formation d'une structure en bandes et conduit à la dégradation des performances de fatigue et/ou de formabilité. Il faut donc limiter sa présence à la teneur maximale spécifiée de 1,5 %.However, at high contents, it causes the formation of a structure in strips and leads to degradation of fatigue performance and / or formability. he its presence must therefore be limited to the maximum specified content of 1.5%.
Le silicium est un élément alphagène, qui favorise donc la transformation ferritique. Il est aussi durcissant en solution solide. Toutefois, l'invention repose entre autres sur une baisse très sensible de la teneur en silicium de l'acier par rapport à l'art antérieur illustré par le document EP 0 548 950. L'intérêt d'une baisse notable de la teneur en silicium est que les problèmes d'aspect de surface rencontrés sur les aciers de l'art antérieur proviennent, en fait, d'une apparition à la surface de la brame, dans le four de réchauffage, d'oxyde Fe2SiO4 qui forme avec l'oxyde FeO un eutectique à bas point de fusion. Cet eutectique pénètre dans les joints de grain et favorise l'ancrage de la calamine, qui ne peut donc être qu'imparfaitement éliminée au décapage. Un autre intérêt de cet abaissement de la teneur en silicium est l'amélioration de la soudabilité de l'acier. Les aciers de l'invention, à condition que les autres spécifications sur leur composition et leur mode de fabrication soient respectées, tolèrent de n'avoir que de faibles, voire très faibles teneurs en silicium.Silicon is an alpha-element, which therefore promotes ferritic transformation. It is also hardening in solid solution. However, the invention is based, among other things, on a very significant drop in the silicon content of the steel compared to the prior art illustrated by document EP 0 548 950. The advantage of a significant drop in the content of silicon is that the surface appearance problems encountered on steels of the prior art arise, in fact, from an appearance on the surface of the slab, in the reheating furnace, of oxide Fe 2 SiO 4 which forms with FeO oxide a low melting eutectic. This eutectic penetrates into the grain boundaries and promotes the anchoring of the scale, which can therefore only be imperfectly removed during pickling. Another advantage of this lowering of the silicon content is the improvement in the weldability of the steel. The steels of the invention, provided that the other specifications on their composition and method of manufacture are respected, tolerate having only low, or even very low, silicon contents.
Comme le silicium, le phosphore est alphagène et durcissant. Mais sa teneur doit être limitée à 0,1 %, et peut être aussi faible que possible. En effet, il serait susceptible, à forte teneur, de former une ségrégation à mi-épaisseur qui pourrait provoquer un délaminage. Par ailleurs, il peut ségréger aux joints de grains, ce qui augmente la fragilité.Like silicon, phosphorus is alphagene and hardens. But its content should be limited to 0.1%, and may be as low as possible. Indeed, it would likely, at high content, to form a mid-thickness segregation which could cause delamination. Furthermore, it can segregate at grain boundaries, which increases fragility.
Quoique non nécessaire à proprement parler, une addition de chrome (limitée à 1 %) est recommandable, car il favorise la formation de martensite et la transformation ferritique.Although not strictly speaking necessary, an addition of chromium (limited at 1%) is recommended because it promotes the formation of martensite and the ferritic transformation.
Le niobium et le titane sont des éléments de micro-alliage qui forment des précipités de carbure et de carbonitrure durcissant la ferrite. Leur addition, qui pour le titane n'est qu'optionnelle, a pour but d'obtenir, grâce à ce durcissement, un niveau de résistance élevé.Niobium and titanium are elements of micro-alloy which form carbide and carbonitride precipitates hardening ferrite. Their addition, which for the titanium is only optional, aims to obtain, thanks to this hardening, a level of high resistance.
Une grande particularité de la composition des aciers selon l'invention est la présence de niobium, alors que cet élément n'est pas habituellement ajouté lorsqu'on désire obtenir une structure de type double phase ferrite-martensite. En effet, le niobium augmente la température de non-recristallisation de l'acier, ce qui se traduit par un fort écrouissage de l'austénite, et peut entraíner une hétérogénéité de taille de grains. De plus, la précipitation des carbures et carbonitrures de niobium ralentit la transformation ferritique. C'est pourquoi, pour obtenir en présence de niobium une formation suffisante de ferrite équiaxe convenablement durcie, il est impératif de respecter l'un des schémas de refroidissement de la tôle laminée à chaud qui vont être décrits. A great feature of the composition of the steels according to the invention is the presence of niobium, although this element is not usually added when wants to obtain a double phase ferrite-martensite type structure. Indeed, the niobium increases the temperature of non-recrystallization of steel, which results in a strong hardening of the austenite, and can cause a heterogeneity of size of grains. In addition, the precipitation of niobium carbides and carbonitrides slows the ferritic transformation. This is why, to obtain in the presence of niobium a sufficient formation of adequately hardened equiaxed ferrite, it is imperative to respect one of the cooling schemes for hot-rolled sheet which will be described.
Concernant l'addition optionnelle de titane, l'effet de durcissement de la ferrite
qu'elle procure n'est cependant obtenu que si le titane a la possibilité de se combiner au
carbone. Il faut donc tenir compte, lors de l'addition de titane au bain d'acier liquide,
des possibilités de formation d'oxydes, de nitrures et de sulfures de titane. La formation
significative d'oxydes peut être aisément évitée par une addition d'aluminium lors de la
désoxydation de l'acier liquide. Quant aux quantités de nitrures et de sulfures formées,
elles dépendent des teneurs de l'acier liquide en azote et en soufre. S'il n'est pas
possible, lors de l'élaboration et de la coulée, de limiter drastiquement ces teneurs en
azote et en soufre, il faut ajouter au bain métallique une quantité de titane suffisante
pour que dans le métal solidifié, après précipitation des nitrures et sulfures, la teneur en
titane non sous forme de nitrures, de sulfures ou d'oxydes (et donc disponible pour
former des carbures et carbonitrures) soit au maximum de 0,05 %. C'est cette teneur
que l'on appelle "teneur en titane efficace" et que l'on abrège en "Tieff %". Lorsque
l'acier est désoxydé à l'aluminium, compte tenu des équilibres thermodynamiques qui
s'établissent dans le métal en cours de solidification, on peut estimer que, si Titotal %
désigne la teneur totale de l'acier en titane,
Cette addition de titane peut avantageusement compléter l'addition de niobium pour atteindre des niveaux de résistance encore plus élevés. Mais ajouter du niobium et du titane au-delà des quantités prescrites est inutile, car on assisterait alors à une saturation de l'effet durcissant.This addition of titanium can advantageously complement the addition of niobium to reach even higher levels of resistance. But add niobium and titanium in excess of the prescribed quantities is unnecessary, as there would then be a saturation of the hardening effect.
Pour fabriquer les tôles selon l'invention, différents modes opératoires peuvent être envisagés, en fonction du niveau de performances recherché et de la composition du métal.To manufacture the sheets according to the invention, different operating methods can be considered, depending on the level of performance sought and the composition metal.
Selon un premier mode opératoire (N° 1), applicable de manière standardisée
à tous les aciers de l'invention, et plus particulièrement à ceux dont la teneur en
niobium est comprise entre 0,02 et 0,1 %, la succession des opérations est la suivante:
- C ≤ 0,12 %;
- 0,5 ≤ Mn ≤ 1,5 %;
- 0 ≤ Si ≤ 0,3 %;
- 0 ≤ P ≤ 0,1%;
- 0 ≤ S ≤ 0,05 %;
- 0,01 ≤ Al ≤ 0,1 %;
- 0 ≤ Cr ≤ 1 %;
- 0,01 ≤ Nb ≤ 0,1 %
- 0 ≤ Tieff ≤ 0,05 %, Tieff étant la teneur en titane non sous forme de nitrures, de sulfures ou d'oxydes;
- étape 1: refroidissement lent, à l'air, à une vitesse de 2 à 15 °C/s, effectué enttre TFL et une température dite "température de début de trempe" (TDT) située entre 730 °C et le point Ar1 de la nuance coulée; c'est au cours de ce refroidissement qu'a lieu la transformation ferritique; sa durée ne doit pas, dans le cas général, être inférieure à 8 s pour laisser à la transformation ferritique (dont on rappelle qu'elle est retardée par la présence des carbures et carbonitrures de niobium) de s'effectuer de manière correcte; ce refroidissement ne doit pas, non plus, durer plus de 40 s pour ne pas aboutir à des précipités de trop forte taille qui détérioreraient la résistance à la traction de la tôle;
- étape 2: refroidissement rapide, effectué par exemple par aspersion à l'eau, à une vitesse de 20 à 150 °C/s entre TDT et une température dite "température de fin de refroidissement" (TFR) qui est inférieure ou égale à 300 °C.
- C ≤ 0.12%;
- 0.5 ≤ Mn ≤ 1.5%;
- 0 ≤ If ≤ 0.3%;
- 0 ≤ P ≤ 0.1%;
- 0 ≤ S ≤ 0.05%;
- 0.01 ≤ Al ≤ 0.1%;
- 0 ≤ Cr ≤ 1%;
- 0.01 ≤ Nb ≤ 0.1%
- 0 ≤ Ti eff ≤ 0.05%, Ti eff being the titanium content not in the form of nitrides, sulphides or oxides;
- step 1: slow cooling, in air, at a speed of 2 to 15 ° C / s, carried out between TFL and a temperature called "tempering start temperature" (TDT) located between 730 ° C and point Ar 1 casting shade; it is during this cooling that the ferritic transformation takes place; its duration should not, in the general case, be less than 8 s to allow the ferritic transformation (which it is recalled that it is delayed by the presence of niobium carbides and carbonitrides) to be carried out in a correct manner; this cooling must also not last more than 40 s so as not to result in precipitates of too large a size which would deteriorate the tensile strength of the sheet;
- step 2: rapid cooling, carried out for example by spraying with water, at a speed of 20 to 150 ° C / s between TDT and a temperature called "end of cooling temperature" (TFR) which is less than or equal to 300 ° C.
Une fois ces opérations réalisées, la tôle peut être bobinée, soit immédiatement, soit après un séjour à l'air.Once these operations have been carried out, the sheet can be wound, either immediately, or after a stay in the air.
Selon un deuxième mode opératoire (N° 2), applicable également à tous les aciers de l'invention de manière standardisée, et particulièremnt à ceux dont la teneur en niobium est comprise entre 0,02 et 0,1 %, les opérations 1) et 2) sont les mêmes que précédemment. En revanche, l'opération 3) comporte non plus deux, mais trois étapes de refroidissement, selon:
- étape 1: refroidissement rapide, à l'eau, à une vitesse de 20 à 150°C/s, commençant moins de 10 s après la fin du laminage à chaud, entre TFL et une température intermédiaire (Tinter) inférieure au point Ar3 de la nuance; pendant cette opération, l'acier reste dans le domaine austénitique;
- étape 2: refroidissement lent, à l'air, à une vitesse de 2 à 15 °C/s, d'une durée supérieure à 5 s et inférieure à 40 s, entre Tinter et TDT, qui est comprise entre le point Ar1 de la nuance et 730 °C; la transformation ferritique a lieu au cours de cette étape, et là encore la fixation d'une durée minimale pour le refroidissement a pour but d'assurer le bon déroulement de cette transformation malgré la présence de niobium;
- étape 3: refroidissement rapide, à l'eau, à une vitesse de 20 à 150 °C/s, entre TDT et TFR, cette dernière température étant inférieure ou égale à 300 °C.
- step 1: rapid cooling, with water, at a speed of 20 to 150 ° C / s, starting less than 10 s after the end of the hot rolling, between TFL and an intermediate temperature (T inter ) lower than the point Ar 3 of the shade; during this operation, the steel remains in the austenitic domain;
- step 2: slow air cooling at a speed of 2 to 15 ° C / s, lasting longer than 5 s and less than 40 s, between T inter and TDT, which is between point Ar 1 of the grade and 730 ° C; the ferritic transformation takes place during this stage, and here again the fixing of a minimum duration for the cooling has the aim of ensuring the good progress of this transformation despite the presence of niobium;
- step 3: rapid cooling, with water, at a speed of 20 to 150 ° C / s, between TDT and TFR, the latter temperature being less than or equal to 300 ° C.
Le bobinage de la tôle peut ensuite être effectué, là encore avec ou sans un séjour préalable à l'air. The sheet metal can then be wound, again with or without a previous stay in the air.
Dans ce dernier mode opératoire, le refroidissement à l'eau de l'étape 1 de l'opération 3) a pour fonction d'amener rapidement la tôle dans le domaine de transformation ferritique. Cette dernière commence alors immédiatement après l'arrêt du refroidissement à l'eau. Elle se fait donc plus vite et à plus basse température que dans le mode opératoire à deux étapes. Cela se traduit par:
- une transformation plus rapide, donc plus complète pour une durée donnée du refroidissement à l'air, qui elle-même peut être limitée par la longueur de la table de refroidissement;
- une taille de grain ferritique plus faible;
- une précipitation de carbures et de carbonitrures de niobium et titane plus fine et durcissante.
- faster transformation, therefore more complete for a given duration of air cooling, which itself can be limited by the length of the cooling table;
- a smaller ferritic grain size;
- a finer and hardening precipitation of niobium and titanium carbides and carbonitrides.
Dans le cas où l'acier comporte une teneur en niobium relativement faible, c'est à dire comprise entre 0,01 et 0,02 %,la fixation d'une durée minimale pour l'étape de refroidissement lent à l'air de l'opération 3) des deux modes opératoires que l'on vient de décrire n'est plus impérative, le niobium n'étant pas suffisamment présent pour ralentir très notablement la transformation ferritique.If the steel has a relatively low niobium content, i.e. between 0.01 and 0.02%, setting a minimum duration for the step slow cooling in air of operation 3) of the two operating modes which are just described is no longer imperative, niobium not being sufficiently present to very significantly slow down the ferritic transformation.
On peut ainsi produire une tôle dont la résistance minimale garantie peut s'ajuster entre 650 et 750 MPa, avec un rapport Re/Rm inférieur à 0,8, un coefficient d'écrouissage d'au moins 0,13, et un allongement total d'au moins 15 %. La courbe de traction ne présente pas de palier de limite d'élasticité, ce qui améliore le comportement à l'emboutissage. Enfin, l'aspect de surface du produit décapé ne présente pas de "tigrage". Les buts assignés à l'invention sont donc atteints.It is thus possible to produce a sheet whose guaranteed minimum resistance can be adjusted between 650 and 750 MPa, with a ratio R e / R m of less than 0.8, a work hardening coefficient of at least 0.13, and a total elongation of at least 15%. The tensile curve does not have an elastic limit plateau, which improves the stamping behavior. Finally, the surface appearance of the pickled product does not show "tigrage". The aims assigned to the invention are therefore achieved.
A titre d'exemple, des expérimentations de l'invention ont été effectuées sur
les nuances d'acier citées dans le tableau 1 (les teneurs en titane sont des teneurs
totales; les teneurs en titane efficace doivent être calculées comme on l'a exposé):
Ces expérimentations ont donné les résultats consignés dans le tableau 2, où t
désigne la durée de l'étape de refroidissement à l'air pendant laquelle a lieu la
transformation ferritique, Rp0,2 désigne la limite conventionnelle d'élasticité à 0,2 %
d'allongement rémanent et n le coefficient d'écrouissage, et où la colonne "mode de
refroidissement" se réfère aux deux principaux modes opératoires décrits
précédemment:
D'après ces résultats, on voit que l'addition de niobium et de titane à l'acier A de référence dans les nuances B et C permet d'augmenter très sensiblement la résistance de cet acier, en particulier lorsque le mode opératoire N° 2 comportant un refroidissement en trois étapes est utilisé, tout en maintenant un rapport Rp0,2/Rm convenable. On remarque également, d'après les deux derniers essais mentionnés, que l'addition de niobium est inopérante lorsqu'on impose à la tôle un refroidissement à l'air trop bref pour que la transformation ferritique puisse s'effectuer de façon satisfaisante: la résistance n'est pas améliorée par rapport à la référence, alors que le rapport Rp0,2/Rm est même sensiblement détérioré. La nuance B considérée lors de ces deux essais est particulièrement sensible à ce facteur car sa teneur en silicium n'est pas très élevée, et sa teneur en phosphore est basse, et cela ne favorise pas la transformation ferritique, donc la formation de martensite. La phase dure est alors formée de bainite et/ou de perlite.From these results, it can be seen that the addition of niobium and titanium to the reference steel A in grades B and C makes it possible to very significantly increase the resistance of this steel, in particular when the operating mode No. 2 comprising three-stage cooling is used, while maintaining a suitable R p0.2 / R m ratio. It is also noted, according to the last two tests mentioned, that the addition of niobium is ineffective when the sheet is forced to cool in air too short for the ferritic transformation to be able to be carried out satisfactorily: resistance is not improved compared to the reference, while the ratio R p0.2 / R m is even significantly deteriorated. Grade B considered during these two tests is particularly sensitive to this factor because its silicon content is not very high, and its phosphorus content is low, and this does not promote ferritic transformation, therefore the formation of martensite. The hard phase is then formed of bainite and / or perlite.
La micrographie de la figure 1 montre la structure d'un acier correspondant à la nuance B à 0,050 % de niobium et 0,010 % de titane. Le refroidissement de la tôle après laminage à chaud a été conduit selon le mode opératoire N° 2. Les plages claires sont de la ferrite equiaxe et représentent 85 % de la structure. Les plages sombres sont de la martensite, et représentent pratiquement l'intégralité du restant de la structure.The micrograph in Figure 1 shows the structure of a steel corresponding to grade B with 0.050% niobium and 0.010% titanium. Sheet metal cooling after hot rolling was carried out according to procedure No. 2. Clear areas are equiaxed ferrite and represent 85% of the structure. The dark beaches are of martensite, and represent practically the entire remainder of the structure.
Les aciers selon l'invention peuvent être employés notamment pour constituer des pièces de structures de véhicules automobiles, telles que des éléments de châssis, des voiles de roue, des bras de suspension, ainsi que toutes pièces embouties devant présenter une grande résistance aux sollicitations mécaniques.The steels according to the invention can be used in particular to constitute parts of motor vehicle structures, such as chassis elements, wheel sails, suspension arms, as well as all stamped parts in front have a high resistance to mechanical stress.
Claims (6)
- Hot-rolled steel sheet with high strength and high drawability, the composition of which, expressed in percentages by weight, is:C ≤ 0.12%;0.5 ≤ Mn ≤ 1.5%;0 ≤ Si ≤ 0.3%;0 ≤ P ≤ 0.1%;0 ≤ S ≤ 0.05%;0.01 ≤ Al ≤ 0.1%;0 ≤ Cr ≤ 1%;0.01 ≤ Nb ≤ 0.1%;0 ≤ Tieff ≤ 0.05%, Tieff being the content of titanium not in the form of nitrides, sulphides or oxides;the balance iron and inevitable impurities; and the structure of which comprises at least 75% ferrite hardened by precipitation of Nb or Nb and Ti carbides or carbonitrides, the remainder of the structure comprising at least 10% martensite and possibly bainite and residual austenite.
- Steel sheet according to Claim 1, characterized in that its Nb content is between 0.010 and 0.020%.
- Process for manufacturing a hot-rolled steel sheet with high strength and high drawability, in which:a steel whose composition is in accordance with that of the sheet according to Claim 1, is smelted and cast in slab form;the said slab is then hot-rolled into sheet form, completing the rolling at a temperature of between the Ar3 point and 950°C;the said sheet is then slow-cooled at a rate of 2 to 15°C/s for a time of between 8 and 40 s down to a temperature of between the Ar1 point and 730°C;the said sheet is then quenched at a rate of 20 to 150°C/s down to a temperature less than or equal to 300°C.
- Process for manufacturing a hot-rolled steel sheet with high strength and high drawability, in which:a steel whose composition is in accordance with that of the sheet according to Claim 1 is smelted and cast in slab form;the said slab is then hot-rolled into sheet form, completing the rolling at a temperature of between the Ar3 point and 950°C;less than 10 s after the end of hot rolling, the said sheet is then quenched at a rate of 20 to 150°C/s down to a temperature below the Ar3 point;the said sheet is then slow-cooled at a rate of 2 to 15°C/s for a time of between 5 and 40 s down to a temperature of between the Ar1 point and 730°C; andthe said sheet then is quenched at a rate of 20 to 150°C/s down to a temperature less than or equal to 300°C.
- Process for manufacturing a hot-rolled steel sheet with high strength and high drawability, in which:a steel whose composition is in accordance with that of the sheet according to Claim 2 is smelted and cast in slab form;the said slab is then hot-rolled into sheet form, completing the rolling at a temperature of between the Ar3 point and 950°C;the said sheet is then slow-cooled at a rate of 2 to 15°C/s for a time of between 5 and 40 s down to a temperature of between the Ar1 point and 730°C; andthe said sheet is then quenched at a rate of 20 to 150°C/s down to a temperature less than or equal to 300°C.
- Process for manufacturing a hot-rolled steel sheet with high strength and high drawability, in which:a steel whose composition is in accordance with that of the sheet according to Claim 2 is smelted and cast in slab form;the said slab is then hot-rolled into sheet form, completing the rolling at a temperature of between the Ar3 point and 950°C;less than 10 s after the end of hot rolling, the said sheet is then quenched at a rate of 20 to 150°C/s down to a temperature below the Ar3 point;the said sheet is then slow-cooled at a rate of 2 to 15°C/s for a time of less than 40 s down to a temperature of between the Ar1 point and 730°C; andthe said sheet is then quenched at a rate of 20 to 150°C/s down to a temperature less than or equal to 300°C.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9506746A FR2735148B1 (en) | 1995-06-08 | 1995-06-08 | HIGH-STRENGTH, HIGH-STRENGTH HOT-ROLLED STEEL SHEET CONTAINING NIOBIUM, AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME. |
FR9506746 | 1995-06-08 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0747495A1 EP0747495A1 (en) | 1996-12-11 |
EP0747495B1 true EP0747495B1 (en) | 2000-01-19 |
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EP96401007A Revoked EP0747495B1 (en) | 1995-06-08 | 1996-05-10 | Niobium containing hot rolled steel sheet with high strength and good deep-drawing properties, and process for its manufacture |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5817196A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0747495B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH093609A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE189007T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9602713A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2178306A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69606226T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2143726T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2735148B1 (en) |
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DE69905963T2 (en) * | 1998-04-21 | 2004-01-22 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Also Known As Kobe Steel Ltd. | Wire rod or steel bars with good cold formability and machine parts made from them |
DE19833321A1 (en) * | 1998-07-24 | 2000-01-27 | Schloemann Siemag Ag | Method and installation to produce dual phase steels out of hot-rolled strip, with cooling rate at first cooling stage set sufficiently low to obtain temperature which is sufficiently high for rapid transformation of austenite into ferrite |
JP3524790B2 (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2004-05-10 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Coating steel excellent in coating film durability and method for producing the same |
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NL1016042C2 (en) * | 2000-08-29 | 2001-07-24 | Corus Technology B V | Hot rolled dual phase steel band for, e.g., automotive parts contains vanadium in place of chromium |
EP1662014B1 (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2018-03-07 | JFE Steel Corporation | Steel plate and welded steel tube exhibiting low yield ratio, high strength and high toughness and method for production thereof |
KR101619786B1 (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2016-05-13 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Method for fabricating Bottom chassis, bottom chassis fabricated by the same, method for fabricating liquid crystal display and liquid crystal display fabricated by the same |
KR102596515B1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2023-11-01 | 누코 코포레이션 | Hot rolled light-gauge martensitic steel sheet and method for making the same |
US10301697B2 (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2019-05-28 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | High strength hot rolled steel sheet and manufacturing method thereof |
BR112020000917A2 (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2020-07-21 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden B.V. | strip of steel, sheet or blank to produce a hot formed part, part, and method for hot forming a blank within a part |
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- 1995-06-08 FR FR9506746A patent/FR2735148B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-05-10 DE DE69606226T patent/DE69606226T2/en not_active Revoked
- 1996-05-10 AT AT96401007T patent/ATE189007T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-10 ES ES96401007T patent/ES2143726T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-10 EP EP96401007A patent/EP0747495B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1996-05-15 US US08/648,449 patent/US5817196A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-05 CA CA002178306A patent/CA2178306A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-06-07 BR BR9602713A patent/BR9602713A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-10 JP JP8170672A patent/JPH093609A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10327383B4 (en) * | 2003-06-18 | 2010-10-14 | Aceria Compacta De Bizkaia S.A., Sestao | Process and plant for the production of hot strip with dual phase structure |
DE10327383C5 (en) * | 2003-06-18 | 2013-10-17 | Aceria Compacta De Bizkaia S.A. | Plant for the production of hot strip with dual phase structure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH093609A (en) | 1997-01-07 |
CA2178306A1 (en) | 1996-12-09 |
US5817196A (en) | 1998-10-06 |
DE69606226T2 (en) | 2000-09-07 |
EP0747495A1 (en) | 1996-12-11 |
FR2735148A1 (en) | 1996-12-13 |
ES2143726T3 (en) | 2000-05-16 |
FR2735148B1 (en) | 1997-07-11 |
BR9602713A (en) | 1998-04-22 |
DE69606226D1 (en) | 2000-02-24 |
ATE189007T1 (en) | 2000-02-15 |
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