EP0745728A1 - Lock gate - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0745728A1
EP0745728A1 EP96400992A EP96400992A EP0745728A1 EP 0745728 A1 EP0745728 A1 EP 0745728A1 EP 96400992 A EP96400992 A EP 96400992A EP 96400992 A EP96400992 A EP 96400992A EP 0745728 A1 EP0745728 A1 EP 0745728A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
envelope
frame
panel
door
boxes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96400992A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0745728B1 (en
Inventor
Dominique Lucas
Georges Dugue
Jean Yves Le Lan
René Noel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DELEGATION GENERALE POUR L'ARMEMENT BUREAU de la PROPRIETE INDUSTRIELLE DRET
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Original Assignee
DELEGATION GENERALE POUR L'ARMEMENT BUREAU de la PROPRIETE INDUSTRIELLE DRET
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR9506327A external-priority patent/FR2720767B1/en
Application filed by DELEGATION GENERALE POUR L'ARMEMENT BUREAU de la PROPRIETE INDUSTRIELLE DRET, Direction General pour lArmement DGA filed Critical DELEGATION GENERALE POUR L'ARMEMENT BUREAU de la PROPRIETE INDUSTRIELLE DRET
Publication of EP0745728A1 publication Critical patent/EP0745728A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0745728B1 publication Critical patent/EP0745728B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
    • E02B5/08—Details, e.g. gates, screens

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to door-boats whose function is to ensure the watertight closing of the entrances to dry docks overlooking the sea, to allow the dry docking of ships.
  • a door boat consists of an outer envelope and an internal framework stiffening the assembly and dividing it into compartments, most of which are ballasts.
  • the envelope Along its bottom and its sides, the envelope has a bearing surface with seal, intended to be applied against the masonry of the basin entrance to be closed.
  • a ballast is generally provided in the bottoms, and a pumping and emptying system makes it possible to selectively fill or empty the different ballasts.
  • the shape, mass, stability, arrangement of the ballasts and their volumes are determined in such a way that the carrier boat is as likely to float freely with variable drafts, as to rest on the bottom and to seal the entrance to a basin, with negative buoyancy (preponderance of safe casting).
  • the door-boat is held in place by the only pressure of the water, sea side.
  • Door-boats have always been made of riveted steel sheets, or welded for the most recent. Their shapes and dimensions are deduced from the different buoyancy conditions. Thus, as a rule, they have a bulging lower part with respect to a narrower upper part. to lighten the assembly and obtain acceptable stability characteristics.
  • the invention was carried out with the aim of overcoming this drawback by providing for the use, for the construction of door-boats, of composite materials, for example of the fiberglass-resin type, which have the advantage of being insensitive to marine corrosion.
  • Another sought-after goal was to design a new door-boat architecture adapted to the use of composite material which, while satisfying all the technical requirements, in particular of mechanical resistance, either of simple shape and construction and of reduced width, and therefore lower cost.
  • the envelope and the frame being assembled to each other by fixing means.
  • This architecture in two parts makes it possible to produce the envelope and the frame independently of one another so as to assemble them only afterwards. It also allows a form envelope simplified to the extreme which greatly facilitates the construction of composite material, only the frame being subjected to shape constraints to constitute the support against the masonry of the entrance to the basin for which the door boat is intended.
  • the frame is provided in concrete, at least as regards its lower part for ballast function.
  • the frame has a profile substantially the same width as the envelope at the junction with it and completely covers the envelope along the bottom and on the two lateral sides, providing its mechanical properties, and in particular its rigidity, to all.
  • Another object of the invention is simplification in the manufacture of the envelope.
  • the door boat shown in the drawings has a general trapezoidal shape which corresponds to that of the masonry rebate at the entrance to the basin for which it is intended. This is a usual form due to the fact that the side walls of the refit basins are most often stepped, and the rebate then follows their line of slope.
  • this trapezoidal shape of the door-boat is produced at the outer periphery of a frame 2 which borders the body of the boat itself along its bottom and on its two lateral sides.
  • the frame has two vertical planar faces 21 on each side of a horizontal base face 20 also planar, so as to receive as the body of the boat an envelope 1 in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the envelope 1 can be prismatic, with longitudinal walls 13 in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, to avoid widening the sides of the frame upwards.
  • the casing 1 is made entirely of composite material, advantageously of the fiberglass-resin (CVR) type. Its bottom walls 10, top 11, side 12 and longitudinal 13 define an interior volume divided into compartments 17 by a set of horizontal platforms 14 and vertical partitions 15. The compartments are mostly ballasts, the others housing the organs such as pumps 18, FIG. 1, used for the operation of the door boat.
  • CVR fiberglass-resin
  • the platforms 14 and partitions 15 on the other hand constitute a framework having the function of contributing to the rigidity of the envelope 1.
  • Transversal stiffeners 16 are attached to the platforms 14 and internally on the base walls 10 and top 11 of envelope 1.
  • the use of composite material to produce the casing 1 results in a significant overall weight gain compared to a steel construction.
  • the walls consisting of a superposition of folds it is easy to modulate the number of folds and therefore the thickness and the surface mass, between the different walls, and even between several zones of the same wall, depending of their position in the envelope which requires more resistance in its lower part than in its upper part.
  • the walls 10 to 13 of the envelope, the platforms 14 and the partitions 15 may they be less and less thick from the bottom up. Envelope 1 will therefore be lightened in its upper part where it is the least stressed, but also where the mass is penalizing for stability.
  • Fig. 3 shows in fine lines boxes 30 of simple shape which can be attached to either side of the casing 1 in certain cases, in particular when the draft constraints are severe.
  • the frame 2 which must perform a ballast function at the level of the lower part of the casing 1 and which, on the other hand, must constitute a rigid and non-deformable peripheral support to ensure the tight closure against the rebate of the entry of basin, is in a satisfactory embodiment provided in concrete, reinforced for example by means of fiberglass rods, which brings its advantages of ease of implementation and of insensitivity to marine corrosion like composite materials.
  • the frame 2 has a cross section symmetrical with respect to a median axis normal to the side corresponding to the internal face 20 or 21. From this internal face 20 or 21, the body of the profile has a constant width, substantially equal to that of the envelope 1 over a certain distance d, FIG. 3. Then, the width decreases until the birth of a peripheral wing 22 which constitutes the support for closing and sealing the frame.
  • the bearing face of the wing 22 is provided with an elastomer seal 23.
  • the distance d is constant along the horizontal base part 2a of the frame 2, where it is in particular a function of the desired mass of ballast. On the other hand, it increases linearly from bottom to top along the length of the uprights 2b of the frame, due to the flared trapezoidal shape of the peripheral support 22. To lessen the mass of the upper part of the frame, provision can nonetheless be made for an evolving profile of the uprights 2b, tending for example towards the shape shown diagrammatically by the dashed lines 24 in FIG. 2. As a variant or in addition, a low density load component may be incorporated into the concrete of the upper part of the uprights. It would also be possible to use different materials for the production of the base 2a on the one hand, and of the uprights 2b on the other hand.
  • the frame 2 is constructed in several stages, or in several separate elements, for example the base part 2a and the uprights 2b which will then be assembled with the casing 1.
  • the rods 3 are passed through holes in the walls 10 and 12 of the envelope, then receive tightening bolts.
  • the reference 4 designates clamping plates, which on the frame side are embedded in the concrete to be flush with the surfaces 20, 21 in contact with the walls of the envelope.
  • the envelope 1 with a length of approximately 15 meters has a width only 1.6 meters for a height of 7.5 meters, the width / height ratio therefore being of the order of 0.2.
  • Figs. 5 to 7 illustrate a different embodiment of the envelope 1 which has the advantage of being of a simpler implementation. Rather than performing an internal compartmentalization in the envelope 1, it is conceived of as a set of boxes which will be assembled and on which a stratification in glass-resin composite comes to form the side walls or planks.
  • the envelope 1 comprises eight elongated parallelepipedic boxes 51 to 58, made of composite material, which are superimposed.
  • the first two lower boxes 51, 52 are first assembled by gluing, then the side walls are covered with a first layer of glass-resin composite 61, FIG. 6a.
  • a third box 53 is added to this assembly, FIG. 6b, and a second layer 62 is produced which will completely cover the first layer 61 plus the side wall of the third box 53.
  • FIG. 6c shows that we continue to do so until the upper box 58 is put in place, so that the side wall or rim of the envelope 1 has a number of folds which decreases upwards.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates the mounting of one of the bulbs 70 attached to either side of the casing 1 shown in FIG. 5.
  • Each bulb 70 consists of two boxes 70a, 70b which are glued together beforehand. Then, after it has been put in place and glued to the casing 1, the bulb 70 is externally covered with a layer of glass-resin composite 71 which is extended peripherally on the side wall of the envelope 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

The caisson has a panel (1) made of a composite material which is divided into ballast compartments (17) by an internal framework. This is surrounded by a frame (2) which encloses the bottom (1) and sides (12) of the panel (1). The frame acts as ballast at the lower edge of the panel and forms a rigid support at the entrance of the dry dock. The frame is the same size as the panel where they join. The frame is made of concrete reinforced with fibreglass strips. The panel is attached to it with bolts and threaded rods (3) anchored in the concrete. The concrete in the upper section has less voluminal mass than that in the lower part. The side walls (2b) become thinner as they reach the top, also reducing the mass. The panel is made of a composite glass and resin material with transverse stiffeners (16). The panel is made of many caissons which are glued together with a layer of glass and resin composite on the side walls.

Description

La présente invention concerne des bateaux-portes dont la fonction est d'assurer la fermeture étanche des entrées de bassins de radoub donnant sur la mer, pour permettre la mise en cale sèche de navires.The present invention relates to door-boats whose function is to ensure the watertight closing of the entrances to dry docks overlooking the sea, to allow the dry docking of ships.

Pour l'essentiel, un bateau-porte est constitué d'une enveloppe extérieure et d'une ossature interne raidissant l'ensemble et le divisant en compartiments dont la plupart sont des ballasts. Le long de son fond et de ses côtés, l'enveloppe présente une surface d'appui avec joint d'étanchéité, destinée à venir s'appliquer contre la maçonnerie de l'entrée de bassin à obturer. Un lest est généralement prévu dans les fonds, et un système de pompage et de vidange permet de remplir ou vider sélectivement les différents ballasts.For the most part, a door boat consists of an outer envelope and an internal framework stiffening the assembly and dividing it into compartments, most of which are ballasts. Along its bottom and its sides, the envelope has a bearing surface with seal, intended to be applied against the masonry of the basin entrance to be closed. A ballast is generally provided in the bottoms, and a pumping and emptying system makes it possible to selectively fill or empty the different ballasts.

La forme, la masse, la stabilité, l'agencement des ballasts et leurs volumes sont déterminés de manière à ce que le bateau-porte soit susceptible aussi bien de flotter librement avec des tirants d'eau variables, que de reposer sur le fond et d'obturer l'entrée d'un bassin, avec une flottabilité négative (prépondérance de coulée sécuritaire). Lorsque le bassin est vide, le maintien en place du bateau-porte est assuré par la seule pression de l'eau, côté mer.The shape, mass, stability, arrangement of the ballasts and their volumes are determined in such a way that the carrier boat is as likely to float freely with variable drafts, as to rest on the bottom and to seal the entrance to a basin, with negative buoyancy (preponderance of safe casting). When the tank is empty, the door-boat is held in place by the only pressure of the water, sea side.

Depuis toujours, les bateaux-portes ont été réalisés en tôles d'acier rivées, ou soudées pour les plus récents. Leurs formes et dimensions sont déduites des différentes conditions de flottabilité. Ainsi ont-ils en règle générale une partie inférieure ventrue par rapport à une partie supérieure moins large en vue d'alléger l'ensemble et d'obtenir des caractéristiques de stabilité acceptables.Door-boats have always been made of riveted steel sheets, or welded for the most recent. Their shapes and dimensions are deduced from the different buoyancy conditions. Thus, as a rule, they have a bulging lower part with respect to a narrower upper part. to lighten the assembly and obtain acceptable stability characteristics.

L'inconvénient majeur de ces bateaux-portes réside dans le fait qu'étant soumis sans cesse à des immersions-émersions alternées, ils sont l'objet d'une forte corrosion marine qui rend nécessaires, tant à l'intérieur qu'à l'extérieur, des opérations d'entretien et de traitement de surface régulières et onéreuses.The major drawback of these door-boats lies in the fact that, being constantly subjected to alternating immersion-emersion, they are subject to strong marine corrosion which makes it necessary, both inside and outside. exterior, regular and expensive surface maintenance and treatment operations.

L'invention a été réalisée dans le but de pallier cet inconvénient en prévoyant de faire appel, pour la construction de bateaux-portes, à des matériaux composites, par exemple de type fibre de verre-résine, qui ont l'avantage d'être insensibles à la corrosion marine.The invention was carried out with the aim of overcoming this drawback by providing for the use, for the construction of door-boats, of composite materials, for example of the fiberglass-resin type, which have the advantage of being insensitive to marine corrosion.

Un autre but recherché a été de concevoir une nouvelle architecture de bateau-porte adaptée à l'utilisation de matériau composite qui, tout en satisfaisant à l'ensemble des exigences techniques, notamment de résistance mécanique, soit de forme et de construction simples et de largeur réduite, et donc de moindre coût.Another sought-after goal was to design a new door-boat architecture adapted to the use of composite material which, while satisfying all the technical requirements, in particular of mechanical resistance, either of simple shape and construction and of reduced width, and therefore lower cost.

On connaît par le brevet FR 2.720.768 un bateau-porte servant à obturer l'entrée d'un bassin de radoub, comprenant deux parties distinctes :

  • une enveloppe en matériau composite ayant une forme générale de parallépipède rectangle ou de prisme droit à parois longitudinales trapézoïdales, divisée intérieurement par une ossature interne en une pluralité de compartiments-ballasts,
  • un cadre venant border ladite enveloppe le long de son fond et de ses côtés latéraux, en un matériau aux densités et caractéristiques mécaniques appropriées pour, d'une part, exercer une fonction de lest au niveau de la partie inférieure de l'enveloppe et, d'autre part, constituer un appui rigide destiné à venir s'appliquer contre la maçonnerie de l'entrée du bassin,
Patent FR 2,720,768 discloses a door boat used to close off the entrance to a refit basin, comprising two separate parts:
  • an envelope of composite material having a general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or of a straight prism with trapezoidal longitudinal walls, internally divided by an internal framework into a plurality of ballast compartments,
  • a frame bordering said envelope along its bottom and its lateral sides, in a material with appropriate densities and mechanical characteristics to, on the one hand, exert a ballast function at the level of the lower part of the envelope and, on the other hand, constitute a rigid support intended to be applied against the masonry of the entrance to the basin,

l'enveloppe et le cadre étant assemblés l'un à l'autre par des moyens de fixation.the envelope and the frame being assembled to each other by fixing means.

Cette architecture en deux parties permet de réaliser l'enveloppe et le cadre indépendamment l'un de l'autre pour ne les assembler qu'ensuite. Elle autorise également une forme d'enveloppe simplifiés à l'extrême qui facilite grandement la construction en matériau composite, seul le cadre étant soumis à des contraintes de forme pour constituer l'appui contre la maçonnerie de l'entrée du bassin auquel le bateau-porte est destiné.This architecture in two parts makes it possible to produce the envelope and the frame independently of one another so as to assemble them only afterwards. It also allows a form envelope simplified to the extreme which greatly facilitates the construction of composite material, only the frame being subjected to shape constraints to constitute the support against the masonry of the entrance to the basin for which the door boat is intended.

Le cadre est prévu en béton, au moins en ce qui concerne sa partie inférieure à fonction de lest.The frame is provided in concrete, at least as regards its lower part for ballast function.

Le cadre a un profil sensiblement de même largeur que l'enveloppe au niveau de la jonction avec celle-ci et recouvre entièrement l'enveloppe le long du fond et des deux côtés latéraux, en apportant ses propriétés mécaniques, et notamment sa rigidité, à l'ensemble.The frame has a profile substantially the same width as the envelope at the junction with it and completely covers the envelope along the bottom and on the two lateral sides, providing its mechanical properties, and in particular its rigidity, to all.

Un autre but de l'invention est la simplification dans la fabrication de l'enveloppe.Another object of the invention is simplification in the manufacture of the envelope.

L'invention a pour objet un bateau-porte servant à obturer l'entrée d'un bassin de radoub comprenant deux parties distinctes:

  • une enveloppe en matériau composite ayant une forme générale de parallélépipède rectangle ou de prisme droit à parois longitudinales trapézoïdales,
  • un cadre venant border ladite enveloppe le long de son fond et de ses côtés latéraux, l'enveloppe et le cadre étant assemblés l'un à l'autre par des moyens de fixation, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe est constituée par un ensemble de caissons en matériau composite réunis entre eux par collage, et sur les parois latérales desquels est réalisée une stratification en composite verre-résine.
The subject of the invention is a door boat used to close off the entrance to a refit basin comprising two separate parts:
  • an envelope of composite material having the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or of a straight prism with trapezoidal longitudinal walls,
  • a frame bordering said envelope along its bottom and its lateral sides, the envelope and the frame being assembled to each other by fixing means, characterized in that the envelope is constituted by an assembly of composite material boxes joined together by gluing, and on the side walls of which a glass-resin composite stratification is carried out.

Ces caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention, ainsi que d'autres, apparaitront plus clairement dans la description suivante, faite en relation avec les dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la Fig. 1 est une coupe verticale longitudinale d'une forme de réalisation de bateau-porte selon l'invention,
  • la Fig. 2 est une demi-coupe horizontale selon la ligne II-II de la Fig. 1,
  • la Fig. 3 est une coupe verticale transversale selon la ligne III-III de la Fig.1,
  • la Fig. 4 est une vue en coupe horizontale du détail A de la Fig. 2,
  • la Fig. 5 est une vue en perspective d'une forme de réalisation particulière de l'enveloppe d'un bateau-porte selon l'invention,
  • les Figs. 6a à 6c illustrent schématiquement la fabrication de l'enveloppe de la Fig. 5, et
  • la Fig. 7 illustre le montage de bulges rapportés de part et d'autre de l'enveloppe.
These characteristics and advantages of the invention, as well as others, will appear more clearly in the following description, given in conjunction with the appended drawings, in which:
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of an embodiment of a door-boat according to the invention,
  • Fig. 2 is a horizontal half-section along line II-II of FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section along line III-III of FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 4 is a view in horizontal section of the detail A of FIG. 2,
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a particular embodiment of the envelope of a door boat according to the invention,
  • Figs. 6a to 6c schematically illustrate the manufacture of the envelope of FIG. 5, and
  • Fig. 7 illustrates the mounting of bulbs attached on either side of the envelope.

Vu de front, le bateau-porte représenté sur les dessins a une forme générale trapézoïdale qui correspond à celle de la feuillure en maçonnerie de l'entrée du bassin auquel il est destiné. Il s'agit là d'une forme habituelle due au fait que les parois latérales des bassins de radoub sont le plus souvent étagées, et que la feuillure suit alors leur ligne de pente.Seen from the front, the door boat shown in the drawings has a general trapezoidal shape which corresponds to that of the masonry rebate at the entrance to the basin for which it is intended. This is a usual form due to the fact that the side walls of the refit basins are most often stepped, and the rebate then follows their line of slope.

Selon l'invention, cette forme trapézoïdale du bateau-porte est réalisée au niveau du pourtour extérieur d'un cadre 2 qui borde le corps proprement dit du bateau le long de son fond et de ses deux côtés latéraux. Intérieurement, le cadre présente deux faces planes verticales 21 de chaque côté d'une face de base horizontale 20 également plane, de manière à recevoir en tant que corps du bateau une enveloppe 1 en forme de parallélépipède rectangle. En variante, l'enveloppe 1 peut être prismatique, avec des parois longitudinales 13 en forme de trapèze isocèle, pour éviter d'élargir les côtés du cadre vers le haut.According to the invention, this trapezoidal shape of the door-boat is produced at the outer periphery of a frame 2 which borders the body of the boat itself along its bottom and on its two lateral sides. Internally, the frame has two vertical planar faces 21 on each side of a horizontal base face 20 also planar, so as to receive as the body of the boat an envelope 1 in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped. Alternatively, the envelope 1 can be prismatic, with longitudinal walls 13 in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, to avoid widening the sides of the frame upwards.

L'enveloppe 1 est réalisée entièrement en matériau composite, avantageusement de type fibre de verre-résine (CVR). Ses parois de fond 10, de dessus 11, latérales 12 et longitudinales 13 définissent un volume intérieur divisé en compartiments 17 par un ensemble de plates-formes horizontales 14 et de cloisons verticales 15. Les compartiments sont en majorité des ballasts, les autres logeant les organes tels que pompes 18, Fig. 1, servant au fonctionnement du bateau-porte.The casing 1 is made entirely of composite material, advantageously of the fiberglass-resin (CVR) type. Its bottom walls 10, top 11, side 12 and longitudinal 13 define an interior volume divided into compartments 17 by a set of horizontal platforms 14 and vertical partitions 15. The compartments are mostly ballasts, the others housing the organs such as pumps 18, FIG. 1, used for the operation of the door boat.

Les plates-formes 14 et cloisons 15 constituent d'autre part une ossature ayant pour fonction de contribuer à la rigidité de l'enveloppe 1. Des raidisseurs transversaux 16 sont rapportés sur les plates-formes 14 et intérieurement sur les parois de base 10 et de dessus 11 de l'enveloppe 1.The platforms 14 and partitions 15 on the other hand constitute a framework having the function of contributing to the rigidity of the envelope 1. Transversal stiffeners 16 are attached to the platforms 14 and internally on the base walls 10 and top 11 of envelope 1.

L'utilisation de matériau composite pour réaliser l'enveloppe 1 se traduit par un gain de masse global important comparé à une construction en acier. Par ailleurs, les parois consistant en une superposition de plis, il est aisé de moduler le nombre des plis et par conséquent l'épaisseur et la masse surfacique, entre les différentes parois, et même entre plusieurs zones d'une même paroi, en fonction de leur position dans l'enveloppe qui nécessite plus de résistance dans sa partie inférieure que dans sa partie supérieure. Ainsi, les parois 10 à 13 de l'enveloppe, les plates-formes 14 et les cloisons 15 pourront-elles être de moins en moins épaisses de bas en haut. L'enveloppe 1 sera donc allégée dans sa partie supérieure où elle est le moins sollicitée, mais aussi où la masse est pénalisante pour la stabilité.The use of composite material to produce the casing 1 results in a significant overall weight gain compared to a steel construction. Furthermore, the walls consisting of a superposition of folds, it is easy to modulate the number of folds and therefore the thickness and the surface mass, between the different walls, and even between several zones of the same wall, depending of their position in the envelope which requires more resistance in its lower part than in its upper part. Thus, the walls 10 to 13 of the envelope, the platforms 14 and the partitions 15 may they be less and less thick from the bottom up. Envelope 1 will therefore be lightened in its upper part where it is the least stressed, but also where the mass is penalizing for stability.

La Fig. 3 fait apparaître en traits fins des caissons 30 de forme simple qui peuvent être rapportés de part et d'autre de l'enveloppe 1 dans certains cas, notamment lorsque les contraintes de tirant d'eau sont sévères.Fig. 3 shows in fine lines boxes 30 of simple shape which can be attached to either side of the casing 1 in certain cases, in particular when the draft constraints are severe.

Le cadre 2 qui doit accomplir une fonction de lest au niveau de la partie inférieure de l'enveloppe 1 et qui, d'autre part, doit constituer un appui périphérique rigide et indéformable pour assurer la fermeture étanche contre la feuillure de l'entrée de bassin, est dans une forme de réalisation satisfaisante prévu en béton, armé par exemple au moyen de joncs en fibre de verre, qui apporte ses avantages de facilité de mise en oeuvre et d'insensibilité à la corrosion marine comme les matériaux composites.The frame 2 which must perform a ballast function at the level of the lower part of the casing 1 and which, on the other hand, must constitute a rigid and non-deformable peripheral support to ensure the tight closure against the rebate of the entry of basin, is in a satisfactory embodiment provided in concrete, reinforced for example by means of fiberglass rods, which brings its advantages of ease of implementation and of insensitivity to marine corrosion like composite materials.

Le cadre 2 a une section droite symétrique par rapport à un axe médian normal au côté correspondant à la face interne 20 ou 21. A partir de cette face interne 20 ou 21, le corps du profilé présente une largeur constante, sensiblement égale à celle de l'enveloppe 1 sur une certaine distance d, Fig. 3. Ensuite, la largeur diminue jusqu'à la naissance d'une aile périphérique 22 qui constitue l'appui de fermeture et d'étanchéité du cadre. La face d'appui de l'aile 22 est pourvue d'un joint en élastomère 23.The frame 2 has a cross section symmetrical with respect to a median axis normal to the side corresponding to the internal face 20 or 21. From this internal face 20 or 21, the body of the profile has a constant width, substantially equal to that of the envelope 1 over a certain distance d, FIG. 3. Then, the width decreases until the birth of a peripheral wing 22 which constitutes the support for closing and sealing the frame. The bearing face of the wing 22 is provided with an elastomer seal 23.

La distance d est constante le long de la partie de base horizontale 2a du cadre 2, où elle est notamment fonction de la masse de lest désirée. Par contre, elle augmente linéairement de bas en haut sur la longueur des montants 2b du cadre, en raison de la forme évasée en trapèze de l'appui périphérique 22. Pour amoindrir la masse du cadre en partie supérieure, on peut néanmoins prévoir un profil évolutif des montants 2b, tendant par exemple vers la forme schématisée par les traits-tirets 24 à la Fig. 2. En variante ou en complément, on peut incorporer dans le béton de la partie supérieure des montants un composant de charge de faible masse volumique. Il serait également possible d'utiliser des matériaux différents pour la réalisation de la base 2a d'une part, et des montants 2b d'autre part.The distance d is constant along the horizontal base part 2a of the frame 2, where it is in particular a function of the desired mass of ballast. On the other hand, it increases linearly from bottom to top along the length of the uprights 2b of the frame, due to the flared trapezoidal shape of the peripheral support 22. To lessen the mass of the upper part of the frame, provision can nonetheless be made for an evolving profile of the uprights 2b, tending for example towards the shape shown diagrammatically by the dashed lines 24 in FIG. 2. As a variant or in addition, a low density load component may be incorporated into the concrete of the upper part of the uprights. It would also be possible to use different materials for the production of the base 2a on the one hand, and of the uprights 2b on the other hand.

A des fins pratiques, le cadre 2 est construit en plusieurs étapes, ou en plusieurs éléments séparés, par exemple la partie de base 2a et les montants 2b qui vont être assemblés ensuite avec l'enveloppe 1. Un mode de fixation entre les parois de fond et d'extrémité de l'enveloppe 1 d'une part, et le cadre d'autre part, apparaît en détail à la Fig. 4 : des tiges métalliques filetées 3 sont ancrées dans le béton du cadre, régulièrement écartées en deux rangées périphériques sur les faces 20, 21 de son pourtour intérieur. Les tiges 3 sont passées dans des trous ménagés dans les parois 10 et 12 de l'enveloppe, puis reçoivent des boulons de serrage. Le repère 4 désigne des plats de serrage, lesquels côté cadre sont noyés dans le béton pour affleurer les surfaces 20, 21 en contact avec les parois de l'enveloppe.For practical purposes, the frame 2 is constructed in several stages, or in several separate elements, for example the base part 2a and the uprights 2b which will then be assembled with the casing 1. A method of fixing between the walls of bottom and end of the casing 1 on the one hand, and the frame on the other hand, appears in detail in FIG. 4: threaded metal rods 3 are anchored in the concrete of the frame, regularly spaced in two peripheral rows on the faces 20, 21 of its inner periphery. The rods 3 are passed through holes in the walls 10 and 12 of the envelope, then receive tightening bolts. The reference 4 designates clamping plates, which on the frame side are embedded in the concrete to be flush with the surfaces 20, 21 in contact with the walls of the envelope.

Dans une réalisation prototype construite selon l'architecture représentée sur les dessins et décrite ci-dessus, qui s'est avérée satisfaisante s'agissant notamment des caractéristiques de stabilité, l'enveloppe 1 d'une longueur d'environ 15 mètres avait une largeur de seulement 1,6 mètre pour une hauteur de 7,5 mètres, le rapport largeur/hauteur étant donc de l'ordre de 0,2.In a prototype embodiment constructed according to the architecture shown in the drawings and described above, which has proved satisfactory with regard in particular to the stability characteristics, the envelope 1 with a length of approximately 15 meters has a width only 1.6 meters for a height of 7.5 meters, the width / height ratio therefore being of the order of 0.2.

Les Figs. 5 à 7 illustrent un mode de réalisation différent de l'enveloppe 1 qui a l'avantage d'être d'une mise en oeuvre plus simple. Plutôt que de réaliser un compartimentage interne dans l'enveloppe 1, on conçoit celle-ci comme un ensemble de caissons qui vont être assemblés et sur lesquels une stratification en composite verre-résine vient constituer les parois latérales ou bordés.Figs. 5 to 7 illustrate a different embodiment of the envelope 1 which has the advantage of being of a simpler implementation. Rather than performing an internal compartmentalization in the envelope 1, it is conceived of as a set of boxes which will be assembled and on which a stratification in glass-resin composite comes to form the side walls or planks.

Ainsi, dans la forme de réalisation représentée à la Fig. 5, l'enveloppe 1 comprend huit caissons parallélépipédiques allongés 51 à 58, fabriqués en matériau composite, qui sont superposés. En pratique, on réunit d'abord par collage les deux premiers caissons inférieurs 51, 52, puis on en recouvre les parois latérales d'une première strate de composite verre-résine 61, Fig. 6a. Ensuite, on adjoint à cet ensemble un troisième caisson 53, Fig. 6b, et l'on réalise une seconde strate 62 qui va recouvrir entièrement la première strate 61 plus la paroi latérale du troisième caisson 53. La Fig. 6c montre que l'on continue à procéder ainsi jusqu'à mise en place du caisson supérieur 58, de sorte que la paroi latérale ou bordé de l'enveloppe 1 comporte un nombre de plis qui va diminuant vers le haut.Thus, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the envelope 1 comprises eight elongated parallelepipedic boxes 51 to 58, made of composite material, which are superimposed. In practice, the first two lower boxes 51, 52 are first assembled by gluing, then the side walls are covered with a first layer of glass-resin composite 61, FIG. 6a. Next, a third box 53 is added to this assembly, FIG. 6b, and a second layer 62 is produced which will completely cover the first layer 61 plus the side wall of the third box 53. FIG. 6c shows that we continue to do so until the upper box 58 is put in place, so that the side wall or rim of the envelope 1 has a number of folds which decreases upwards.

La Fig. 7 illustre le montage de l'un des bulges 70 rapportés de part et d'autre de l'enveloppe 1 représentée à la Fig. 5. Chaque bulge 70 est constitué de deux caissons 70a, 70b qui sont préalablement collés entre eux. Ensuite, après qu'il a été mis en place et collé sur l'enveloppe 1, le bulge 70 est recouvert extérieurement d'une couche de composite verre-résine 71 qui est prolongée périphériquement sur la paroi latérale de l'enveloppe 1.Fig. 7 illustrates the mounting of one of the bulbs 70 attached to either side of the casing 1 shown in FIG. 5. Each bulb 70 consists of two boxes 70a, 70b which are glued together beforehand. Then, after it has been put in place and glued to the casing 1, the bulb 70 is externally covered with a layer of glass-resin composite 71 which is extended peripherally on the side wall of the envelope 1.

Claims (5)

Bateau-porte servant à obturer l'entrée d'un bassin de radoub, comprenant deux parties distinctes : - une enveloppe (1) en matériau composite ayant une forme générale de parallélépipède rectangle ou de prisme droit à parois longitudinales (13) trapézoïdales, - un cadre (2) venant border ladite enveloppe (1) le long de son fond (10) et de ses côtés latéraux (12), l'enveloppe (1) et le cadre (2) étant assemblés l'un à l'autre par des moyens de fixation, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe (1) est constituée par un ensemble de caissons (51 à 58) en matériau composite réunis entre eux par collage, et sur les parois latérales desquels est réalisée une stratification en composite verre-résine. Door boat used to seal the entrance to a refit basin, comprising two separate parts: an envelope (1) of composite material having a general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or of a straight prism with longitudinal trapezoidal walls (13), - A frame (2) bordering said envelope (1) along its bottom (10) and its lateral sides (12), the envelope (1) and the frame (2) being assembled one by one other by fixing means, characterized in that the envelope (1) is constituted by a set of boxes (51 to 58) made of composite material joined together by gluing, and on the side walls of which a composite lamination is carried out glass-resin. Bateau-porte selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la fixation de l'enveloppe (1) avec les éléments de cadre en béton est réalisée par boulonnage sur des tiges filetées (3) ancrées dans le béton.Door-boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing of the envelope (1) with the concrete frame elements is carried out by bolting on threaded rods (3) anchored in the concrete. Bateau-porte selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les caissons (51 à 58) ont une forme parallélépipédique allongée et sont superposés.Door boat according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the boxes (51 to 58) have an elongated parallelepiped shape and are superimposed. Bateau-porte selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la stratification sur les parois latérales des caissons (51 à 58) est réalisée à mesure de l'assemblage des caissons à partir du bas, la première strate (61) recouvrant les parois latérales des deux premiers caissons (51,52), la deuxième strate (62) recouvrant la première strate (61) et la paroi latérale du troisième caisson (53), et ainsi de suite jusqu'au dernier caisson (58).Door boat according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the stratification on the side walls of the boxes (51 to 58) is carried out as the boxes are assembled from the bottom, the first layer (61 ) covering the side walls of the first two boxes (51,52), the second layer (62) covering the first layer (61) and the side wall of the third box (53), and so on until the last box (58 ). Bateau-porte selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que des bulges (70) sont rapportés de part et d'autre de l'enveloppe 1, chaque bulge étant d'abord collé sur l'enveloppe 1, puis recouvert extérieurement d'une couche en composite verre-résine (71) qui est prolongée périphériquement sur la paroi latérale de l'enveloppe (1).Door-boat according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that bulges (70) are attached to either side of the envelope 1, each bulb being first glued to the envelope 1, then externally covered with a layer of glass-resin composite (71) which is extended peripherally on the side wall of the envelope (1).
EP19960400992 1995-05-29 1996-05-09 Lock gate Expired - Lifetime EP0745728B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9506327A FR2720767B1 (en) 1994-06-02 1995-05-29 Door boats.
FR9506327 1995-05-29

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0745728A1 true EP0745728A1 (en) 1996-12-04
EP0745728B1 EP0745728B1 (en) 2003-03-26

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EP19960400992 Expired - Lifetime EP0745728B1 (en) 1995-05-29 1996-05-09 Lock gate

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DE (1) DE69626884T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2191747T3 (en)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE845329C (en) * 1951-03-07 1952-07-31 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Replacement lock gate, e.g. B. Replacement miter gate
FR1251332A (en) * 1959-12-07 1961-01-20 Cie Francaise D Entpr S Improvements made to structures such as lock gates
FR2129082A5 (en) * 1971-03-15 1972-10-27 Marseille Grands Travaux
FR2458632A1 (en) * 1979-06-11 1981-01-02 Hutchinson Mapa Barrage controlling canal water flow - uses bottom hinged elastomer panel which pivots flat onto canal bed and is hung from cable on winch
GB2179003A (en) * 1985-07-24 1987-02-25 Hartley Simon Ltd A method of producing a panel
DE4301852C1 (en) * 1993-01-25 1994-08-11 Kroeger Werft Gmbh & Co Kg Dock or lock gate
FR2720768A1 (en) * 1994-06-02 1995-12-08 France Etat Armement Doors boats.

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE845329C (en) * 1951-03-07 1952-07-31 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Replacement lock gate, e.g. B. Replacement miter gate
FR1251332A (en) * 1959-12-07 1961-01-20 Cie Francaise D Entpr S Improvements made to structures such as lock gates
FR2129082A5 (en) * 1971-03-15 1972-10-27 Marseille Grands Travaux
FR2458632A1 (en) * 1979-06-11 1981-01-02 Hutchinson Mapa Barrage controlling canal water flow - uses bottom hinged elastomer panel which pivots flat onto canal bed and is hung from cable on winch
GB2179003A (en) * 1985-07-24 1987-02-25 Hartley Simon Ltd A method of producing a panel
DE4301852C1 (en) * 1993-01-25 1994-08-11 Kroeger Werft Gmbh & Co Kg Dock or lock gate
FR2720768A1 (en) * 1994-06-02 1995-12-08 France Etat Armement Doors boats.

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DE69626884T2 (en) 2004-03-04
DE69626884D1 (en) 2003-04-30
EP0745728B1 (en) 2003-03-26
ES2191747T3 (en) 2003-09-16

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