EP0745716B1 - Procédé pour la fabrication d'une armature textile utilisable pour la réalisation de matériaux composites - Google Patents

Procédé pour la fabrication d'une armature textile utilisable pour la réalisation de matériaux composites Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0745716B1
EP0745716B1 EP96420187A EP96420187A EP0745716B1 EP 0745716 B1 EP0745716 B1 EP 0745716B1 EP 96420187 A EP96420187 A EP 96420187A EP 96420187 A EP96420187 A EP 96420187A EP 0745716 B1 EP0745716 B1 EP 0745716B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
fibers
web
glass
linear density
production
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP96420187A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0745716A1 (fr
Inventor
André Fourezon
Thierry Klethi
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Fils dAuguste Chomarat et Cie SA
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Fils dAuguste Chomarat et Cie SA
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/4334—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/004—Glass yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/105—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by needling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/12—Glass fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/666—Mechanically interengaged by needling or impingement of fluid [e.g., gas or liquid stream, etc.]
    • Y10T442/667—Needled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/697—Containing at least two chemically different strand or fiber materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/697—Containing at least two chemically different strand or fiber materials
    • Y10T442/698—Containing polymeric and natural strand or fiber materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an improvement made to reinforcements textiles used for the production of composite materials, i.e. resin-based articles (polyester or other) reinforced with a textile tablecloth reinforcement.
  • reinforcement structures used in the field of composites for example fabrics, textile grids, tablecloths unidirectional, bidirectional filamentary ... or combination of such items.
  • a frame consists of at least two layers of textile reinforcement properly say, arranged on either side of a central layer giving the thickness of said material, and it is characterized in that said layer central consists of a tablecloth based on synthetic fibers, of title high, and which have received, prior to their formatting tablecloths, a treatment communicating them an undulation or crimp permanent, the different layers being interconnected in particular by sewing / knitting.
  • the invention therefore relates to a process for producing fibrous sheets intended to constitute the central layer giving thickness to a complex textile reinforcement used in the production of a composite material, said plies fibrous, being based on fibers, of high unit strength, having an effect of "spring".
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the conformation in the form of a sheet of said high titer fibers is carried out by carding, and in that, continuously, immediately after the carded sheet has been produced, this is projected onto the surface of this last of the continuous glass fibers or filaments which are distributed flat randomly in all directions, the assembly then being subjected to a mechanical needling treatment entraining said glass fibers or filaments through the entire thickness of the sheet of fibers, so that they or they come out on the opposite face, the formed structure then being received in the form of a winding.
  • both synthetic fibers with a high unit titer, such as polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene .., which have received prior to their tablecloth treatment their communicating a permanent ripple or crimp conferring the effect "spring", this treatment can be for example a treatment of stuffing, only vegetable fibers such as flax, sisal, jute ...
  • high titer fibers whose titer is generally between 20 and 200 dtex and whose cutting length for fibers synthetic is generally between 40 and 120 mm, this length possibly possibly greater in the case of fibers vegetable.
  • the weight of said carded web will advantageously be between 150 g / m2 and 400 g / m2. Indeed, for a weight less than 150 g / m2, the complex lacks consistency and regularity, while a weight greater than 400 g / m2 leads to thick products which do not justify in practice.
  • the thickness of the central ply will generally be between 3 and about 10 mm.
  • the glass fibers projected and implanted inside said ply are fibers having a cutting length of at least 10 mm, their title can vary from 15 to 160 tex. These fibers are sprayed with reason from 50 to 200 g / m2. There is no upper limit in the length of glass fibers which may consist of continuous filaments.
  • a material according to the invention is produced on a line of production successively comprising a conventional card, a receiving mat for the carded web formed above which is arranged a projection assembly of cut glass fibers, a Conventional mechanical needling machine equipped with needles whose beards are oriented in one direction only to entrain fibers only during the penetration phase, said needling machine being followed by a receiving system of the formed web.
  • a carded web is formed from polypropylene fibers, 110 dtex, 90 mm cut, crimped tamping, the weight weighing 250 g / m2 at the outlet of the card.
  • the tablecloth being kept flat on the conveyor belt, we project on its surface glass fibers having a titer of 25 tex, the length of cutting being 50 mm, and this at a rate of 150 g / m2.
  • the call speed of the water table is 4m / min.
  • the assembly then passes inside a needling machine conventional set to exert an action of 40 strokes / cm2.
  • the complex formed weighs 400 g / m2 and has a thickness of the order of 8 mm.
  • Such a fibrous structure can be used as the central layer intended to give thickness to any complex textile structure of reinforcement of laminated material, the textile reinforcements proper which can be arranged on either side of such a structure and which are associated with the latter by any appropriate means, in particular by sewing / knitting, needling or gluing operation.

Description

L'invention concerne un perfectionnement apporté aux armatures textiles utilisées pour la réalisation de matériaux composites, c'est-à-dire d'articles à base de résine (polyester ou autres) armés d'une nappe textile de renforcement.
A ce jour, en fonction des applications et des caractéristiques recherchées, les structures de renforcement utilisées dans le domaine des composites, sont par exemple des tissus, grilles textiles, nappes filamentaires unidirectionnelles, bidirectionnelles ... ou combinaison de tels éléments.
Dans son brevet français 2 646 442, le Demandeur a proposé une armature textile particulièrement adaptée pour réaliser des renforts de forte épaisseur, caractéristique nécessaire lorsque l'on souhaite réaliser des éléments tels que carrosserie de véhicules, bateaux de plaisance, citernes.., qui doivent présenter une grande rigidité. Une telle armature est constituée par au moins deux couches de renfort textile proprement dites, disposées de part et d'autre d'une couche centrale donnant l'épaisseur audit matériau, et elle se caractérise en ce que ladite couche centrale est constituée par une nappe à base de fibres synthétiques, de titre unitaire élevé, et qui ont reçu, préalablement à leur mise sous forme de nappes, un traitement leur communiquant une ondulation ou frisure permanente, les différentes couches étant reliées entre elles notamment par couture/tricotage.
Un tel complexe donne entière satisfaction en ce qui a trait aux caractéristiques mécaniques que présentent les structures composites qu'il permet de réaliser.
Par ailleurs, il est particulièrement adapté pour réaliser des structures de forme complexe obtenues par moulage, par exemple selon les techniques dites par "moulage à la presse avec injection" ou "moulage sous vide".
Pour certaines applications, il a cependant été constaté qu'il pouvait y avoir des risques de délaminage au niveau de la zone formant interface entre la couche centrale donnant l'épaisseur du matériau et les couches superficielles donnant quant à elles les caractéristiques mécaniques.
Or on a trouvé, et c'est ce qui fait l'objet de la présente invention, une solution simple et efficace qui permet d'éliminer pratiquement totalement les risques de délaminage.
D'une manière générale, l'invention concerne donc un procédé pour la réalisation de nappes fibreuses destinées à constituer la couche centrale donnant l'épaisseur à une armature textile complexe entrant dans la réalisation d'un matériau composite, lesdites nappes fibreuses étant à base de fibres, de titre unitaire élevé, présentant un effet de "ressort".
Le procédé selon l'invention se caractérise en ce que la conformation sous forme de nappe desdites fibres de titre élevé est réalisée par cardage, et en ce que, en continu, immédiatement après réalisation de la nappe cardée, on projette à la surface de cette dernière des fibres ou filaments continus de verre qui se répartissent à plat de manière aléatoire dans toutes les directions, l'ensemble étant alors soumis à un traitement mécanique d'aiguilletage entraínant lesdites fibres ou filaments de verre au travers de toute l'épaisseur de la nappe de fibres, de telle sorte qu'elles ou qu'ils ressortent sur la face opposée, la structure formée étant ensuite réceptionnée sous la forme d'un enroulement.
Pour réaliser la nappe fibreuse cardée, on peut utiliser aussi bien des fibres synthétiques ayant un titre unitaire élevé, telles que fibres de polyester, polyamide, polyéthylène, polypropylène.., qui ont reçu préalablement à leur mise sous forme de nappe un traitement leur communiquant une ondulation ou frisure permanente conférant l'effet de "ressort", ce traitement pouvant être par exemple un traitement de bourrage, que des fibres végétales telles que lin, sisal, jute.. .
Par titre élevé, on entend des fibres dont le titre est en général compris entre 20 et 200 dtex et dont la longueur de coupe pour les fibres synthétiques est en général comprise entre 40 et 120 mm, cette longueur pouvant éventuellement être plus importante dans le cas de fibres végétales.
Il pourrait être envisagé d'utiliser des fibres plus fines, mais alors, cela sera au détriment de la qualité du matériau composite formé, car la nappe fibreuse présente alors une densité plus élevée qui perturbe le cheminement de la résine lors de la réalisation du matériau composite.
Il peut également être envisagé d'utiliser des fibres ayant un titre supérieur à 200 dtex. Cependant, dans un tel cas, l'opération de cardage est délicate à réaliser et surtout la nappe cardée obtenue peut manquer d'homogénéité.
Par ailleurs, le poids de la dite nappe cardée sera avantageusement compris entre 150 g/m2 et 400 g/m2. En effet, pour un poids inférieur à 150 g/m2, le complexe manque de tenue et de régularité, alors qu'un poids supérieur à 400 g/m2 conduit à des produits d'épaisseur qui ne se justifient pas dans la pratique.
L'épaisseur de la nappe centrale sera en général comprise entre 3 et environ 10 mm.
Les fibres de verre projetées et implantées à l'intérieur de ladite nappe sont des fibres ayant une longueur de coupe d'au moins 10 mm, leur titre pouvant varier de 15 à 160 tex. Ces fibres sont projetées à raison de 50 à 200 g/m2. Il n'y a pas de limite supérieure dans la longueur des fibres de verre qui peuvent être constituées de filaments continus.
L'invention et les avantages qu'elle apporte seront cependant mieux compris grâce à l'exemple de réalisation qui suit, donné ci-après à titre indicatif mais non limitatif.
Exemple
On réalise un matériau conforme à l'invention sur une ligne de production comprenant successivement une carde conventionnelle, un tapis de réception pour la nappe cardée formée au-dessus duquel est disposé un ensemble de projection de fibres de verre coupé, une aiguilleteuse mécanique conventionnelle équipée d'aiguilles dont les barbes sont orientées dans un seul sens pour n'entraíner les fibres que lors de la phase de pénétration, ladite aiguilleteuse étant suivie d'un système de réception de la nappe formée.
Sur une telle installation, on forme une nappe cardée à partir de fibres de polypropylène, de titre 110 dtex - coupe 90 mm, frisées par bourrage, la nappe pesant, en sortie de carde, 250 g/m2.
La nappe étant maintenue à plat sur le tapis transporteur, on projette à sa surface des fibres de verre ayant un titre de 25 tex, la longueur de coupe étant de 50 mm, et ce à raison de 150 g/m2.
La vitesse d'appel de la nappe est de 4m/min.
L'ensemble passe ensuite à l'intérieur d'une aiguilleteuse conventionnelle réglée pour exercer une action de 40 coups/cm2.
En sortie de la ligne de production, le complexe formé pèse 400 g/m2 et a une épaisseur de l'ordre de 8 mm.
Une telle structure fibreuse peut être utilisée comme couche centrale destinée à donner de l'épaisseur à toute structure textile complexe de renforcement de matériau stratifié, les renforts textiles proprement dits pouvant être disposés de part et d'autre d'une telle structure et qui sont associés à cette dernière par tous moyens appropriés, notamment par une opération de couture/ tricotage, aiguilletage ou collage.
Les renforts additionnels peuvent être de tout type conventionnel, à savoir par exemple :
  • des fils parallèles, jointifs ou espacés les uns des autres;
  • des nappes bidirectionnelles, des nappes fibreuses, voire même des tissus et/ou combinaisons de tels éléments.
On a constaté qu'un tel matériau, lorsqu'il est utilisé pour réaliser une structure composite en remplacement de la couche centrale telle que décrite dans le FR-A-2 646 442, permettait d'éliminer pratiquement totalement les risques de délaminage ainsi que d'améliorer également les caractéristiques de flexion, rigidité et de tenue au vieillissement.

Claims (4)

  1. Procédé pour réalisation d'une structure fibreuse destinée à constituer la couche centrale donnant l'épaisseur à une armature textile complexe entrant dans la réalisation d'un matériau composite, constituée de fibres, de titre unitaire élevé, présentant un effet de "ressort", caractérisé en ce que la conformation sous forme de nappe desdites fibres de titre élevé est réalisée par cardage, et en ce que, en continu, immédiatement après réalisation de la nappe cardée, on projette à la surface de cette dernière des fibres ou filaments continus de verre qui se répartissent à plat de manière aléatoire dans toutes les directions, l'ensemble étant alors soumis à un traitement mécanique d'aiguilletage entraínant lesdites fibres ou filaments de verre au travers de toute l'épaisseur de la nappe de fibres, de telle sorte qu'elle ressorte sur la face opposée, la structure formée étant ensuite réceptionnée sous la forme d'un enroulement.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la nappe fibreuse cardée est soit à base de fibres synthétiques telles que fibres de polyester, polyamide, polyéthylène, polypropylène... qui ont reçu préalablement à leur mise sous forme de nappe un traitement leur communiquant une ondulation ou frisure permanente conférant l'effet de "ressort", soit à base de fibres végétales, tel que lin, sisal, jute... .
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les fibres de titre élevé ont une longueur de coupe comprise entre 20 mm et 120 mm, lorsqu'elles sont constitués e fibres synthétiques, cette longueur pouvant être plus importante dans le cas de fibres végétales.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les fibres ou filaments de verre projetés et implantés à l'intérieur de la nappe, ont une longueur de coupe d'au moins 10 mm, leur titre étant compris entre 15 et 160 tex.
EP96420187A 1995-06-02 1996-05-23 Procédé pour la fabrication d'une armature textile utilisable pour la réalisation de matériaux composites Expired - Lifetime EP0745716B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9506798 1995-06-02
FR9506798A FR2734847B1 (fr) 1995-06-02 1995-06-02 Armature textile utilisable pour la realisation de materiaux composites

Publications (2)

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EP0745716A1 EP0745716A1 (fr) 1996-12-04
EP0745716B1 true EP0745716B1 (fr) 1999-07-07

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EP96420187A Expired - Lifetime EP0745716B1 (fr) 1995-06-02 1996-05-23 Procédé pour la fabrication d'une armature textile utilisable pour la réalisation de matériaux composites

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5667882A (fr)
EP (1) EP0745716B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE181975T1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ287643B6 (fr)
DE (1) DE69603128T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0745716T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2133913T3 (fr)
FR (1) FR2734847B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5883021A (en) * 1997-03-21 1999-03-16 Ppg Industries, Inc. Glass monofilament and strand mats, vacuum-molded thermoset composites reinforced with the same and methods for making the same
US5872067A (en) * 1997-03-21 1999-02-16 Ppg Industries, Inc. Glass fiber strand mats, thermoplastic composites reinforced with the same and methods for making the same
US5883023A (en) * 1997-03-21 1999-03-16 Ppg Industries, Inc. Glass monofilament and strand mats, thermoplastic composites reinforced with the same and methods for making the same
US5910458A (en) * 1997-05-30 1999-06-08 Ppg Industries, Inc. Glass fiber mats, thermosetting composites reinforced with the same and methods for making the same
FR2804696B1 (fr) * 2000-02-07 2002-06-28 Textinap Procede de fabrication d'un complexe, notamment a partir de fibres naturelles et le complexe obtenu
MY120396A (en) * 2000-08-18 2005-10-31 Tencate Geosynthetics Asia Sdn Bhd Method and apparatus for manufacturing non-woven fabrics
WO2003038175A1 (fr) * 2001-10-17 2003-05-08 Saertex Wagener Gmbh & Co. Kg Armature textile comportant au moins une couche de couverture et une couche de non-tisse volumineuse
FR2836490B1 (fr) * 2002-02-27 2007-07-13 Saint Gobain Vetrotex Mat de fibres naturelles et de verre
DE10211175C1 (de) * 2002-03-14 2003-11-13 Saertex Wagener Gmbh & Co Kg Textile Armierung
FR2839986B1 (fr) * 2002-05-21 2004-08-20 Chomarat Composites Renfort fibreux a fonction de barriere pour la realisation de pieces composites et pieces composites en faisant application
US20050079786A1 (en) * 2003-10-10 2005-04-14 Wilkins Rodney R. Fiberglass-polypropylene mat and method of forming a fiberglass-polypropylene mat
FR2920025B1 (fr) * 2007-08-14 2010-03-12 Saertex France Procede de realisation d'une armature avec une structure en 3d pour materiau composite, armature obtenue
EP2036701B1 (fr) * 2007-09-11 2012-10-03 Perick Management GmbH Structure stratifiée, ainsi que son procédé et dispositif de fabrication
DE102011105300A1 (de) * 2011-06-22 2012-12-27 Georg Weirather Behälter und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
FR2992000B1 (fr) * 2012-06-18 2015-01-02 Chomarat Textiles Ind Procede de fabrication d'une armature textile de renforcement pour materiaux composites, et armature ainsi obtenue
CN105951297B (zh) * 2016-07-13 2018-06-29 东莞市棉金棉业有限公司 等密度不等厚度毛毡的制作工艺

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3338777A (en) * 1966-05-11 1967-08-29 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Fiber glass mat and method of making same
FR1575765A (fr) * 1968-05-02 1969-07-25
FR2646442B1 (fr) * 1989-04-28 1993-04-02 Chomarat & Cie Armature textile utilisable pour la realisation de materiaux composites et articles en forme comportant une telle armature
FR2656341B1 (fr) * 1989-12-22 1992-03-20 Chomarat & Cie Materiau textile complexe utilisable pour le renforcement de resines.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ287643B6 (en) 2001-01-17
EP0745716A1 (fr) 1996-12-04
ATE181975T1 (de) 1999-07-15
DE69603128T2 (de) 1999-11-11
FR2734847A1 (fr) 1996-12-06
ES2133913T3 (es) 1999-09-16
DE69603128D1 (de) 1999-08-12
CZ148796A3 (en) 1996-12-11
FR2734847B1 (fr) 1997-07-04
US5667882A (en) 1997-09-16
DK0745716T3 (da) 2000-01-31

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