EP0744578A1 - Apparatus for injecting pressurized liquid in a vessel - Google Patents

Apparatus for injecting pressurized liquid in a vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0744578A1
EP0744578A1 EP96400510A EP96400510A EP0744578A1 EP 0744578 A1 EP0744578 A1 EP 0744578A1 EP 96400510 A EP96400510 A EP 96400510A EP 96400510 A EP96400510 A EP 96400510A EP 0744578 A1 EP0744578 A1 EP 0744578A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
enclosure
injection nozzle
liquid
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96400510A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0744578B1 (en
Inventor
Raymond Borasci
Daniel Nicolas
Alain Cloarec
Daniel Goumy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP0744578A1 publication Critical patent/EP0744578A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0744578B1 publication Critical patent/EP0744578B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/10—Arrangements for preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device intended for injecting, into an enclosure, a liquid under a pressure higher than that prevailing in the enclosure, this liquid being capable of solidifying by expansion until the pressure prevailing in the pregnant.
  • the invention was developed to solve problems encountered during the cooling of the contents of a kneader by injection of liquid CO 2 , but it is clear that the invention can have many other applications.
  • a known device for implementing this method comprises several injectors, arranged in the bottom of the tank, and supplied with liquid CO 2 by a set of pipes, this set being provided with a common, single control valve.
  • the pipes connecting the valve to the injectors are flexible, which allows disassembly, and therefore makes it possible to speed up the restarting of the system. This dismantling is however a relatively long and painful operation.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks, and to provide a device with which the blocking incidents which have just been indicated cannot occur under normal conditions of use.
  • the invention provides a device intended to inject, into an enclosure, a liquid under a pressure higher than that which prevails in the enclosure, this liquid being capable of solidifying by expansion, up to the pressure which prevails in the enclosure, this device comprising a supply duct permanently maintained under said pressure higher than that of the enclosure, a stop valve connected, on the one hand, to said supply duct and, on the other hand , to a substantially rectilinear injection nozzle, which opens into the enclosure.
  • This device having the particularity that the connection between the stop valve and the injection nozzle is calculated so that a plug possibly formed in said connection and said nozzle following a closing of the stop valve can be expelled to the enclosure by the pressurized liquid when the stop valve reopens.
  • the invention does not include means to prevent the formation of a plug, but it makes it possible to obtain the expulsion of this plug as soon as it is restarted, so that it is possible to carry out a new injection at any time after the end of a previous injection period.
  • connection between the stop valve and the injection nozzle consists of a substantially rectilinear passage with a section at most equal to that of the injector, and with an interior surface substantially free of accidents or roughness.
  • the valve comprises a valve body linked directly to the injector.
  • the passage between the valve and the injector can be made as short as possible, which reduces the importance of the plug accordingly.
  • valve body and the injector as an inseparable assembly, because normally there is no need to disassemble the assembly.
  • means are provided for rapidly separating the valve body from the injector, for cleaning.
  • Cleaning can be made necessary by abnormal operation, for example a plugging of the injector by a mass of the material contained in the enclosure, or by accidental pollution. Cleaning is compulsory in any case in the case of food products.
  • an actuating member of the valve mounted on the valve body, is connected to a fixed source of fluidic or electrical energy, by a flexible fluidic or electrical conduit.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show an enclosure 1, here a kneader, whose outer wall 2 is visible in section in Figure 2.
  • the enclosure 1 is equipped with a ramp consisting of several injection assemblies 3, supplied with CO 2 liquid by a heat-insulated supply pipe 5, a manifold 4 and flexible pipes 6, each provided, at the outlet of the manifold 4, with a shut-off valve 7.
  • each injection assembly comprises a ball valve 8, the inlet passage of which is connected to the hose 6.
  • a calibrated throttle suitable for injection and expansion of carbon dioxide. This constriction is integrated in the valve body.
  • the injection assembly also includes a short straight tube 9 coaxial with the outlet passage of the valve 8 and connected, by a connector 10, to a threaded sleeve which extends an injection nozzle 11 coaxial with the tube 9.
  • the passage of outlet of the valve, the tube 9 and the nozzle 11 have substantially the same internal diameter.
  • the nozzle 11 is fixed by welding to the wall 2 of the tank 1, and passes through this wall. It can be provided internally with an insulating sleeve preventing the transmission of cold to the walls of the tank, thus avoiding the freezing of the meat around the injection inlets.
  • the connector 10 is a quick-disconnect connector, of the screwed type. It could also be of the bayonet type or the like. As shown in the figure, the axis common to the nozzle 11 and to the ball valve 8 is directed downward at an angle of approximately 10 ° with the horizontal, according to a known technique, intended to obtain good penetration of the refrigerant to the lower part of the enclosure.
  • the valve 8 is associated with a pneumatic operator 12 and forms with it an assembly delivered all assembled by the valve manufacturer.
  • An electropneumatic pilot 13 is fixed on the operator 12, and supported by it.
  • the operator 12 also carries a sensor 14 intended to allow control of its position.
  • a connecting piece 15 which has the shape of a tube section of square section, with an axis parallel to the passage of the valve. This part 15 is crossed by the control shaft which connects the operator 12 to the valve 8.
  • a support 16 in the form of a plate, is held tight against the nozzle 11 by a nut. It carries two parallel support pins 17 which pass through the connecting piece 15.
  • the supports 16 relating to the different injection assemblies 3 of the ramp together carry a chute 18, inside which are placed electrical conductors and compressed air conduits, not shown.
  • the chute also contains, near each injector 3, a connection box 19 connected by flexible conduits and conductors 20, 21 to the operator 15, to the pilot 16, and to the position sensor 17.
  • the reference 22, at the Figure 3 denotes a connecting conductor between the connection box and a control member, not shown.
  • valve 8 In operation, the valve 8 is open, and the liquid CO 2 is sent directly, along a straight path, from the connector 10 into the interior of the enclosure 1, through the nozzle 11.
  • the pilot 16 controls the actuator 15, which closes the valve 8. Only part of the liquid CO 2 which is between the valve 8 and the interior of the enclosure 1 will relax by forming a small plug of dry ice. When resuming operations, if this plug has not disappeared, it is easily expelled by the pressure of the liquid CO 2 through the rectilinear conduit which ends inside the enclosure 1.
  • the disassembly of the injection assembly 3 is very easy. If the connector 10 is dismantled, the connecting piece 15 comes to rest on the pins 17 and gives direct access to the interior of the nozzle 11, which allows it to be inspected and cleaned, for example in case it would be obstructed by material contained in the kneader.
  • FIG. 4 is shown an alternative embodiment of an injection assembly.
  • This essentially comprises an injection nozzle 40 to which is connected a solenoid valve 42 supplied from a heat-insulated supply pipe via a bypass hose 44.
  • the nozzle 40 is formed by a metal sleeve with a stepped inner section, increasing in the direction of circulation of the carbon dioxide from a diameter of 5 mm to a diameter of 7 mm.
  • the outlet end of the nozzle 40 is welded to the outer metal wall 2 of the enclosure, so that its outlet axis is oriented downward and delimits with the horizontal an angle of 10 °.
  • the outlet end of the nozzle is bevelled to follow the curvature of the wall 2.
  • the length of the nozzle is for example about 7 cm. It is as small as possible and is limited to the length required to obtain sufficient clearance from wall 2 for mounting the solenoid valve 42.
  • the solenoid valve 42 is screwed axially directly at the inlet of the nozzle 40. It comprises a valve 46 associated with electromagnetic actuation means 48. The inlet of the valve 46 is connected to the flexible pipe 44 for supplying the dioxide liquid carbon.
  • the actuating means 48 comprising a solenoid are supplied by an electrical conductor 50 connected to an appropriate control device (not shown).
  • the valve 46 comprises a shutter intended to close a seat of the valve.
  • the passage in the valve seat forms a calibrated throttle suitable for the injection and expansion of carbon dioxide.
  • the dimensioning of the passage depends essentially on the supply pressure and the flow rate of carbon dioxide.
  • the electrical supply to the actuating means 48 causes the valve 46 to open or close, thereby enabling the supply of carbon dioxide to the enclosure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)

Abstract

Device for injecting pressurised liq. into a tank at a lower pressure, the liq. tending to solidify at this lower pressure, comprises a feed pipe maintained at the higher pressure, a stop-valve, and a straight injection nozzle opening into the tank. The connection between the stop-valve and the nozzle opening is such that a solid plug formed from the liq. when the gate is closed, can be expelled into the tank by the force of the pressurised liq. when the gate is re-opened.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un dispositif destiné à injecter, dans une enceinte, un liquide sous une pression supérieure à celle qui règne dans l'enceinte, ce liquide étant susceptible de se solidifier par détente jusqu'à la pression qui règne dans l'enceinte.The present invention relates to a device intended for injecting, into an enclosure, a liquid under a pressure higher than that prevailing in the enclosure, this liquid being capable of solidifying by expansion until the pressure prevailing in the pregnant.

L'invention a été mise au point pour résoudre des problèmes rencontrés lors du refroidissement du contenu d'un pétrin par injection de CO2 liquide, mais il est clair que l'invention peut avoir bien d'autres applications.The invention was developed to solve problems encountered during the cooling of the contents of a kneader by injection of liquid CO 2 , but it is clear that the invention can have many other applications.

Il est connu de refroidir le contenu d'un malaxeur ou d'un pétrin en introduisant du CO2 liquide à la base de la cuve du malaxeur ou pétrin. Le CO2 liquide, introduit sous pression par l'intermédiaire d'une buse d'injection, se transforme, dès sa détente, dans la buse, en solide (neige), et en gaz froid. Le solide se mélange au contenu du malaxeur et le refroidit, cependant que le gaz froid contribue également au refroidissement en traversant l'ensemble de la masse contenue dans la cuve.It is known to cool the contents of a kneader or kneader by introducing liquid CO 2 at the base of the tank of the kneader or kneader. The liquid CO 2 , introduced under pressure via an injection nozzle, is transformed, as soon as it is relaxed, in the nozzle, into solid (snow), and into cold gas. The solid mixes with the contents of the mixer and cools it, while the cold gas also contributes to cooling by passing through the entire mass contained in the tank.

Un dispositif connu pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé comporte plusieurs injecteurs, disposés dans le fond de la cuve, et alimentés en CO2 liquide par un ensemble de canalisations, cet ensemble étant pourvu d'une vanne de commande commune, unique.A known device for implementing this method comprises several injectors, arranged in the bottom of the tank, and supplied with liquid CO 2 by a set of pipes, this set being provided with a common, single control valve.

Lors d'une fermeture de la vanne, le CO2 liquide qui se trouve dans les canalisations en aval de cette vanne ne peut être évacué très rapidement par les injecteurs, et, lorsque la pression tombe au-dessous de 5,18 bars environ dans les canalisations, il se transforme en neige dans ces canalisations qui sont ainsi obstruées. Il est donc impossible de reprendre l'injection tant que cette neige n'a pas disparu en se transformant en gaz par réchauffement.When the valve closes, the liquid CO 2 that is in the pipes downstream of this valve cannot be removed very quickly by the injectors, and when the pressure drops below about 5.18 bars in the pipes, it turns into snow in these pipes which are thus obstructed. It is therefore impossible to resume injection until this snow has not disappeared and transformed into gas by heating.

On peut prévoir que les conduites reliant la vanne aux injecteurs sont flexibles, ce qui permet un démontage, et par conséquent permet d'accélérer la remise en marche du système. Ce démontage est cependant une opération relativement longue et pénible.It can be provided that the pipes connecting the valve to the injectors are flexible, which allows disassembly, and therefore makes it possible to speed up the restarting of the system. This dismantling is however a relatively long and painful operation.

Les mêmes inconvénients subsistent si, au lieu d'une vanne commune à tous les injecteurs, il est prévu plusieurs vannes indépendantes, reliées chacune à un injecteur par un conduit flexible distinct : des bouchages se produisent alors dans le conduit flexible.The same drawbacks remain if, instead of a valve common to all the injectors, several independent valves are provided, each connected to an injector by a separate flexible conduit: blockages then occur in the flexible conduit.

Il a été constaté que les bouchages se produisent lorsque la pression du CO2 liquide devient inférieure à 14 bars, ce qui arrive assez fréquemment lorsqu'on utilise des récipients de stockage dits "super-isolés", qui sont par ailleurs souvent préférés dans le but de limiter les pertes thermiques.It has been observed that blockages occur when the pressure of the liquid CO 2 becomes less than 14 bars, which happens quite frequently when so-called "super-insulated" storage containers are used, which are moreover often preferred in the aim of limiting thermal losses.

La présente invention a pour but de supprimer ces inconvénients, et de fournir un dispositif avec lequel les incidents de bouchage qu'on vient d'indiquer ne peuvent pas se produire dans les conditions normales d'utilisation.The object of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks, and to provide a device with which the blocking incidents which have just been indicated cannot occur under normal conditions of use.

Pour obtenir ce résultat, l'invention fournit un dispositif destiné à injecter, dans une enceinte, un liquide sous une pression supérieure à celle qui règne dans l'enceinte, ce liquide étant susceptible de solidifier par détente, jusqu'à la pression qui règne dans l'enceinte, ce dispositif comportant un conduit d'alimentation maintenu en permanence sous ladite pression supérieure à celle de l'enceinte, une vanne d'arrêt reliée, d'une part, audit conduit d'alimentation et, d'autre part, à une buse d'injection sensiblement rectiligne, qui débouche dans l'enceinte. Ce dispositif ayant la particularité que la liaison entre la vanne d'arrêt et la buse d'injection est calculée pour qu'un bouchon éventuellement formé dans ladite liaison et ladite buse à la suite d'une fermeture de la vanne d'arrêt puisse être expulsé vers l'enceinte par le liquide sous pression lors de la réouverture de la vanne d'arrêt.To obtain this result, the invention provides a device intended to inject, into an enclosure, a liquid under a pressure higher than that which prevails in the enclosure, this liquid being capable of solidifying by expansion, up to the pressure which prevails in the enclosure, this device comprising a supply duct permanently maintained under said pressure higher than that of the enclosure, a stop valve connected, on the one hand, to said supply duct and, on the other hand , to a substantially rectilinear injection nozzle, which opens into the enclosure. This device having the particularity that the connection between the stop valve and the injection nozzle is calculated so that a plug possibly formed in said connection and said nozzle following a closing of the stop valve can be expelled to the enclosure by the pressurized liquid when the stop valve reopens.

Ainsi l'invention ne comporte pas de moyens pour empêcher la formation de bouchon, mais elle permet d'obtenir l'expulsion de ce bouchon dès la remise en marche, si bien qu'il est possible de procéder à une nouvelle injection à n'importe quel moment après la fin d'une période antérieure d'injection.Thus, the invention does not include means to prevent the formation of a plug, but it makes it possible to obtain the expulsion of this plug as soon as it is restarted, so that it is possible to carry out a new injection at any time after the end of a previous injection period.

Suivant une modalité préférée, pour faciliter le départ du bouchon éventuel, il est prévu que la liaison entre la vanne d'arrêt et la buse d'injection est constituée par un passage sensiblement rectiligne de section au plus égale à celle de l'injecteur, et à surface intérieure sensiblement dépourvue d'accidents ou d'aspérités.According to a preferred method, to facilitate the departure of the possible plug, it is provided that the connection between the stop valve and the injection nozzle consists of a substantially rectilinear passage with a section at most equal to that of the injector, and with an interior surface substantially free of accidents or roughness.

Avantageusement, la vanne comporte un corps de vanne lié directement à l'injecteur.Advantageously, the valve comprises a valve body linked directly to the injector.

Dans ce cas, le passage entre la vanne et l'injecteur peut être réalisé aussi court que possible, ce qui diminue d'autant l'importance du bouchon.In this case, the passage between the valve and the injector can be made as short as possible, which reduces the importance of the plug accordingly.

Il serait possible de réaliser le corps de vanne et l'injecteur en un ensemble inséparable, parce que, normalement, il n'est pas nécessaire de recourir au démontage de l'ensemble. Cependant, de préférence, il est prévu des moyens pour séparer rapidement le corps de vanne de l'injecteur, en vue du nettoyage.It would be possible to make the valve body and the injector as an inseparable assembly, because normally there is no need to disassemble the assembly. However, preferably, means are provided for rapidly separating the valve body from the injector, for cleaning.

Le nettoyage peut être rendu nécessaire par un fonctionnement anormal, par exemple un bouchage de l'injecteur par une masse de la matière contenue dans l'enceinte, ou encore, par une pollution accidentelle. Le nettoyage est de toute façon obligatoire en cas de produits alimentaires.Cleaning can be made necessary by abnormal operation, for example a plugging of the injector by a mass of the material contained in the enclosure, or by accidental pollution. Cleaning is compulsory in any case in the case of food products.

Un démontage rapide permet un gain de temps appréciable.Quick disassembly saves significant time.

Suivant une réalisation préférée, un organe d'actionnement de la vanne, monté sur le corps de vanne, est relié à une source fixe d'énergie fluidique ou électrique, par un conduit flexible fluidique ou électrique.According to a preferred embodiment, an actuating member of the valve, mounted on the valve body, is connected to a fixed source of fluidic or electrical energy, by a flexible fluidic or electrical conduit.

Le démontage est ainsi encore facilité, car le conduit flexible n'a pas à être démonté pour le nettoyage.Disassembly is thus further facilitated, since the flexible conduit does not have to be disassembled for cleaning.

L'invention va maintenant être exposée de façon plus détaillée à l'aide d'un exemple pratique, illustré avec les dessins, parmi lesquels :

  • Figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'une installation comprenant un pétrin et des dispositifs conformes à l'invention,
  • Figure 2 est une vue, à plus grande échelle, d'une partie de l'installation de la figure 1, selon la linge II-II de la figure 1,
  • Figure 3 est une vue de côté, selon le plan III-III de la figure 2, et
  • Figure 4 est une vue, à plus grande échelle, d'une partie de l'installation de la figure 1, selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1, dans une variante de réalisation.
The invention will now be explained in more detail using a practical example, illustrated with the drawings, among which:
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation view of an installation comprising a kneader and devices according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a view, on a larger scale, of part of the installation of FIG. 1, according to the linen II-II of FIG. 1,
  • Figure 3 is a side view, along the plane III-III of Figure 2, and
  • Figure 4 is a view, on a larger scale, of part of the installation of Figure 1, along the line II-II of Figure 1, in an alternative embodiment.

Les figures 1 et 2 montrent une enceinte 1, ici un pétrin, dont la paroi extérieure 2 est visible en coupe à la figure 2. L'enceinte 1 est équipée d'une rampe constituée de plusieurs ensembles d'injection 3, alimentés en CO2 liquide par un tuyau d'alimentation calorifugé 5, un collecteur 4 et des tuyaux flexibles 6, pourvus chacun, à la sortie du collecteur 4, d'une vanne de sectionnement 7.Figures 1 and 2 show an enclosure 1, here a kneader, whose outer wall 2 is visible in section in Figure 2. The enclosure 1 is equipped with a ramp consisting of several injection assemblies 3, supplied with CO 2 liquid by a heat-insulated supply pipe 5, a manifold 4 and flexible pipes 6, each provided, at the outlet of the manifold 4, with a shut-off valve 7.

Comme cela est mieux visible sur les figures 1 et 2, chaque ensemble d'injection comprend une vanne à obturateur sphérique 8, dont le passage d'entrée est relié au flexible 6. Immédiatement en amont de l'obturateur sphérique 8, est disposé un étranglement calibré adapté pour l'injection et la détente du dioxyde de carbone. Cet étranglement est intégré dans le corps de vanne. L'ensemble d'injection comporte aussi un court tube rectiligne 9 coaxial au passage de sortie de la vanne 8 et relié, par un raccord 10, à un manchon fileté qui prolonge une buse d'injection 11 coaxiale au tube 9. Le passage de sortie de la vanne, le tube 9 et la buse 11 ont sensiblement le même diamètre intérieur. La buse 11 est fixée par soudage à la paroi 2 de la cuve 1, et traverse cette paroi. Elle peut être munie intérieurement d'un manchon isolant empêchant la transmission du froid aux parois de la cuve, évitant ainsi la congélation de la viande autour des entrées d'injection.As can be seen more clearly in FIGS. 1 and 2, each injection assembly comprises a ball valve 8, the inlet passage of which is connected to the hose 6. Immediately upstream of the ball valve 8, is arranged a calibrated throttle suitable for injection and expansion of carbon dioxide. This constriction is integrated in the valve body. The injection assembly also includes a short straight tube 9 coaxial with the outlet passage of the valve 8 and connected, by a connector 10, to a threaded sleeve which extends an injection nozzle 11 coaxial with the tube 9. The passage of outlet of the valve, the tube 9 and the nozzle 11 have substantially the same internal diameter. The nozzle 11 is fixed by welding to the wall 2 of the tank 1, and passes through this wall. It can be provided internally with an insulating sleeve preventing the transmission of cold to the walls of the tank, thus avoiding the freezing of the meat around the injection inlets.

Le raccord 10 est un raccord à démontage rapide, du type vissé. Il pourrait être aussi du type à baïonnette ou analogue. Comme le montre la figure, l'axe commun à la buse 11 et à la vanne à obturateur sphérique 8 est dirigée vers le bas faisant un angle d'environ 10° avec l'horizontale, selon une technique connue, destinée à obtenir une bonne pénétration du fluide réfrigérant jusqu'à la partie inférieure de l'enceinte.The connector 10 is a quick-disconnect connector, of the screwed type. It could also be of the bayonet type or the like. As shown in the figure, the axis common to the nozzle 11 and to the ball valve 8 is directed downward at an angle of approximately 10 ° with the horizontal, according to a known technique, intended to obtain good penetration of the refrigerant to the lower part of the enclosure.

La vanne 8 est associée à un opérateur pneumatique 12 et forme avec lui un ensemble livré tout assemblé par le constructeur de la vanne.The valve 8 is associated with a pneumatic operator 12 and forms with it an assembly delivered all assembled by the valve manufacturer.

Un pilote électropneumatique 13 est fixé sur l'opérateur 12, et supporté par lui. L'opérateur 12 porte également un capteur 14 destiné à permettre le contrôle de sa position.An electropneumatic pilot 13 is fixed on the operator 12, and supported by it. The operator 12 also carries a sensor 14 intended to allow control of its position.

Entre l'opérateur 12 et le corps de la vanne 8, est disposée une pièce de liaison 15, qui a la forme d'un tronçon de tube à section carrée, à axe parallèle au passage de la vanne. Cette pièce 15 est traversée par l'arbre de commande qui relie l'opérateur 12 à la vanne 8.Between the operator 12 and the body of the valve 8, there is disposed a connecting piece 15, which has the shape of a tube section of square section, with an axis parallel to the passage of the valve. This part 15 is crossed by the control shaft which connects the operator 12 to the valve 8.

Un support 16, en forme de plaquette, est maintenu serré contre la buse 11 par un écrou. Il porte deux broches de soutien parallèles 17 qui traversent la pièce de liaison 15.A support 16, in the form of a plate, is held tight against the nozzle 11 by a nut. It carries two parallel support pins 17 which pass through the connecting piece 15.

Les supports 16 relatifs aux différents ensembles d'injection 3 de la rampe portent ensemble une goulotte 18, à l'intérieur de laquelle sont placés des conducteurs électriques et des conduits d'air comprimé, non représentés. La goulotte contient également, à proximité de chaque injecteur 3, une boîte de raccordement 19 reliée par des conduits et conducteurs souples 20, 21 à l'opérateur 15, au pilote 16, et au capteur de position 17. La référence 22, à la figure 3, désigne un conducteur de liaison entre la boîte de raccordement et un organe de commande, non représenté.The supports 16 relating to the different injection assemblies 3 of the ramp together carry a chute 18, inside which are placed electrical conductors and compressed air conduits, not shown. The chute also contains, near each injector 3, a connection box 19 connected by flexible conduits and conductors 20, 21 to the operator 15, to the pilot 16, and to the position sensor 17. The reference 22, at the Figure 3 denotes a connecting conductor between the connection box and a control member, not shown.

En fonctionnement, la vanne 8 est ouverte, et le CO2 liquide est envoyé directement, selon un trajet rectiligne, depuis le raccord 10 jusque dans l'intérieur de l'enceinte 1, à travers la buse 11. Lorsqu'il est nécessaire d'arrêter l'alimentation en CO2 liquide, le pilote 16 commande l'actionneur 15, qui ferme la vanne 8. Seule une partie du CO2 liquide qui se trouve entre la vanne 8 et l'intérieur de l'enceinte 1 va se détendre en formant un bouchon peu important de neige carbonique. Lors de la reprise des opérations, si ce bouchon n'a pas disparu, il est facilement expulsé par la pression du CO2 liquide à travers le conduit rectiligne qui se termine à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 1.In operation, the valve 8 is open, and the liquid CO 2 is sent directly, along a straight path, from the connector 10 into the interior of the enclosure 1, through the nozzle 11. When it is necessary to '' stop the supply of liquid CO 2 , the pilot 16 controls the actuator 15, which closes the valve 8. Only part of the liquid CO 2 which is between the valve 8 and the interior of the enclosure 1 will relax by forming a small plug of dry ice. When resuming operations, if this plug has not disappeared, it is easily expelled by the pressure of the liquid CO 2 through the rectilinear conduit which ends inside the enclosure 1.

On observera que les démontages de l'ensemble d'injection 3 sont très faciles. Si on démonte le raccord 10, la pièce de liaison 15 vient reposer sur les broches 17 et dégage un accès direct à l'intérieur de la buse 11, ce qui permet de l'inspecter, et la nettoyer, par exemple au cas où elle serait obstruée par de la matière contenue dans le pétrin.It will be observed that the disassembly of the injection assembly 3 is very easy. If the connector 10 is dismantled, the connecting piece 15 comes to rest on the pins 17 and gives direct access to the interior of the nozzle 11, which allows it to be inspected and cleaned, for example in case it would be obstructed by material contained in the kneader.

Sur la figure 4 est représentée une variante de réalisation d'un ensemble d'injection. Celui-ci comporte essentiellement une buse d'injection 40 sur laquelle est reliée une électrovanne 42 alimentée depuis un tuyau d'alimentation calorifugé via un flexible de dérivation 44.In Figure 4 is shown an alternative embodiment of an injection assembly. This essentially comprises an injection nozzle 40 to which is connected a solenoid valve 42 supplied from a heat-insulated supply pipe via a bypass hose 44.

La buse 40 est formée par un manchon métallique à section intérieure étagée, croissante suivant le sens de circulation du dioxyde de carbone depuis un diamètre de 5 mm jusqu'à un diamètre de 7 mm. L'extrémité de sortie de la buse 40 est soudée à la paroi métallique extérieure 2 de l'enceinte, de telle sorte que son axe de sortie est orienté vers le bas et délimite avec l'horizontale un angle de 10°. L'extrémité de sortie de la buse est biseautée pour suivre la courbure de la paroi 2.The nozzle 40 is formed by a metal sleeve with a stepped inner section, increasing in the direction of circulation of the carbon dioxide from a diameter of 5 mm to a diameter of 7 mm. The outlet end of the nozzle 40 is welded to the outer metal wall 2 of the enclosure, so that its outlet axis is oriented downward and delimits with the horizontal an angle of 10 °. The outlet end of the nozzle is bevelled to follow the curvature of the wall 2.

La longueur de la buse est par exemple d'environ 7 cm. Elle est aussi réduite que possible et est limitée à la longueur nécessaire afin d'obtenir un dégagement suffisant par rapport à la paroi 2 pour le montage de l'électrovanne 42.The length of the nozzle is for example about 7 cm. It is as small as possible and is limited to the length required to obtain sufficient clearance from wall 2 for mounting the solenoid valve 42.

L'électrovanne 42 est vissée axialement directement à l'entrée de la buse 40. Elle comporte une vanne 46 associée à des moyens d'actionnement électromagnétiques 48. L'entrée de la vanne 46 est reliée au flexible 44 d'amenée du dioxyde de carbone liquide. Les moyens d'actionnement 48 comportant un solénoïde sont alimentés par un conducteur électrique 50 connecté à un dispositif de pilotage approprié (non représenté).The solenoid valve 42 is screwed axially directly at the inlet of the nozzle 40. It comprises a valve 46 associated with electromagnetic actuation means 48. The inlet of the valve 46 is connected to the flexible pipe 44 for supplying the dioxide liquid carbon. The actuating means 48 comprising a solenoid are supplied by an electrical conductor 50 connected to an appropriate control device (not shown).

La vanne 46 comporte un obturateur destiné à obturer un siège de la vanne. Le passage ménagé dans le siège de vanne forme un étranglement calibré adapté pour l'injection et la détente du dioxyde de carbone. Le dimensionnement du passage dépend essentiellement de la pression d'alimentation et du débit du dioxyde de carbone.The valve 46 comprises a shutter intended to close a seat of the valve. The passage in the valve seat forms a calibrated throttle suitable for the injection and expansion of carbon dioxide. The dimensioning of the passage depends essentially on the supply pressure and the flow rate of carbon dioxide.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'alimentation électrique des moyens d'actionnement 48 provoque l'ouverture ou la fermeture de la vanne 46, permettant ainsi la commande de l'alimentation de l'enceinte en dioxyde de carbone.In this embodiment, the electrical supply to the actuating means 48 causes the valve 46 to open or close, thereby enabling the supply of carbon dioxide to the enclosure.

On conçoit qu'avec un tel agencement, le trajet du dioxyde de carbone depuis la vanne jusqu'à l'entrée de l'enceinte est minimisé puisque la vanne et l'étranglement sont disposés au voisinage immédiat de l'entrée de l'enceinte. Ainsi, les risques de formation de neige carbonique sont largement réduits puisque les volumes morts en aval de la vanne sont minimisés.It is understood that with such an arrangement, the path of carbon dioxide from the valve to the inlet of the enclosure is minimized since the valve and the throttle are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the inlet of the enclosure . Thus, the risks of carbon dioxide snow formation are greatly reduced since the dead volumes downstream of the valve are minimized.

De plus, comme précédemment, si un bouchon est apparu, il est facilement expulsé par la pression du CO2 liquide issu de la vanne.In addition, as before, if a plug has appeared, it is easily expelled by the pressure of the liquid CO 2 coming from the valve.

Claims (10)

Dispositif destiné à injecter, dans une enceinte (1), un liquide sous une pression supérieure à celle qui règne dans l'enceinte, ce liquide étant susceptible de solidifier par détente, jusqu'à la pression qui règne dans l'enceinte, ce dispositif comportant un conduit d'alimentation maintenu (4, 5, 6 ; 44) en permanence sous ladite pression supérieure à celle de l'enceinte, une vanne d'arrêt (8 ; 46) reliée, d'une part, audit conduit d'alimentation et, d'autre part, à une buse d'injection (11 ; 40) sensiblement rectiligne, qui débouche dans l'enceinte, caractérisé en ce que la liaison entre la vanne d'arrêt et la buse d'injection est calculée pour qu'un bouchon éventuellement formé dans ladite liaison et ladite buse à la suite d'une fermeture de la vanne d'arrêt puisse être expulsé vers l'enceinte par le liquide sous pression lors de la réouverture de la vanne d'arrêt. Device intended for injecting, into an enclosure (1), a liquid under a pressure higher than that which prevails in the enclosure, this liquid being capable of solidifying by expansion, up to the pressure which prevails in the enclosure, this device comprising a supply duct maintained (4, 5, 6; 44) permanently under said pressure higher than that of the enclosure, a stop valve (8; 46) connected, on the one hand, to said duct supply and, on the other hand, to a substantially straight injection nozzle (11; 40), which opens into the enclosure, characterized in that the connection between the stop valve and the injection nozzle is calculated so that a plug possibly formed in said connection and said nozzle following closure of the stop valve can be expelled to the enclosure by the pressurized liquid when the stop valve reopens. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la liaison entre la vanne d'arrêt (8 ; 46) et la buse d'injection (11 ; 40) est constituée par un passage sensiblement rectiligne de section au plus égale à celle de la buse d'injection, et à surface intérieure sensiblement dépourvue d'accidents ou d'aspérités.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection between the shut-off valve (8; 46) and the injection nozzle (11; 40) consists of a substantially straight passage with a cross section at most equal to that of the injection nozzle, and with an interior surface substantially free of accidents or roughness. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la vanne d'arrêt (8 ; 46) et la buse d'injection (11 ; 40) sont disposées au voisinage immédiat de l'entrée de l'enceinte (1), minimisant le trajet dudit liquide depuis la vanne (8 ; 46) jusqu'à l'entrée de l'enceinte (1).Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shut-off valve (8; 46) and the injection nozzle (11; 40) are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the inlet of the enclosure (1), minimizing the path of said liquid from the valve (8; 46) to the inlet of the enclosure (1). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la vanne comporte un corps de vanne (46) lié directement à la buse d'injection (11 ; 40).Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the valve comprises a valve body (46) linked directly to the injection nozzle (11; 40). Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu des moyens pour séparer rapidement le corps de vanne de l'injecteur, en vue du nettoyage.Device according to claim 4, characterized in that means are provided for rapidly separating the valve body from the injector, for cleaning. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un organe d'actionnement (12, 13) de la vanne (8), monté sur le corps de vanne, est relié à une source d'énergie fluidique et/ou électrique, par un conduit flexible (20, 21) fluidique ou électrique.Device according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that an actuating member (12, 13) of the valve (8), mounted on the valve body, is connected to a source of fluid energy and / or electrical, by a flexible conduit (20, 21) fluidic or electrical. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un étranglement calibré est intégré dans ladite vanne d'arrêt (8 ; 46).Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a calibrated throttle is integrated in said stop valve (8; 46). Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'étranglement est formé par le passage ménagé dans le siège de la vanne (46).Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the constriction is formed by the passage formed in the seat of the valve (46). Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'étranglement est prévu dans le corps de vanne, en amont de l'obturateur de la vanne (8).Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the throttle is provided in the valve body, upstream of the valve shutter (8). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la buse (11) comporte intérieurement un manchon isolant.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nozzle (11) internally comprises an insulating sleeve.
EP19960400510 1995-05-24 1996-03-12 Apparatus for injecting pressurized liquid in a vessel Expired - Lifetime EP0744578B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9506233A FR2734624B1 (en) 1995-05-24 1995-05-24 DEVICE FOR INJECTING LIQUID UNDER PRESSURE INTO A CHAMBER
FR9506233 1995-05-24

Publications (2)

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EP0744578A1 true EP0744578A1 (en) 1996-11-27
EP0744578B1 EP0744578B1 (en) 2000-10-11

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EP (1) EP0744578B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69610578T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2150641T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2734624B1 (en)
PT (1) PT744578E (en)

Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2764366A1 (en) 1997-06-10 1998-12-11 Air Liquide METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR COOLING THE CONTENT OF A SPEAKER
FR2779212A1 (en) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-03 Air Liquide Storage container for liquid carbon dioxide
FR2903482A1 (en) * 2006-07-10 2008-01-11 Air Liquide CRYOGENIC FLUID INJECTION SYSTEM FOR TREATING BULK PRODUCTS
WO2011030047A1 (en) 2009-09-10 2011-03-17 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Method and equipment for cooling the contents of a chamber implementing a forced-convection system in the top portion of the chamber
WO2011070283A1 (en) 2009-12-08 2011-06-16 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Method and apparatus for cooling and/or deep-freezing materials implementing the injection of two cryogenic liquids
EP3847901A1 (en) 2020-01-10 2021-07-14 L'air Liquide Société Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and installation for transforming a liquid or pasty product into frozen particles in a rotary mincing device ( cutter )

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2808584B1 (en) 2000-05-03 2002-08-30 Carboxyque Francaise METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING AND CONTROLLING THE INJECTION OF A REGRIGERANT FLUID INTO A MIXING ENCLOSURE

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US4344290A (en) * 1981-08-24 1982-08-17 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Process and apparatus for in-line slush making for concrete cooling
EP0376823A1 (en) * 1988-12-28 1990-07-04 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process and device for the flow rate control of liquid CO2, and their use in a cooling tunnel

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US4344290A (en) * 1981-08-24 1982-08-17 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Process and apparatus for in-line slush making for concrete cooling
EP0376823A1 (en) * 1988-12-28 1990-07-04 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process and device for the flow rate control of liquid CO2, and their use in a cooling tunnel

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2764366A1 (en) 1997-06-10 1998-12-11 Air Liquide METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR COOLING THE CONTENT OF A SPEAKER
WO1998057106A1 (en) 1997-06-10 1998-12-17 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and installation for cooling the contents of a chamber
US6026648A (en) * 1997-06-10 2000-02-22 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and apparatus for cooling the content of a vessel
FR2779212A1 (en) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-03 Air Liquide Storage container for liquid carbon dioxide
FR2903482A1 (en) * 2006-07-10 2008-01-11 Air Liquide CRYOGENIC FLUID INJECTION SYSTEM FOR TREATING BULK PRODUCTS
WO2008007000A2 (en) * 2006-07-10 2008-01-17 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Cryogenic fluid injection system for processing products in bulk and method of cooling implementing said system
WO2008007000A3 (en) * 2006-07-10 2008-03-13 Air Liquide Cryogenic fluid injection system for processing products in bulk and method of cooling implementing said system
US8621878B2 (en) 2006-07-10 2014-01-07 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Cryogenic fluid injection system for processing products in bulk and method of cooling implementing said system
WO2011030047A1 (en) 2009-09-10 2011-03-17 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Method and equipment for cooling the contents of a chamber implementing a forced-convection system in the top portion of the chamber
WO2011070283A1 (en) 2009-12-08 2011-06-16 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Method and apparatus for cooling and/or deep-freezing materials implementing the injection of two cryogenic liquids
EP3847901A1 (en) 2020-01-10 2021-07-14 L'air Liquide Société Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and installation for transforming a liquid or pasty product into frozen particles in a rotary mincing device ( cutter )
FR3106036A1 (en) 2020-01-10 2021-07-16 Air Liquide France Industrie Process and Plant for transforming a liquid or pasty product into frozen particles in a rotary chopping machine ("cutter")

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69610578D1 (en) 2000-11-16
FR2734624A1 (en) 1996-11-29
ES2150641T3 (en) 2000-12-01
DE69610578T2 (en) 2001-03-01
PT744578E (en) 2001-01-31
FR2734624B1 (en) 1997-07-04
EP0744578B1 (en) 2000-10-11

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