EP0744578B1 - Apparatus for injecting pressurized liquid in a vessel - Google Patents
Apparatus for injecting pressurized liquid in a vessel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0744578B1 EP0744578B1 EP19960400510 EP96400510A EP0744578B1 EP 0744578 B1 EP0744578 B1 EP 0744578B1 EP 19960400510 EP19960400510 EP 19960400510 EP 96400510 A EP96400510 A EP 96400510A EP 0744578 B1 EP0744578 B1 EP 0744578B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- vessel
- nozzle
- liquid
- injection nozzle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019592 roughness Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/10—Arrangements for preventing freezing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
- F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
- F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device intended for injecting, into an enclosure, a liquid under a pressure higher than that prevailing in the enclosure, this liquid being liable to solidify by expansion up to the pressure in the enclosure.
- the invention was developed to solve problems encountered during the cooling of the contents of a kneader by injection of liquid CO 2 , but it is clear that the invention can have many other applications.
- a known device for implementing this method comprises several injectors, arranged in the bottom of the tank, and supplied with liquid CO 2 by a set of pipes, this set being provided with a common, single control valve.
- Provision may be made for the pipes connecting the valve the injectors are flexible, allowing disassembly, and consequently accelerates the restarting of the system. This dismantling is however an operation relatively long and painful.
- a device for injecting in an enclosure a susceptible liquid to solidify by relaxation is known from document EP-A-376 823.
- the object of the present invention is to eliminate these disadvantages, and to provide a device with which the clogging incidents just reported cannot occur under normal conditions of use.
- the invention provides a device according to claim 1 below.
- the invention does not include means for prevent plugging, but it helps the expulsion of this plug upon restarting, so that it is possible to re-inject at any time after the end of a previous period injection.
- the valve comprises a valve body linked directly to the injector.
- the passage between the valve and the injector can be made as short as possible, which decreases the importance of the plug accordingly.
- valve body and the injector into an inseparable whole, because, normally there is no need to disassemble from the whole.
- Cleaning may be required by a abnormal operation, for example a blockage of the injector by a mass of the material contained in the enclosure, or by accidental pollution. Cleaning is in any case compulsory in the case of food products.
- an organ valve actuation mounted on the valve body, is connected to a fixed source of fluidic or electrical energy, by a flexible fluidic or electric conduit.
- Disassembly is thus further facilitated, because the flexible duct does not have to be dismantled for cleaning.
- Figures 1 and 2 show an enclosure 1, here a kneader, whose outer wall 2 is visible in section in Figure 2.
- the enclosure 1 is equipped with a ramp consisting of several injection assemblies 3, supplied with CO 2 liquid by a heat-insulated supply pipe 5, a manifold 4 and flexible pipes 6, each provided, at the outlet of the manifold 4, with a shut-off valve 7.
- each injection set includes a shut-off valve spherical 8, the inlet passage of which is connected to the flexible 6.
- a calibrated throttle suitable for injection and carbon dioxide expansion.
- This throttle is integrated in the valve body.
- the injection assembly also includes a short straight tube 9 coaxial at the outlet passage of the valve 8 and connected, by a connector 10, to a threaded sleeve which extends an injection nozzle 11 coaxial with the tube 9.
- the valve outlet passage, the tube 9 has an inner diameter smaller than that of the nozzle 11.
- the nozzle 11 is fixed by welding to the wall 2 of the tank 1, and passes through this wall. It can be fitted internally with a sleeve insulation preventing the transmission of cold to the walls of the tank, thus avoiding the freezing of the meat around the injection inputs.
- the connector 10 is a quick-disconnect connector, from the screwed type. It could also be of the bayonet type or similar. As shown in the figure, the axis common to the nozzle 11 and to the ball valve 8 is directed towards the bottom making an angle of about 10 ° with the horizontal, depending a known technique, intended to obtain good penetration of the refrigerant to the part bottom of the enclosure.
- the valve 8 is associated with a pneumatic operator 12 and forms with it a set delivered all assembled by the valve manufacturer.
- An electropneumatic pilot 13 is fixed on operator 12, and supported by him.
- the operator 12 carries also a sensor 14 intended to allow the control of its position.
- a connecting piece 15 which has the shape of a section of square section tube, with axis parallel to the passage of the valve. This part 15 is crossed by the control shaft which connects the operator 12 to the valve 8.
- the supports 16 relating to the different assemblies injection 3 of the ramp together carry a chute 18, at inside which conductors are placed electrical and compressed air lines, not shown.
- the chute also contains, near each injector 3, a connection box 19 connected by flexible conduits and conductors 20, 21 to operator 15, to pilot 16, and to the position sensor 14.
- the reference 22, at Figure 3, designates a connecting conductor between the box connection and a control member, not shown.
- the valve 8 In operation, the valve 8 is open, and the liquid CO 2 is sent directly, along a rectilinear path, from the connector 10 into the interior of the enclosure 1, through the nozzle 11.
- the pilot 13 controls the actuator 15, which closes the valve 8. Only part of the liquid CO 2 which is between the valve 8 and the interior of the enclosure 1 will relax by forming a small plug of dry ice. When resuming operations, if this plug has not disappeared, it is easily expelled by the pressure of the liquid CO 2 through the rectilinear conduit which ends inside the enclosure 1.
- FIG 4 is shown a variant of production of an injection assembly.
- This includes essentially an injection nozzle 40 on which is connected a solenoid valve 42 supplied from a pipe insulated supply via a bypass hose 44.
- the nozzle 40 is formed by a metal sleeve with stepped interior section, increasing in the direction of circulation of carbon dioxide from a diameter of 5 mm up to a diameter of 7 mm.
- the outlet end of the nozzle 40 is welded to the outer metal wall 2 of the enclosure, so that its outlet axis is oriented downwards and defines with the horizontal an angle of 10 °.
- the outlet end of the nozzle is bevelled to follow the wall curvature 2.
- the length of the nozzle is for example around 7 cm. It is as small as possible and is limited to the necessary length to obtain sufficient clearance relative to wall 2 for mounting the solenoid valve 42.
- the solenoid valve 42 is screwed axially directly at the inlet of the nozzle 40. It comprises an associated valve 46 to electromagnetic actuation means 48. The input of the valve 46 is connected to the flexible pipe 44 for supplying the dioxide liquid carbon.
- the actuating means 48 comprising a solenoid are powered by an electrical conductor 50 connected to an appropriate control device (not represented).
- the valve 46 includes a shutter intended to shut off a valve seat.
- the passage in the seat of valve forms a calibrated throttle suitable for injection and the expansion of carbon dioxide.
- the dimensioning of the passage depends mainly on the supply pressure and the flow of carbon dioxide.
- the power supply actuating means 48 causes the opening or closing the valve 46, thus allowing the control of supplying the enclosure with carbon dioxide.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
- Lift Valve (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
Description
La présente invention est relative à un dispositif destiné à injecter, dans une enceinte, un liquide sous une pression supérieure à celle qui règne dans l'enceinte, ce liquide étant susceptible de se solidifier par détente jusqu'à la pression qui règne dans l'enceinte.The present invention relates to a device intended for injecting, into an enclosure, a liquid under a pressure higher than that prevailing in the enclosure, this liquid being liable to solidify by expansion up to the pressure in the enclosure.
L'invention a été mise au point pour résoudre des problèmes rencontrés lors du refroidissement du contenu d'un pétrin par injection de CO2 liquide, mais il est clair que l'invention peut avoir bien d'autres applications.The invention was developed to solve problems encountered during the cooling of the contents of a kneader by injection of liquid CO 2 , but it is clear that the invention can have many other applications.
Il est connu de refroidir le contenu d'un malaxeur ou d'un pétrin en introduisant du CO2 liquide à la base de la cuve du malaxeur ou pétrin. Le CO2 liquide, introduit sous pression par l'intermédiaire d'une buse d'injection, se transforme, dès sa détente, dans la buse, en solide (neige), et en gaz froid. Le solide se mélange au contenu du malaxeur et le refroidit, cependant que le gaz froid contribue également au refroidissement en traversant l'ensemble de la masse contenue dans la cuve.It is known to cool the contents of a kneader or kneader by introducing liquid CO 2 at the base of the tank of the kneader or kneader. The liquid CO 2 , introduced under pressure via an injection nozzle, is transformed, as soon as it is relaxed, in the nozzle, into solid (snow), and into cold gas. The solid mixes with the contents of the mixer and cools it, while the cold gas also contributes to cooling by passing through the entire mass contained in the tank.
Un dispositif connu pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé comporte plusieurs injecteurs, disposés dans le fond de la cuve, et alimentés en CO2 liquide par un ensemble de canalisations, cet ensemble étant pourvu d'une vanne de commande commune, unique.A known device for implementing this method comprises several injectors, arranged in the bottom of the tank, and supplied with liquid CO 2 by a set of pipes, this set being provided with a common, single control valve.
Lors d'une fermeture de la vanne, le CO2 liquide qui se trouve dans les canalisations en aval de cette vanne ne peut être évacué très rapidement par les injecteurs, et, lorsque la pression tombe au-dessous de 5,18 bars environ dans les canalisations, il se transforme en neige dans ces canalisations qui sont ainsi obstruées. Il est donc impossible de reprendre l'injection tant que cette neige n'a pas disparu en se transformant en gaz par réchauffement.When the valve closes, the liquid CO 2 which is in the pipes downstream of this valve cannot be removed very quickly by the injectors, and when the pressure drops below about 5.18 bars in the pipes, it turns into snow in these pipes which are thus obstructed. It is therefore impossible to resume injection until this snow has disappeared by turning into gas by heating.
On peut prévoir que les conduites reliant la vanne aux injecteurs sont flexibles, ce qui permet un démontage, et par conséquent permet d'accélérer la remise en marche du système. Ce démontage est cependant une opération relativement longue et pénible. Provision may be made for the pipes connecting the valve the injectors are flexible, allowing disassembly, and consequently accelerates the restarting of the system. This dismantling is however an operation relatively long and painful.
Les mêmes inconvénients subsistent si, au lieu d'une vanne commune à tous les injecteurs, il est prévu plusieurs vannes indépendantes, reliées chacune à un injecteur par un conduit flexible distinct : des bouchages se produisent alors dans le conduit flexible.The same disadvantages remain if, instead of a valve common to all injectors, there are several independent valves, each connected to an injector by a separate flexible duct: blockages then occur in the flexible duct.
Il a été constaté que les bouchages se produisent lorsque la pression du CO2 liquide devient inférieure à 14 bars, ce qui arrive assez fréquemment lorsqu'on utilise des récipients de stockage dits "super-isolés", qui sont par ailleurs souvent préférés dans le but de limiter les pertes thermiques.It has been found that blockages occur when the pressure of liquid CO2 falls below 14 bars, which happens quite frequently when using so-called "super-insulated" storage containers, which are elsewhere often preferred in order to limit losses thermal.
Un dispositif destiné à injecter dans une enceinte un liquide suceptible de se solidifier par détente est connu du document EP-A-376 823.A device for injecting in an enclosure a susceptible liquid to solidify by relaxation is known from document EP-A-376 823.
La présente invention a pour but de supprimer ces inconvénients, et de fournir un dispositif avec lequel les incidents de bouchage qu'on vient d'indiquer ne peuvent pas se produire dans les conditions normales d'utilisation.The object of the present invention is to eliminate these disadvantages, and to provide a device with which the clogging incidents just reported cannot occur under normal conditions of use.
Pour obtenir ce résultat, l'invention fournit un
dispositif conforme à la revendication 1 ci-après.To obtain this result, the invention provides a
device according to
Ainsi l'invention ne comporte pas de moyens pour empêcher la formation de bouchon, mais elle permet d'obtenir l'expulsion de ce bouchon dès la remise en marche, si bien qu'il est possible de procéder à une nouvelle injection à n'importe quel moment après la fin d'une période antérieure d'injection.Thus the invention does not include means for prevent plugging, but it helps the expulsion of this plug upon restarting, so that it is possible to re-inject at any time after the end of a previous period injection.
Avantageusement, la vanne comporte un corps de vanne lié directement à l'injecteur.Advantageously, the valve comprises a valve body linked directly to the injector.
Dans ce cas, le passage entre la vanne et l'injecteur peut être réalisé aussi court que possible, ce qui diminue d'autant l'importance du bouchon.In this case, the passage between the valve and the injector can be made as short as possible, which decreases the importance of the plug accordingly.
Il serait possible de réaliser le corps de vanne et l'injecteur en un ensemble inséparable, parce que, normalement, il n'est pas nécessaire de recourir au démontage de l'ensemble. Cependant, de préférence, il est prévu des moyens pour séparer rapidement le corps de vanne de l'injecteur, en vue du nettoyage.It would be possible to make the valve body and the injector into an inseparable whole, because, normally there is no need to disassemble from the whole. Preferably, however, provision is made for means for rapidly separating the valve body from the injector for cleaning.
Le nettoyage peut être rendu nécessaire par un fonctionnement anormal, par exemple un bouchage de l'injecteur par une masse de la matière contenue dans l'enceinte, ou encore, par une pollution accidentelle. Le nettoyage est de toute façon obligatoire en cas de produits alimentaires.Cleaning may be required by a abnormal operation, for example a blockage of the injector by a mass of the material contained in the enclosure, or by accidental pollution. Cleaning is in any case compulsory in the case of food products.
Un démontage rapide permet un gain de temps appréciable.Quick disassembly saves time appreciable.
Suivant une réalisation préférée, un organe d'actionnement de la vanne, monté sur le corps de vanne, est relié à une source fixe d'énergie fluidique ou électrique, par un conduit flexible fluidique ou électrique.According to a preferred embodiment, an organ valve actuation, mounted on the valve body, is connected to a fixed source of fluidic or electrical energy, by a flexible fluidic or electric conduit.
Le démontage est ainsi encore facilité, car le conduit flexible n'a pas à être démonté pour le nettoyage.Disassembly is thus further facilitated, because the flexible duct does not have to be dismantled for cleaning.
L'invention va maintenant être exposée de façon plus
détaillée à l'aide d'un exemple pratique, illustré avec les
dessins, parmi lesquels :
Les figures 1 et 2 montrent une enceinte 1, ici un
pétrin, dont la paroi extérieure 2 est visible en coupe à la
figure 2. L'enceinte 1 est équipée d'une rampe constituée de
plusieurs ensembles d'injection 3, alimentés en CO2 liquide
par un tuyau d'alimentation calorifugé 5, un collecteur 4 et
des tuyaux flexibles 6, pourvus chacun, à la sortie du
collecteur 4, d'une vanne de sectionnement 7.Figures 1 and 2 show an
Comme cela est mieux visible sur les figures 1 et 2,
chaque ensemble d'injection comprend une vanne à obturateur
sphérique 8, dont le passage d'entrée est relié au flexible
6. Immédiatement en amont de l'obturateur sphérique 8, est
disposé un étranglement calibré adapté pour l'injection et la
détente du dioxyde de carbone. Cet étranglement est intégré
dans le corps de vanne. L'ensemble d'injection comporte aussi
un court tube rectiligne 9 coaxial au passage de sortie de la
vanne 8 et relié, par un raccord 10, à un manchon fileté qui
prolonge une buse d'injection 11 coaxiale au tube 9. Le
passage de sortie de la vanne, le tube 9 a un diamètre intérieur inférieur à celui de la buse 11. La buse 11 est fixée
par soudage à la paroi 2 de la cuve 1, et traverse cette
paroi. Elle peut être munie intérieurement d'un manchon
isolant empêchant la transmission du froid aux parois de la
cuve, évitant ainsi la congélation de la viande autour des
entrées d'injection. As is best seen in Figures 1 and 2,
each injection set includes a shut-off valve
spherical 8, the inlet passage of which is connected to the flexible
6. Immediately upstream of the
Le raccord 10 est un raccord à démontage rapide, du
type vissé. Il pourrait être aussi du type à baïonnette ou
analogue. Comme le montre la figure, l'axe commun à la buse
11 et à la vanne à obturateur sphérique 8 est dirigée vers le
bas faisant un angle d'environ 10° avec l'horizontale, selon
une technique connue, destinée à obtenir une bonne
pénétration du fluide réfrigérant jusqu'à la partie
inférieure de l'enceinte.The
La vanne 8 est associée à un opérateur pneumatique
12 et forme avec lui un ensemble livré tout assemblé par le
constructeur de la vanne.The
Un pilote électropneumatique 13 est fixé sur
l'opérateur 12, et supporté par lui. L'opérateur 12 porte
également un capteur 14 destiné à permettre le contrôle de sa
position.An
Entre l'opérateur 12 et le corps de la vanne 8, est
disposée une pièce de liaison 15, qui a la forme d'un tronçon
de tube à section carrée, à axe parallèle au passage de la
vanne. Cette pièce 15 est traversée par l'arbre de commande
qui relie l'opérateur 12 à la vanne 8.Between
Un support 16, en forme de plaquette, est maintenu
serré contre la buse 11 par un écrou. Il porte deux broches
de soutien parallèles 17 qui traversent la pièce de liaison
15.A
Les supports 16 relatifs aux différents ensembles
d'injection 3 de la rampe portent ensemble une goulotte 18, à
l'intérieur de laquelle sont placés des conducteurs
électriques et des conduits d'air comprimé, non représentés.
La goulotte contient également, à proximité de chaque
injecteur 3, une boíte de raccordement 19 reliée par des
conduits et conducteurs souples 20, 21 à l'opérateur 15, au
pilote 16, et au capteur de position 14. La référence 22, à
la figure 3, désigne un conducteur de liaison entre la boíte
de raccordement et un organe de commande, non représenté. The
En fonctionnement, la vanne 8 est ouverte, et le CO2
liquide est envoyé directement, selon un trajet rectiligne,
depuis le raccord 10 jusque dans l'intérieur de l'enceinte 1,
à travers la buse 11. Lorsqu'il est nécessaire d'arrêter
l'alimentation en CO2 liquide, le pilote 13 commande
l'actionneur 15, qui ferme la vanne 8. Seule une partie du
CO2 liquide qui se trouve entre la vanne 8 et l'intérieur de
l'enceinte 1 va se détendre en formant un bouchon peu
important de neige carbonique. Lors de la reprise des
opérations, si ce bouchon n'a pas disparu, il est facilement
expulsé par la pression du CO2 liquide à travers le conduit
rectiligne qui se termine à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 1.In operation, the
On observera que les démontages de l'ensemble
d'injection 3 sont très faciles. Si on démonte le raccord 10,
la pièce de liaison 15 vient reposer sur les broches 17 et
dégage un accès direct à l'intérieur de la buse 11, ce qui
permet de l'inspecter, et la nettoyer, par exemple au cas où
elle serait obstruée par de la matière contenue dans le
pétrin.It will be observed that the dismantling of the
Sur la figure 4 est représentée une variante de
réalisation d'un ensemble d'injection. Celui-ci comporte
essentiellement une buse d'injection 40 sur laquelle est
reliée une électrovanne 42 alimentée depuis un tuyau
d'alimentation calorifugé via un flexible de dérivation 44.In Figure 4 is shown a variant of
production of an injection assembly. This includes
essentially an
La buse 40 est formée par un manchon métallique à
section intérieure étagée, croissante suivant le sens de
circulation du dioxyde de carbone depuis un diamètre de 5 mm
jusqu'à un diamètre de 7 mm. L'extrémité de sortie de la buse
40 est soudée à la paroi métallique extérieure 2 de
l'enceinte, de telle sorte que son axe de sortie est orienté
vers le bas et délimite avec l'horizontale un angle de 10°.
L'extrémité de sortie de la buse est biseautée pour suivre la
courbure de la paroi 2.The
La longueur de la buse est par exemple d'environ 7
cm. Elle est aussi réduite que possible et est limitée à la
longueur nécessaire afin d'obtenir un dégagement suffisant
par rapport à la paroi 2 pour le montage de l'électrovanne
42.The length of the nozzle is for example around 7
cm. It is as small as possible and is limited to the
necessary length to obtain sufficient clearance
relative to
L'électrovanne 42 est vissée axialement directement
à l'entrée de la buse 40. Elle comporte une vanne 46 associée
à des moyens d'actionnement électromagnétiques 48. L'entrée
de la vanne 46 est reliée au flexible 44 d'amenée du dioxyde
de carbone liquide. Les moyens d'actionnement 48 comportant
un solénoïde sont alimentés par un conducteur électrique 50
connecté à un dispositif de pilotage approprié (non
représenté).The
La vanne 46 comporte un obturateur destiné à obturer un siège de la vanne. Le passage ménagé dans le siège de vanne forme un étranglement calibré adapté pour l'injection et la détente du dioxyde de carbone. Le dimensionnement du passage dépend essentiellement de la pression d'alimentation et du débit du dioxyde de carbone.The valve 46 includes a shutter intended to shut off a valve seat. The passage in the seat of valve forms a calibrated throttle suitable for injection and the expansion of carbon dioxide. The dimensioning of the passage depends mainly on the supply pressure and the flow of carbon dioxide.
Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'alimentation électrique des moyens d'actionnement 48 provoque l'ouverture ou la fermeture de la vanne 46, permettant ainsi la commande de l'alimentation de l'enceinte en dioxyde de carbone.In this embodiment, the power supply actuating means 48 causes the opening or closing the valve 46, thus allowing the control of supplying the enclosure with carbon dioxide.
On conçoit qu'avec un tel agencement, le trajet du dioxyde de carbone depuis la vanne jusqu'à l'entrée de l'enceinte est minimisé puisque la vanne et l'étranglement sont disposés au voisinage immédiat de l'entrée de l'enceinte. Ainsi, les risques de formation de neige carbonique sont largement réduits puisque les volumes morts en aval de la vanne sont minimisés.It is understandable that with such an arrangement, the path of the carbon dioxide from the valve to the inlet of the enclosure is minimized since the valve and the throttle are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the entrance to the enclosure. The risks of carbon dioxide snow formation are greatly reduced since the dead volumes in downstream of the valve are minimized.
De plus, comme précédemment, si un bouchon est apparu, il est facilement expulsé par la pression du CO2 liquide issu de la vanne.In addition, as before, if a plug has appeared, it is easily expelled by the pressure of the liquid CO 2 coming from the valve.
Claims (10)
- Device intended for injecting, into a vessel (1), a liquid under a pressure higher than that in the vessel, this liquid being capable of solidifying by expansion, down to the pressure in the vessel, this device comprising a feed pipe (4, 5, 6; 44) kept constantly under the said pressure higher than that of the vessel, a stop valve (8; 46) connected, on the one hand, to the said feed pipe and, on the other hand, to a roughly straight injection nozzle (11; 40) which opens into the vessel, the connection between the stop valve and the injection nozzle being dimensioned so that any plug that might form in the said connection and the said nozzle after the stop valve has been closed can be expelled into the vessel by the pressurized liquid when the stop valve is reopened, in the following way:
the connection between the stop valve (8; 46) and the injection nozzle (11; 40) consists of a roughly straight passage the cross section of which is smaller than that of the injection nozzle, and the interior surface of which has practically no unevennesses or roughnesses. - Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the stop valve (8; 46) and the injection nozzle (11; 40) are located in close proximity to the entry to the vessel (1), minimizing the path taken by the said liquid from the valve (8; 46) to the entry to the vessel (1).
- Device according to either one of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the valve comprises a valve body (46) connected directly to the injection nozzle (11; 40).
- Device according to Claim 3, characterized in that means are provided for quickly separating the valve body from the injector for cleaning purposes.
- Device according to either of Claims 3 and 4, characterized in that a member (12, 13) for actuating the valve (8) and mounted on the valve body is connected to a source of fluidic and/or electrical energy by a flexible fluid or electric duct (20, 21).
- Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a calibrated restriction is incorporated into the said stop valve (8; 46).
- Device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the restriction is formed by the passage formed in the seat of the valve (46).
- Device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the restriction is made in the valve body, upstream of the shut-off member of the valve (8).
- Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nozzle (11) internally comprises an insulating sleeve.
- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nozzle is formed by a metal sleeve with a stepped internal cross section that increases in the direction in which the liquid flows.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9506233A FR2734624B1 (en) | 1995-05-24 | 1995-05-24 | DEVICE FOR INJECTING LIQUID UNDER PRESSURE INTO A CHAMBER |
| FR9506233 | 1995-05-24 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0744578A1 EP0744578A1 (en) | 1996-11-27 |
| EP0744578B1 true EP0744578B1 (en) | 2000-10-11 |
Family
ID=9479367
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19960400510 Expired - Lifetime EP0744578B1 (en) | 1995-05-24 | 1996-03-12 | Apparatus for injecting pressurized liquid in a vessel |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0744578B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69610578T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2150641T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2734624B1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT744578E (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2764366B1 (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 1999-07-16 | Air Liquide | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR COOLING THE CONTENT OF A SPEAKER |
| FR2779212B1 (en) * | 1998-05-29 | 2000-07-21 | Air Liquide | LIQUID CO2 STORAGE TANK AND FILLING METHOD THEREOF |
| FR2808584B1 (en) | 2000-05-03 | 2002-08-30 | Carboxyque Francaise | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING AND CONTROLLING THE INJECTION OF A REGRIGERANT FLUID INTO A MIXING ENCLOSURE |
| FR2903482B1 (en) | 2006-07-10 | 2008-08-22 | L'air Liquide | CRYOGENIC FLUID INJECTION SYSTEM FOR TREATING BULK PRODUCTS |
| FR2949647B1 (en) | 2009-09-10 | 2011-10-21 | Air Liquide | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR COOLING THE CONTENT OF AN ENCLOSURE USING A FORCED CONVECTION SYSTEM IN THE UPPER PART OF THE ENCLOSURE |
| FR2953370B1 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2012-08-03 | Air Liquide | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR COOLING AND / OR FREEZING PRODUCTS, IN PARTICULAR FOOD PRODUCTS, USING THE INJECTION OF TWO CRYOGENIC LIQUIDS |
| FR3106036B1 (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2024-06-14 | Air Liquide France Ind | Process and installation for transforming a liquid or pasty product into frozen particles in a rotary chopping device (“cutter”) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4344290A (en) * | 1981-08-24 | 1982-08-17 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process and apparatus for in-line slush making for concrete cooling |
| FR2641854B1 (en) * | 1988-12-28 | 1994-01-14 | Carboxyque Francaise | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REGULATING A FLOW OF LIQUID CO2, AND APPLICATION TO A COOLING TUNNEL |
-
1995
- 1995-05-24 FR FR9506233A patent/FR2734624B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-03-12 PT PT96400510T patent/PT744578E/en unknown
- 1996-03-12 DE DE1996610578 patent/DE69610578T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-12 EP EP19960400510 patent/EP0744578B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-12 ES ES96400510T patent/ES2150641T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2734624A1 (en) | 1996-11-29 |
| DE69610578T2 (en) | 2001-03-01 |
| DE69610578D1 (en) | 2000-11-16 |
| ES2150641T3 (en) | 2000-12-01 |
| PT744578E (en) | 2001-01-31 |
| EP0744578A1 (en) | 1996-11-27 |
| FR2734624B1 (en) | 1997-07-04 |
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