EP0743128B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour le marquage de produits en matériaux transparents (solides) au moyen d'un laser - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour le marquage de produits en matériaux transparents (solides) au moyen d'un laser Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0743128B1
EP0743128B1 EP96106863A EP96106863A EP0743128B1 EP 0743128 B1 EP0743128 B1 EP 0743128B1 EP 96106863 A EP96106863 A EP 96106863A EP 96106863 A EP96106863 A EP 96106863A EP 0743128 B1 EP0743128 B1 EP 0743128B1
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Prior art keywords
laser
intensity
pulses
region
concentration
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP96106863A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0743128A1 (fr
Inventor
Stanislovas Balickas
Jonas Gulbinas
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NAICOTEC GmbH
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NAICOTEC GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
    • B44B7/00—Machines, apparatus or hand tools for branding, e.g. using radiant energy such as laser beams

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an internal method and apparatus Labeling of products made of solid materials using lasers, which for the Labeling transparent materials can be used, which makes a good visible, abrasion-resistant identification symbol inside the product.
  • WO 92/03297 is a laser marking method described that the selection of the identification point inside the product to be labeled, the concentration of the product material not absorbed bundle of laser beams at the intended location, the destruction of the Product material in the concentration range under the influence of a radiation beam High energy laser and when changing the position of the concentration range inside the Product during the introduction of the marking.
  • a device which for Realization of the above labeling process is provided, consisting of a laser that generates a bundle of high-energy light beams and has a wavelength which is not absorbed by the material of the product to be labeled, from a Focusing device that the bundle of laser beams in the selected area inside the
  • Concentrated product and a device that the location of the to be concentrated Radiation area inside the product changes accordingly to the label in to be able to produce the intended shape.
  • the disadvantage of the known method and the device is that, with a certain probability, the marking generated can be fuzzy and deformed, since during the destruction of the material inside the product, the material is exposed to the radiation beam of the high-energy laser, in the cross-section of which the energy density is uniform is distributed, suspended.
  • the maximum energy density of the bundle in the entire focusing range must not be less than 10 J / cm 2 , the power must not be less than 10 7 W / cm 2 and the pulse duration must not be less than 10 -6 s.
  • a bundle of rays with such energy cannot only do the mechanical properties of the material in the focusing area, with the help of the opacity of the destroyed material arises and the symbol becomes visible, change, but this influence can also internal Generate tensions that in turn are uncontrollable cracks around the focusing area or thread-like punctures penetrating to the surface, causing the Symbol sharpness is reduced and the shape of the symbol is distorted.
  • WO 94/14567 is a laser marking method for internal labeling of products made of solid materials described that the selection of the marking point inside the to be marked Product, the concentration of the bundle of not absorbed by the product material Laser beams at the intended location, the destruction of the product material in the Concentration range under the influence of high-power pulses from a laser beam and the change in the location of the concentration range inside the product form provided during the introduction of the marking.
  • a device which for Realization of the above labeling process is provided, consisting of a pulse laser, which generates the pulses of the bundle of high-energy light beams a focusing device that the bundle of laser beams in the selected area in the Inside the product is concentrated and a device that determines the location of the concentration range the rays inside the product change accordingly to a mark to be able to produce the intended shape.
  • the disadvantage of the known method and the device is that, with a certain probability, the marking generated can be blurred and deformed, since during the destruction of the material inside the product under the action of the pulses of the laser beam of high power and equal intensity over the entire bundle cross section (pulse energy - 50 mJ, pulse duration - 10 -9 s and pulse frequency - 1 Hz) not only the mechanical properties of the destroyed material can be changed, which creates the opacity of the destroyed material and the symbol becomes visible, but this influence can also generate internal tensions, which in turn create uncontrollable cracks around the concentration area and thread-like punctures penetrating to the surface, making the creation of a destroyed circular area of small dimensions impossible, which makes the Symbo Reduces sharpness and distorts the shape of the symbol. It is therefore not possible to use this method and this device to generate identification symbols of very small dimensions, to carry out internal identification in very thin components and to achieve high-contrast inscriptions.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a laser marking method and a device for Develop transparent materials that enable very high-contrast identification symbols to produce very small dimensions inside a transparent material and in particular to carry out the marking in thin walls of a product.
  • This task is done in a process for labeling products from transparent Materials using a laser, the selection of the marking point inside the Product, the concentration of the laser beam not absorbed by the product material at the intended location, the destruction of the product material in the Concentration range under the influence of pulses of the laser beam and the Formation of the identification symbol by changing the position of the concentration range inside the product, solved according to the invention in that the Condition of the destroyed material in the concentration range due to the effect on the Material is achieved in two stages, with the two stages of action by Effect on the material from at least two laser pulses of different parameters be achieved at the selected location and that the first or some of the first pulses of The first stage is material resistance to laser radiation in the concentration range change and the following or some subsequent impulses of the second stage Destroy material in the named area.
  • the first group of which is resistance of the material changed compared to laser beams and the following pulse group the Destruction of the material in the concentration range
  • Energy density of both pulse groups to decrease significantly to one destroyed by the destroyed material structure to create visible material area.
  • Due to the reduced crack size Possibility to close circular areas of smaller dimensions of the destroyed material generate, shape them closer together and thus high-contrast identification symbols to achieve inside the product.
  • the laser beam can be shaped to increase the intensity is the largest and the smallest in the center, i.e. the distribution of intensity is ring-shaped in the bundle.
  • the mentioned effect is further increased if the shortest wavelength of the laser beam or its harmonics for which the product material is transparent.
  • One of the variants of the proposed method is the intensity of one or some first laser pulses to choose so that the laser beam in its concentration range the resistance of the material to laser radiation changes, and the intensity of one or some of the following impulses is less than that of the one or some of the first Impulse is chosen, however, so that it is the material in the area in which because of Effect of the first (the first) impulse the resistance of the material to the Laser radiation decreased, destroy.
  • the present invention also relates to a device for labeling products made of transparent materials using a laser, consisting of a pulsed laser, which is a light beam generated such a wavelength that is not absorbed by the product material is, from a focusing device, the laser beam at the selected location inside of the product and a device that forms the label, by changing the location of the concentration range inside the product.
  • a laser consisting of a pulsed laser, which is a light beam generated such a wavelength that is not absorbed by the product material is, from a focusing device, the laser beam at the selected location inside of the product and a device that forms the label, by changing the location of the concentration range inside the product.
  • this device is an adjusting device has, which is capable of at least one parameter of the laser pulses that are on the selected area are focused, the setting device is designed to that in a first stage the material resistance to laser radiation in the concentration range is changed with the help of laser pulses with certain parameters and in one second stage with the destruction of materials in the area mentioned with the help of laser pulses changed parameters compared to the first stage.
  • the adjusting device for adjusting the first and second stages is a converter
  • the assessment of the first (At least one) impulses achieved a reduction in the degree of resistance of the material Parameters of the following pulses, i. H. the energy density of the impulses (intensity), the number of impulses, the pulse duration and the pulse frequency can be selected.
  • Such a case occurs when the one caused by the first or some first impulses Reduction of the degree of resistance of the material according to the strength (intensity) of the determined from the concentration range of the laser beam propagating acoustic wave becomes.
  • the decrease caused by the first or some first pulses the degree of resistance of the material according to the light intensity of the concentration range of the laser beam is determined.
  • the shape of the destroyed material area is also changed accordingly the number, the intensity, the duration and the repetition frequency of the laser pulses are controlled.
  • a Pulse laser which generates the beam with a wavelength that is not from the product material is absorbed by a focusing device that the laser beam in Concentrated inside the material at the selected location, and a device that the Location of the concentration range of the rays inside the product changes to one To be able to create a marking symbol inside the product was a problem controllable converter of the laser pulse parameters, which the pulse parameters depending on changes in the material parameters in the concentration range of the laser pulses, introduced.
  • the proposed device has a beam that distributes the intensity of the beam Formation system, which is located on the path of the beam between the Pulse laser and the focusing device is located and the distribution of the intensity of the Laser beam forms in such a way that the greatest intensity is at the edges of the beam and the least can be found in its center.
  • the proposed device has a pulse laser, which is a beam with the shortest possible wavelength from the area in which the product material is transparent is generated or with a wavelength of the corresponding harmonic.
  • the system for forming the Intensity of the beam from a telescope which is the small laser beam widened, as well as from a non-transparent disc-shaped screen, which the The central part of the widened bundle is covered.
  • the system for formation exists the intensity of the beam of rays from two identical conical optical parts, which with their cone base are arranged to each other.
  • controllable converter is the Laser pulse parameters a photo converter, which allows the glow of the plasma in the concentration range of the laser beam registered and the electrical signal representing the laser pulse parameters controls depending on the light intensity, leads to the control block.
  • controllable converter is the Laser pulse parameters an acoustic transducer that is out of the concentration range of the Laser beam propagating acoustic wave registered and the electrical signal that controls the laser pulse parameters depending on the intensity of the acoustic wave to Control block directs.
  • a control block which measures the energy density (Intensity), the duration, the number, the repetition frequency of the laser pulses depending on regulates the material parameters in the concentration range of the laser beam.
  • FIG. 1 One of the variants of the device that implements the proposed method is in the figure 1 outlined.
  • This device consists of the pulse laser 1, one on the line thereof Focusing device 3 located on the beam 2 for concentrating the laser beam 2 in the selected concentration range 4, which is located inside the transparent, for the intended product material 5 is located.
  • the device has a movable platform 6 on which the product 5 is fastened and whereby its position can be changed together with the platform 6.
  • a controller 7 is connected to their Functions to coordinate accordingly with the aim of the flag icon to achieve the desired shape.
  • the device has a controllable converter 8 Impulse parameter, which can be a photo converter, for example. This photo converter responds on the glowing of the material in the concentration range 4 and is through the control block 9 connected to the pulse laser 1.
  • the transducer 8 can also be an acoustic transducer be that of the acoustic waves propagating from the material in the concentration range 4 reacts and is connected to the pulse laser 1 by the control block 9.
  • the product 5 made of transparent material selected for labeling can be made from transparent or colored glass, made of optical crystal or organic glass.
  • the product material must not absorb the laser beam.
  • Laser 1 can, for example, be a solid-state pulse laser, e.g. Nd-YAG laser or one frequency multiplied xenon fluoride eximer laser.
  • the laser output energy must be approximately 50 mJ, the pulse frequency 1 Hz, the pulse duration 10 -9 s.
  • the wavelength of the laser beam or its harmonics in the interval is selected in which the product material is transparent, in the best case this is Interval selected the shortest wavelength.
  • the concentration range is made by means of the focusing device 3 and the movable platform 6 4 of the laser beam selected. It will be one or a few first Laser pulses emitted, and their effect on the material in the concentration range 4 for example by means of an optical converter 8 is registered. If at the exit of the optical converter 8, no signal is recorded, the intensity of the first laser pulses increased until the material changes occur in the concentration range, however the material has not yet been destroyed. The one created at the output of the optical converter electrical signal is then forwarded to the control block, which in turn controls the parameters of the next impulses determined so that by the action of the first impulses the material in Concentration range is destroyed, i.e. that opacity, ascertainable as light dispersing area being shaped. In the event that the controllable parameter of the Laser pulse is the pulse intensity, the intensity of the following pulses is less than that of the first impulses.
  • the head Controller 7 After the destruction of the material in the concentration range, the head Controller 7 passes the signal to the movable platform 6, and the concentration range of the laser beam is thus at a different location in the product according to the Directional flag icon. Destruction then takes place analogously to the case described of the material in the new concentration range.
  • FIG. 2 shows another variant of the device, which has the same device details like the device shown in Figure 2, but additionally has a formation system 10 which is used for the distribution of the intensity of the laser pulses is provided and located on the path of the beam 2 between the pulse laser 1 and the focusing device 3. This is responsible for the distribution of the intensity Forming system 10 distributes the intensity of the laser beams in the beam in such a way that the greatest intensity is at the edges of the bundle and the lowest at its center located.
  • a formation system 10 which is used for the distribution of the intensity of the laser pulses is provided and located on the path of the beam 2 between the pulse laser 1 and the focusing device 3. This is responsible for the distribution of the intensity Forming system 10 distributes the intensity of the laser beams in the beam in such a way that the greatest intensity is at the edges of the bundle and the lowest at its center located.
  • this is on the lens of the focusing device falling laser beam ring-shaped, and at a concentration of such a shaped Bundles in the selected product area as well as in the implementation of the above Material destruction in two stages becomes an even greater contrast and less Dimensions of the marking symbol achieved because of the first or more first impulses the resistance of the material to the laser beams in the concentration range change and the following or several following impulses the material in the mentioned Destroy area.
  • the formation system that is intended for the distribution of the intensity of the laser pulses is shown in Figure 3.
  • the small, not widened laser beam 2 enters widening telescope 11, inside of which is represented by the box 12 optical Components are arranged. It is preferably a biconcave and a biconvex lens. Downstream is a non-transparent, the central part of the widened Bundle 2 'concealing, disc-shaped screen 13. Behind it is like the other embodiments, a focusing device 3, which preferably consists of a biconvex and a plano-convex lens. Through this the widened Beams 2 'focused in the concentration range.
  • the telescope 11 of Figure 3 can also be replaced by another embodiment.
  • this formation system generally designated 10
  • Such a formation system does not require the screen 13.
  • FIG 4 Another variant of the device is shown in Figure 4, in which the same Parts have the same reference numerals as used in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the change in the location of the concentration range provided facility is only here for the x-direction a movable platform 6.
  • y and z serves a movable mirror system, which is shown in the housing 18.
  • the bundle of rays 2 meets a flat, hundred percent level after leaving the formation system 10 19 in the z direction.
  • the mirror 19 is set at 45 ° and thereby directs the beam in the y direction, perpendicular to the z direction on a second, also flat hundred percent mirror 20.
  • This mirror 20 is also set at 45 ° to the ⁇ direction and directs it Beams in the z direction again. From there the beam of rays passes through the Focusing device 3 to the concentration range 4 as in the other embodiments.
  • the concentration range 4 also shifts in the z direction by the same amount (to the right in Figure 4). If the second mirror 20 is moved in the y direction (without further Displacement of the first mirror 19 but with simultaneous displacement of the focusing device), then you move the concentration range 4 by the same amount up in the y direction.
  • the third x coordinate can be seen through the movable platform 6 adjust. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, this becomes linearly perpendicular to Paper plane shifted in the direction of view or in the opposite x-direction. This has a three-dimensional labeling option.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Printer (AREA)
  • Dot-Matrix Printers And Others (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Procédé pour marquer des produits (5) en des matériaux transparents à l'aide d'un laser (4), qui comprend
    le choix du point de marquage (4) à l'intérieur du produit (5),
    la concentration, en le point prévu, du faisceau de rayons laser qui ne sont pas absorbés par le matériau du produit,
    la destruction du matériau du produit dans la zone de concentration, sous l'action d'impulsions du faisceau de rayons laser (2), et
    la formation du symbole de marquage par modification de la position de la zone de concentration à l'intérieur du produit,
    caractérisé en ce que l'état du produit détruit dans la zone de concentration est réalisé par action sur le matériau en deux étapes, où les deux étapes d'action sont réalisées sous l'action, sur le matériau, d'au moins deux impulsions laser, ayant des paramètres différents, en le point sélectionné, et en ce que la première, ou les quelques premières impulsions de la première étape, modifient la résistance du matériau au rayonnement laser dans la zone de concentration, et l'impulsion suivante ou les quelques impulsions suivantes de la deuxième étape détruisent le matériau dans la zone mentionnée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le paramètre des impulsions laser est l'intensité, et l'intensité de la première ou des plusieurs premières impulsions laser est choisie de façon que le faisceau de rayons laser (2), dans sa zone de concentration, modifie la résistance du matériau au rayonnement laser, et l'intensité de l'impulsion suivante ou des plusieurs impulsions suivantes est choisie plus petite que celle des premières impulsions, mais de façon que la destruction du matériau dans la zone de résistance réduite du matériau au rayonnement laser ait lieu en conséquence de l'action de la première ou des premières impulsions.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le faisceau de rayons laser est formé de façon que l'intensité soit la plus grande au niveau de ses bords et soit la plus petite dans la zone centrale.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on choisit la longueur d'onde la plus courte possible du rayon laser ou de ses harmoniques, à laquelle le matériau du produit soit transparent.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on détermine le degré de diminution de la résistance du matériau, provoqué sous l'action d'au moins la première impulsion, après l'évaluation duquel on choisit les paramètres des impulsions suivantes, c'est-à-dire leur nombre, leur énergie, leur durée et leur fréquence de répétition.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le degré ainsi provoqué de diminution de la résistance du matériau après la première étape est déterminé à l'aide de l'intensité de l'onde acoustique qui se propage à partir de la zone de concentration du faisceau de rayons laser.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le degré de diminution de la résistance du matériau après la première étape est déterminé à l'aide de l'intensité lumineuse de la zone de concentration du faisceau de rayons laser.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la forme de la zone détruite du matériau est commandée par une modification correspondante du nombre, de l'intensité, de la durée et de la fréquence de répétition de l'impulsion laser.
  9. Appareillage pour marquer des produits en des matériaux transparents à l'aide d'un laser, constitué d'un laser à impulsions (1), qui produit un faisceau (2) de rayons laser ayant une longueur d'onde telle qu'il n'est pas absorbé par le matériau (5) du produit, d'un dispositif de focalisation (3), qui concentre le faisceau de rayons laser (2) en le point sélectionné à l'intérieur du produit (4), et d'un dispositif (6), qui forme le symbole de marquage, en modifiant la position de la zone de concentration à l'intérieur du produit, caractérisé en ce que l'appareillage comporte un dispositif de réglage, qui est à même de modifier au moins un paramètre des impulsions laser qui sont focalisées sur la zone sélectionnée, le dispositif de réglage étant conçu de façon, dans une première étape des impulsions laser, à modifier la résistance du matériau au rayonnement laser dans la zone de concentration à l'aide d'impulsions laser ayant des paramètres prédéfinis, et dans une deuxième étape des impulsions laser à réaliser la destruction du matériau dans la zone mentionnée, à l'aide d'impulsions laser dont les paramètres sont modifiés par rapport à ceux de la première étape.
  10. Appareillage selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de réglage destiné à mettre en oeuvre la première et la deuxième étapes est un convertisseur (9) pouvant être commandé, qui modifie les paramètres des impulsions laser en fonction des paramètres du matériau, déterminés immédiatement avant, dans la zone de concentration.
  11. Appareillage selon les revendications 9 et 10, caractérisé par la présence d'un système de formation (10), qui répartit l'intensité du faisceau de rayons, système qui se trouve sur le trajet du faisceau de rayons entre le laser à impulsion et le dispositif de focalisation, et qui répartit l'intensité du faisceau de rayons laser de façon que l'intensité la plus grande se trouve au niveau des bords du faisceau, et l'intensité la plus petite dans sa zone centrale.
  12. Appareillage selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le système de formation (10) destiné à répartir l'intensité des impulsions laser est un télescope (12), qui élargit le petit faisceau de rayons laser, ainsi qu'un écran (13), en forme de plaque, non-transparent et recouvrant la partie centrale du faisceau élargi.
  13. Appareillage selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le système (10) destiné à former l'intensité du faisceau de rayons est constitué de deux parties optiques coniques identiques, qui sont disposées l'une contre l'autre par leur surface de base.
  14. Appareillage selon l'une des revendications 9 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il possède un laser à impulsions (1), qui produit un faisceau de rayons (2) ayant la longueur d'onde des rayons ou des harmoniques la plus courte possible dans la zone de longueurs d'onde dans laquelle le matériau (5) du produit est transparent.
  15. Appareillage selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le convertisseur des paramètres laser pouvant être commandé est un convertisseur d'intensité d'impulsion (8 et 9), pouvant être commandé, du laser.
  16. Appareillage selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le convertisseur d'intensité d'impulsions, pouvant être commandé, du laser est un photoconvertisseur (8 et 9), qui enregistre la luminance du plasma dans la zone de concentration du faisceau laser et transmet un signal électrique au bloc de commande qui commande l'intensité des impulsions laser en fonction de l'intensité lumineuse.
  17. Appareillage selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le convertisseur d'intensité d'impulsion, pouvant être commandé, du laser est un convertisseur acoustique (8 et 9), qui enregistre une onde acoustique qui se propage à partir de la zone de concentration du faisceau de rayons laser et transmet le signal électrique au bloc de commande.
EP96106863A 1995-05-12 1996-05-01 Procédé et dispositif pour le marquage de produits en matériaux transparents (solides) au moyen d'un laser Expired - Lifetime EP0743128B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LT95-051A LT4108B (en) 1995-05-12 1995-05-12 Method and apparatus for laser marking of products from transparent materials
LT9500051 1995-05-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0743128A1 EP0743128A1 (fr) 1996-11-20
EP0743128B1 true EP0743128B1 (fr) 2002-02-27

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EP (1) EP0743128B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE213681T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59608777D1 (fr)
LT (1) LT4108B (fr)

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ATE213681T1 (de) 2002-03-15
LT4108B (en) 1997-01-27
LT95051A (en) 1996-11-25
EP0743128A1 (fr) 1996-11-20
DE59608777D1 (de) 2002-04-04

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