EP0738229A1 - Container with locked valve adapter - Google Patents
Container with locked valve adapterInfo
- Publication number
- EP0738229A1 EP0738229A1 EP95906830A EP95906830A EP0738229A1 EP 0738229 A1 EP0738229 A1 EP 0738229A1 EP 95906830 A EP95906830 A EP 95906830A EP 95906830 A EP95906830 A EP 95906830A EP 0738229 A1 EP0738229 A1 EP 0738229A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- adapter
- cap
- arrow
- recesses
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
- B65D83/40—Closure caps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
- B65D83/28—Nozzles, nozzle fittings or accessories specially adapted therefor
- B65D83/30—Nozzles, nozzle fittings or accessories specially adapted therefor for guiding the flow of spray, e.g. funnels, hoods
- B65D83/303—Nozzles, nozzle fittings or accessories specially adapted therefor for guiding the flow of spray, e.g. funnels, hoods using extension tubes located in or at the outlet duct of the nozzle assembly
Definitions
- the invention relates to a container with a latched valve adapter according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Valve adapters according to the invention serve to open and close the valve body arranged inside the valve, which can be reached from the outside with the adapter.
- the valve adapter according to the invention is provided with a delivery tube and a handle.
- the handle e.g. the valve body is opened via a valve tube, the so-called valve stem, through which the substrate flows out and thus reaches the adapter tube.
- Adapters of this type are used above all on pressure sockets to hold the substrate together in the adapter tube and to bring it out in a targeted manner when the valve has been opened.
- Such adapters often have a clamp connection for an extension tube at the outer end of the adapter tube, which can be plugged on and with whose help the substrate can be applied in a targeted manner when the handle is actuated even if the substrate emerges at a greater distance from the Valve must take place.
- An example of such applications of the invention are polyurethane foams, which are preferably used as assembly foams in the construction industry for sealing components.
- the adapter and the valve are manufactured separately, the adapter being held together with the container into which the substrate is filled until the substrate is to be applied. This happens in particular in small containers which contain relatively small amounts of substrate and whose valve and adapter are relatively simple to remove. must be educated.
- the valve and adapter generally consist of separate plastic parts.
- the valve adapter has a locking device which serves to temporarily connect the adapter to the container having the valve and containing the substrate in a form-fitting manner in order to ensure that the adapter is available when the substrate should be applied.
- a locking device which serves to temporarily connect the adapter to the container having the valve and containing the substrate in a form-fitting manner in order to ensure that the adapter is available when the substrate should be applied.
- Such snap-in connections make repackaging unnecessary, which enclose the parts, but are undesirable for avoiding packaging waste.
- the latching device according to the invention makes it possible to use the valve adapter repeatedly if only partial quantities of the substrate are used and the valve adapter is to be kept reliably available between several of these processes.
- the cutout is expediently made in the can cap, which hitherto only served to cover the valve in order to prevent the can valve from being actuated prematurely. Because of their comparatively low value, such and other containers have to be finished on fast-working packaging machines. So far, these have generally been automatic filling machines, at the end of which the pressure can, which is provided with the cap and is labeled, emerges.
- valve adapter DE-Gm G 82 09 492.9
- the cap lid is recessed and the edges of the recess form a link guide that runs axially parallel to the box and its lid.
- the projection serves as a sliding block and must therefore be inserted into the setting from above through the recess in the can cap.
- this requires a change of direction, since the adapter must first be guided radially over the can cap and then inserted axially into the link. Such movements are difficult to achieve and also require that the backdrop is aligned with the sliding block before the sequence of movements occurs.
- valve adapters with the known locking device can only be connected to the socket cap by hand.
- the projection provided with the barbs is designed as an arrow which is preferably oriented transversely to the adapter
- the packaging machine only needs to carry out a radial movement in the direction of the arrow in order to insert the adapter into the recess which is at the tip of the Arrow in the direction of the arrow is brought up to the can cap.
- the movement for tensioning the latching spring takes place in the direction of the arrow, which is relaxed after the latching.
- the invention facilitates handling when the adapter is latched and creates the conditions for the replacement of manual work by packaging machines with a high number of cycles.
- the projection of the adapter no longer has to be aligned with a specific recess before the latching takes place, since the recess is divided into a plurality of recesses, each of which can form a locking connection with the projection of the adapter.
- the probability that the projection hits one of the recesses as soon as, for example, a packaging machine brings the adapter with its projection to the latching connection, can be increased by reducing the recesses to such an extent that the machine generally always hits the latching connection.
- it is a snap-in connection, the user can disconnect the adapter locked with the container from the adapter at any time if he goes over to it, spread the substrate by pulling the arrowhead overcoming the catch spring.
- the invention provides a machine-appropriate design of the latching connection, which simplifies manual work and enables the adapter to be latched to the container in a packaging machine with a correspondingly increased speed and high degree of rationalization.
- the arrow is largely unyielding and can consist of solid material. According to the features of claim 2, it displaces the edges of the recess by elastic deformation of the material, which returns to its original shape behind the arrow head, in which the back of the arrow sits behind the recess edges, which form-fit the latter with the latter Bring the valve adapter. Conversely, when the snap connection is released, the resilient recess edges are pushed outward from the back of the arrow, as a result of which the positive engagement is canceled and the valve adapter is free.
- the invention not only has the advantage that it creates favorable conditions for the conventional packaging machines, which also pay off in manual work, since it is relatively easy to put the arrow into the recess by hand. It also has the advantage that it can provide closed recesses which achieve a positive connection on all sides, which makes it difficult for unauthorized persons to separate the adapter from the container, in particular from the can cap.
- This advantage does not require a complicated shape of the locking connection. Rather, it is enough to provide two opposite edges of the recess for displacing when making and when releasing the snap connection. Then particularly recommend forms according to claim 4.
- Shapes of the arrow and the recesses according to claim 5 are suitable for such and other embodiments of the invention.
- the rounding of the wedge cutting edge has the advantage that compact arrow shapes are formed which result in a short arrow length, thereby reducing the depth of the recesses without affecting the manageability of the valve adapter and its simple design.
- This has the additional advantage that the latched valve adapter cannot be rotated around the shaft of the arrow and this results in a defined alignment of the adapter, which, in the case of pressure cells, expediently consists in the extension tube brought together with the adapter to keep axially parallel to the pressure cell as soon as the valve adapter is locked.
- the end of the adapter tube forms an angle with the tube socket that is attached to the valve. This is the case in particular in the case of pressure cans which are filled with a liquid gas in order to discharge the substrate.
- claim 8 enables the extension tube to be aligned with the pressure cell in order to produce parallel axes.
- the invention can be expediently applied to pressure cans of the type described. Then it is expedient to implement the features of claim 11. Since here the recesses are arranged in the valve cap of the pressure cell, special measures on the pressure cell are unnecessary in order to attach the relevant parts of the locking connection there.
- the pressure cans can then have the usual smooth metal cylinder shape.
- the recesses are arranged on the circumference of a radial circle around the axis of symmetry of the container cap and are made at a relatively small distance in order to ensure with maximum certainty that the arrow hits a recess when the adapter is extended.
- the then relatively thin webs of adjacent recesses serve as springs for the latching connection, since the material is sufficiently elastic.
- the embodiments of the invention in small containers in which the adapter is attached are of importance its adapter tube is held essentially axially parallel to the axis of symmetry of the container, in order to enable space-saving packaging and installation of the goods on the shelves of self-service shops, such as hardware stores.
- the features of claim 13 are expedient, the recesses being able to form slots whose longer axis is perpendicular to the radial plane.
- the adapter in the recess can be blocked against rotational movements by appropriate profiling of the arrow.
- the webs can be profiled with centering slopes for the arrow of the adapter. Then it is ensured that each web has a centering slope for the two recesses adjacent to it.
- FIG. 1st 3 shows a side view of a pressure cell with a latched adapter
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the pressure can cap according to FIG. 3,
- FIG. 5 shows an embodiment modified from FIGS. 3 and 4 in FIG. 2 corresponding representation
- FIGS. 3 and 4 shows a further embodiment in FIGS. 3 and 4 corresponding representation
- FIGS. 4 to 6 shows another embodiment in FIGS. 4 to 6 corresponding representation
- FIG. 8 shows the embodiment according to FIG. 7 in a horizontal section and in a broken view
- FIGS. 4 to 7 shows a modified embodiment in FIGS. 4 to 7 corresponding representation
- FIG. 10 and 10a a further modified embodiment in the representation corresponding to FIG. 9, wherein a plan view is shown in FIG. 10a of the lower drawing,
- FIG. 11 shows a further modified embodiment according to the invention in a representation corresponding to FIGS. 4 to 6,
- FIG. 16 shows another embodiment essentially according to the representation of FIG. 15,
- FIG. 17 shows a horizontal section in broken representation along the line XVII-XVII of FIG. 16.
- the substrate contained in the can 101 is under the pressure of a propellant gas.
- the can valve is covered with a cap 2 which is placed on the can cylinder and connected to it in a frictional and / or positive manner.
- the adapter generally designated 3, can be attached to the valve (not shown) with a sleeve 106 of a pipe socket 109 and has two handles which are provided with recessed grips for the fingers of one hand when the valve body is actuated with the aid of the adapter, e.g. should be tilted to clear the path for the substrate into the adapter tube 109.
- the adapter pipe 3 is kinked at 112, so that its free end 111 encloses an acute angle with the pipe socket 106, 109.
- An extension tube 110 can be pushed onto the free end 111 of the adapter tube and is frictionally connected to it.
- the adapter has a projection denoted by 4 in FIG. 3 on one of its flanks. This serves as part of a snap connection of the valve adapter 3 with the can cap 2, which can be seen in particular from FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the projection 4 is designed as an arrow oriented transversely to the adapter. Accordingly, it has an arrowhead that forms a wedge with two bevels or wedge surfaces 36, 37.
- the ends of the wedge 36, 37 are undercut at 14 and 15 and therefore form barbs which are effective against the direction of the arrow and which sit behind the edges 16 and 17 of the recess, which is generally designated by 5.
- the recess is rectangular and therefore has upper and lower recess edges 18 and 19 which connect the vertical edges 16 and 17 to one another.
- the arrow shaft 13 is provided with a slot-shaped recess 35 passing through the wedge.
- the material of the projection 4 is elastic and therefore forms a spring in which the wedge is included.
- the projection 4 is pressed forward into the recess 5 in the direction of the arrow described with the rounded wedge cutting edge 38, its arrow tip will give way to the recess edges 16 and 17 as a result of the slot 35 when the bevels 36, 37 run up, so that Material of the arrow is displaced inwards and the spring is tensioned.
- the wedge tip deforms until the undercuts 14 and 15 lie behind the inner jacket of the cap or the recess edges 16 and 17. The material then relaxes due to the elasticity the tongue and the recess edges 16 and 17 enter the groove 21 formed by the undercut.
- the edges of the wedge bevels 36, 37 act as barbs against the direction of the arrow, while the rear edge further pushes the arrow into the recess 5 prevents when the positive connection of the locking connection is made.
- the projection 4 and the arrow 13 consist of solid material.
- the recess edges 16 and 17 serve as a spring which is elastically deformed with the arrowhead and barbs.
- the arrow is pointed twice with bevels arranged in pairs.
- the barbs formed by the undercuts 14 and 15 lie on the flat sides 22, 23 of its shank 13.
- the shape of the arrow can be further simplified by omitting the groove 21 and connecting the undercuts 16 and 17 to a smooth shaft.
- the distance between the undercuts 14 and 15, which form the barbs, from the tangential plane to an outer curve 24 of the adapter tube 109 essentially correspond to the depth of the recess in order to ensure a small radial play between the adapter 3 and the can or cap cylinder. Then it can be prevented that the adapter tube inadvertently assumes an angular position with respect to the pressure cell.
- the central plane of the wedge tip which is represented by the dash-dotted line 25 in FIG. 2, encloses an acute angle with the axis of the adapter tube 109, which is also shown in dash-dotted lines in FIG. 1. This ensures that the latched adapter tube cannot be pivoted from its axially parallel position to the can cylinder in the plane of the drawing in FIG. 1.
- the pressure can 101 covers the can valve with the can cap 102 which is placed on the pressure can 101.
- the adapter 103 can be placed on the can valve.
- the cover 102 has recesses 105 with which a projection 104 formed on the adapter 103 is locked.
- the adapter itself has a sleeve 106 which is placed on a discharge pipe of the nozzle valve and is to be connected to it in a force-fitting manner. Handles 107 allow the user to apply pressure to the sleeve 106 to open the exhaust valve. Then the substrate contained in the pressure can flows into the adjoining tube 109, which is angled relative to the tube end 111. An adapter extension tube 110 can be pushed onto the tube end 111 and is held by this force-fit. The free end 108 of the adapter can then be used to target the substrate even at hidden locations such as cracks and undercuts.
- the pressure cell 101 has a groove 113 running in a radius around the axis of symmetry of the container, which, because of the cylinder shape of the pressure cell, represents the longitudinal axis of the container, into which a groove fits when the pressure cell cover is properly seated ⁇ running inward projecting collar 114 engages.
- the pressure can cap is placed mechanically because the material of the pressure can cap gives way in a springy manner.
- the sliding movement of the cap 102 onto the can 101 according to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3 is limited with the aid of a web 116.
- a circumferential projection 117 in the cover serves the same purpose.
- the recess 105 which cooperates with the projection of the adapter, is located above the parts of the cap which cooperate with the groove 114.
- the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 4, 8, 9 and 11 all show a plurality of recesses 105, each of which can make a latching connection with the projection of the adapter.
- the recesses 105 are arranged only on part of the circumference 118 of the cap 102 in an angular range which is less than 90 °.
- FIGS. 5, 7 and 9 are preferred embodiments of the invention, because here each cap 102 is distributed over the entire circumference 118 of a radial circle around the axis of symmetry of the container and thus the cap 102 and therefore an angular orientation of the Recesses 105 with respect to the direction of movement of the adapter projection is not necessary.
- FIG. 5 is preferred embodiments of the invention, because here each cap 102 is distributed over the entire circumference 118 of a radial circle around the axis of symmetry of the container and thus the cap 102 and therefore an angular orientation of the Recesses 105 with respect to the direction of movement of the adapter projection is not necessary.
- the recesses 105 of the pressure can cap 102 are realized with slots 120.
- the closed design of the recesses achieves positive locking on all sides, so that the projection of the adapter, apart from the snap-in connection with the pressure cell cover 102, can only be removed again by a radial movement.
- the slots run parallel to the axis of symmetry 119 of the cap 102 and thus of the container which the pressure cell forms.
- the recesses 105 are slots 121, which are arranged perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the cap 102 on the circumference 118 of the cap.
- the cap 102 according to the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 7 and 6 is divided into two one-piece cylinders which merge into one another at the point designated by 122.
- the cylinder with the smaller diameter 123 adjoins the bottom of the cap, while the cylinder with the larger diameter 124 extends from the shoulder 122 to the open end of the cap.
- the shoulder 122 lies in a radial plane of the cap and extends over the circumference 118 of the cap.
- the recesses 105 are located on the shoulder 122 in the cap cylinder with the larger diameter 124. They are also formed as slots 125. Its longer axis runs perpendicular to the radial plane 118. However, the slots end at the base of the cap cylinder 123 with the smaller diameter 123. They thus represent a connection between the two cap cylinders.
- a latticework 128 is realized with the recesses in the can cap 102.
- the recesses 127 which are square to round Openings 129 can be formed in the circumference 118 of the cap 102.
- a window 133 is let into the circumference 118 of the cap 102.
- Guides 134 are formed on the inside of the cap 102. These guides are open towards the cover opening 137, so that a receiving plate 136 can be inserted into the guide 134 from this side until it comes into contact with the guide base 138.
- the mounting plate 136 carries the recesses 105, which can be reached through the window 133 for the projection 114 of the adapter.
- the receiving plate 136 can be designed as a flat molded part (cf. FIG. 12), which deforms elastically before being inserted into the guide 134.
- any combination of slots 120, 121, 125 and intersecting longitudinal and transverse slots 130, 131 and / or openings 129 can be provided for the reception of the projection 104 of the adapter 103 in order to to be able to lock different shapes of the projection with the same cap 102.
- the cap according to FIGS. 10 and 10a has a notch on its cover facing away from the opening 137, which notch is used in the packaging machine as an alignment aid 139. With this alignment aid 139, the cap 102 is aligned in order to insert the projection 104 arranged on the adapter 103 with sufficient probability into one of the recesses.
- the vertical edges of the recess are chamfered and form guide surfaces 140 with which the projection 104 is centered.
- the two bevels 146, 147 of the wedge-shaped arrow tip 141 interact with the guide surfaces 140 as soon as the wedge tip 141 is moved in the direction of the arrow for locking with the can cap 102.
- the arrow tip is again undercut at 148 and 149 and forms barbs with these undercuts. In the locked state, the barbs 148 and 149 are supported on the associated edges of the recess 105. This results in a positive engagement of the projection 104 with the can cap 102, which, however, is canceled again when the attachment 104 moves in the opposite direction, as a result of which the adapter can be separated from the can cap 102.
- the locking is therefore based on the spring action of the elastic material.
- the arrow head itself becomes a spring, the elasticity of which is increased by the slot which penetrates the wedge in the direction of the arrow and in the opposite direction.
- a one-sided arrow head 151 is provided, the spring 152 of the arrow 151 consisting of an acute-angled angling of the arrow shaft 153. If the arrow 153 is pushed into the recess 105 in the direction of the arrow, the spring 152 deforms and, after crossing the recess 105, forms a barb which is supported on the inside of the pressure cell cap cylinder 102.
- the arrow 154 is designed as a body of revolution, i.e. it has an externally cylindrical shaft 155 and a conical tip, which forms an barb with an undercut 145, which brings about the positive locking with the nozzle cap 102, as is basically explained in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2 above.
- the suspension which is necessary to bring about the positive engagement of the latching, can be ensured by yielding the edges of the recess 105 or by giving in the arrowhead and thus the undercut 145.
- FIG. 16 corresponds essentially to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 with the exception that the small surfaces are arranged at the end of a fork 156 of the shaft 157 of the arrow.
- the fork tines ensure the spring action.
- the locking takes place by the yielding of the arrow springs 158 and 159.
- the projection 104 is supported on the outer cylinder 118 of the can cap 102.
- a support 142 is used for this purpose, which is molded onto the projection 104. If the adapter is locked in place with the socket cap 102, this ensures
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4400878 | 1994-01-14 | ||
DE4400878 | 1994-01-14 | ||
DE4409120 | 1994-03-17 | ||
DE4409120 | 1994-03-17 | ||
DE4442276 | 1994-11-28 | ||
DE19944442278 DE4442278A1 (en) | 1994-01-14 | 1994-11-28 | Container with locked valve adaptor |
DE4442277 | 1994-11-28 | ||
DE4442278 | 1994-11-28 | ||
DE19944442276 DE4442276A1 (en) | 1994-01-14 | 1994-11-28 | Valve adaptor for aerosol cans |
DE4442277A DE4442277A1 (en) | 1994-03-17 | 1994-11-28 | Container with locked valve adaptor |
PCT/EP1995/000062 WO1995019303A1 (en) | 1994-01-14 | 1995-01-09 | Container with locked valve adapter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0738229A1 true EP0738229A1 (en) | 1996-10-23 |
EP0738229B1 EP0738229B1 (en) | 1999-04-21 |
Family
ID=27511722
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95906830A Expired - Lifetime EP0738229B1 (en) | 1994-01-14 | 1995-01-09 | Container with locked valve adapter |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5850952A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0738229B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE179144T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU688454B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2181182A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL178739B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995019303A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA3003175C (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2023-09-26 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Cap with nested handle for spray can |
WO2019199947A1 (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-17 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Dispenser adapter |
CA3095790A1 (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-17 | DDP Specialty Electronic Materials US, Inc. | Dispenser for valve with stationary valve stem housing |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2381683A1 (en) * | 1977-02-28 | 1978-09-22 | Oreal | Cover and distributor for aerosol container - has cover attached to container by tearable integrity tabs during manufacture |
US4819838A (en) * | 1987-04-08 | 1989-04-11 | Hart Jr Charles R | Spray tube and support assembly for spray container |
US5178354A (en) * | 1990-07-25 | 1993-01-12 | Engvall David P | Tube holder and method of using the same |
DE9209492U1 (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1992-10-29 | Gfv Verschlusstechnik Gmbh & Co., 7297 Alpirsbach, De |
-
1995
- 1995-01-09 US US08/669,558 patent/US5850952A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-01-09 CA CA002181182A patent/CA2181182A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-01-09 WO PCT/EP1995/000062 patent/WO1995019303A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-01-09 PL PL95315542A patent/PL178739B1/en unknown
- 1995-01-09 AT AT95906830T patent/ATE179144T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-01-09 AU AU15332/95A patent/AU688454B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-01-09 EP EP95906830A patent/EP0738229B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9519303A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2181182A1 (en) | 1995-07-20 |
PL315542A1 (en) | 1996-11-12 |
PL178739B1 (en) | 2000-06-30 |
ATE179144T1 (en) | 1999-05-15 |
US5850952A (en) | 1998-12-22 |
AU1533295A (en) | 1995-08-01 |
EP0738229B1 (en) | 1999-04-21 |
AU688454B2 (en) | 1998-03-12 |
WO1995019303A1 (en) | 1995-07-20 |
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