Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
  • B63B19/12—Hatches; Hatchways
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
  • B63B25/18—Detachable decks

Definitions

• This invention relates to cargo hatches preferrably 'tween deck hatches.
• the cargo holds of vessels vertically divided by 'tween decks are separated from each other and closed upwardly towards the open air by so called hatches, which when a lower hold is fully loaded and covered to start with serve as a transport and driving surface for trucks and the like and after filling of the spaces sideways and forward and astern of the hatchway be used as a loading surface for goods.
• DE-A-2 204 333 discloses an arrangement for securing containers on open decks, on hatch covers or in holds of ships and describes and shows how positioning pins are attached at a supporting surface, viz. an upper hatch cover resting on the hatch opening frame, said positioning pins engaging the standard apertures at the corner boxes of the container to prevent the container from sliding laterally.
• DE-A- 2 204 333 further describes and shows eylets or the like securing means attached to the hatch cover and adapted to serve as securing points for rods or wires tightended between said securing points and positioning girders engaging the upper edges of the containers. After loosening of the rods or wires the container is free to be lifted.
• the arrangement according to DE-A-2 204 333 can be used only in such cases where stacks of containers are placed at a distance from each other permitting personnel to move around the base of the stack in order to secure and tighten the rods or wires between the girders placed at least at the top of the stack and the securing points arranged on the supporting surface at a distance from the sides of the stack and loosen and disengage such rods or wires, respectively.
• lifting cages i.e. a plate with wires attached to the corners and normally adapted to four standard pallets, to sling and lift out 16-46 pallets resulting in a considerable loss of time and involving risk for damages. The same goes where relevant also for loading.
• One purpose of this invention is to bring about a new arrangement in hatches for dividing or closing cargo holds and thereby a new way of loading and unloading ships having such hatches.
• This invention includes designing at least one, normally more of the hatches or hatch elements for covering hatchways with at least one seat for at least one load carrying platform, which in its hatch engaging position levels with the upper face of the hatch element or adjoining hatches and edge, an end portion eventually also forming a cover for a through opening arranged in the hatch element and being provided with means for connection of lifting devices making it possible to remove the load carrying platform.
• a hatch element for one or more platforms arranged thereon corresponds in size to a conventional hatch and for covering the hatchway several hatches or hatch elements are needed.
• a loading platform to be based on the hatch elements ought to have an area preferrably corresponding to a multiple of the size of now used standard pallets surface.
• the platforms must have the ability to carry load placed thereon and to be liftable by means of the connection points for attachment or lifting devices making it possible to hook or connect lifting wires, lifting yokes or the like.
• the arrangement thus, includes besides the seats arranged in the special hatch elements with or without through openings, the loading platforms adapted to said seats with connector points where by means of attachments or connecting devices, lifting straps, corner posts, lifting yokes or the like may be attached.
• the removable platforms with cargo standing thereon may - provided the hatch elements have through openings - naturally be used for, on demand allowing inspection of or works inside the spaces below without removing of the hatches otherwise necessary. It is even possible to unload cargo from a lower hold at least to a limited extent.
• the hatch elements with the openings thereon and the platforms naturally must be adapted after the type of hatches and the type of cargo at issue and it may even be appropriate to allow the openings to be successively smaller with the biggest one at the top to simplify unloading and loading on platforms below.
• loading platforms and also the seats receiving same can be standardized so that they can function as replaceable load carriers.
• Empty loading platforms can be provided ashore for immediate replacement of lifted out loaded platforms and on reloading preloaded platforms can be at hand ashore.
• the loading platforms require no extra space but are integrated in the load hatches as such.
• the hatch elements may easily be adapted for available hatchways without changing the size of the loading platforms.
• the usability of the vessel or the hold is not impaired and it is without problems possible to load also general cargo such as crates, sacks, bales etc. and on lacking necessary lifting capacity, the loading platforms may be left unused.
• FIG. 1 shows the main features of the invention.
• a hatchway 2 which at the edges is provided with hatchway frames or beams or the like abutment portions 3 for conventional or current hatches and for the hatch element 4 illustrated here, which is adapted to rest its end portions at the beams 3.
• the position of the beams 3 gives the result that the upper side of the hatch element as the upper side of current hatches will be essentially in level with the upper side of the deck 1.
• the hatch element 4 has end portions 5 adapted for the frame beams 3 at the hatchway and has outer dimentions corresponding to those of a current hatch. Between the end portions 5 of the hatch element 4 there is recessed seat 6 adapted to the length of a loading platform 7 arranged according to the invention and at this seat there are locking devices 8 which by means of manually control means 8' or - not shown - power driven operating means are interconnectable with complementary locking means 9 at a loading platform 7.
• locking means 10 which are arranged for allowing securing of loading columns 11 or the like lifting aids such as lifting eyes or the like at the loading platform.
• FIG 1 illustrates how a loading platform with pallets carrying a load "CARGO” by means of the lifting columns 11 interconnected by means of complementary means at the ends of a lifting yoke of a crane or the like is lifted up from the seat 6 at the hatch element 4.
• the loading platform 7 there are pockets 13, Figure 8, for stays 14, Figure 7, and at elongated holes 15 by means of which supporting studs 16 of as lateral support serving elongated profiles 17 are arranged in order to prevent displacement of a loading platform because of the movements of the ship into an adjacent loading platform and vice versa so that lifting of individual platforms is made more difficult.
• the decks are normally provided with air channels and conventional hatches have corresponding channels making it possible for air to flow through the same and also be dispersed through holes at the upper face of the hatch provided for such purpose.
• the loading platforms are provided with air channels 18 and holes 19 in the upper face corresponding to channels and the holes arranged in current hatches.
• the loading platform 7 thereby will similar as current hatches be included in the air distribution system of the deck.
• FIG. 6 illustrates how hatch elements 4 can be used in the middle of the free opening of the hold wherein every hatch element seat 6 a loading platform 7 with loaded pallets P are placed.
• the decks A and B are shown empty and the load hatches 21 of these are folded up along each side of the free opening.
• the loading platforms are placed in the seat 6 of the hatch elements and secured by means of the locking devices 8,9 so that the element 4 and the loading platform 7 regarding the handling thereof form one unit and, furthermore, - in such cases a loaded platform at a given time will not be used as such - are put in its place serves as a conventional hatch.
• a lifting yoke 12 is connected to the columns 11 at each loading platform so that the load platforms one after the other can be lifted out, emptied and put in again alternatively replaced by existing empty ones. After being put in place again, the loading platforms form the intended free surface needed for moving the remainder of the cargo forwardly to the hatchway. During the continued unloading, the loading platforms may be used in the same way as the earlier known cages.
• the system including hatch elements and loading platforms is similarly useful on loading when after having filled the hold or a certain deck in a conventional manner utilizing the handling surface made available by the loading platforms at the hatchway, the loading platforms one by one may be lifted ashore, filled with goods on pallets and lifted on board again and fitted into the seats 6 at each hatch element. Alternatively you naturally can have an excess number of loading platforms to be loaded beforehand and one by one taken on board to replace a platform lifted out.
• the ship has hatchways 25 running over essentially the whole extension of the hold athwartships and fore-and-aft and here are utilized hatch elements 24 adapted to the width of the openings and arranged to rest at supporting beams 26 arranged at each deck level.
• a ship arranged in the way just mentioned would be able to load and to unload respectively on a fraction of the time today necessary as all movements of goods or cargo within the ship is vertical and all manual handling within the holds is elminated.
• the transport of the loading platforms 27 to and from shipside from and to store houses can easily be automatized.
• a ship constructed according to the given parameters would make it possible to reach at least as high efficiency on loading and unloading of general cargo on pallets and the like as on container handling.
• An essential difference and advantage compared with container ships is that the problem with taking care of emptied containers is completely eliminated and that known and tried technique from refrigerated or frozen transport holds can be utilized.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
• Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
• Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
• Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=20392269

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (5)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1993
  • 1993-12-30 SE SE9304346A patent/SE504245C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1994
  • 1994-12-28 KR KR1019960703510A patent/KR970700128A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1994-12-28 ES ES95905833T patent/ES2094709T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-12-28 PL PL94315178A patent/PL175835B1/pl unknown
  • 1994-12-28 DE DE69423913T patent/DE69423913T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-12-28 WO PCT/SE1994/001262 patent/WO1995018037A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1994-12-28 JP JP7517985A patent/JPH09507187A/ja active Pending
  • 1994-12-28 EP EP95905833A patent/EP0737144B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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