EP0729162A1 - Herstellungsverfahren eines elektrischen Verbundkontaktmaterials - Google Patents

Herstellungsverfahren eines elektrischen Verbundkontaktmaterials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0729162A1
EP0729162A1 EP96400406A EP96400406A EP0729162A1 EP 0729162 A1 EP0729162 A1 EP 0729162A1 EP 96400406 A EP96400406 A EP 96400406A EP 96400406 A EP96400406 A EP 96400406A EP 0729162 A1 EP0729162 A1 EP 0729162A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon fibers
metal powder
length
mixture
grinding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96400406A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0729162B1 (de
Inventor
Marie-Jo Francillon
Guy Gastaldin
Marc Rival
Pascale Rodriguez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric SE filed Critical Schneider Electric SE
Publication of EP0729162A1 publication Critical patent/EP0729162A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0729162B1 publication Critical patent/EP0729162B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/027—Composite material containing carbon particles or fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for manufacturing a composite electrical contact material, in particular suitable for circuit breakers, this material being based on powder of a metal which is a good electrical conductor such as silver, copper or their compounds, and comprising carbon fibers distributed in the metallic matrix. It also relates to the material obtained by this process.
  • Such materials are commonly used to make contact pads in electromechanical devices such as circuit breakers or switches.
  • the primary function of carbon or graphite present in the metal matrix is to reduce the risk of contact soldering.
  • the presence of graphite leads to increased mechanical and / or electrical erosion of the material.
  • the resistance to erosion is certainly improved, but this improvement is acquired at the cost of an alteration in the behavior of the contact at welding.
  • the carbon fibers are mixed with the metal powder with the addition of wetting agents, lubricants and solvents by the wet method, then drying, compression and sintering are carried out.
  • the disadvantage of such a process is that it involves complications inherent in a wet process.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to avoid the drawbacks described and to make it possible to produce in a simple manner a metalcarbon composite contact material with a fine, homogeneous and isotropic structure suitable for application in circuit breakers, this material showing good resistance to erosion both under nominal current and under short-circuit current, as well as satisfactory anti-welding behavior and low and stable contact resistance.
  • the carbon is therefore exclusively present in the form of residues of short carbon fibers, the statistical distribution of length of which is centered on the abovementioned final average value, and which are distributed homogeneously in the metal matrix.
  • the material shows good anti-welding behavior and a low and stable contact resistance, at the same time as, thanks to the semi-crystalline structure specific to all of the carbon elements inserted in the metallic matrix, low erosion under nominal current or under short circuit current.
  • the compromise between these qualities is determined inter alia by the choice of the final average length of the fiber residues, preferably between 5 ⁇ m and 20 ⁇ m.
  • commercially available carbon fibers are chosen, with an average length L1 of between approximately 100 ⁇ m and 800 ⁇ m, and delivered with a small standard deviation, and diameter between 4 and 20 ⁇ m.
  • These fibers are subjected to a cold and dry mechanical treatment in a ball mill, a planetary mill or an opposing air jet mill; the conditions of intensity and duration of the grinding make it possible to obtain fibers the length of which is statistically distributed around an average value much lower than the initial average value and with a standard deviation greater than the initial standard deviation, then are added in a weight proportion of about 2 to 5% by weight to the metal powder.
  • This powder is essentially a powder of silver, or of copper, or of their alloys, of usual particle size, with optionally addition elements such as nickel, tungsten, titanium nitride, tungsten carbide or other similar elements. .
  • the metal powder is mixed with the crushed carbon fibers in the dry process in a mechanical paddle mixer in step 20 until a homogeneous mixture is obtained, which then undergoes unitary compression 30, then sintering. 40, so as to obtain an isotropic material structure.
  • the commercial carbon fibers are mixed directly cold and dry with the metal powder in a mechanosynthesis step 21, for example in a ball mill or a planetary mill, such as grinding above fibers is carried out concomitantly with mixing with the metal powder.
  • the homogeneous mixture then undergoes, as previously, a unit compression 30 and a sintering 40.
  • Gaussian distributions of fiber residues of different lengths are thus obtained from fibers whose initial length L1 is from 100 ⁇ m to 800 ⁇ m (see FIG. 3), according to a unimodal distribution of average value L2 less than 20 ⁇ m.
  • Example graphite fibers, with an initial average length of 300 ⁇ m, undergo attrition in a ball mill until fiber residues with an average length of less than 20 ⁇ m are obtained and are mixed in a weight proportion of 2 to 5% with silver powder.
  • the weldability of the final material obtained is excellent and its erosion in electrical endurance is very low.
  • FIG. 4 shows on a 280 scale a micrograph of the surface of the material after a 12 kA breaking test at 250 V; it can be seen that the contact surface retains after breaking under short-circuit current its fine, homogeneous and isotropic structure of fiber residues 50 of variable length and any orientation in the silver matrix 51.
  • the material described is particularly suitable for use in circuit breakers.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
EP19960400406 1995-02-27 1996-02-26 Herstellungsverfahren eines elektrischen Verbundkontaktmaterials Expired - Lifetime EP0729162B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9502343A FR2731106A1 (fr) 1995-02-27 1995-02-27 Procede de fabrication d'un materiau de contact electrique composite
FR9502343 1995-02-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0729162A1 true EP0729162A1 (de) 1996-08-28
EP0729162B1 EP0729162B1 (de) 1999-07-28

Family

ID=9476600

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19960400406 Expired - Lifetime EP0729162B1 (de) 1995-02-27 1996-02-26 Herstellungsverfahren eines elektrischen Verbundkontaktmaterials

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0729162B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69603387T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2135179T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2731106A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2842019A1 (fr) * 2002-07-05 2004-01-09 Alstom Element de contact d'arc pour appareillage electrique, son procede de fabrication, ensemble de contact et appareillage electrique correspondants
WO2005046000A1 (de) * 2003-10-06 2005-05-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kontaktoberflächen für elektrische kontakte
EP1655749A1 (de) 2004-11-08 2006-05-10 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Kontaktpastille für einen beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt eines Schutzschalters, beweglicher elektrischer Kontakt mit einer solchen Pastille und Schutzschalter mit einem solchen Kontakt

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070145097A1 (en) 2005-12-20 2007-06-28 Intel Corporation Carbon nanotubes solder composite for high performance interconnect

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0171339A1 (de) * 1984-07-25 1986-02-12 Le Carbone Lorraine Verfahren zur Herstellung von elektrischen Kontakten
US4699763A (en) * 1986-06-25 1987-10-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Circuit breaker contact containing silver and graphite fibers
JPS62284031A (ja) * 1986-06-02 1987-12-09 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 電気接点材料及びその製造方法
DE4111683A1 (de) * 1991-04-10 1992-10-22 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco Werkstoff fuer elektrische kontakte aus silber mit kohlenstoff

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0171339A1 (de) * 1984-07-25 1986-02-12 Le Carbone Lorraine Verfahren zur Herstellung von elektrischen Kontakten
JPS62284031A (ja) * 1986-06-02 1987-12-09 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 電気接点材料及びその製造方法
US4699763A (en) * 1986-06-25 1987-10-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Circuit breaker contact containing silver and graphite fibers
DE4111683A1 (de) * 1991-04-10 1992-10-22 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco Werkstoff fuer elektrische kontakte aus silber mit kohlenstoff
WO1992018995A1 (de) * 1991-04-10 1992-10-29 Doduco Gmbh + Co. Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter Werkstoff für elektrische kontakte aus silber mit kohlenstoff

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 12, no. 176 (C - 498) 25 May 1988 (1988-05-25) *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2842019A1 (fr) * 2002-07-05 2004-01-09 Alstom Element de contact d'arc pour appareillage electrique, son procede de fabrication, ensemble de contact et appareillage electrique correspondants
WO2004006275A2 (fr) * 2002-07-05 2004-01-15 Areva T&D Sa Element de contact d'arc pour appareillage electrique, son procede de fabrication, ensemble de contact et appareillage electrique correspondants
WO2004006275A3 (fr) * 2002-07-05 2004-04-08 Alstom Element de contact d'arc pour appareillage electrique, son procede de fabrication, ensemble de contact et appareillage electrique correspondants
CN100367424C (zh) * 2002-07-05 2008-02-06 阿雷瓦T&D股份公司 用于电气设备的电弧接触元件、它的制造方法、接触组件以及相应的电气设备
WO2005046000A1 (de) * 2003-10-06 2005-05-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kontaktoberflächen für elektrische kontakte
US7638721B2 (en) 2003-10-06 2009-12-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Contact surfaces for electrical contacts
EP1655749A1 (de) 2004-11-08 2006-05-10 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Kontaktpastille für einen beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt eines Schutzschalters, beweglicher elektrischer Kontakt mit einer solchen Pastille und Schutzschalter mit einem solchen Kontakt
US7598832B2 (en) 2004-11-08 2009-10-06 Schneider Elecric Industries Sas Contact pad designed for a movable electrical contact of a circuit breaker, movable electrical contact having such a pad and circuit breaker comprising such a contact
CN1773647B (zh) * 2004-11-08 2011-09-21 施耐德电器工业公司 接触衬垫、具有该衬垫的可移动触头包括该触头的断路器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69603387T2 (de) 1999-11-18
EP0729162B1 (de) 1999-07-28
FR2731106A1 (fr) 1996-08-30
ES2135179T3 (es) 1999-10-16
DE69603387D1 (de) 1999-09-02

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