EP0728508A1 - Kristallisator - Google Patents

Kristallisator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0728508A1
EP0728508A1 EP95440007A EP95440007A EP0728508A1 EP 0728508 A1 EP0728508 A1 EP 0728508A1 EP 95440007 A EP95440007 A EP 95440007A EP 95440007 A EP95440007 A EP 95440007A EP 0728508 A1 EP0728508 A1 EP 0728508A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
reactor
envelope
walls
series
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP95440007A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gilbert Schwartz
Pierre Cunin
Guenael Drouglazet
Miloud Hassene
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BEFS Prokem SA
Original Assignee
BEFS Prokem SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BEFS Prokem SA filed Critical BEFS Prokem SA
Priority to EP95440007A priority Critical patent/EP0728508A1/de
Publication of EP0728508A1 publication Critical patent/EP0728508A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D9/00—Crystallisation
    • B01D9/0004—Crystallisation cooling by heat exchange
    • B01D9/0013—Crystallisation cooling by heat exchange by indirect heat exchange
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0058—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having different orientations to each other or crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reactor comprising an enclosure delimited by an envelope and intended to receive a liquid to be crystallized, and a plurality of tubes arranged in said enclosure and intended to be traversed by a heat transfer fluid to cause crystallization in the device.
  • the present invention will find its usefulness in any industry using crystallization techniques, and in particular the industries for purifying liquids by crystallization.
  • Purification by crystallization is a treatment process in which the difference in crystallization temperature of liquids is used to separate them. During such crystallization, a purified product is obtained on the one hand, and a residue on the other hand. To obtain a purified product which is increasingly pure, the process is carried out in several successive crystallization stages, using a crystallization device, which is basically a heat exchanger, and which will be called in hereinafter the "reactor", by way of simplification.
  • a crystallization device which is basically a heat exchanger, and which will be called in hereinafter the "reactor”, by way of simplification.
  • spiral type reactors and tube type reactors are particularly complex to produce, known tube reactors are of a simpler design, but have the drawback of too low mechanical strength.
  • the tube reactors comprise an external envelope which is often of rectangular shape, taking into account the volumes to be treated and the large dimensions of the device.
  • this envelope extend networks of tubes, arranged in a single given direction, either horizontally or vertically.
  • the networks of tubes are entirely enclosed inside the reactor shell, and only a few taps are provided to allow their connection, by one of their ends, to a supply pipe for heat transfer fluid, and by the opposite end, to a pipe for discharging the transfer fluid, constituted as the case may be by a coolant or hot liquid.
  • the tubes transporting the transfer fluid comprise fins arranged in the form of a spiral around the tubes, which gives them a small heat exchange surface compared to the volume of product to be treated.
  • the present invention aims to remedy all of the aforementioned drawbacks by providing a crystallization reactor which has excellent mechanical strength, even at pressures of high operation (of the order of a few bars), a construction that is both modular and dense to, on the one hand, allow easy and inexpensive repairs in the event of a tube leak and, on the other hand, optimize heat exchanges and have a high reactor yield per unit volume.
  • the invention relates to a reactor comprising an enclosure delimited by an envelope and intended to receive a liquid to be crystallized, and a plurality of tubes arranged in said enclosure and intended to be traversed by a transfer fluid to cause crystallization, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of openings arranged in walls of the envelope, each of said tubes having its ends engaged through respective openings and fixed to the envelope, so that the walls are reinforced two by two by the tubes acting as tie rods.
  • the tubes are arranged in layers in planes parallel to the bottom and to the cover, and the tubes of the successive layers are alternately arranged in perpendicular directions, which ensures a uniform distribution of the forces exerted on the tubes and the walls of the envelope.
  • Such an arrangement also makes it possible to cancel the thermal wall effects and to eliminate the means usually reinforcing the envelope.
  • the ends of the tubes are fixed by welding, or even by clamping, so that a defective tube can easily be jacketed or repaired.
  • connection tubes are connected two by two by means of connection tubes at 180 °, so as to connect series of tubes between a manifold. transfer fluid supply and an exhaust manifold.
  • the bottom and the cover of the envelope are connected by a plurality of tie rods, contributing to the mechanical strength of the enclosure of the device when pressurized.
  • heat exchange fins in particular made of metal sheet of parallelepiped shape, are threaded and fixed on the tubes, helping to increase the heat exchange surface between the liquid to be crystallized and the transfer fluid.
  • the fins of the layers of successive tubes are arranged in such a way that their edges touch, in order to ensure thermal continuity and the drainage of the liquid inside the reactor.
  • the reactor shell is placed on a frame comprising a plurality of pipes in parallel for feeding and emptying the product to be treated, which contributes to increasing the speed and efficiency of filling or emptying the reactor.
  • additional drainage means in the form of braces are arranged on the one hand, between the tie rods, with which they are in contact, and on the other hand, the taps of the filling / emptying pipes, so as to facilitate the drainage of the liquid during the stages of the crystallization process.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 representing the general external appearance of an embodiment of the reactor according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 representing the general external appearance of an embodiment of the reactor according to the invention.
  • the reactor 1 mainly comprises an enclosure 3 serving as a heat exchanger, delimited by an envelope 5 which is, in the chosen case, of parallelepiped shape.
  • the envelope 5 is intended to receive a liquid to be crystallized, which is brought in a manner which will be described later.
  • the envelope 5 comprises a bottom 7, a cover 9, and four side walls 11, 13, 15, 17, these different parts being in particular made of metal sheet, for example aluminum, and assembled by welding or by any other suitable means.
  • the envelope 5 has, at least in two opposite walls 11, 13 or 15, 17, a series of openings 19 machined and preferably regularly spaced in the walls.
  • the reactor 1, in accordance with the invention, further comprises a plurality of straight tubes 21, passing right through the casing 5 and whose opposite ends are engaged in the corresponding openings 19 of two walls 11, 15, 13, 17 opposite of envelope 5.
  • the ends of the tubes 21 are welded at their external wall in the openings 19.
  • the enclosure 3, intended to receive the liquid to be treated is never in contact with the interior tubes 21 where the heat transfer fluid will circulate.
  • these connections are made outside of the casing 5, by means of 180 ° bends 23 fixed, for example by welding, on two adjacent openings 19.
  • these elbows 23 can still be clamped on the openings, so that in the event of a tube 21 leaking, it is easier to put the latter out of the transfer fluid circuit, by simply modifying the connection of the elbows 23 which are connected to it.
  • a large number of tubes 21 is provided.
  • the tubes 21 are distributed in two series of plies 25, 27 arranged parallel to the bottom 7 and to the cover 9 of the envelope 5.
  • the successive plies 25, 27 or successive groups of plies 25, 27 disposed between the bottom 7 and the cover 9 have their tubes 21 crossed from one ply to the other, (that is to say a ply 25 oriented vertically in FIG. 2 to a horizontally oriented ply 27) or from one group of plies to the other. This ultimately results in two series of layers.
  • the tubes 21 of each series of plies are perpendicular, in the configuration shown, to the tubes 21 of the other series.
  • each series of plies are arranged parallel to two opposite first side walls (11, 13 and 15, 17 respectively) of the casing 5 and open into the openings 19 of the two second side walls. opposite (15, 17 and 11, 13 respectively) of the envelope 5.
  • each tube 21 is connected at one of its ends 29 to a neighboring tube located in the same horizontal plane, and is connected to its other end 31 to a neighboring tube located in the same vertical plane.
  • This connection mode is also repeated in a zigzag (FIG. 1), so that the transfer fluid generally flows from bottom to top or from top to bottom, using a series of short paths through the elbows 23 at 180 °, interspersed with horizontal paths in parallel tubes 21.
  • a series of circuits is defined three-dimensional zigzag 33 between the opposite walls 11, 13 or 15, 17, these circuits coming in a homogeneous manner to transfer the transfer fluid inside the envelope 5 of the reactor 1.
  • the transfer fluid is brought to the inlet of each zigzag circuit 33 via a nozzle 35 in a supply manifold 37 and is extracted at the outlet of each zigzag circuit via a tapping 39 in an outlet manifold 41.
  • the same configuration of collectors is reproduced on the side wall 15 perpendicular to the wall 11 of the casing 5.
  • the method of connecting the tubes 21 depends on their number and their arrangement and on the arrangement of the nozzles 35, 39 which will be available in the supply 37 and discharge 41 collectors. It may also depend on the gradient of temperature, between the top and the bottom of the reactor, which is determined according to the product to be treated.
  • the invention also provides tie rods 43 fixed at regular intervals between the bottom 7 and the cover 9, as shown in Figures 2 and 4.
  • the tubes 21 of the transfer fluid circuit are provided with a multitude of fins 45, which can be seen in profile on the partial sections of Figures 1 and 2, or in perspective in Figure 5. It is preferably fins in the form of square parallelepipeds, for example of sheet metal, or of composite material, comprising a central orifice 47 through which they are threaded on a tube 21, then crimped or welded so establish good thermal contact with it.
  • the height of the fins is calculated from in such a way that, unlike the known spiral fins, the edges 49 of the fins carried by tubes arranged in sheets located immediately below or below, touch, thus contributing to a better homogeneity of the temperature in the reactor 1.
  • the fins 45 in contact with each other contribute to the drainage of the liquid phase and consequently promote the evacuation of the latter.
  • the optimized exchange surface also makes it possible to more precisely adjust the temperature inside the reactor 1 and, ultimately, to promote the separation of the products during crystallization.
  • the drainage function of the fins 45 is particularly advantageous when, during the crystallization process, washing or bleeding of the crystals is carried out, which are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • Figure 3 there is shown in elevation a frame 51, on which the bottom 7 of the reactor.
  • This frame is preferably provided, not with a single tube for supplying and / or emptying the liquid to be treated, but with a plurality of supply / emptying tubes 53 arranged in parallel, and connected to a manifold d feeding / emptying the product to be treated, which is not shown.
  • Each tube 53 comprises a series of vertical nozzles 55, regularly distributed, opening into the casing 5 of the reactor.
  • each tap 55 arranged in the frame 51 of the reactor are provided with additional drainage means, in the form of braces 57 which come into contact with the tie rods 43.
  • additional drainage means in the form of braces 57 which come into contact with the tie rods 43.
  • the filling is preferably done from the bottom. This also makes it possible to avoid the presence of air bubbles in certain parts of the reactor during filling.
  • the reactor 1 according to the invention solves the problem posed, by proposing a crystallization device devoid of the drawbacks observed with the known devices.
  • this reactor 1 makes it possible to considerably increase the mechanical strength of its envelope 5.
  • each tube 21 opens out outside the 'casing 5 it is easy to exclude a damaged tube from the heat transfer fluid circuit, or even to repair it by lining, without having to dismantle the reactor.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
EP95440007A 1995-02-24 1995-02-24 Kristallisator Ceased EP0728508A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95440007A EP0728508A1 (de) 1995-02-24 1995-02-24 Kristallisator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95440007A EP0728508A1 (de) 1995-02-24 1995-02-24 Kristallisator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0728508A1 true EP0728508A1 (de) 1996-08-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95440007A Ceased EP0728508A1 (de) 1995-02-24 1995-02-24 Kristallisator

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0728508A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0891798A1 (de) * 1997-07-16 1999-01-20 Sulzer Chemtech AG Verfahren zur fraktionierten Kristallisation von Substanzen, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeigneter Kristallisator, sowie Verwendung des Kristallisators
WO2012110117A1 (en) 2011-02-18 2012-08-23 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Method for the manufacture of a polyhydroxy-carboxylic acid
CN110017706A (zh) * 2017-11-24 2019-07-16 矢崎能源系统公司 热交换器和吸收式制冷机

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2656157A (en) * 1950-02-16 1953-10-20 Eugene W Wasielewski Heat transfer element supported against external or internal pressures
US3028149A (en) * 1959-01-28 1962-04-03 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Heat-exchangers
FR1497875A (fr) * 1965-11-09 1967-10-13 Central Electr Generat Board Perfectionnements aux échangeurs de chaleur ou économiseurs tubulaires
FR1580494A (de) * 1968-07-18 1969-09-05
DE3148144A1 (de) * 1981-12-05 1983-06-09 WBT Wärmebodentechnik GmbH, 4100 Duisburg Waermetauscher, insbesondere zum nutzbarmachen von umgebungswaerme

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2656157A (en) * 1950-02-16 1953-10-20 Eugene W Wasielewski Heat transfer element supported against external or internal pressures
US3028149A (en) * 1959-01-28 1962-04-03 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Heat-exchangers
FR1497875A (fr) * 1965-11-09 1967-10-13 Central Electr Generat Board Perfectionnements aux échangeurs de chaleur ou économiseurs tubulaires
FR1580494A (de) * 1968-07-18 1969-09-05
DE3148144A1 (de) * 1981-12-05 1983-06-09 WBT Wärmebodentechnik GmbH, 4100 Duisburg Waermetauscher, insbesondere zum nutzbarmachen von umgebungswaerme

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0891798A1 (de) * 1997-07-16 1999-01-20 Sulzer Chemtech AG Verfahren zur fraktionierten Kristallisation von Substanzen, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeigneter Kristallisator, sowie Verwendung des Kristallisators
US6145340A (en) * 1997-07-16 2000-11-14 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Process for fractional crystallization of substances, a crystallizer suitable for working the process, and use of the process
WO2012110117A1 (en) 2011-02-18 2012-08-23 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Method for the manufacture of a polyhydroxy-carboxylic acid
WO2012110118A1 (en) 2011-02-18 2012-08-23 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Method for the manufacture of a polyhydroxy-carboxylic acid
US9637587B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2017-05-02 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Method for the manufacture of a polyhydroxy-carboxylic acid
CN110017706A (zh) * 2017-11-24 2019-07-16 矢崎能源系统公司 热交换器和吸收式制冷机
US10816271B2 (en) 2017-11-24 2020-10-27 Yazaki Energy System Corporation Heat exchanger and absorption refrigerator

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